CN107470995B - Vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining - Google Patents
Vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107470995B CN107470995B CN201710806420.2A CN201710806420A CN107470995B CN 107470995 B CN107470995 B CN 107470995B CN 201710806420 A CN201710806420 A CN 201710806420A CN 107470995 B CN107470995 B CN 107470995B
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- ultrasonic
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- vibrating table
- vibration
- sliding
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
Abstract
The invention relates to a vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining, which comprises an ultrasonic vibrating device, a vibrating device supporting frame, an ultrasonic vibrating table, a vibrating table supporting frame, clamps and a base, wherein the vibrating table supporting frame is arranged on the top surface of the base, the ultrasonic vibrating table is arranged on the vibrating table supporting frame and is connected with the ultrasonic vibrating device, the ultrasonic vibrating device is supported by the vibrating device supporting frame, the vibrating device supporting frame of the ultrasonic vibrating device supporting frame is fixedly arranged on the base, the clamps are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the top surface of the vibrating table at intervals, and the vibrating table transversely moves through a vibrating table translation mechanism. The vibrating table translation mechanism reduces friction resistance for transverse vibration of the vibrating table and simultaneously provides longitudinal constraint for the vibrating table.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic processing, and relates to a vibrating table, in particular to a vibrating table for precise ultrasonic processing.
Background
With the progress of scientific technology, special materials such as composite materials, advanced ceramic materials, alloy materials and the like are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, biotechnology, national defense industry and the like. Because the special material has excellent properties of high strength, high toughness, high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, heat insulation or good biocompatibility, the special material is often manufactured into parts with various shapes and used in the high-tech field. The precise/ultra-precise surface parts are types of parts frequently used in the aerospace industry and the defense industry, and are widely applied to core parts of aircraft engines and the like. Some workpieces have a large depth-to-diameter ratio, a complex internal structure, and the inner/outer surfaces of the workpieces are difficult to process due to the high hardness, wear resistance and other properties of materials. The processing method applied at present mainly utilizes a grinding wheel to grind on a numerical control processing center, or uses special processing methods such as electric spark, ultrasonic processing and the like to remove materials. Because the processed workpiece has the requirement of high-precision processing surface, the processing precision is difficult to ensure by common grinding processing, and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing can effectively reduce the cutting force and improve the surface quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low surface machining precision, large grinding force, low material removal rate and the like of a workpiece in the prior art, and provides a vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining, which can realize high efficiency and high precision.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining comprises an ultrasonic vibrating device, a vibrating device supporting frame, an ultrasonic vibrating table, a vibrating table supporting frame, clamps and a base, wherein the vibrating table supporting frame is arranged on the top surface of the base, the ultrasonic vibrating table is arranged on the vibrating table supporting frame and connected with the ultrasonic vibrating device, the ultrasonic vibrating device is supported by the vibrating device supporting frame, the vibrating device supporting frame of the ultrasonic vibrating device supporting frame is fixedly arranged on the base, the clamps are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the vibrating table at uniform intervals, and the vibrating table realizes transverse movement through a vibrating table translation mechanism.
Moreover, the translation mechanism of the vibrating table is a sliding type, two guide rails are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the base at parallel intervals, the supporting frame of the vibrating table is four supporting columns, the top surfaces of the four supporting columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom surfaces of the vibrating table, sliding grooves corresponding to the guide rails are formed in the bottom surfaces of the four supporting columns, and the vibrating table slides on the two guide rails through the four supporting columns.
And the vibration table is provided with oil holes, the four support columns are hollow columns and are communicated with a lubricating oil flow passage of the vibration table, and lubricating oil flows onto the guide rail through the oil holes, the lubricating oil flow passage and the four support columns to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction.
Moreover, the vibrating table translation mechanism is a sliding type, the vibrating table support frame is four support columns, the bottom surfaces of the four support columns are fixedly arranged on the base, a sliding rail is arranged at the top of each support column, two sliding rail grooves are arranged at the bottom surface of the vibrating table at the position parallel to the sliding rail at intervals, and the sliding rail grooves are matched with the sliding rails to realize sliding displacement change of the vibrating table.
The vibration table is provided with an oil filling hole, the slide rail groove is provided with a lubricating oil outlet, and lubricating oil flows to the guide rail through the oil filling hole, a lubricating oil flow passage in the vibration table and the lubricating oil outlet to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction.
