CN107481711A - A kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note - Google Patents

A kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note Download PDF

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CN107481711A
CN107481711A CN201710549772.4A CN201710549772A CN107481711A CN 107481711 A CN107481711 A CN 107481711A CN 201710549772 A CN201710549772 A CN 201710549772A CN 107481711 A CN107481711 A CN 107481711A
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frequency
divide ratio
approximate
frequency dividing
memory
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CN107481711B (en
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武晓愚
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H5/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators
    • G10H5/02—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators using generation of basic tones
    • G10H5/06—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators using generation of basic tones tones generated by frequency multiplication or division of a basic tone

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note, this method comprises the following steps：Oscillation source produces the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency；Binary counter is handled initial signal, and initial signal is sent to the memory for being stored with frequency dividing number and divide ratio in a manner of address inputs；Memory divides according to frequency dividing number and divide ratio to predeterminated frequency, obtains reference note.A kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note provided by the invention, initial signal is divided by using the memory for being previously provided with frequency dividing number and divide ratio, realize and initial signal is divided by memory, the advantages of simple with dividing method, and obtained benchmark scale precision is high.

Description

A kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note
Technical field
The present invention relates to scale to occur field, more particularly to a kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note.
Background technology
Reference note is the standard scale for having specific frequency, at present, produce 12 reference electronic scales method just like Under it is several：
First, baseline tone generator, the stability and standard of this benchmark scale generator are realized using 12 RC oscillators True property is all poor, using seldom.
2nd, baseline tone generator is realized using 12 LC oscillators, the volume of this benchmark scale generator is big, and surely Qualitative and reliability is general, there is a small amount of application in electronic organ.
3rd, baseline tone generator is realized using secondary frequency dividing method, in this way, 12 reference notes use same Oscillator is produced, and by 12 groups of different counters and different frequency dividing numbers, reference note is obtained by certain error requirements Order frequency signal, due to all producing reference note by an oscillation source, therefore its stability is preferable, but wants to obtain higher essence Degree, the frequency of oscillation source must be high, while also increases frequency dividing numerical value, and usually master oscillator frequenc is 2MHz, divide ratio It round numbers, can so cause precision to reduce, high-precision reference note can not be produced.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that the deficiency of high precision reference sound can not be produced for prior art, there is provided A kind of method and scale generator for generating reference note.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of method for generating reference note, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, oscillation source produces the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency；
Step 2, binary counter is handled the initial signal, the side that the initial signal is inputted with address Formula is sent to the memory for being stored with frequency dividing number and divide ratio；
Step 3, memory divides according to the frequency dividing number and the divide ratio to the predeterminated frequency, obtains Reference note.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of method for generating reference note provided by the invention, by using pre-setting The memory for having frequency dividing number and divide ratio divides to initial signal, realizes and initial signal is carried out by memory The advantages of frequency dividing, has that dividing method is simple, and obtained benchmark scale precision is high.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, before step 1, in addition to：
Step 3, processor obtains the benchmark caused by memory capacity, the predeterminated frequency and the needs of the memory The frequency of sound；
Step 4, processor is calculated according to the frequency of the predeterminated frequency, the memory capacity and the reference note The frequency dividing number and the divide ratio.
Further, in step 4, specifically include：
Step 4.1, divide ratio is calculated according to the frequency of the predeterminated frequency and the reference note in processor；
Step 4.2, when the divide ratio is decimal, processor carries out rounding and upwards downwards to the divide ratio Round, respectively obtain the first approximate divide ratio and the second approximate divide ratio；
Step 4.3, processor is according to the memory capacity, the first approximate divide ratio and the second approximate frequency dividing Coefficient, the first frequency dividing number corresponding to divide ratio approximate with described first, and frequency dividing approximate with described second is calculated Second frequency dividing number corresponding to coefficient.
Further, in step 4.3, specifically include：
