CN107481711B - Method for generating reference tone and scale generator - Google Patents
Method for generating reference tone and scale generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107481711B CN107481711B CN201710549772.4A CN201710549772A CN107481711B CN 107481711 B CN107481711 B CN 107481711B CN 201710549772 A CN201710549772 A CN 201710549772A CN 107481711 B CN107481711 B CN 107481711B
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- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H5/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators
- G10H5/02—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators using generation of basic tones
- G10H5/06—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators using generation of basic tones tones generated by frequency multiplication or division of a basic tone
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a scale generator for generating a reference tone, the method comprising the steps of: generating an initial signal with a preset frequency by an oscillation source; the binary counter processes the initial signal and sends the initial signal to a memory storing frequency division times and frequency division coefficients in an address input mode; and the memory divides the preset frequency according to the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient to obtain the reference tone. According to the method for generating the reference tone and the tone scale generator, the initial signal is divided by using the memory preset with the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient, so that the initial signal is divided by the memory, and the method has the advantages of being simple in frequency division method and high in accuracy of the obtained reference tone scale.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of scale generation, and in particular, to a method for generating a reference tone and a scale generator.
Background
The reference scale is a standard scale with a specific frequency, and at present, there are several methods for generating twelve reference electronic scales as follows:
firstly, a reference tone generator is realized by adopting twelve RC oscillators, and the reference tone generator has poor stability and accuracy and few applications.
And a reference tone generator is realized by adopting twelve LC oscillators, and the reference tone generator has large volume, general stability and reliability and is applied to a small number of electronic organs.
The twelve reference tones are generated by using the same oscillator, twelve groups of different counters and different frequency division times are used for obtaining reference tone frequency signals according to a certain error requirement, and since the reference tones are generated by one oscillation source, the stability is good, but higher precision is required to be obtained, the frequency of the oscillation source is necessarily high, and meanwhile, the frequency division value is increased, generally the main oscillation frequency is 2MHz, and the frequency division coefficient is an integer, so that the precision is reduced, and the high-precision reference tones cannot be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot generate high-precision reference sound, and provides a method for generating the reference sound and a scale generator.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of generating a reference tone comprising the steps of:
step 1, an oscillation source generates an initial signal with a preset frequency;
step 2, a binary counter processes the initial signal and sends the initial signal to a memory storing frequency division times and frequency division coefficients in an address input mode;
and 3, the memory divides the frequency of the preset frequency according to the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient to obtain the reference tone.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for generating the reference tone, the initial signal is divided by using the memory preset with the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient, so that the initial signal is divided by the memory, and the method has the advantages of being simple in frequency division method and high in accuracy of the obtained reference tone.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, before step 1, the method further comprises:
step 3, the processor acquires the storage capacity of the memory, the preset frequency and the frequency of the reference tone to be generated;
and 4, calculating the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient by the processor according to the preset frequency, the storage capacity and the frequency of the reference tone.
Further, step 4 specifically includes:
step 4.1, calculating by the processor according to the preset frequency and the frequency of the reference tone to obtain a frequency division coefficient;
step 4.2, when the frequency division coefficient is a decimal, the processor performs downward rounding and upward rounding on the frequency division coefficient to respectively obtain a first approximate frequency division coefficient and a second approximate frequency division coefficient;
and 4.3, calculating by the processor according to the storage capacity, the first approximate frequency division coefficient and the second approximate frequency division coefficient to obtain a first frequency division frequency corresponding to the first approximate frequency division coefficient and a second frequency division frequency corresponding to the second approximate frequency division coefficient.
Further, in step 4.3, the method specifically comprises:
step 4.3.1, the processor calculates to obtain the total frequency division times according to the storage capacity and the first approximate frequency division coefficient or according to the storage capacity and the second approximate frequency division coefficient;
step 4.3.2, when the total frequency division times are decimal, rounding down to obtain approximate frequency division times;
and 4.3.3, calculating the first frequency division times and the second frequency division times by the processor according to the approximate frequency division times, the storage capacity, the first approximate frequency division coefficient and the second approximate frequency division coefficient.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient are calculated through the steps, so that
Further, the division coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein f iszTo a predetermined frequency, fnB is the frequency of the reference tone and B is the division factor.
Further, the total frequency division number is calculated according to the following formula:
Where M is the storage capacity, b1Is a first approximate division factor, b2And x is the total frequency division number.
