CN107479216B - Thermochromic element, thermochromic actuator, and plant protection device - Google Patents
Thermochromic element, thermochromic actuator, and plant protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107479216B CN107479216B CN201710749692.3A CN201710749692A CN107479216B CN 107479216 B CN107479216 B CN 107479216B CN 201710749692 A CN201710749692 A CN 201710749692A CN 107479216 B CN107479216 B CN 107479216B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0102—Constructional details, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermosensitive color-changing element, a thermosensitive color-changing actuator and a plant protection device, wherein the thermosensitive color-changing element comprises a first substrate with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, a thermosensitive color-changing layer arranged on the second surface and a photothermal absorption layer arranged on the second surface or the first surface, the thermosensitive color-changing layer changes color when being heated to a first temperature and recovers color when being cooled to a second temperature, and the thermosensitive color-changing layer can change color repeatedly, so that the thermosensitive color-changing actuator can be recycled and saves energy, the thermosensitive color-changing actuator comprises a first substrate with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, a thermosensitive color-changing layer and a photothermal absorption layer which are arranged on the second surface and a second substrate which is laminated with the first substrate, the thermal expansion coefficient of the second substrate is larger than that of the first substrate, when light is irradiated on the second surface of the first substrate, the periphery of the thermosensitive color-changing actuator bends towards the direction departing from the light irradiation, the thermosensitive color-changing actuator forms a protection space and can be used as a plant protection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of temperature sensing devices, in particular to a thermosensitive color-changing element, a thermosensitive color-changing actuator and a plant protection device.
Background
The traditional thermosensitive material changes color after temperature change, but the color can not be recovered, so the traditional thermosensitive material is a disposable material, can not be recycled, and is easy to cause resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a thermochromic element, a thermochromic actuator and a plant protection device, which can solve the problem that the conventional thermosensitive material is disposable and cannot be recycled.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a thermochromic element, comprising:
a first substrate having opposing first and second surfaces;
a thermochromic layer disposed on the second surface;
the photothermal absorption layer is arranged on the first surface or the second surface, and the thermosensitive color-changing layer changes color when being heated to the first temperature and recovers the color when being cooled to the second temperature.
In one embodiment, when the photothermal absorption layer and the thermosensitive color-changing layer are both arranged on the second surface, the thermosensitive color-changing layer and the photothermal absorption layer are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate in a splicing manner.
In one embodiment, the thermosensitive color-changing layer and the photothermal absorption layer are alternately spliced.
In one embodiment, a plurality of first bubbles are disposed inside the photothermal absorption layer.
In one embodiment, the thermochromic layer contains an electron donating compound, an electron accepting compound, and an organic solvent.
In one embodiment, the photothermal absorption layer is composed of more than one of graphene, graphene oxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, tungsten oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, and silver nanoparticles.
A thermosensitive color-changing actuator is made of the thermosensitive color-changing element, and comprises:
a first substrate having opposing first and second surfaces;
a photothermal absorbing layer;
the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer changes color when the temperature is raised to a first temperature and recovers the color when the temperature is lowered to a second temperature;
the thermosensitive color-changing layer and the photothermal absorption layer are both arranged on the second surface;
the thermochromic actuator further includes: and the second base body is laminated with the first base body, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the second base body is larger than that of the first base body.
In one embodiment, a plurality of second bubbles are arranged at intervals in the second substrate, and the plurality of second bubbles form a bubble layer which extends along a direction parallel to the surface of the second substrate.
In one embodiment, the first substrate has a coefficient of wet expansion that is greater than a coefficient of wet expansion of the second substrate.
In one embodiment, a capillary network is disposed within the first matrix; at least part of the surface of the first substrate is exposed, and the exposed part of the surface of the first substrate is provided with a heat conduction component which is connected with the capillary network.
In one embodiment, a surface of the second substrate remote from the thermochromic element is provided with a corrugated structure.
When light shines on the second surface, the periphery of the thermosensitive color-changing actuator is bent towards the direction away from the light, so that the thermosensitive color-changing actuator forms a protective space.
The photothermal absorption layer of the thermochromic element provided by the invention can absorb heat, in addition, the heat absorbed by the photothermal absorption layer can be quickly transmitted to the thermochromic layer, so that the temperature of the thermochromic layer is raised, the thermochromic layer can change color at a first temperature, and the color can be recovered when the temperature is reduced to a second temperature lower than the first temperature, and the thermochromic layer can change color repeatedly, so that the thermochromic element can be recycled, and energy is saved. It can be used as protecting device for plants with good yin.
