CN107469971B - Axial-flow type knife claw combined biomass fuel comprehensive crusher - Google Patents
Axial-flow type knife claw combined biomass fuel comprehensive crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN107469971B CN107469971B CN201710820738.6A CN201710820738A CN107469971B CN 107469971 B CN107469971 B CN 107469971B CN 201710820738 A CN201710820738 A CN 201710820738A CN 107469971 B CN107469971 B CN 107469971B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/141—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axial flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/143—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a disc rotor having generally radially extending slots or openings bordered with cutting knives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/225—Feed means of conveyor belt and cooperating roller type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/24—Drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C2018/164—Prevention of jamming and/or overload
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher, which comprises a feeding bin, a straw grader type horizontal feeding conveyor, a crushing processing bin and a screening discharging bin, wherein the feeding bin is provided with a feeding hole; finishing the feeding operation of bulk materials and bales in the feeding bin; the crushing processing bin is provided with a forced feeding machine, an axial flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller and a combined crushing and separating sieve, and can complete the combined operation of crushing and sieving different materials; the screening discharge bin is provided with a drum-type fuel screening machine and a discharge conveyor, and can complete screening of crushed materials, lifting and outputting of the crushed materials and other operations. The crusher can finish crushing processing of various biomass fuels, improves the operation efficiency and the crushing quality, reduces the power consumption, the use cost and the operation cost, meets the mechanized requirement of processing and production of the biomass fuels in China, and has important practical significance and good application prospect for promoting the development of comprehensive utilization of the biomass fuels in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to biomass fuel crushing and processing equipment, in particular to an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher.
Background
With the rapid development of national economic construction, agriculture, forestry, construction industry and various industries generally generate a large amount of biomass wastes, the amount of the biomass wastes is increased year by year, the normal development of economy and the protection of atmospheric environment are severely restricted, the large amount of biomass wastes are abandoned until being burned on site, the atmospheric environment is polluted, precious renewable biomass resources are wasted, and the comprehensive utilization of the industrial and agricultural wastes as biomass fuels is very slow. The biomass fuel has the characteristics of various original properties, wide length and diameter range, large texture and hardness difference and the like, and is characterized in that collected biomass fuel is crushed and processed by generally adopting mechanical equipment, indexes such as granularity, length, diameter and the like of the processed biomass fuel must meet related technical standards of the biomass fuel, the biomass fuel can be used as fuel for industrial and agricultural production and biomass power generation, has important social and economic effects on promoting energy conservation and emission reduction and environmental protection, and how to crush and process the biomass fuel becomes one of keys for biomass energy development and comprehensive utilization.
In recent years, the comprehensive utilization of biomass fuels is enhanced by the national governments and governments at all levels, a large amount of capital and mechanical equipment are invested for collecting and processing the biomass fuels, and renewable biomass energy sources are provided for industrial and agricultural production and biomass oil-making power generation. A biomass fuel comprehensive crusher is special equipment for crushing and processing biomass materials such as crop straws, mountain forest waste, industrial and building waste and the like, can process various strip-shaped and blocky biomass raw materials into standard fuels with certain particle sizes, is divided into large, medium and small biomass crushers from the machine type, is divided into horizontal and vertical biomass crushers from the feeding mode, is divided into disc type and roller type biomass crushers from the crushing device, is divided into movable and fixed biomass crushers from the operating mode, and is divided into a motor and a diesel engine from the power matching.