Step 4.3.1, processor is according to the memory capacity and the first approximate divide ratio, or according to the storage Capacity and the second approximate divide ratio, are calculated total score frequency number；
Step 4.3.2, when the total score frequency number is decimal, round to obtain approximate frequency dividing number downwards；
Step 4.3.3, processor are according to approximate number, the memory capacity, the first approximate frequency dividing of dividing Number and the described second approximate divide ratio, the first frequency dividing number and the second frequency dividing number is calculated.
It is using the above-mentioned further beneficial effect of scheme：Frequency dividing number and divide ratio are calculated by above-mentioned steps, can So that
Further, the divide ratio is calculated according to below equation：
Wherein, fzFor predeterminated frequency, fnOn the basis of sound frequency, B is divide ratio.
Further, the total score frequency number is calculated according to below equation：
Or
Wherein, M is memory capacity, b1For the first approximate divide ratio, b2For the second approximate divide ratio, x is the total score frequency Number.
Further, the first frequency dividing number and the second frequency dividing number are calculated according to below equation：
2b1x1+2b2x2=M,
x1+x2=x '；
Wherein, b1For the first approximate divide ratio, b2For the second approximate divide ratio, x1For the first frequency dividing number, x2For Two divided-frequency number, M are memory capacity, and x ' is approximate frequency dividing number.
The another technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of scale generator, reference note is produced using the method for the generation reference note described in above-mentioned technical proposal.
Specifically include：Oscillation source, binary counter and memory, it is predeterminated frequency that the oscillation source, which is used to produce frequency, Initial signal, the binary counter be used for the initial signal is handled, the initial signal is defeated with address The mode entered is sent to the memory for being stored with frequency dividing number and divide ratio, and the memory is used for according to the frequency dividing system to prestore Number and corresponding frequency dividing number divide to the original frequency, obtain reference note.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of scale generator provided by the invention, have it is simple in construction, it is easy to use Advantage, and initial signal is divided by memory, obtained reference note has the advantages of precision is high.
The advantages of aspect that the present invention adds, will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description Obtain substantially, or recognized by present invention practice.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of method for generating reference note provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the method for generation reference note that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of calculating that another embodiment of the present invention provides divides number and the flow chart of divide ratio method；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation for scale generator that another embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, it is a kind of schematic flow sheet for the method for generating reference note provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in the party In method, comprise the following steps：
S101, oscillation source produce the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency, and the predeterminated frequency of initial signal here is full The integral frequency divisioil requirement of sufficient memory and in order to reduce the error of reference note, it is necessary to using high-frequency initial signal, for example, The frequency of initial signal can be 24MHz.
S102, binary counter are handled initial signal, and initial signal is sent in a manner of address inputs It is stored with the memory of frequency dividing number and divide ratio.
S103, memory divide according to frequency dividing number and divide ratio to predeterminated frequency, obtain reference note.
It is specifically described below.
Output Q of the binary counter (frequency divider) counter0、Q1、Q2、…、Qn, in a manner of being inputted respectively by address It is connected to address input end A of the memory capacity for having divide ratio and frequency dividing number for M memory0、A1、A2、…、An, Wherein, Q0It is exactly A0Signal frequency, be designated as fz, in the presence of oscillation source, the data output end of the memory will be cyclically Export from address location A0=0, A1=0, A2=0 ..., An=0 to A0=1, A1=1, A2=1 ..., AnNumber corresponding to=1 According to.
If the memory is 16 data, by rationally setting divide ratio and frequency dividing number in memory, just It can allow the output port D of memory0、D1、D2、…、D15In 12, for example, can be D0~D1112 benchmark of corresponding output The frequency signal of sound.
A kind of method for generation reference note that the present embodiment provides, it is by using being previously provided with frequency dividing number and dividing Several memories divide to initial signal, realize and initial signal is divided by memory, have dividing method Simply, the advantages of and obtained benchmark scale precision is high.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of flow chart of the method for the generation reference note provided for another embodiment of the present invention, from upper one In embodiment as can be seen that, it is necessary to be to the frequency dividing number in memory and frequency dividing before reference note is produced by memory Number is configured, and therefore, before reference note is produced, in addition to sets the step of dividing number and divide ratio, therefore, the party Method specifically includes：