Drawings
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a thermochromic component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a thermochromic member provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of a thermosensitive color-changing layer and a photothermal absorption layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention on a side of a first substrate;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a thermochromic layer and a photothermal absorption layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention on a side of a first substrate;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a thermochromic actuator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a thermochromic actuator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the deformation of a thermochromic actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a structural view of a second substrate disposed on the surface of the alternately-spliced thermochromic layer and photothermal absorption layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural view of a plant protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, the main reference symbols in fig. 1 to 9 are as follows:
the thermochromic device 10, the first substrate 100, the first surface 110, the second surface 120, the capillary network 130, the heat conducting member 140, the mixed layer 200, the thermochromic layer 210, the photothermal absorbing layer 220, the first air bubbles 221, the thermochromic actuator 20, the second substrate 300, the second air bubbles 310, the corrugated structure 320, the plant protection device 30, the top cover 400, and the shielding plate 500.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more apparent, the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided, and it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not restrictive.
As shown in fig. 1 or 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 10, wherein the thermochromic element 10 includes a first substrate 100, a thermochromic layer 210, and a photothermal absorption layer 220, the first substrate 100 has a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 opposite to each other, the thermochromic layer 210 is attached to the second surface 120, the photothermal absorption layer 220 is attached to the second surface 120 or the first surface 110, and the thermochromic layer 210 changes color when the temperature is increased to a first temperature and returns to the second temperature.
In addition, the first substrate 100 may be used to support the thermochromic element 10, the first substrate 100 may be a sheet-shaped structure, the first substrate 100 may have a certain strength, the first substrate 100 may be an organic material having a certain flexibility, or an inorganic material having a certain toughness, and the first substrate 100 may also be a sheet-shaped substrate made of natural fibers or artificial fibers.
As one embodiment of the thermochromic layer 210, the thermochromic layer 210 may be composed of a composition containing an electron donating compound, an electron accepting compound, and an organic solvent. Wherein the organic solvent can be a diester formed by carboxylic acid containing benzene rings and dihydric alcohol or a diester formed by the dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic alcohol containing the benzene rings, and the composition is in a colored state at normal temperature. The composition undergoes a color-reducing reaction when heated to or above a first temperature, the composition loses color and ceases to heat and no longer recovers color, and the color recovers when the color-reduced composition is placed at or below a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is lower than the first temperature, and the process of color reduction and color recovery of the combination house can be repeated. As an example, the first temperature is 55 to 60 ℃, the second temperature is-8 to-10 ℃, and the thermochromic layer 210 is made of the composition, so the thermochromic layer 210 may have the above properties, the composition may be a liquid, and the liquid is coated on the first substrate 100 and dried to form the thermochromic layer 210.
The photo-thermal absorbing layer 220 is used to convert light energy into heat energy and transfer the heat energy to the thermochromic layer 210 to change the color of the thermochromic layer 210. As one example, the photothermal absorption layer 220 may be made of graphene, graphene oxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, tungsten oxide nanoparticles, or a combination of any two or more thereof. The photo-thermal absorbing layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 may be coated on both sides of the first substrate 100 or the photo-thermal absorbing layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 may also be coated on one side of the first substrate 100. It is understood that the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 may be mixed on one side of the first substrate 100 to form the mixed layer 200, and the composition constituting the thermochromic layer 210 may be sufficiently mixed and then applied to the first substrate 100. The light and heat absorbing layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 may also be attached to the first substrate 100 by regions, respectively.
When the thermochromic member 10 is illuminated, the photothermal absorption layer 220 can rapidly absorb light energy and convert the light energy into heat energy. The thermochromic layer 210 increases in temperature upon receiving thermal energy. The color changes when the temperature of the thermochromic layer 210 is increased to the first temperature. And the color is recovered when the temperature is reduced to the second temperature. In one embodiment, the thermochromic layer 210 is blue in a primary color and turns white after a first temperature. The thermochromic member 10 returns to blue after the temperature is decreased to the second temperature. The thermochromic element 10 can maintain the color and state after color change for a long time after color change, and can be reused after color recovery, so that the thermochromic element 10 can be reused, and energy is saved.
As shown in fig. 3 or 4, as one of the embodiments of the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210, the mixed layer 200 is formed when both the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 are attached to the second surface 120.