At present, the existing biomass fuel crusher mainly has the following defects: 1) Generally limited by the type and characteristics of fuel, the universality is poor, and the processing efficiency and the crushing quality are low, such as: the disc type crusher is mainly used for crushing and processing crop straws, and the roller type crusher is mainly used for crushing and processing mountain forest waste and waste building templates; 2) The existing crusher is mainly a medium-sized or small-sized crusher, and the crushing efficiency is not high; 3) The feeding is easy to block; 4) The crusher has unreasonable design of key working parts, serious abrasion, small machine type and large power consumption. The defects seriously restrict the processing and utilization of the biomass fuel, so the development of a large-scale high-efficiency biomass fuel comprehensive crusher becomes one of the key technologies for collecting and processing the biomass fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher which is a large crusher, good in universality, not easy to block and high in crushing efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher comprises a frame, wherein a feeding bin is arranged at the front part of the frame, a straw chasing device type horizontal feeding conveyor is arranged in the feeding bin, a forced feeding machine is arranged at the top of the rear end of the straw chasing device type horizontal feeding conveyor, a crushing processing bin communicated with the feeding bin is arranged at the rear part of the forced feeding machine, a screening discharging bin is connected onto the crushing processing bin, an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined crushing roller is arranged in the crushing processing bin, a combined type crushing separation screen is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the axial-flow type cutter-claw combined crushing roller, a crushing screen discharging outlet is formed in the crushing processing bin, a drum-type fuel screening machine is connected onto the crushing screen discharging outlet, the drum-type fuel screening machine is positioned in the screening discharging bin, and a crushed material discharging port of the fuel screening machine is connected with a discharging conveyor; the axial-flow type cutter claw combined crushing roller comprises a roller, a plurality of cutting cutter groups arranged in rows are arranged on the outer wall of the roller at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller, each row of cutting cutter group consists of a plurality of elastically bendable cutting cutter mechanisms arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller, and the cutting cutter mechanisms on two adjacent rows of cutting cutter groups are arranged in a staggered manner; a cutter claw group is arranged between two adjacent cutting cutter mechanisms on each row of the cutting cutter groups, and the cutter claw groups and the cutting cutter mechanisms on the same row are alternately arranged; the cutter claw group consists of a plurality of cutter claws which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller.
Furthermore, the roller consists of a cylindrical barrel, two width discs fixedly connected with the barrel at two ends of the barrel, and a rotating shaft arranged in the middle of the two width discs; and the outer wall of the roller is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove for mounting the cutting knife mechanism.
Further, the cutting knife mechanism comprises a cutting knife and an elastic mounting seat for mounting the cutting knife; the elastic mounting seat consists of a spiral cylindrical base, a plurality of elastic cantilevers which are arranged on one side of the base in a bending mode, a base fixing plate which is obliquely arranged on the other side of the base and is used for being fixedly connected with the mounting groove, and a blade mounting plate which is arranged at the suspension end of the elastic cantilevers, and the cutting knife is fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate; the base fixing plate is arranged in the mounting groove and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove, the base is located at the most concave point in the mounting groove, the elastic cantilever bends outwards to extend out of the mounting groove and fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate, and the elastic cantilever can bend under the action of external force to draw in the cutting knife to be driven into the mounting groove.
Further, the cutting knife and the blade mounting plate, and the base fixing plate and the mounting groove are fixedly connected through bolt assemblies.
Further, the cutting knife comprises a blade body, a wedge-shaped cutting edge which inclines downwards is arranged on the edge of one side in the length direction of the blade body, and a plurality of through holes used for mounting the bolt assemblies are formed in the middle of the blade body.
Furthermore, the cutter claw is an anti-wear crushing cutter claw or a hard grinding cutter claw, and the cutter claw is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the roller through a bolt assembly.
Furthermore, the wear-resistant crushing cutter claw comprises a wear-resistant cutter holder, the edges of two sides of the wear-resistant cutter holder are provided with wear-resistant blades, and the upper surface of the wear-resistant cutter holder, which is provided with two sides of the wear-resistant blades, is provided with a wear-resistant layer; and a first mounting counter bore for mounting a bolt component is arranged in the middle of the grinding tool holder.
Furthermore, the hard grinding tool claw comprises a hard tool apron, a plurality of hard tool bits protruding upwards and having cone apex angles are arranged on the upper surfaces of the two sides of the hard tool apron respectively, and a second mounting counter bore for mounting a bolt component is arranged in the middle of each hard tool bit.
Furthermore, the knife claw group consists of 2-3 knife claws which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller.
Further, the included angle alpha =36 degrees between the most concave point of the adjacent cutter mechanism and the central point of the cutter claw on the radial cross section of the roller.
Furthermore, the drum-type fuel sieving machine comprises a drum screen and a drum screen driving shaft, the drum screen driving shaft is connected with the end part of the drum screen, one end of the drum screen is communicated with a discharge outlet of the crushing screen, the other end of the drum screen is communicated with the discharge conveyor, and the bottom of the drum screen is provided with a waste discharge port.