The vibration table translation mechanism is rolling, the vibration table support frame is four support columns, four ball grooves are formed in the top ends of the four support columns, one ball is respectively embedded in the four support columns, and two parallel rolling sliding rail grooves are formed in the bottom surface of the vibration table corresponding to the balls.
Moreover, the ultrasonic vibration device is a replaceable ultrasonic vibrator and comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer.
And the length of the ultrasonic vibration table is an integral multiple of the equivalent 1/2 wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer.
And a plurality of ultrasonic transverse wave cutting grooves are uniformly formed on the vibrating table.
And, install in the bottom surface of base. The clamp and the ultrasonic transverse wave cutting groove are arranged side by side and fixedly arranged on the outer side of the ultrasonic transverse wave cutting groove.
The scheme is an improvement of the rotary ultrasonic processing technology, and ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing is realized on the inner/outer surfaces of the workpiece by utilizing a multi-axis linkage integrated ultrasonic vibration platform of a numerical control processing center.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention realizes the attachment of the ultrasonic vibration device and has universality and interchangeability.
2. The invention improves the applicability of the ultrasonic processing device and realizes multidimensional ultrasonic vibration processing by combining an ultrasonic processing head.
3. The vibrating table translation mechanism reduces friction resistance for transverse vibration of the vibrating table and simultaneously provides longitudinal constraint for the vibrating table.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vibrating table for ultrasonic processing of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vibrating table for ultrasonic processing of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a vibrating table for ultrasonic processing of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of a rolling-type vibrating table support frame of embodiment 3;
fig. 5 is a bottom view of the vibrating table according to examples 2 and 3.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples, which are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining comprises an ultrasonic vibrating device 4, a vibrating device supporting frame 5, an ultrasonic vibrating table 1, a vibrating table supporting frame 6, a vibrating table translation mechanism, a clamp 2, a base 7 and a base locking mechanism. The top surface of the base is provided with a vibrating table support frame, the vibrating table support frame is provided with an ultrasonic vibrating table, the ultrasonic vibrating table is connected with an ultrasonic vibrating device, the ultrasonic vibrating device is supported by the vibrating device support frame, the vibrating device support frame is fixedly arranged on the base, and the base is fixed with the workbench of the machining center through a base locking mechanism. A plurality of clamps are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the vibrating table at uniform intervals, and a plurality of ultrasonic transverse wave cutting grooves 3 are uniformly formed in the vibrating table. The vibration table realizes transverse movement through a vibration table translation mechanism.
The ultrasonic vibration device adopts a replaceable ultrasonic vibrator, comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and can realize the amplitude and frequency adjustment of the vibration table; the vibrating device support frame is used for fixing the position of the ultrasonic vibrating device; the ultrasonic vibration table is an integer multiple of equivalent 1/2 wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the transducer. The vibrating table is connected with the ultrasonic vibration device in a threaded mode, and the vibrating table support frame provides longitudinal load support for the vibrating table; the vibration table translation mechanism reduces friction resistance for transverse vibration of the vibration table and simultaneously provides longitudinal constraint for the vibration table; the fixture is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the ultrasonic transverse wave cutting groove on the vibrating table through threads, so that constraint is provided for a workpiece, and the workpiece is fixedly processed. The support frame of the vibrating device is provided with a threaded hole, an ultrasonic vibrating device is fixed on the flange plate 14 on the section of the vibrating wavelet through a bolt, the small end of the ultrasonic vibrator is connected with an ultrasonic vibrating table through threads, and sound waves are transmitted to the vibrating table through the small end face of the amplitude transformer to provide an ultrasonic vibrating source for the vibrating table. The piezoelectric transducer is positioned on the same axis with the amplitude transformer, the flange plate, the central hole of the support frame of the vibrating device and the central hole of the side surface of the vibrating table, ultrasonic vibration signals are generated by the ultrasonic generator and transmitted to the vibrator and then transmitted to the vibrating table, and the vibrating table is provided with uniformly distributed cutting grooves for cutting off ultrasonic transverse wave disturbance and ensuring effective transmission of ultrasonic longitudinal waves. The vibration table wave section is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the clamp. The vibrator can be replaced according to the requirement, different amplitudes and frequencies are provided for the vibrating table, and the whole vibrating table is fixed on the working table surface of the machining center through the fixing bolts, so that accessory of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining equipment is realized.
The vibration table translation mechanism has three modes, and the three modes are respectively described by the following three embodiments.