S201, processor obtain the frequency of reference note caused by memory capacity, predeterminated frequency and the needs of memory.
Frequency dividing number and frequency dividing is calculated according to the frequency of predeterminated frequency, memory capacity and reference note in S202, processor Coefficient.
S203, oscillation source produce the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency, and the predeterminated frequency of initial signal here is full The integral frequency divisioil of sufficient memory requires and in order to reduce the error of reference note, it is necessary to using high-frequency initial signal.
S204, binary counter are handled initial signal, and initial signal is sent in a manner of address inputs It is stored with the memory of frequency dividing number and divide ratio.
S205, memory divide according to frequency dividing number and divide ratio to predeterminated frequency, obtain reference note.
It is appreciated that wherein step S201 and S202 is the preparation process before reference note is produced, generation is not included in Within the conventional steps of reference note.
As shown in figure 3, divide number and the stream of divide ratio method for a kind of calculating that another embodiment of the present invention provides Cheng Tu, due to technical limitation, memory can not store decimal, and this is the master that can not produce reference note by memory at present Reason is wanted, it can be seen from above-described embodiment that how reasonably to set the divide ratio of memory and frequency dividing number is difficult point, Therefore, below to setting the method for divide ratio and frequency dividing number in memory to be described in detail.
This method comprises the following steps：
S310, processor obtain memory capacity M, the predeterminated frequency f of memoryzWith needs caused by reference note frequency fn。 For example, memory can be 256MB 16 flash, its memory capacity M is 16777216, predeterminated frequency fzCan be 24MHz, the frequency f of reference notenCan be any one in 12 benchmark voice frequencies, such as 8372Hz.
S320, processor is according to predeterminated frequency fz, memory capacity M and reference note frequency fn, be calculated frequency dividing number and Divide ratio.
Specifically, comprise the following steps in step S320：
S3201, processor is according to predeterminated frequency fzWith the frequency f of reference noten, divide ratio B is calculated；
Here the divide ratio B obtained is usually decimal.
S3202, when divide ratio B is decimal, processor is rounded and rounded up downwards to divide ratio B, point The first approximate divide ratio b is not obtained1The approximate divide ratio b with second2；
For example, it is assumed that when the B being calculated is 2866.69, the first approximate divide ratio b1Can takes 2866, second Approximate divide ratio b2Can takes 2867, for ease of obtaining reasonably dividing number and divide ratio, the first approximate frequency dividing system Number b12866 can also be taken, the second approximate divide ratio b2It can also take 2866, or, the first approximate divide ratio b1Take 2867, Second approximate divide ratio b2Take 2866, or, the first approximate divide ratio b12867 are taken, the second approximate divide ratio b2Take 2867。
S3203, processor is according to the approximate divide ratio b of memory capacity M and first1, or it is near according to memory capacity M and second Like divide ratio b1, total score frequency number x is calculated；
Or
Here total score frequency number is usually decimal, because M is very big (16777216), and the first approximate divide ratio b1 The approximate divide ratio b with second2Difference 1, it is therefore contemplated that passing through the first approximate divide ratio b1The total frequency dividing being calculated Number x and pass through the second approximate divide ratio b2The total score frequency number x being calculated is approximately the same.
For example, as the first approximate divide ratio b12866 are taken, the second approximate divide ratio b2When taking 2867, by calculating, always It is respectively 2926.939 and 2925.918 to divide number x.
S3204, when total score frequency number x is decimal, round to obtain approximate frequency dividing number x ' downwards；
Here to pass through the first approximate divide ratio b1Exemplified by the total score frequency number x being calculated, 2926.939 take downwards It is whole to obtain the approximate number x ' that divides as 2926.
S3205, processor is according to approximation frequency dividing number x ', memory capacity M, the first approximate divide ratio b1It is approximate with second Divide ratio b2, the first frequency dividing number x is calculated1With the second frequency dividing number x2；
First frequency dividing number x1With the second frequency dividing number x2Following two formula simultaneous solutions can be passed through：
2b1x1+2b2x2=M,
x1+x2=x '；
By calculating, it is possible to obtain the first frequency dividing number x1With the second frequency dividing number x2Integer solution.
With reference to calculated examples, the present invention will be described.
The frequency of 12 reference notes is respectively f1=8372Hz, f2=7902.12Hz, f3=7458.6Hz, f4= 7040Hz, f5=6644.84Hz, f6=6271.92Hz, f7=5919.92Hz, f8=5587.64Hz, f9=5274.4Hz, f10 =4978.04Hz, f11=4698.64Hz, f12=4434.92Hz, below with calculating benchmark sound f1Exemplified by, calculating process is carried out Describe in detail, and provide the brief calculation process of remaining reference note.
Reference note f1Divide coefficient and frequency dividing number calculating process：
First calculate divide ratio B：
fz/f1=24000000Hz/8372Hz=2866.69；