When the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 are both disposed on the second surface 120, the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 are spliced on the second surface 120 of the first substrate 100. The thermochromic layer 210 may have a specific shape, such as a rectangle or a polygon. The photothermal absorption layer 220 may be shaped to correspond to the thermochromic layer 210 such that the boundaries of the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 may be seamlessly joined to form a complete plane. It is understood that the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 may be spliced to each other in various patterns to form the hybrid layer 200. Preferably, the splicing line between the photo and heat absorbing layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 is long to increase the area of the photo and heat absorbing layer 220 transferring heat to the thermochromic layer 210. Further, the photothermal absorption layer 220 may have a small area, and the thermochromic layer 210 may have a large area. The thermochromic layer 210 may be discolored to form various patterns by changing different illumination regions. Writing can be performed on the surface of the mixed layer 200 by irradiation of a linear light source. Since the photothermal absorption layer 220 may have a dark color, the photothermal absorption layer 220 may affect the visual effect after the mixed layer 200 is patterned on the surface. It is possible to make the photothermal absorption layer 220 have a smaller area and a longer stitching line with the thermochromic layer 210, and to make the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210 have a greater stitching density to reduce the influence of the dark color of the photothermal absorption layer 220 on the vision when a person views the surface pattern of the hybrid layer 200.
As an embodiment of the photothermal absorption layer 220 and the thermochromic layer 210, the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 are alternately spliced, and the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 are in the form of a strip, wherein the strip-shaped thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 are alternately spliced with each other. The thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 in the form of a strip alternately spliced with each other may have a longer contact boundary to increase a heat exchange area. Preferably, the width of the light and heat absorbing layer 220 is significantly smaller than the width of the thermochromic layer 210. This arrangement can reduce the effect of the photothermal absorption layer 220 on the visual sense when the mixed layer 200 is viewed as a whole. In one embodiment, the ratio of the width of the thermochromic layer 210 to the width of the photothermal absorption layer 220 is 10: 1.
Further, a plurality of first bubbles 221 are disposed inside the photothermal absorption layer 220. The first bubbles 221 may be made of an organic transparent material. The first bubbles 221 may be embedded inside the light and heat absorbing layer 220 during the formation of the light and heat absorbing layer 220. It is understood that the first bubbles 221 may be formed by introducing gas into the light and heat absorbing layer 220 during the formation of the light and heat absorbing layer 220, and preferably, the first bubbles 221 have a diameter of 5 to 10 μm. The first bubbles 221 are oval in the photothermal absorption layer 220 in a normal state, and are pressed against each other. Thus, the light and heat absorbing layer 220 is darker in color when viewed from a macroscopic perspective. When the light and heat absorption layer 220 absorbs heat after being exposed to light, the light and heat absorption layer 220 transfers heat to the first bubble 221. The temperature inside the first bubble 221 increases and the air begins to expand so that the first bubble 221 begins to increase. Meanwhile, the photo-thermal absorbing layer 220 transfers heat to the thermochromic layer 210 so that the thermochromic layer 210 changes color by increasing the temperature. The color change starts when the temperature of the thermochromic layer 210 rises to the first temperature. At the same time, the first air bubbles 221 start to gradually expand and increase. The first bubbles 221 increase the gap between the photothermal absorption layers 220, thereby increasing the amount of light transmitted. Since the first bubble 221 may have a light reflecting function, the photo and thermal absorbing layer 220 may be lightened in color in a macroscopic view. The above structure can reduce the visual effect of the dark color of the photothermal absorption layer 220 on the pattern formed by the thermochromic layer 210 in the mixed layer 200.
As shown in one of fig. 5 to 8, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a thermochromic actuator 20, which includes the above-mentioned thermochromic element, the thermochromic actuator 20 includes a first substrate 100, the first substrate 100 has a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 opposite to each other, the thermochromic actuator 20 further includes a photothermal absorbing layer 220 and a thermochromic layer 210 disposed on the second surface 120, and the thermochromic layer 210 changes color when the temperature is raised to a first temperature and returns to a second temperature. The thermochromic actuator 20 further includes a second substrate 300, and the second substrate 300 is stacked with the first substrate 100. Wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the second substrate 300 is greater than that of the first substrate 100. In one embodiment, the thermochromic layer 210 and the photothermal absorption layer 220 are alternately spliced on the second surface 120. In addition, the second substrate 300 may be formed of one or a combination of several of biaxially oriented polypropylene, polyethylene, silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyethylene acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polystyrene, polybutadiene, and polyacrylonitrile, and the first substrate 100 may be a paper material made of natural fibers or chemical fibers.
