CN107475499B - A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107475499B CN107475499B CN201710663103.XA CN201710663103A CN107475499B CN 107475499 B CN107475499 B CN 107475499B CN 201710663103 A CN201710663103 A CN 201710663103A CN 107475499 B CN107475499 B CN 107475499B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of sledge runner shaped steel to be enable sledge runner shaped steel while obtaining enough intensity and hardness, be also ensured the elastic property in fore wing portion using the mode of first integrally annealed, then differential annealing.By heating up and cooling down stage by stage in heat treatment process, it is ensured that the whole uniformity of slide plate shaped steel avoids and the problems such as surface defect and stress concentration occurs.The shaped steel of the present invention uses specific alloying element and proportioning, on the basis of conventional skates steel, the content of Mn, Ni, Cr, Co are all adjusted, especially for the relationship of strong hardness and elasticity, the content for reducing Cr elements, to make final shaped steel product obtain good comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to winter sports instrument fields, in particular to a kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel.
Background technology
Modern bobsleighing is as seven big event of Winter Olympic Games（Ice hockey, curling stone, biathlon, skating, skiing and snow
Vehicle, sled）One of, type can much be divided into no rudder and have rudder, single sledge and wide sledge, striding type and horizontal, also traction, it is electronic and
Sail etc..The bottom surface slide plate of sled is usually shaped steel material, which is that a pair of of left and right is arranged in parallel, and length must not exceed 45 lis
Rice, the fore wing portion of slide plate needs to keep certain elasticity, in favor of turning and manipulating.
In order to reach the requirement of bobsleighing, shaped steel needs have good mechanical performance and table used in sledge runner
Face quality.Shaped steel surface cannot have the defects of crackle, bubble, field trash, when application can have certain intensity, wearability and
Elasticity.In the prior art, using techniques such as conventional heat treatment, forging, cuttings, frequently can lead to the wearability of shaped steel product compared with
Low or intensity and elasticity are insufficient, it is difficult to while meeting composite request of the slide plate to performance.Intensity and the caused slide plate that wears no resistance
Blade deforms, and the elasticity in slide plate fore wing portion is insufficient, can all directly affect the service life and performance of sledge runner finished product, also unfavorable
In horizontal performance of the sportsman in event.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems, such as the comprehensive performance of sledge runner shaped steel, the present invention provides a kind of preparations of sledge runner shaped steel
Method can also obtain enough local elasticities while so that sledge runner is had higher wear-resisting property and intensity.
A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel, it is characterised in that：The C content of the sledge runner shaped steel is 0.35%
~0.40%；Preparation method includes the following steps：
A. integrally annealed：The shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, is 0.5 in 800~850 DEG C of soaking times
~1.5h carries out integrally annealed, is air-cooled to room temperature later；
B. differential annealing：By the way of sensing heating, to the shaped steel workpiece after integrally annealed as product fore wing portion
One end carries out local heating, and then this locally carries out water quenching；
C. water quenching：The part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, when quenching stirs water；
D. it is tempered：Shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, 1 ~ 2h is kept the temperature at 500 ~ 600 DEG C, it is then empty
It is cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product.
The tensile strength of the sledge runner shaped steel finished product reaches 200 ~ 220MPa, and hardness is up to 55 ~ 60HRC.
The sledge runner shaped steel is formed comprising following element：C:0.35-0.40%, Si:0.80-1.20%, Mn:0.50-
1.50%, Ni:0.50-1.00%, Cr:2.50-3.50%, Co:0.10-0.50%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In the step a, the shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, at the uniform velocity it is warming up to 350 in 3~5h~
450 DEG C, keep the temperature 1~2h；800~850 DEG C are warming up to 30~50 DEG C/h again, soaking time is 0.5~1.5h, then first with 10
~20 DEG C/h cools to 400~500 DEG C with the furnace, keeps the temperature 2~3h；Again 150~200 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with 50~80 DEG C/h, it
After be air-cooled to room temperature.
In the step b, by the way of sensing heating, to the shaped steel workpiece after integrally annealed as product fore wing portion
One end carries out local heating, and heating temperature is 600~650 DEG C, and soaking time is 2.5~3.0h, and then this locally carries out water quenching.
In the step c, the part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, water temperature is 25~30 DEG C before immersing, and
Water temperature is no more than 50 DEG C after workpiece takes out, and when quenching stirs water, be cooled to when workpiece takes out from water 150 DEG C with
Under.
In the step d, the shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, is first warming up to 200 ~ 300 through 1~2h
DEG C, keep the temperature 2 ~ 4h；500 ~ 600 DEG C are warming up to 30 ~ 50 DEG C/h again, 1 ~ 2h is kept the temperature, is then air-cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sled
Slide plate shaped steel finished product.