Further, the first frequency division number and the second frequency division number are calculated according to the following formulas:
2b1x1+2b2x2＝M，
x1+x2＝x′；
wherein, b1Is a first approximate division factor, b2Is a second approximation of the division factor, x1Is the first frequency division number, x2Is the second frequency division number, M is the storage capacity, and x' is the approximate frequency division number.
Another technical solution of the present invention for solving the above technical problems is as follows:
a scale generator for generating a reference tone using the method of generating a reference tone described in the above-mentioned technical means.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the frequency division device comprises an oscillation source, a binary counter and a memory, wherein the oscillation source is used for generating an initial signal with a preset frequency, the binary counter is used for processing the initial signal and sending the initial signal to the memory in which frequency division times and frequency division coefficients are stored in an address input mode, and the memory is used for dividing the initial frequency according to a pre-stored frequency division coefficient and a corresponding frequency division time to obtain a reference tone.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the scale generator provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in use, and the reference tone obtained by dividing the frequency of the initial signal through the memory has the advantage of high precision.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating a reference tone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a reference tone according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for calculating frequency division times and frequency division coefficients according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scale generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic flowchart of a method for generating a reference tone according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the method includes the following steps:
s101, the oscillation source generates an initial signal with a frequency equal to a preset frequency, where the preset frequency of the initial signal is an integer frequency division requirement that satisfies a memory and in order to reduce an error of the reference tone, the initial signal with a high frequency needs to be used, and for example, the frequency of the initial signal may be 24 MHz.
And S102, processing the initial signal by the binary counter, and sending the initial signal to a memory storing the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient in an address input mode.
And S103, the memory divides the frequency of the preset frequency according to the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient to obtain the reference tone.
The details will be described below.
Binary counter (frequency divider) outputs Q of the counter0、Q1、Q2、…、QnRespectively connected to address input terminal A of a memory with storage capacity M and frequency division coefficient0、A1、A2、…、AnWherein Q is0Is A0Signal frequency of (d), noted as fzUnder the action of the oscillation source, the data output end of the memory circularly outputs the slave address unit A0＝0、A1＝0、A2＝0、…、An0 to A0＝1、A1＝1、A2＝1、…、AnData corresponding to 1.
If the memory is 16-bit data, by properly setting the frequency division coefficient and the frequency division number in the memory,it is possible to let the output port D of the memory0、D1、D2、…、D1512 bits of (D), for example0～D11And correspondingly outputting frequency signals of 12 reference tones.
In the method for generating the reference tone provided by this embodiment, the initial signal is divided by using the memory in which the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient are preset, so that the frequency division of the initial signal by the memory is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, a flowchart of a method for generating a reference tone according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided, as can be seen from the previous embodiment, before the reference tone is generated by a memory, the frequency division number and the frequency division coefficient in the memory need to be set, and therefore, before the reference tone is generated, the method further includes a step of setting the frequency division number and the frequency division coefficient, and therefore, the method specifically includes:
s201, the processor acquires the storage capacity of the memory, the preset frequency and the frequency of the reference tone to be generated.
And S202, calculating by the processor according to the preset frequency, the storage capacity and the frequency of the reference tone to obtain the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient.
S203, the oscillation source generates an initial signal with a preset frequency, where the preset frequency of the initial signal is an integer frequency division requirement that satisfies the memory and the high-frequency initial signal is needed to be used in order to reduce the error of the reference tone.
And S204, processing the initial signal by the binary counter, and sending the initial signal to a memory storing the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient in an address input mode.
And S205, the memory divides the preset frequency according to the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient to obtain the reference tone.
It is understood that steps S201 and S202 are preparation steps before generating the reference tone, and are not included in the conventional step of generating the reference tone.
As shown in fig. 3, a flow chart of a method for calculating frequency division times and frequency division coefficients according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided, where due to technical limitations, a memory cannot store decimal numbers, which is a main reason why a reference tone cannot be generated through the memory at present.
The method comprises the following steps:
s310, the processor acquires the storage capacity M and the preset frequency f of the memoryzAnd the frequency f of the reference tone to be generatedn. For example, the memory can be a 16-bit flash of 256MB, with a memory capacity M of 16777216 and a predetermined frequency fzMay be 24MHz, frequency f of reference tonenWhich may be any one of twelve reference audio frequencies, e.g., 8372 Hz.