After the temperature is increased, because the thermal expansion coefficient of the second substrate 300 is greater than that of the first substrate 100, the second substrate 300 will bend toward the direction of the first substrate 100, so as to achieve the effect of actuating deformation.
As one embodiment of the second substrate 300, a plurality of second bubbles 310 are provided at intervals in the second substrate 300, and the plurality of second bubbles 310 form a bubble layer along an extending direction of a surface of the second substrate 300. The bubble layer extends in a direction parallel to the surface of the second substrate 300, and the bubble layer may divide the second substrate 300 into two layers. When the second substrate 300 is bent, the bubble layer may reduce the bending resistance and increase the deformation amplitude of the thermochromic actuator 20. Further, the air in the second air bubble 310 is a poor conductor of heat, so the second air bubble 310 has a thermal insulation effect. When the temperature of one of the second substrates 300 increases, the bubble layer may slow down the transfer of heat to the other layer of the second substrate 300 to increase the temperature gradient. The generation of a large temperature difference between the two layers of the second substrate 300 into which the bubble layer is divided may increase the difference in the expansion degree of the two layers of the bubble layer division in the second substrate 300, thereby making the deformation more noticeable.
In one embodiment, the wet expansion coefficient of the first substrate 100 is greater than that of the second substrate 300. Therefore, in a humid environment, the first substrate 100 may be bent toward the second substrate 300, and the thickness of the first substrate 100 may be 27 μm to 80 μm.
In one embodiment, the first substrate 100 is provided with a capillary network 130, at least a part of the surface of the first substrate 100 is exposed, and the exposed part of the surface of the first substrate 100 is further provided with a heat conducting member 140, and the heat conducting member 140 is connected to the capillary network 130, so that the heat conducting member 140 is disposed on the surface of the exposed part of the first substrate 100. Preferably, the heat conductive member 140 is partially embedded in the first substrate 100, and another portion of the heat conductive member 140 is exposed to air to condense moisture in the air. The heat conducting member 140 is connected to the capillary network 130. The capillary network 130 may be provided during the formation of the first substrate 100. In one embodiment, the capillary network 130 may be a network of flexible steel wires laid in the first substrate 100 during the formation of the first substrate 100. After the first substrate 100 is formed, each flexible steel wire is drawn out to form capillary pores. The capillary pores are interconnected to form the capillary network 130. Preferably, the capillary network 130 is uniformly arranged inside the first matrix 100. The heat conductive member 140 may be a metal having good heat conductivity. In one embodiment, the metal may be iron, copper, silver. The heat conductive member 140 may be spherical or cubic. In an environment with humidity, the heat conductive member 140 has a temperature lower than the ambient temperature. Moisture in the air may be condensed into water drops on the surface of the heat-conductive member 140. It will be appreciated that the flow rate of the liquid moisture is greater than the rate of transport of the moisture in the air into the first substrate 100. The rapid diffusion of water droplets along the capillary network 130 in the first matrix 100 causes the deformation of the thermochromic actuator 20.
Further, a corrugated structure 320 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 300 away from the thermochromic element 10. It is understood that the side of the second substrate 300 remote from the thermochromic member 10 is exposed to the environment. The corrugated structure 320 can increase the light receiving area of the second substrate 300, and improve the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the corrugated structure 320 varies the thickness of the surface of the second substrate 300, changes the internal stress of the second substrate 300, and when the second substrate 300 is bent, the corrugated structure 320 can reduce the bending resistance and improve the degree of deformation of the thermochromic actuator 20.
As shown in fig. 9, the embodiment of the present invention provides a plant protection device 30 applying the above-mentioned thermochromic actuator 20, wherein the plant protection device 30 is made of the thermochromic actuator 20, and when light is irradiated on the second surface 120, the periphery of the thermochromic actuator 20 is bent in a direction away from the light, so that the thermochromic actuator (20) forms a protective space.
In one embodiment, the plant protection device 30 includes a top cap 400 made of the color-changing actuator 20 and a shielding plate 500, and the top cap 400 is integrally formed with the shielding plate 500. When the plant protection device 30 is irradiated with light, the shielding plate 500 is bent, and a protection space for accommodating plants is formed between the shielding plate 500 and the top cover 400. Preferably, the second substrate 300 is located at the outer side of the plant protection device 30 to absorb light. After the temperature of the second substrate 300 rises, due to the high thermal expansion coefficient, the shielding plates 500 are bent towards the direction away from the light irradiation direction, and the four shielding plates 500 are bent together to cover the plants. On a cloudy day or at night, the temperatures of the two sides of the shielding plate 500 tend to be consistent, and the shielding plate 500 is restored to the same plane as the top cover 400 again, so that the breathing effect of the plants is facilitated. As one of the embodiments, the plant to be protected may be a heliophilous plant.