Divide ratio B is rounded downwards again, obtains b1=2866, then divide ratio B is rounded up, obtain b2=2867；
Total score frequency number x is calculated again：
X=M/2b1=16777216/ (2*2866)=2926.939；
Total score frequency number x is rounded again, obtains approximate frequency dividing number x '=2926；
The first frequency dividing number x is calculated again1With the second frequency dividing number x2：
x1+x2=2926；
2*2866*x1+2*2867*x2=16777216；
Simultaneous above-mentioned two equation, solves x1=234, x2=2692.
Obtain after dividing number and divide ratio, it is possible to initial signal is divided to obtain reference note, respectively To following two frequencies by corresponding frequency dividing number output：
f1'=24000000Hz/2866=8374.04Hz；
f1"=24000000Hz/2867=8371.12Hz；
It can be seen that compared with the frequency 8372Hz of reference note, error very little, high-precision requirement can be reached.
With reference to the operation principle of memory, to according to x1=234 and x2=2692 pairs of initial signals are divided to obtain Reference note f1Method be described in detail.
In memory since 0 f corresponding to continuous address1In carry-out bit, 2866 (i.e. b are continuously stored in1) individual " 1 ", then Continuous deposit 2866 " 0 ", 234 (i.e. x of continuous circulation deposit1), then continuous deposit 2867 " 1 ", then continuous deposit 2867 " 0 ", 2692 (i.e. x of continuous circulation deposit2), at this moment, 16777216 units of memory are filled with, so, just Initial signal can be divided by memory, obtain reference note f1.
The frequency dividing number of other reference notes and the calculating process of divide ratio are similarly.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of structural representation of the scale generator provided for another embodiment of the present invention, scale hair Raw device includes：Oscillation source 41, binary counter 42 and memory 43, oscillation source 41 are used to produce frequency for the first of predeterminated frequency Beginning signal, binary counter 42 are used to handle initial signal, and initial signal is sent in a manner of address inputs The memory 43 of frequency dividing number and divide ratio is stored with, memory 43 is used for according to the divide ratio and corresponding frequency dividing to prestore Number divides to original frequency, obtains reference note.
Preferably, processor 44 can also be included, point of memory 43 is set for the step in embodiment of the method Frequency coefficient and frequency dividing number.
Reader should be understood that in the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " show The description of example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. mean to combine the specific features of the embodiment or example description, structure, Material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, above-mentioned term is shown The statement of meaning property need not be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description It can be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or example.In addition, in the case of not conflicting, this The technical staff in field can be by the different embodiments or example described in this specification and the spy of different embodiments or example Sign is combined and combined.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience of description and succinctly, the dress of foregoing description The specific work process with unit is put, the corresponding process in preceding method embodiment is may be referred to, will not be repeated here.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed apparatus and method, it can be passed through Its mode is realized.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the division of unit, is only A kind of division of logic function, can there is an other dividing mode when actually realizing, for example, multiple units or component can combine or Person is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or does not perform.
The unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be physically separate, be shown as unit Part can be or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple networks On unit.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize the mesh of scheme of the embodiment of the present invention according to the actual needs 's.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can also It is that unit is individually physically present or two or more units are integrated in a unit.It is above-mentioned integrated Unit can both be realized in the form of hardware, can also be realized in the form of SFU software functional unit.
If integrated unit is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and is used as independent production marketing or in use, can To be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding, technical scheme substantially or Say that the part to be contributed to prior art, or all or part of the technical scheme can be embodied in the form of software product Out, the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are causing a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or network equipment etc.) performs all or part of each embodiment method of the present invention Step.And foregoing storage medium includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-OnlyMemory), deposit at random Access to memory (RAM, RandomAccessMemory), magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with the medium of store program codes.
More than, it is only embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any to be familiar with Those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be readily occurred in, These modifications or substitutions should be all included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be wanted with right The protection domain asked is defined.