Example 1
The vibration table translation mechanism is sliding, as shown in fig. 1, two guide rails 8 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the base at parallel intervals, four support columns are arranged on the support frame of the vibration table, the top surfaces of the four support columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom surfaces of the vibration table, sliding grooves are formed in the bottom surfaces of the four support columns, the vibration table slides on the two guide rails through the four support columns under the excitation of an ultrasonic vibrator, longitudinal vibration (X direction) is achieved, the sliding rails provide transverse constraint (Y direction) for the vibration table, and the support frame of the vibration table provides Z-direction support for the vibration table. The structure is characterized in that the vibrating table support frame and the vibrating table are of an integrated structure, and the vibrating table and the support vibrate together during working.
The vibration table is provided with oil filling holes 9, the four support columns are hollow columns and are communicated with a lubricating oil flow passage of the vibration table, and lubricating oil flows onto the guide rail through the oil filling holes, the lubricating oil flow passage and the four support columns to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction.
Example 2
The vibration table translation mechanism is sliding, as shown in fig. 2, the vibration table support frame is four support columns, the bottom surfaces of the four support columns are fixedly arranged on the base, a sliding rail 10 is arranged at the top of each support column, two sliding rail grooves are arranged at parallel intervals at the position of the bottom surface of the vibration table corresponding to the sliding rail, and the sliding rail grooves are matched with the sliding rails to realize longitudinal (X direction) relative sliding displacement change. The structure is characterized in that: the four support columns of the vibrating table support frame are separated from the vibrating table, and the vibrating table support frame does not vibrate while ultrasonic vibration is realized by the vibrating table. The transverse restraint and the load support (Y direction) of the vibrating table are realized by the slide rail and the slide rail groove, and the Z-direction load of the vibrating table is supported by four support columns of the vibrating table support frame. The structure is beneficial to reducing the influence of the vibrating table support frame on the integral vibration mode of the vibrating table and reducing the heat loss generated by forced vibration and the integral temperature rise phenomenon of the vibrating table. Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 is a sliding type translation mechanism, and the embodiment 2 realizes the separation of the vibrating table and the vibrating table supporting frame, has better sound wave transmission characteristics and can provide better vibrating table vibration mode.
The vibration table is provided with an oil filling hole, the sliding rail groove is provided with a lubricating oil outlet, and lubricating oil flows onto the guide rail through the oil filling hole, a lubricating oil flow passage in the vibration table and the lubricating oil outlet to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction.
Example 3
In order to further reduce the friction force between the sliding guide rails and reduce the impedance of the ultrasonic vibration table, a rolling sliding rail structure is designed to be used on the vibration table. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rolling ultrasonic vibration table, wherein a rolling sliding rail groove 11 is formed on the bottom surface of the vibration table, restraint and load support of the vibration table are provided by balls embedded in a support column of the vibration table, and the concrete structure is shown in fig. 4-5.
As shown in fig. 4, four ball grooves 12 are formed in the top ends of the four support columns, a ball 13 is pre-buried respectively, the four balls and the sliding rail grooves of the ball grooves corresponding to the bottom surface of the vibrating table are used for realizing Y, Z-direction constraint and load support for the vibrating table, the vibrating table is separated from the vibrating table support frame by the structure, the good ultrasonic vibration mode of the vibrating table is controlled, meanwhile, sliding friction between the vibrating table and the vibrating table support frame is converted into rolling friction, the vibration impedance of the vibrating table is further reduced, and oil lubrication is adopted among the balls, the ball grooves and the sliding rail grooves to reduce the friction and abrasion condition of the balls.
As shown in fig. 5, the vibrating table structure consists of a sliding rail groove, a threaded hole 15, an ultrasonic transverse wave cutting groove and the like, wherein the threaded hole is formed at the wave section of the vibrating table, the amplitude of the section is zero, and the vibrating table is used for clamping a clamp to fix a workpiece; the section through groove is used for cutting off the ultrasonic transverse wave signal interference in the vibrating table so as to maximize the efficiency of longitudinal wave transmission, so that the vibrating table has good vibration mode; the bottom sliding rail groove is used for being matched with a sliding guide rail or a rolling guide rail at the top end of the vibrating table support column, so that constraint and support in Y and Z directions are provided for the vibrating table, the sliding rail groove and the sliding rail are subjected to surface contact sliding friction in a sliding state, and point contact rolling friction is performed between the sliding rail groove and the rolling balls in a rolling state.
