Background technique
Forging be it is a kind of using metal forming machinery to metal stock apply pressure, make its generate plastic deformation with obtain have one
Determine the processing method of mechanical performance, certain shapes and size forging.It can eliminate what metal generated in smelting process by forging
The defects of as cast condition is loose optimizes heterogeneous microstructure, simultaneously because complete metal streamline is saved, the mechanical performance one of forging
As be better than same material casting.
Mechanical equipment for forging is mostly to forge bed, and the general chucking device for having profession of large-scale forging bed is used to clamp
Workpiece, to guarantee precision and safety when workpiece forging, protective equipment is also very perfect;However, small swaged forging bed is as many small
The commonly used equipment of type factory and many College Project training centres, application is more universal compared to for big swaged forging bed, meanwhile,
Since its use scope is wider more miscellaneous, condition is more simple and crude, adds cost problem, small swaged forging bed be seldom equipped with comprehensive fixture with
Safeguard.
Currently, the forging bed that most of small swaged forging beds, especially College Project training centre are used for practising method, nearly all
It is that operator holds clamp etc. and clamps workpiece and forges, such method has very big drawback and safety problem.Firstly, it is necessary to
The workpiece of forging need to be heated to the condition of high temperature and be forged, inconvenient if the Handheld clamps such as clamp are too long, grasp if too short
Author can significantly feel the high temperature heat wave of workpiece, be easy smoked wound or scald operator, secondly, hammering workpiece in tup
When, very big impact force can be generated, if operator's arm strength is inadequate, workpiece is easy to vibrate or dap, and on the one hand influences
Precision is forged, is on the other hand easy to injure operator, even if operator's strength can keep workpiece to stablize enough, rushing when hammering
Hitting power still can be transmitted to operator's arm, and operator expends a large amount of physical strength when forging for a long time, or even can damage operation
Person's arm.
To sum up, lack for chucking device existing for small swaged forging bed, the serious incomplete problem of safeguard designs one kind
The problem of suitable for small swaged forging bed, safeguard at low cost, esy to use, safe and reliable being urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
For above situation, for the defect for overcoming the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of safety for small swaged forging bed
The problem of protective device, the current small swaged forging bed clamping of effective solution and safeguard are poor, are easy to damage operator.
Its technical solution solved is a kind of safety device for small swaged forging bed, including fixed annular sleeve, ring
The multiple radial ladder holes of circumference uniform distribution on the annulus wall of shape set, ladder hole inner end aperture are less than outer end aperture, Mei Gejie
One telescopic compression bar is installed, compression bar is made of outer loop bar and inner rod, and outer loop bar one end is mounted on ladder in terraced through-hole
In through-hole, the other end stretches out outside annular sleeve, and the shaft shoulder, shaft shoulder outer wall and the big hole section inner wall sliding of ladder hole are equipped in the middle part of outer loop bar
It is bonded, the first pressure spring in ladder hole, first pressure spring one end and shaft shoulder contact, the other end and rank is set on outer loop bar
The big hole section bottom of terraced through-hole contacts;One end that outer loop bar is located in ladder hole is provided with axial blind hole, and inner rod one end is same
Axis is mounted in blind hole, and the other end protrudes into the annular distance of annular sleeve, and inner rod can be slided in outer loop bar and can not be slipped, blind hole
Strength pressure spring, strength pressure spring one end and the contact of inner rod bottom, the other end and blind via bottom contact are inside installed;
Elastic pressure zone and slewing rollers be installed, slewing rollers are located at annular sleeve lower section and axis and annular sleeve axis outside annular sleeve
In parallel, there is the interval passed through for elastic pressure zone between slewing rollers and annular sleeve outer wall, elastic pressure zone is flat strip, one
End is fixed on the outer wall of annular sleeve, and the other end passes through in the annular sleeve one week interval between slewing rollers and annular sleeve, bullet
Property pressure zone annular sleeve and multiple compression bars are wrapped in, the outer end of multiple compression bars is contacted with the inner surface of elastic pressure zone;Elasticity
The free end of pressure zone is connected with tension rope, and first pulley is equipped with immediately below elastic pressure zone, and the is equipped on the left of first pulley
Two pulleys, are equipped with third pulley right above second pulley, three pulleys can left-right rotation, tense the free end of rope successively
Three pulleys are bypassed from outside.
The configuration of the present invention is simple is ingenious, economical and practical, solves small swaged forging bed and lacks effective fixture, needs operator's hand
Hold the inconvenience and danger that fixture is operated, will hold tightly and release movement and the decline of tup rising cleverly combine realization
Linkage, can hold tightly in forging and stamping and release rotates freely workpiece adjustment position when tup rises, convenient to use.
Specific embodiment
Further description is made to a specific embodiment of the invention below in conjunction with attached drawing.