Furthermore, the manuscript-by-manuscript horizontal feeding conveyor comprises a manuscript-by-manuscript device crankshaft and a plurality of single-row manuscript-by-manuscript devices, the single-row manuscript-by-manuscript devices are hinged on the manuscript-by-manuscript device crankshaft in a parallel and staggered manner, the manuscript-by-manuscript device crankshaft is connected with a feeding conveyor transmission mechanism, and the feeding conveyor transmission mechanism is connected with a feeding conveyor motor.
Furthermore, an unpacking crusher is arranged at the top of the feeding bin and is positioned above the straw separator type horizontal feeding conveyor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the axial-flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller is adopted by the crusher, and is crushed by combining the self-adaptive cutting blade and the claw type cutting blade, so that the crushing roller is suitable for crushing and processing the woody biomass fuel with hard texture and large appearance and is also suitable for crushing and processing the straw biomass fuel with soft texture and small appearance, and the problems that the conventional biomass fuel crusher is single in function, limited in materials and incapable of guaranteeing the working efficiency and the crushing quality are solved.
Secondly, the invention adopts the working mode of combining the blade type cutter and the claw type cutter, the two cutters are arranged at intervals in a spiral direction, the biomass fuel is ensured to flow along the axial direction in the crushing processing process and is discharged after being rotated along with the crushing roller until being completely crushed, and the crushing efficiency and the processing quality can be effectively improved; the traditional fixed mounting cutting blade is transformed into an elastic cutting blade mechanism with a self-adaptive function, and the cutting blade can automatically retract into the groove when being subjected to excessive resistance, so that the abrasion of a cutter is reduced, and the cutter is prevented from being damaged by impact; the crushing claw can be replaced by a wear-resistant crushing tool bit or a hard alloy tool bit so as to adapt to crushing processing of materials with different hardness.
Thirdly, the manuscript-by-manuscript horizontal feeding conveyor solves the problems of uneven material conveying, slipping and easy blockage through a reciprocating staggered conveying mode; the bale breaking machine breaks and decomposes the fed bale-shaped materials layer by layer and uniformly discharges the bale-shaped materials, is suitable for breaking processing of bales such as crop straws and the like, and solves the problem of blockage caused by overlarge bale volume; the combined crushing and separating screen can be combined by using combined crushing screen meshes with different specifications and apertures and shapes, is suitable for crushing and screening different types of materials, meets the requirements of different crushing particle sizes, can improve the crushing efficiency, ensures the processing quality and reduces the use cost of the screen meshes; the drum-type fuel screening machine can clear away miscellaneous surplus such as silt in the material after the breakage, ensures the quality of fuel.
Fourthly, the main working parts of the biomass fuel crusher are independently driven by the variable frequency motor, the running speed of each device and the working parts can be adjusted, the crusher can complete crushing processing operation of various types of biomass fuels, the operation efficiency and the crushing quality of the crusher are improved, the working life of the crusher is prolonged, the power consumption is reduced, the use cost and the operating cost of the crusher are reduced, the mechanized requirement of the processing and production of the biomass fuels in China is met, and the biomass fuel crusher has important practical significance and good application prospect for accelerating the comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes, protecting the natural environment, saving energy, reducing emission and promoting the development of the comprehensive utilization of the biomass fuels in China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front view of an axial-flow type cutter-claw combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the axial-flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the structure of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the elastic mounting seat in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting blade of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the antiwear breaking cutter claw.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a hard grinding bit.