S320, the processor is used for processing the signal according to the preset frequency fzMemory capacity M and frequency f of reference tonenAnd calculating to obtain frequency division times and frequency division coefficients.
Specifically, step S320 includes the following steps:
s3201, the processor according to the preset frequency fzAnd frequency f of the reference tonenCalculating to obtain a frequency division coefficient B;
the division factor B obtained here is usually a fractional number.
S3202, when the frequency division coefficient B is a decimal, the processor performs down rounding and up rounding on the frequency division coefficient B to respectively obtain a first approximate frequency division coefficient B1And a second approximate division factor b2；
For example, assume that when the calculated B is 2866.69, the first approximate division coefficient B12866, the second approximate division coefficient b can be taken22867 can be taken, and in order to obtain reasonable frequency division times and frequency division coefficients, the first approximate frequency division coefficient b12866, the second approximationCoefficient b22866 or the first approximate division coefficient b12867, second approximation division factor b22866, or a first approximate division factor b12867, second approximation division factor b22867 was taken.
S3203, the processor divides the frequency according to the memory capacity M and the first approximate frequency division coefficient b1Or according to the memory capacity M and a second approximate division factor b1Calculating to obtain the total frequency division times x;
The total number of frequency divisions here is usually a small number, since M is very large (16777216) and the first approximation division factor b1And a second approximate division factor b2The difference is 1, and therefore, it can be considered that the frequency division coefficient b is divided by the first approximation1The total frequency division number x obtained by calculation and the frequency division coefficient b passing through the second approximation2The total number of frequency divisions x calculated is approximately the same.
For example, when the first approximate division factor b12866, second approximate division factor b22867, the total number of divisions x is calculated to be 2926.939 and 2925.918, respectively.
S3204, when the total frequency division times x are decimal, rounding down to obtain approximate frequency division times x';
here by a first approximation of the division factor b1For example, the total number of divisions x is calculated, and 2926.939 rounds down to obtain an approximate number of divisions x' of 2926.
S3205, the processor divides the frequency x', the storage capacity M and the first approximate frequency division coefficient b according to the approximate frequency1And a second approximate division factor b2Calculating to obtain a first frequency division number x1And a second frequency-dividing number x2；
First frequency division number x1And a second frequency-dividing number x2Can pass through the following twoSolving the following formulas:
2b1x1+2b2x2＝M，
x1+x2＝x′；
through calculation, the first frequency division number x can be obtained1And a second frequency-dividing number x2The integer solution of (2).
The invention is illustrated below with reference to a calculation example.
The frequencies of the twelve reference tones are respectively f1＝8372Hz，f2＝7902.12Hz，f3＝7458.6Hz，f4＝7040Hz，f5＝6644.84Hz，f6＝6271.92Hz，f7＝5919.92Hz，f8＝5587.64Hz，f9＝5274.4Hz，f10＝4978.04Hz，f11＝4698.64Hz，f124434.92Hz, the reference tone f is calculated below1For example, the calculation process is explained in detail, and the brief calculation process of the rest reference tones is given.
Reference tone f1The calculation process of the division coefficient and the division times is as follows:
firstly, calculating a frequency division coefficient B:
fz/f1＝24000000Hz/8372Hz＝2866.69；
then rounding down the frequency division coefficient B to obtain B12866, and then rounding up the frequency division coefficient B to obtain B2＝2867；
And then calculating the total frequency division times x:
x＝M/2b1＝16777216/(2*2866)＝2926.939；
then, the total frequency division number x is rounded to obtain an approximate frequency division number x' 2926;
then, the first frequency division times x are calculated1And a second frequency-dividing number x2：
x1+x2＝2926；
2*2866*x1+2*2867*x2＝16777216；
The two equations are combined to obtain x1＝234，x2＝2692。
After the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient are obtained, the initial signal can be subjected to frequency division to obtain a reference tone, and the following two frequencies output according to the corresponding frequency division times are obtained respectively:
f1′＝24000000Hz/2866＝8374.04Hz；
f1″＝24000000Hz/2867＝8371.12Hz；
it can be seen that compared with the frequency 8372Hz of the reference tone, the error is very small, and the requirement of high precision can be met.
The following is combined with the working principle of the memory according to x1234 and x22692 divides the initial signal to obtain a reference tone f1The method of (3) is explained in detail.