It is provided by Fig. 1 to Fig. 9, the present invention includes fixed annular sleeve 1, and circumference uniform distribution is multiple on the annulus wall of annular sleeve 1
Radial ladder hole 2,2 inner end aperture of ladder hole are less than outer end aperture, be equipped in each ladder hole 2 one it is scalable
Compression bar 3, compression bar 3 is made of outer loop bar 4 and inner rod 5, and outer 4 one end of loop bar is mounted in ladder hole 2, and the other end stretches out ring
Outside shape set 1, the shaft shoulder 6 is equipped in the middle part of outer loop bar 4,6 outer wall of the shaft shoulder and the sliding of the big hole section inner wall of ladder hole 2 are bonded, on outer loop bar 4
The first pressure spring 7 being set in ladder hole 2,7 one end of the first pressure spring and the contact of the shaft shoulder 6, the other end and ladder hole 2
Big hole section bottom contact;One end that outer loop bar 4 is located in ladder hole 2 is provided with axial blind hole 22, and 5 one end of inner rod is coaxially pacified
In blind hole 22, the other end is protruded into the annular distance of annular sleeve 1, and inner rod 5 can be slided in outer loop bar 4 and can not be slipped, blind
Strength pressure spring 8,8 one end of strength pressure spring and the contact of 5 bottom of inner rod, the other end and the contact of 22 bottom of blind hole are installed in hole 22;
Elastic pressure zone 9 and slewing rollers 10 be installed, slewing rollers 10 are located at below annular sleeve 1 and axis and ring outside annular sleeve 1
Shape 1 axis of set is parallel, has the interval passed through for elastic pressure zone 9 between 1 outer wall of slewing rollers 10 and annular sleeve, elastic pressure zone 9 is
Flat strip, one end are fixed on the outer wall of annular sleeve 1, and the other end is around annular sleeve 1 one weeks from slewing rollers 10 and annular sleeve 1
Between interval in pass through, in annular sleeve 1 and multiple compression bars 2 are wrapped in by elastic pressure zone 9, the outer end of multiple compression bars 2 is and bullet
Property pressure zone 9 inner surface contact;The free end of elastic pressure zone 9, which is connected with, tenses rope 11, and the is equipped with immediately below elastic pressure zone 9
One pulley 12 is equipped with second pulley 13 on the left of first pulley 12, is equipped with third pulley 14 right above second pulley 13, and three
Pulley can left-right rotation, tense rope 11 free end successively from outside bypass three pulleys.
To slip inner rod 5 will not out of blind hole 22, the inner rod 5 is located at one end in blind hole 22 equipped with the shaft shoulder
23, ring baffle 24 is installed, the annular distance diameter of ring baffle 24 is less than shaft shoulder diameter, and inner rod 5 is from ring at 22 aperture of blind hole
It is stretched out in the annular distance of shape baffle 24.
To guarantee more effectively to hold tightly workpiece, the ladder hole 2 and 3 circumference uniform distribution quantity of compression bar are no less than 12
It is a.
Folder there are two circular ring shape is installed to guarantee that elastic pressure zone 9 will not be slipped or be deflected, on 1 outer wall of annular sleeve
Plate 15 is equipped at each clamping plate outer rim in the flange perpendicular to surface, two clamping plates 15 along annular sleeve 1 axially symmetric disposition and
Inwardly, the inside of two clamping plates 15 is slidably adjacent to elastic pressure zone 9 flange, and flange is located at 9 outside of elastic pressure zone, each folder
Supporting block 16 is installed, 16 circumference uniform distribution of supporting block is multiple, and each supporting block 16 can be slided along the radial direction of clamping plate 15 on the inside of plate 15
Dynamic, supporting block 16 is supported in the inner surface of elastic pressure zone 9, is equipped with one between each supporting block 16 and the outer wall of annular sleeve 1
Second pressure spring 17.
To guarantee that inner rod 4 can clamp workpiece from all directions front, the inner rod 5 is located at 1 annular distance of annular sleeve
Interior end is equipped with clamping head 18, and clamping head 18 is hinged on 5 end of inner rod by flexural pivot.
To guarantee that clamping head 18 can effectively clamp workpiece without sliding, the bottom that the clamping head 18 is contacted with workpiece
Portion is densely covered with teeth.
To fix convenient for workpiece rotation, coaxial fixing sleeve 19, fixing sleeve 19 are installed on the right side of the annular sleeve 1
For hollow tubular structures, 19 inner periphery of fixing sleeve is evenly distributed with multiple axis tiles 20, and each axis tile 20 is connected through multiple second pressure springs 21
In the inner wall of fixing sleeve 19.
When specifically used, first pulley 12 and second pulley 13 are installed in the pedestal 25 of forging bed the present invention, and third is sliding
Wheel 14 is installed in the column 27 of forging bed, and such arrangement does not influence to forge bed normal operating, raw prevented also from personnel's false triggering
Danger, the free end for tensing rope 11 are fixed on the side wall of forging bed tup 28, and annular sleeve 1 and fixing sleeve 19 are installed on forging bed
On pedestal 25.