In the figure: an axial flow type cutter claw combined crushing roller 100, a feeding conveyor motor 101, a feeding conveyor transmission mechanism 102, a frame 103, a straw shaker crankshaft 104, a feeding conveying platform 105, a straw shaker type horizontal feeding conveyor 106, a single row straw shaker 107, an unpacking crushing cutter roller 108, an unpacking crusher transmission mechanism 109, an unpacking crusher variable frequency motor 110, an unpacking crusher 111, a metal crawler type feeding conveyor 112, a forced feeding roller 113, a forced feeding conveyor transmission mechanism 114, a forced feeding conveyor variable frequency motor 115, a forced feeding roller bracket 116, a hydraulic forced mechanism 118, a crushing processing bin 121, a combined crushing and separating screen 122, a crushing and separating screen gap adjusting mechanism 123, a forced feeding machine 124 and a combined crushing screen 125, a combined screen support 126, a crushing roller motor adjustable support 127, a crushing roller transmission mechanism 128, a crushing roller variable frequency motor 129, a screening discharge bin 130, a crushing screen discharge outlet 131, a cylindrical screen 132, a roller type fuel screening machine 133, a crushed material discharge outlet 134, a discharge conveyor 135, an electromagnetic iron remover 136, a crushed material lifting conveyor fixing support 137, a crushed material lifting conveyor transmission mechanism 138, an impurity conveyor motor 139, an impurity discharge outlet 140, a belt type impurity conveyor 141, an impurity conveyor fixing support 142, a crushed material lifting conveyor variable frequency motor 143, a rear base 144, a cylindrical screen drive shaft 145, a roller type screening machine motor 146, a hydraulic system 147, a control system 148 and a front base 149.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a more clear understanding of the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the axial-flow type combined-type biomass fuel crusher comprises a frame 103, wherein a front base 149 and a rear base 144 are fixed at the lower part of the frame 103, and a feeding bin 105, a crushing processing bin 121 and a screening discharging bin 130 are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the frame 103 from front to back; a document feeder type horizontal feeding conveyor 106 is arranged in the feeding bin 105, the document feeder type horizontal feeding conveyor 106 consists of single-row document feeders 107, document feeder crankshafts 104, a feeding conveyor transmission mechanism 102 and feeding conveyor motors 101, the six single-row document feeders 107 are hinged on three groups of document feeder crankshafts 104 in a parallel and staggered manner, the feeding conveyor motors 101 drive the document feeder crankshafts 104 to rotate through the feeding conveyor transmission mechanism 102, and the document feeder crankshafts 104 drive the single-row document feeders 107 to move oppositely; the unpacking crusher 111 is arranged at the front part of the feeding bin 105 and is positioned above the straw separator type horizontal feeding conveyor 106, the unpacking crusher variable-frequency motor 110 is arranged at the top of the unpacking crusher 111, the unpacking crushing knife roll 108 is arranged in the middle of the unpacking crusher 111, and the unpacking crusher variable-frequency motor 110 drives the unpacking crushing knife roll 108 through an unpacking crusher transmission mechanism 109; the forced feeder 124 is arranged above the crushing processing bin 121, the forced feeding rollers 113 are arranged at the lower parts of the forced feeding roller brackets 116 at two sides, the forced feeding motor 115 is fixed at the upper part of the forced feeding roller bracket 116, the forced feeding motor 115 drives the forced feeding rollers 113 through the forced feeding transmission mechanism 14, and the hydraulic forced mechanisms 118 at two sides are respectively connected to the forced feeding roller brackets 116 and the crushing processing bin 121; the metal crawler-type feeding conveyer belt 112 is arranged below the forced feeder 124, the front end of the metal crawler-type feeding conveyer belt 112 is connected with the straw shaker type horizontal feeding conveyer 106, and the rear end of the metal crawler-type feeding conveyer belt 112 is connected with the combined type crushing and separating sieve 122; the axial flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller 100 is arranged in a crushing processing bin 121, a crushing roller motor adjustable bracket 127 is fixed at the rear part of the crushing processing bin 121, a crushing roller variable frequency motor 129 is arranged on the crushing roller motor adjustable bracket 127, and the crushing roller variable frequency motor 129 drives the axial flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller 100 through a crushing roller transmission mechanism 128; the combined crushing and separating screen 122 consists of a crushing and separating screen gap adjusting mechanism 123, a combined crushing screen 125 and a combined screen bracket 126, the combined crushing and separating screen 122 is arranged around the periphery of the axial-flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller 100, the crushing and separating screen gap adjusting mechanism 123 is arranged at the upper part of the combined crushing and separating screen 122, the combined crushing screen 125 is arranged in the combined screen bracket 126 through different forms of combination, and a crushing screen discharging outlet 131 is arranged at the lower part of the combined crushing and separating screen 122; the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133 is arranged in the sieving discharge bin 130, the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133 comprises a drum screen 132 and a drum screen driving shaft 145, the drum screen driving shaft 145 is connected with the end part of the drum screen 132, the upper end of the drum screen 132 is communicated with the discharge outlet 131 of the crushing screen, the crushed aggregates discharge outlet 34 at the lower end is communicated with the discharge conveyor 135, the bottom of the drum screen 132 is provided with an impurity discharge outlet 140, and a drum-type sieving machine motor 146 drives the drum screen 132 through the drum screen driving shaft 145; the discharging conveyor 135 is arranged below a crushed aggregate discharging port 134 of the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133, is arranged on the rack 103 through a crushed aggregate lifting conveyor fixing bracket 137, and a crushed aggregate lifting conveyor variable-frequency motor 143 drives the discharging conveyor 135 through a crushed aggregate lifting conveyor transmission mechanism 138; the electromagnetic iron remover 136 is arranged below the screening discharging bin 130 and is arranged in parallel with the discharging conveyor 135; the belt type impurity conveyor 141 is arranged below the impurity discharge port 140, the belt type impurity conveyor 141 is fixed on the frame 103 through an impurity conveyor fixing support 142, and the impurity conveyor motor 139 directly drives the belt type impurity conveyor 141; the hydraulic system 147 and the control system 148 are disposed below the frame 103.