Compared with the embodiment 1 and 2, the embodiment 3 is of a rolling friction structure, so that the load impedance brought by friction resistance to the vibrating table can be further reduced, the vibrating table can have better vibration characteristics, but the embodiment 1 and 2 have better overall rigidity, in the ultra-precise machining process, the embodiment 3 can provide smaller cutting force load and more accurate ultrasonic vibration characteristics, while the embodiment 1 and 2 can realize higher machining efficiency, and if the machining precision requirement is not very high, the embodiment 1 and 2 is adopted to realize ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining on a workpiece under the condition that the machining efficiency has certain requirement; if the requirement on the processing precision of the product is higher, under the condition of lower requirement on the processing efficiency, the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing of the workpiece is realized by adopting the embodiment 3.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a shaking table for accurate ultrasonic machining, includes ultrasonic vibrating device, vibrating device support frame, ultrasonic vibrating table, vibrating table support frame, anchor clamps, base, installs the vibrating table support frame at the top surface of base, installs ultrasonic vibrating table on the vibrating table support frame, ultrasonic vibrating table connects ultrasonic vibrating device, and ultrasonic vibrating device is supported by the vibrating device support frame, and the vibrating device support frame is adorned admittedly on the base, evenly installs a plurality of anchor clamps at the top surface of vibrating table at the interval admittedly, its characterized in that: the vibration table realizes transverse movement through a vibration table translation mechanism, a plurality of ultrasonic transverse wave cutting grooves are uniformly formed in the vibration table, and the clamp and the ultrasonic transverse wave cutting grooves are arranged side by side and fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the ultrasonic transverse wave cutting grooves;
the vibrating table translation mechanism is a sliding type, two guide rails are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the base at parallel intervals, the vibrating table support frame is provided with four support columns, the top surfaces of the four support columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the vibrating table, sliding grooves corresponding to the guide rails are formed in the bottom surfaces of the four support columns, and the vibrating table slides on the two guide rails through the four support columns; or the bottom surfaces of the four support columns are fixedly arranged with the base, a sliding rail is arranged at the top of each support column, two sliding rail grooves are arranged at parallel intervals at the position of the bottom surface of the vibrating table corresponding to the sliding rail, and the sliding rail grooves are matched with the sliding rails to realize the sliding displacement change of the vibrating table;
or the vibration table translation mechanism is rolling, four ball grooves are formed in the top ends of the four support columns, one ball is respectively embedded in the four ball grooves, and two parallel rolling sliding rail grooves are formed in the bottom surface of the vibration table corresponding to the balls.
2. The vibrating table for precision ultrasonic processing according to claim 1, wherein: the vibration table is provided with oil holes, four support columns are hollow columns and are communicated with a lubricating oil flow passage of the vibration table, and lubricating oil flows onto the guide rail through the oil holes, the lubricating oil flow passage and the four support columns to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction; or the vibration table is provided with an oil filling hole, the sliding rail groove is provided with a lubricating oil outlet, and lubricating oil flows onto the guide rail through the oil filling hole, a lubricating oil flow passage in the vibration table and the lubricating oil outlet to provide oil lubrication for sliding friction.
3. The vibrating table for precision ultrasonic processing according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic vibration device is a replaceable ultrasonic vibrator and comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer.
4. The vibrating table for precision ultrasonic processing according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the ultrasonic vibration table is an integral multiple of the equivalent 1/2 wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710806420.2A CN107470995B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710806420.2A CN107470995B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining |
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| CN107470995A CN107470995A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
| CN107470995B true CN107470995B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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| CN201710806420.2A Active CN107470995B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Vibrating table for precise ultrasonic machining |
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| CN108931348B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2021-02-26 | 鲁东大学 | Efficient bridge structures fatigue test device |
| CN109227152A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-18 | 天津科技大学 | A kind of two-dimension vibration platform for precision ultrasonic processing |
| CN110157894B (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2021-01-15 | 北京理工大学 | Tool and method for reducing and homogenizing residual stress of component in machine tool machining |
| CN110539095A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-06 | 天津科技大学 | Ultrasonic auxiliary laser device for preparing metal surface hydrophobicity |
| CN113182946B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | One-way ultrasonic vibration platform with adjustable clamp and operation method thereof |
| CN113977299B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-19 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Linear sliding device |
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