Claims (9)

  1. A kind of 1. method for generating reference note, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    Step 1, oscillation source produces the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency；
    Step 2, binary counter is handled the initial signal, and the initial signal is sent out in a manner of address inputs Give the memory for being stored with frequency dividing number and divide ratio；
    Step 3, memory divides according to the frequency dividing number and the divide ratio to the predeterminated frequency, obtains benchmark Sound.
  2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that before step 1, in addition to：
    Step 3, processor obtains the reference note caused by memory capacity, the predeterminated frequency and the needs of the memory Frequency；
    Step 4, processor is calculated described according to the frequency of the predeterminated frequency, the memory capacity and the reference note Divide number and the divide ratio.
  3. 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 4, specifically include：
    Step 4.1, divide ratio is calculated according to the frequency of the predeterminated frequency and the reference note in processor；
    Step 4.2, when the divide ratio is decimal, processor to the divide ratio round downwards and taken upwards It is whole, respectively obtain the first approximate divide ratio and the second approximate divide ratio；
    Step 4.3, processor is according to the memory capacity, the first approximate divide ratio and the second approximate frequency dividing system Number, the first frequency dividing number corresponding to divide ratio approximate with described first, and frequency dividing system approximate with described second is calculated Second frequency dividing number corresponding to number.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that in step 4.3, specifically include：
    Step 4.3.1, processor is according to the memory capacity and the first approximate divide ratio, or according to the memory capacity The approximate divide ratio with described second, total score frequency number is calculated；
    Step 4.3.2, when the total score frequency number is decimal, round to obtain approximate frequency dividing number downwards；
    Step 4.3.3, processor according to it is described it is approximate divide number, the memory capacity, the first approximate divide ratio and The second approximate divide ratio, the first frequency dividing number and the second frequency dividing number is calculated.
  5. 5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the divide ratio is calculated according to below equation：
    <mrow> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mn>11</mn> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    Wherein, fzFor predeterminated frequency, fnOn the basis of sound frequency, B is divide ratio.
  6. 6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the total score frequency number is calculated according to below equation：
    Or
    Wherein, M is memory capacity, b1For the first approximate divide ratio, b2For the second approximate divide ratio, x is total score frequency number.
  7. 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the first frequency dividing number and institute are calculated according to below equation State the second frequency dividing number：
    2b1x1+2b2x2=M,
    x1+x2=x '；
    Wherein, b1For the first approximate divide ratio, b2For the second approximate divide ratio, x1For the first frequency dividing number, x2For second point Frequency number, M are memory capacity, and x ' is approximate frequency dividing number.
  8. 8. a kind of scale generator, it is characterised in that use the reference note generation side as any one of claim 1 to 7 Method produces reference note.
  9. 9. scale generator according to claim 8, it is characterised in that including：Oscillation source, binary counter and storage Device, the oscillation source are used to produce the initial signal that frequency is predeterminated frequency, and the binary counter is used for described initial Signal is handled, and the initial signal is sent in a manner of address inputs and is stored with frequency dividing number and divide ratio is deposited Reservoir, the memory are used to divide the original frequency according to the divide ratio and corresponding frequency dividing number that prestore, Obtain reference note.
CN201710549772.4A 2017-07-07 2017-07-07 Method for generating reference tone and scale generator Active CN107481711B (en)

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陈绍宽 等: "NCO的研究及其FPGA实现", 《仪表技术》 *

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