In the above scheme, with reference to fig. 3 and fig. 4, the axial flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller 100 includes a roller 1, the roller 1 is composed of a cylindrical barrel 1.1, two radial disks 1.2 arranged at two ends of the barrel 1.1 and fixedly connected therewith, and a rotating shaft 1.3 arranged in the middle of the two radial disks 1.2, and the two radial disks 1.2 and two ends of the barrel 1.1 are fixed in a welding manner. A plurality of cutting knife groups 2 arranged in rows are arranged on the outer wall of the roller 1 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller, each cutting knife group 2 consists of a plurality of cutting knife mechanisms 2.1 which are arranged along the axial direction of the roller 1 at intervals and can be elastically bent, and the cutting knife mechanisms 2.1 on two adjacent rows of cutting knife groups 2 are arranged in a staggered way; the outer wall of the roller 1 is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove 1.4 for mounting a cutting knife mechanism 2.1. A cutter claw group 3 is arranged between two adjacent cutter mechanisms 2.1 on each row of cutter groups 2, and the cutter claw groups 3 and the cutter mechanisms 2.1 on the same row are alternately arranged; the knife claw group 3 consists of a plurality of knife claws 3.1 which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller 1, preferably, the knife claw group 3 consists of 2-3 knife claws 3.1 which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller 1, and the included angle alpha between the most concave point of the adjacent cutting knife mechanism 2.1 and the central point of the knife claw 3.1 on the radial cross section of the roller 1 is 36 degrees. Like this, through the broken mode that adopts the sword claw combination, fuse the function and the advantage of two kinds of cutters of blade formula and sword claw formula, both adapted to the broken processing of the material that the texture is hard, monomer diameter and volume are great, also adapted to the broken processing of the material that the texture is comparatively lax, monomer diameter and volume are less, effectively improve broken processing machinery's application scope, can accomplish multiple biomass fuel's broken processing operation.
In the above solution, as shown in fig. 6 in conjunction with fig. 5, the cutting blade mechanism 2.1 comprises a cutting blade 2.11 and a resilient mounting seat 2.12 for mounting the cutting blade 2.11; the elastic mounting seat 2.12 consists of a spiral cylindrical base 2.121, a plurality of elastic cantilevers 2.122 which are arranged on one side of a base 2.121 in a bending mode, a base fixing plate 2.123 which is obliquely arranged on the other side of a base 2.121 and is used for being fixedly connected with the mounting groove 1.4, and a blade mounting plate 2.124 which is arranged at the suspension end of the elastic cantilevers 2.122, and the cutting blade 2.11 is fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate 2.124; the base fixing plate 2.123 is placed in the mounting groove 1.4 and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove 1.4, the base 2.121 is located at the most concave point in the mounting groove 1.4, the elastic cantilever 2.122 bends outwards and extends out of the mounting groove 1.4 to be fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate 2.124, and the elastic cantilever 2.122 can be bent and folded under the action of external force to drive the cutting blade 2.11 to retract into the mounting groove 1.4. The cutting knife 2.11 and the blade mounting plate 2.124 as well as the base fixing plate 2.123 and the mounting groove 1.4 are fixedly connected through bolt assemblies. The cutting knife 2.11 comprises a blade body 2.111, one edge of the length direction of the blade body 2.111 is provided with a wedge-shaped cutting edge 2.112 which inclines downwards, and the middle part of the blade body 2.111 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2.113 which are used for installing bolt assemblies. In this way, conventional fixed mount cutting inserts are modified to have an adaptive resilient cutting insert mechanism that automatically retracts into the pocket when the cutting insert experiences excessive resistance to reduce tool wear and avoid impact damage.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tool claw 3.1 is an anti-wear crushing tool claw 3.11 or a hard grinding tool claw 3.12, so as to adapt to crushing processing of materials with different hardness. The cutter claw 3.1 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the roller 1 through a bolt assembly. The wear-resistant crushing cutter claw 3.11 comprises a wear-resistant cutter seat 3.111, two side edges of a wear-resistant cutter seat 3.111 are provided with wear-resistant cutting edges 3.112, and the upper surfaces of two sides of the wear-resistant cutter seat 3.111, which are provided with wear-resistant cutting edges 3.112, are provided with wear-resistant layers 3.113; the middle part of the knife sharpening seat 3.111 is provided with a first mounting counter bore 3.114 for mounting a bolt assembly. The hard grinding cutter claw 3.12 is made of hard alloy and comprises a hard cutter holder 3.121, a plurality of hard cutter heads 3.122 protruding upwards and having cone vertex angles are arranged on the upper surfaces of two sides of a hard cutter holder 3.121 respectively, and a second mounting counter bore 3.123 for mounting a bolt component is arranged in the middle of each hard cutter head 3.122.