F corresponding to addresses consecutive from 0 in the memory1Among the output bits, are stored successively 2866 (i.e., b)1) A "1", followed by 2866 "0" s in succession, and 234 times in successive cycles (i.e., x)1) Then, 2867 "1" s are continuously stored, 2867 "0" s are continuously stored, and 2692 times of continuous cycle storage (i.e. x2) At this point, 16777216 cells of the memory are filled, so that the initial signal can be divided by the memory to obtain the reference tone f1It is used.
The frequency division times and the frequency division coefficients of other reference tones are calculated in the same way.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a scale generator according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the scale generator includes: the frequency division device comprises an oscillation source 41, a binary counter 42 and a memory 43, wherein the oscillation source 41 is used for generating an initial signal with a preset frequency, the binary counter 42 is used for processing the initial signal and sending the initial signal to the memory 43 storing frequency division times and frequency division coefficients in an address input mode, and the memory 43 is used for dividing the initial frequency according to a pre-stored frequency division coefficient and a corresponding frequency division time to obtain a reference tone.
A processor 44 is also preferably included for setting the division factor and the division number of the memory 43 according to the steps in the method embodiment.
The reader should understand that in the description of this specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of generating a reference tone, comprising the steps of:
step 1, an oscillation source generates an initial signal with a preset frequency;
step 2, a binary counter processes the initial signal and sends the initial signal to a memory storing frequency division times and frequency division coefficients in an address input mode;
step 3, the memory divides the frequency of the preset frequency according to the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient to obtain a reference tone;
before step 1, the method further comprises the following steps:
step 41, the processor acquires the storage capacity of the memory, the preset frequency and the frequency of the reference tone to be generated;
step 42, the processor calculates the frequency division times and the frequency division coefficient according to the preset frequency, the storage capacity and the frequency of the reference tone;
step 42 specifically includes:
step 4.1, calculating by the processor according to the preset frequency and the frequency of the reference tone to obtain a frequency division coefficient;
step 4.2, when the frequency division coefficient is a decimal, the processor performs downward rounding and upward rounding on the frequency division coefficient to respectively obtain a first approximate frequency division coefficient and a second approximate frequency division coefficient;
step 4.3, the processor calculates and obtains a first frequency division frequency corresponding to the first approximate frequency division coefficient and a second frequency division frequency corresponding to the second approximate frequency division coefficient according to the storage capacity, the first approximate frequency division coefficient and the second approximate frequency division coefficient;
in step 3, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
continuously storing 1 of the first approximate frequency division coefficient in number in the reference tone output bits corresponding to addresses which are continuous from 0 in the memory, and then continuously storing 0 of the first approximate frequency division coefficient in number, wherein the number of continuous cyclic storage is the first frequency division number; then continuously storing 1 of the second approximate frequency division coefficient, and then continuously storing 0 of the second approximate frequency division coefficient, wherein the continuous cycle storage times are the second frequency division times; and after the storage is finished, the initial signal is subjected to frequency division through the storage to obtain a reference tone.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 4.3, it comprises in particular:
step 4.3.1, the processor calculates to obtain the total frequency division times according to the storage capacity and the first approximate frequency division coefficient or according to the storage capacity and the second approximate frequency division coefficient;
step 4.3.2, when the total frequency division times are decimal, rounding down to obtain approximate frequency division times;
and 4.3.3, calculating the first frequency division times and the second frequency division times by the processor according to the approximate frequency division times, the storage capacity, the first approximate frequency division coefficient and the second approximate frequency division coefficient.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the division factor is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein f iszTo a predetermined frequency, fnB is the frequency of the reference tone and B is the division factor.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the total number of divisions is calculated according to the following formula:
Where M is the storage capacity, b1Is a first approximate division factor, b2And x is the total frequency division number.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first number of divisions and the second number of divisions are calculated according to the following formulas:
2b1x1+2b2x2＝M，
x1+x2＝x′；
wherein x is1Is as followsA frequency division number, x2Is the second frequency division number, M is the storage capacity, and x' is the approximate frequency division number.
6. A scale generator for generating a reference tone using the reference tone generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The scale generator as claimed in claim 6, comprising: the frequency division device comprises an oscillation source, a binary counter and a memory, wherein the oscillation source is used for generating an initial signal with a preset frequency, the binary counter is used for processing the initial signal and sending the initial signal to the memory in which frequency division times and frequency division coefficients are stored in an address input mode, and the memory is used for dividing the initial frequency according to a pre-stored frequency division coefficient and a corresponding frequency division time to obtain a reference tone.
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