The present invention enables sledge runner shaped steel obtaining enough using the mode of first integrally annealed, then differential annealing
While intensity and hardness, the elastic property in fore wing portion is also ensured.By heating up and cooling down stage by stage in heat treatment process, really
The whole uniformity for having protected slide plate shaped steel, avoids and the problems such as surface defect and stress concentration occurs.The shaped steel of the present invention uses
Specific alloying element and proportioning on the basis of conventional skates steel all adjust the content of Mn, Ni, Cr, Co,
Especially for the relationship of strong hardness and elasticity, the content of Cr elements is reduced, to make final shaped steel product obtain well
Comprehensive performance.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment and comparative example, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel, it is characterised in that：The sledge runner shaped steel includes following element group
At：C:0.35%, Si:0.80%, Mn:0.50%, Ni:0.50%, Cr:2.50%, Co:0.10%, surplus is for Fe and inevitably
Impurity；Preparation method includes the following steps：
A. integrally annealed：The shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, 450 DEG C are at the uniform velocity warming up in 3h, is protected
Warm 2h；800 DEG C, soaking time 0.5h are warming up to 50 DEG C/h again, then first cools to 400 DEG C with the furnace with 20 DEG C/h, heat preservation
3h；150 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with 50 DEG C/h, be air-cooled to room temperature later again；
B. differential annealing：By the way of sensing heating, to the shaped steel workpiece after integrally annealed as product fore wing portion
One end carries out local heating, and heating temperature is 650 DEG C, soaking time 2.5h, and then this locally carries out water quenching；
C. water quenching：The part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, after water temperature is 30 DEG C before immersing, and workpiece takes out
Water temperature is no more than 50 DEG C, and when quenching stirs water, and 150 DEG C or less are cooled to when workpiece takes out from water；
D. it is tempered：Shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, is first warming up to 300 DEG C through 1h, keeps the temperature 4h；Again
500 DEG C are warming up to 30 DEG C/h, 2h is kept the temperature, is then air-cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product.
The tensile strength of the sledge runner shaped steel finished product reaches 220MPa, and hardness reaches 60HRC.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel, it is characterised in that：The sledge runner shaped steel includes following element group
At：C:0.40%, Si:0.80%, Mn:1.50%, Ni:1.00%, Cr:2.50%, Co:0.50%, surplus is for Fe and inevitably
Impurity；Preparation method includes the following steps：
A. integrally annealed：The shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, 350 DEG C are at the uniform velocity warming up in 3h, is protected
Warm 1h；850 DEG C, soaking time 0.5h are warming up to 30 DEG C/h again, then first cools to 500 DEG C with the furnace with 10 DEG C/h, heat preservation
3h；200 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with 80 DEG C/h, be air-cooled to room temperature later again；
B. differential annealing：By the way of sensing heating, to the shaped steel workpiece after integrally annealed as product fore wing portion
One end carries out local heating, and heating temperature is 600 DEG C, soaking time 3.0h, and then this locally carries out water quenching；
C. water quenching：The part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, after water temperature is 30 DEG C before immersing, and workpiece takes out
Water temperature is no more than 50 DEG C, and when quenching stirs water, and 150 DEG C or less are cooled to when workpiece takes out from water；
D. it is tempered：Shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, is first warming up to 200 DEG C through 2h, keeps the temperature 3h；Again
500 DEG C are warming up to 40 DEG C/h, 2h is kept the temperature, is then air-cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product.
The tensile strength of the sledge runner shaped steel finished product reaches 220MPa, and hardness reaches 55HRC.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel, it is characterised in that：The sledge runner shaped steel includes following element group
At：C:0.35%, Si:0.90%, Mn:1.00%, Ni:0.80%, Cr:3.00%, Co:0.70%, surplus is for Fe and inevitably
Impurity；Preparation method includes the following steps：
A. integrally annealed：The shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, 380 DEG C are at the uniform velocity warming up in 4h, is protected
Warm 2h；820 DEG C, soaking time 0.5h are warming up to 40 DEG C/h again, then first cools to 450 DEG C with the furnace with 15 DEG C/h, heat preservation
2h；180 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with 60 DEG C/h, be air-cooled to room temperature later again；
B. differential annealing：By the way of sensing heating, to the shaped steel workpiece after integrally annealed as product fore wing portion
One end carries out local heating, and heating temperature is 600 DEG C, soaking time 2.5h, and then this locally carries out water quenching；
C. water quenching：The part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, after water temperature is 25 DEG C before immersing, and workpiece takes out
Water temperature is no more than 50 DEG C, and when quenching stirs water, and 150 DEG C or less are cooled to when workpiece takes out from water；
D. it is tempered：Shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, is first warming up to 250 DEG C through 1h, keeps the temperature 2h；Again
550 DEG C are warming up to 40 DEG C/h, 1h is kept the temperature, is then air-cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product.