In the scheme, the single-row straw shaker 107 adopts a fish cycloid movement mode, the materials are conveyed through a circular motion of ascending forward → descending back, the adjacent single-row straw shaker 107 moves synchronously in a 180-degree staggered mode to relay and propel the materials, the problems that the existing metal chain plate conveyor and the existing belt conveyor are uneven in material conveying, skid and easy to block are solved, impurities such as fine silt mixed in the materials can be discharged in the fish cycloid propelling of the materials, and the feeding device is suitable for feeding operation of different materials. The unpacking crusher 111 is arranged on the feeding bin 105, the unpacking crusher variable-frequency motor 110 drives the unpacking and crushing knife roller 108 to rotate anticlockwise through the unpacking crusher transmission mechanism 109, the fed bale-shaped materials are decomposed and crushed layer by layer and are uniformly discharged, the unpacking crusher is suitable for crushing processing of bales such as crop straws and the like, and the problem of feeding bin blockage caused by overlarge bale volume is solved. The axial-flow type knife claw combined crushing roller 100 is suitable for crushing and processing wood biomass fuels with hard texture and large appearance and straw biomass fuels with soft texture and small appearance through combined crushing of a cutting knife mechanism 2.1 (a self-adaptive cutting blade) and a knife claw 3.1 (a claw type cutting knife block), and solves the problems that an existing biomass fuel crusher is single in function, limited in materials, incapable of guaranteeing working efficiency and crushing quality and the like. The cutting knife mechanism 2.1 adopts an elastic self-protection design, can automatically avoid when encountering hard materials, effectively protects the cutting knife and prolongs the service life of the cutting knife; the knife claw 3.1 is made of hard alloy, is suitable for crushing and processing hard materials, and the claw type knife block has repairability, so that the service life is prolonged, and the use cost is reduced. The combined crushing and separating screen 122 can select combined crushing screen meshes 125 with different specifications of apertures and hole patterns, is suitable for crushing and screening of materials of different types, meets the requirements of different biomass fuel particle sizes, can improve the crushing efficiency, ensures the processing quality and reduces the maintenance cost of the screen meshes. Cleaning problem of broken back material has been solved to drum-type fuel screening machine 133, can clear away miscellaneous surplus such as silt in the broken back material, effectively ensures biomass fuel's quality. The electromagnetic iron remover 136 is arranged in parallel with the discharging conveyor and adjusts the adsorption gap, so that the metal objects in the crushed material can be cleaned, and the problem that the metal objects are carried in the biomass fuel is solved.
When the axial-flow type combined biomass fuel comprehensive crusher is prepared for operation, firstly, the adjustment and the adjustment of each working component are carried out according to parameters such as the type, the shape, the hardness, the water content and the like of biomass fuel, the operation speeds of the document-by-document horizontal feeding conveyor 106, the unpacking crusher 111, the forced feeding machine 124, the axial-flow type combined crushing roller 100, the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133, the discharging conveyor 135 and the belt-type impurity conveyor 141 are set, the crushing gap between the axial-flow type combined crushing roller 100 and the combined crushing and separating screen 122 is adjusted according to the material shape and the water content of the biomass fuel, the adsorption gap of the electromagnetic iron remover 136 is adjusted, a hydraulic system is preheated, lubricating oil is supplemented to each rotating component and part, the intact and safe conditions of each working component and transmission system are checked, and maintenance work is done in time.