In one embodiment, the plant protection device 30 may include a second substrate 300, a mixed layer 200, and a first substrate 100 in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the second substrate 300 may be a transparent material. The photothermal absorption layer 220 in the hybrid layer 200 can accelerate the heat absorption of the second substrate 300 to accelerate the deformation, and the hybrid layer 200 becomes light color after the temperature is increased to reflect the sunlight to slow down the further temperature increase. When the humidity expansion coefficient of the first base body 100 is greater than that of the second base body 300, the moisture released by the respiration of the plant at night can make the first base body 100 bend towards the direction of the second base body 300, so as to accelerate the opening of the shielding plate 500, thereby facilitating the respiration of the plant.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A thermochromic element, characterized in that it comprises:
a first substrate (100) having opposing first (110) and second (120) surfaces;
a thermochromic layer (210) disposed on the second surface (120);
the photothermal absorption layer (220) is arranged on the second surface (120), the thermochromic layer (210) changes color when heated to a first temperature and recovers color when cooled to a second temperature, a plurality of first bubbles (221) are arranged in the photothermal absorption layer (220), the first bubbles (221) are used for expanding the photothermal absorption layer (220) in the heating process to increase the light transmittance of the photothermal absorption layer (220), and the first bubbles (221) are made of transparent materials;
the thermosensitive color-changing layer (210) and the photothermal absorption layer (220) are alternately spliced in the extending direction of the second surface (120).
2. A thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the thermochromic layer (210) contains an electron donating compound, an electron accepting compound and an organic solvent.
3. The thermochromic element of claim 1, wherein the photothermal absorbing layer (220) is comprised of a combination of more than one of graphene, graphene oxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, tungsten oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles.
4. A thermochromic actuator comprising a thermochromic element as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, and further comprising a second substrate (300), said second substrate (300) being arranged in a stack with the first substrate (100) of the thermochromic element, wherein the coefficient of thermal expansion of said second substrate (300) is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of said first substrate (100).
5. A thermochromic actuator according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of second air bubbles (310) are arranged at intervals in the second substrate (300).
6. A thermochromic actuator as claimed in claim 5, wherein a plurality of said second bubbles (310) form a bubble layer extending in a direction parallel to the surface of said second substrate (300).
7. A thermochromic actuator according to claim 4, wherein the coefficient of wet expansion of the first substrate (100) is larger than the coefficient of wet expansion of the second substrate (300).
8. A thermochromic actuator according to claim 7, wherein a capillary network (130) is provided in the first substrate (100); at least part of the surface of the first substrate (100) is exposed, and the exposed part of the surface of the first substrate (100) is provided with a heat conduction component (140), and the heat conduction component (140) is connected with the capillary network (130).
9. A thermochromic actuator according to claim 4, wherein the surface of the second substrate (300) remote from the thermochromic element (10) is provided with a corrugated structure (320).
10. Plant protection device, characterized in that it is made of a thermochromic actuator (20) according to any of claims 4-9, wherein when light is shone on the second surface (120) of the first substrate (100), the periphery of said thermochromic actuator (20) is bent away from the direction of the light, so that said thermochromic actuator (20) forms a protected space.
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| CN201710749692.3A CN107479216B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Thermochromic element, thermochromic actuator, and plant protection device |
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| CN201710749692.3A CN107479216B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Thermochromic element, thermochromic actuator, and plant protection device |
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| CN109946898A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-28 | 进佳科技(国际)有限公司 | The display screen and terminal device of heat discoloration |
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| US9222015B2 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2015-12-29 | Swift River Properties, Llc | Thermochromic coating and method of manufacturing thereof |
| CN102116943B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2013-02-13 | 清华大学 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
| KR101286170B1 (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-15 | 삼성코닝정밀소재 주식회사 | Thermochromic glass and method for manufacturing thereof |
| CN103728744B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2016-12-21 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
| CN104409541A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-11 | 中山市亨立达机械有限公司 | Adjustable light transmittance solar cell assembly |
| CN106154679B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-12-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and manufacturing method thereof, electronic paper and driving method thereof |
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