The tensile strength of the sledge runner shaped steel finished product reaches 200MPa, and hardness reaches 58HRC.
Comparative example 1：
By the shaped steel with same elemental composition of the invention and content, occur without double annealing or other processing steps
After change, the tensile strength of obtained sledge runner shaped steel is significantly lower than 180MPa, and local elasticity is poor.
Comparative example 2：
The shaped steel that will differ from elemental composition and content of the present invention, after being prepared using processing step same as the present application,
The strong hardness of obtained sledge runner shaped steel is difficult to meet the requirements, also, reaches 60 HRC, part hardness
It is elastic apparent poor.
Comparative example 3：
By elemental composition and content shaped steel workpiece same as Example 1, using the heat treatment different from the application
When obtaining local elasticity's performance, the tensile strength and hardness of obtained sledge runner shaped steel, which are difficult to meet comprehensive performance, to be wanted
It asks, also, the surface quality of shaped steel is poor, hence it is evident that reduce the service life of product.
At the elemental composition selection of sledge runner shaped steel of the present invention it can be seen from embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 and heat
Science and engineering sequence is that applicant verifies by repeated tests.Wherein, the elemental composition proportioning of shaped steel is in conventional skates steel
On the basis of material, the content of Mn, Ni, Cr, Co are all adjusted, especially for the relationship of strong hardness and elasticity, reduced
The content of Cr elements, to make final shaped steel product obtain good comprehensive performance.In technique, using first integrally annealed, then
The mode of differential annealing enables sledge runner shaped steel while obtaining enough intensity and hardness, also ensures fore wing portion
Elastic property.By heating up and cooling down stage by stage in heat treatment process, it is ensured that the whole uniformity of slide plate shaped steel avoids
There is the problems such as surface defect and stress concentration.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The range of invention is limited by claim and its equivalent.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of sledge runner shaped steel, it is characterised in that：The C content of the sledge runner shaped steel 0.35%~
0.40%；Preparation method includes the following steps：
A. integrally annealed：The shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping is fitted into heating furnace, 800~850 DEG C of soaking times be 0.5~
1.5h carries out integrally annealed, is air-cooled to room temperature later；
B. differential annealing：By the way of sensing heating, to the one end of shaped steel workpiece as product fore wing portion after integrally annealed
Local heating is carried out, heating temperature is 600~650 DEG C, and soaking time is 2.5~3.0h, and then this locally carries out water quenching；
C. water quenching：The part of shaped steel workpiece differential annealing is immersed in the water, when quenching stirs water；
D. it is tempered：Shaped steel workpiece after water quenching is again loaded into heating furnace, 1 ~ 2h is kept the temperature at 500 ~ 600 DEG C, is then air-cooled to
Room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product；
The tensile strength of the sledge runner shaped steel finished product reaches 200 ~ 220MPa, and hardness is up to 55 ~ 60HRC；
The sledge runner shaped steel is formed comprising following element：C:0.35-0.40%, Si:0.80-1.20%, Mn:0.50-
1.50%, Ni:0.50-1.00%, Cr:2.50-3.50%, Co:0.10-0.50%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step a, by the shaped steel workpiece of machine-shaping
It is fitted into heating furnace, 350~450 DEG C is at the uniform velocity warming up in 3~5h, keep the temperature 1~2h；Again 800 are warming up to 30~50 DEG C/h
~850 DEG C, soaking time is 0.5~1.5h, then first cools to 400~500 DEG C with the furnace with 10~20 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 2~3h；
150~200 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with 50~80 DEG C/h, be air-cooled to room temperature later again.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：In the step c, shaped steel workpiece is locally moved back
The part of fire is immersed in the water, and water temperature is 25~30 DEG C before immersing, and workpiece take out after water temperature be no more than 50 DEG C, when quenching to water into
Row agitation, 150 DEG C or less are cooled to when workpiece takes out from water.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：In the step d, by the shaped steel work after water quenching
Part is again loaded into heating furnace, is first warming up to 200 ~ 300 DEG C through 1~2h, keeps the temperature 2 ~ 4h；500 are warming up to 30 ~ 50 DEG C/h again ~
600 DEG C, 1 ~ 2h is kept the temperature, is then air-cooled to room temperature, you can obtain sledge runner shaped steel finished product.
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