When the axial-flow type claw and knife combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher works, the driving motors of all working parts are started step by step, the operation can be carried out after all the working parts are normally operated, the biomass fuel to be crushed is uniformly loaded into the feeding bin 105, the biomass fuel is uniformly fed into the crushing processing bin 121 by the straw-type horizontal feeding conveyor 106 and the metal crawler-type feeding conveyer belt 112, the feeding roller 113 is forced to rotate anticlockwise and move downwards through the hydraulic forcing mechanism 118, the biomass fuel is forcibly pushed to the axial-flow type claw and knife combined crushing roller 100, the biomass fuel is struck and cut and crushed by the axial-flow type claw and knife combined crushing roller 100 rotating anticlockwise at high speed, the biomass fuel which is not completely crushed continues to axially flow along with the axial-flow type knife and claw combined crushing roller 100 until being crushed, the crushed biomass fuel enters the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133 after being sieved by the combined type crushing and separating sieve 122, the biomass fuel entering the drum-type fuel sieving machine 133 is sieved, the crushed biomass fuel uniformly falls into the discharging conveyor 135 from the crushed material discharging port 134, the clockwise-running discharging conveyor 135 conveys the crushed biomass fuel to a stacking place or a carriage of a transport vehicle, the sieved silt and other impurities are discharged into the belt-type impurity conveyor 141 from the impurity discharging port 140, and metal objects entrained in the materials are adsorbed by the electromagnetic iron remover 136 arranged in parallel with the discharging conveyor 135.
The crusher can complete the crushing processing operation of various biomass fuels, improves the operation efficiency and the crushing quality of the crusher, prolongs the service life of the crusher, reduces the power consumption, the use cost and the operating cost of the crusher, meets the mechanized requirement of the biomass fuel processing production in China, and has important practical significance and good application prospect for accelerating the comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes, protecting the natural environment, saving energy, reducing emission and promoting the development of the comprehensive utilization of the biomass fuels in China.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides an axial-flow type sword claw combination formula biomass fuel synthesizes breaker, includes frame (103), frame (103) front portion is equipped with feeding bin (105), its characterized in that: a straw separator type horizontal feeding conveyor (106) is arranged in the feeding bin (105), a forced feeding machine (124) is arranged at the top of the rear end of the straw separator type horizontal feeding conveyor (106), a crushing processing bin (121) communicated with the feeding bin (105) is arranged at the rear part of the forced feeding machine (124), a screening discharging bin (130) is connected to the crushing processing bin (121), an axial flow type cutter-claw combined crushing roller (100) is arranged in the crushing processing bin (121), a combined crushing and separating screen (122) is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the axial flow type cutter-claw combined crushing roller (100), a crushing screen discharging outlet (131) is formed in the crushing processing bin (121), a roller type fuel screening machine (133) is connected to the crushing screen discharging outlet (131), the roller type fuel screening machine (133) is located in the screening discharging bin (130), and a discharging port (134) of the roller type fuel screening machine (133) is connected to a discharging conveyor (135);
the axial-flow type knife claw combined crushing roller (100) comprises a roller (1), a plurality of cutting knife groups (2) arranged in rows are arranged on the outer wall of the roller (1) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller, each row of cutting knife group (2) is composed of a plurality of elastically-bendable cutting knife mechanisms (2.1) arranged along the axial direction of the roller (1) at intervals, and the cutting knife mechanisms (2.1) on two adjacent rows of cutting knife groups (2) are arranged in a staggered mode; a cutter claw group (3) is arranged between two adjacent cutter mechanisms (2.1) on each row of the cutter groups (2), and the cutter claw groups (3) and the cutter mechanisms (2.1) on the same row are alternately arranged; the cutter claw group (3) consists of a plurality of cutter claws (3.1) which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller (1);
the roller (1) consists of a cylindrical barrel (1.1), two breadth discs (1.2) which are arranged at two ends of the barrel (1.1) and fixedly connected with the barrel, and a rotating shaft (1.3) which is arranged in the middle of the two breadth discs (1.2); the outer wall of the roller (1) is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove (1.4) for mounting a cutting knife mechanism (2.1);
the cutting knife mechanism (2.1) comprises a cutting knife (2.11) and an elastic mounting seat (2.12) for mounting the cutting knife (2.11); the elastic mounting seat (2.12) consists of a spiral cylindrical base (2.121), a plurality of elastic cantilevers (2.122) which are arranged on one side of the base (2.121) in a bending mode, a base fixing plate (2.123) which is obliquely arranged on the other side of the base (2.121) and is used for being fixedly connected with the mounting groove (1.4), and a blade mounting plate (2.124) arranged at the suspension end of the elastic cantilevers (2.122), wherein the cutting blade (2.11) is fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate (2.124); the cutting tool is characterized in that the base fixing plate (2.123) is placed in the mounting groove (1.4) and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove (1.4), the base (2.121) is located at the most concave point in the mounting groove (1.4), the elastic cantilever (2.122) bends outwards and extends out of the mounting groove (1.4) and fixedly connected with the blade mounting plate (2.124), and the elastic cantilever (2.122) can bend and furl under the action of external force to drive the cutting tool (2.11) to retract into the mounting groove (1.4).