When forging, the bar work forged will be needed to sequentially pass through fixing sleeve 19 and annular sleeve 1, the one end for needing to forge is stretched
To the workbench 26 of forging bed, the tup 28 of starting forging bed, control forging bed falls, and tup 28 pulls thereon during falling
It tenses 11 end of rope to move downward, by the steering-effecting of first pulley 12, second pulley 13 and third pulley 14, tension rope
Rope 11 pulls downward on 9 free end of elastic pressure zone, to tense elastic pressure zone 9, reduces the encirclement radius of elastic pressure zone 9, thus
Make elastic pressure zone 9 press against compression bar 3 to move along the radial of annular sleeve 1 to the center of circle, when the clamping head 18 of 5 end of inner rod connects with workpiece
When touching, due to clamping head 18 be by flexural pivot hingedly with 5 end of inner rod, so clamping head 18 can universal rotational, clamping head 18
It will be set according to the shape adjust automatically angle of workpiece surface to most stable of flat transverse presentation, to guarantee that clamping head 18 can front clamping
Workpiece, simultaneously because the bottom that contacts with workpiece of clamping head 18 is closed teeth, teeth, which are seen, to be increased between clamping head 18 and workpiece
Frictional force, make to hold tightly more effective;After clamping head 18 is contacted with workpiece surface, elastic pressure zone 9 continues lower moulded rod 3, outer loop bar 4
Continue to the movement of 1 center of circle of annular sleeve, and inner rod 5 cannot be continued to move to since end resists workpiece through clamping head 18, at this time
Strength pressure spring 8 in 5 compression garment bar of inner rod, 4 cavity, outer loop bar 4 gradually cover during mobile into annular sleeve 1
Outside inner rod 5, i.e., inner rod 5 is gradually tapered up into the cavity of outer loop bar 4, to realize that compression bar 3 is automatic according to the shape of workpiece
Adjustment length makes the compression bar 3 of successive contact workpiece that can effectively position holding, and multiple compression bars 3 of circumference uniform distribution are according to workpiece
Shape automatic adjustment length to workpiece surrounding formed with cavity similar in workpiece interface shape, one side compression bar 3 passes through
The adaptive rotation front of clamping head 18 clamps workpiece, and the cavity that another party's compression bar 3 is formed closely holds workpiece tightly and realizes clamping.
In addition, the present invention can adjust the clamping force size of clamping head 18 by replacing different strength pressure springs 8, fit in a certain range
Answer different clamping force demands.
When the first lower complete tup 28 of forging hammer rises, tenses 11 end of rope and no longer pull down, in the bullet of elastic pressure zone 9 itself
Under the action of power and the first pressure spring 7, elastic pressure zone 9 surrounds radius and becomes larger, effect of the compression bar 3 in the first pressure spring 7 and strength pressure spring 8
Under radially popped up to the direction far from 1 center of circle of annular sleeve, compression bar 3 unclamps workpiece, the at this time axis tile 20 only in fixing sleeve 19
Workpiece is embraced under the action of the spring, this 20 enclasping force of axis tile is small, and operator can turn to phase according to forging situation turning of work piece
Position is answered to decontrol workpiece, workpiece can keep in situ in fixing sleeve 19 under the action of axis tile 20, when tup 28 falls again
Compression bar 3 in annular sleeve 1 clamps workpiece again and is forged.And so on, until workpiece forging is completed, workpiece is removed.
The present invention has the advantages that following significant ground:
1, the present invention is not required to operator's Handheld clamp and clamps workpiece, but is embraced by the positioning of multiple compression bars 3 of circumference uniform distribution
Clamping of workpieces, by elastic pressure zone 9, tenses 11, three pulleys of rope and the cooperation of tup 28, holding release and tup by compression bar 3
28 rising whereabouts is combined together, and achieves linkage, and compression bar 3, which holds workpiece tightly, when tup 28 falls makes it will not in forging
Mobile to shake and vibrate, compression bar 3 unclamps workpiece when tup 28 rises, and operator is allow to need flexible rotating according to forging situation
Workpiece avoids and hurts operator in the moment Workpiece vibration vibration that tup 28 impacts workpiece, and workpiece shift makes when also avoiding impact
It forges position and effect is undesirable.
2, fastening safety of the present invention is reliable.The present invention is simultaneously unconventional by simple clamping force clamping workpiece, but passes through
The compression bar 3 of Extensible and can universal rotational clamping head 18 mutual cooperation, clamp the same of workpiece in the front of clamping head 18
When, multiple compression bars 3 of circumference uniform distribution form one and cavity similar in workpiece interface shape in workpiece periphery, to closely wrap
It wraps up in workpiece and realizes clamping.
3, the workpiece that the present invention is suitable for various cross sectional shapes makes it can be according to workpiece since multiple compression bars 3 are shrinkable
The row shape in section voluntarily adjustment length, strength pressure spring 8 can guarantee that compression bar 3 provides enough clamping forces simultaneously telescopic, and
And the size of clamping force can be adjusted by replacement strength pressure spring 8, to adapt to the different clamping force demand of different operating conditions.
The configuration of the present invention is simple is ingenious, economical and practical, solves small swaged forging bed and lacks effective fixture, needs operator's hand
Hold the inconvenience and danger that fixture is operated, will hold tightly and release movement and the decline of tup rising cleverly combine realization
Linkage, can hold tightly in forging and stamping and release rotates freely workpiece adjustment position when tup rises, convenient to use.