2. The axial-flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher with the knife and the claw as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the cutting knife (2.11) and the blade mounting plate (2.124) as well as the base fixing plate (2.123) and the mounting groove (1.4) are fixedly connected through bolt assemblies.
3. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of claim 2, characterized in that: the cutting knife (2.11) comprises a blade body (2.111), a wedge-shaped cutting edge (2.112) inclining downwards is arranged on the edge of one side in the length direction of the blade body (2.111), and a plurality of through holes (2.113) used for mounting bolt assemblies are formed in the middle of the blade body (2.111).
4. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the cutter claw (3.1) is an anti-wear crushing cutter claw (3.11) or a hard grinding cutter claw (3.12), and the cutter claw (3.1) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the roller (1) through a bolt assembly.
5. The axial-flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of claim 4, characterized in that: the wear-resistant crushing cutter claw (3.11) comprises a wear-resistant cutter seat (3.111), two side edges of the wear-resistant cutter seat (3.111) are provided with wear-resistant cutting edges (3.112), and the upper surfaces of two sides of the wear-resistant cutter seat (3.111) with the wear-resistant cutting edges (3.112) are provided with wear-resistant layers (3.113); the middle part of the grinding tool seat (3.111) is provided with a first mounting counter bore (3.114) for mounting a bolt assembly.
6. The axial-flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of claim 4, characterized in that: the hard grinding tool claw (3.12) comprises a hard tool apron (3.121), a plurality of hard tool bits (3.122) protruding upwards and having cone vertex angles are arranged on the upper surfaces of two sides of the hard tool apron (3.121), and a second mounting counter bore (3.123) for mounting a bolt assembly is arranged in the middle of each hard tool bit (3.122).
7. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the knife claw group (3) is composed of 2-3 knife claws (3.1) which are arranged along the axial direction of the roller (1) at intervals.
8. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the roller (1) has an included angle alpha =36 degrees between the most concave point of the adjacent cutting knife mechanism (2.1) and the central point of the knife claw (3.1) on the radial cross section.
9. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the drum-type fuel sieving machine (133) comprises a drum screen (132) and a drum screen driving shaft (145), the drum screen driving shaft (145) is connected with the end part of the drum screen (132), one end of the drum screen (132) is communicated with the crushing screen discharging outlet (131), the other end of the drum screen (132) is communicated with the discharging conveyor (135), and the bottom of the drum screen (132) is provided with a waste discharging hole (140).
10. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the horizontal feeding conveyor comprises a straw conveyor crankshaft (104) and a plurality of single-row straw conveyors (107), the single-row straw conveyors (107) are hinged on the straw conveyor crankshaft (104) in parallel in a staggered mode, the straw conveyor crankshaft (104) is connected with a feeding conveyor transmission mechanism (102), and the feeding conveyor transmission mechanism (102) is connected with a feeding conveyor motor (101).
11. The axial flow type combined type biomass fuel comprehensive crusher of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: an unpacking crusher (111) is arranged at the top of the feeding bin (105), and the unpacking crusher (111) is positioned above the straw-chasing horizontal feeding conveyor (106).
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| CN108705639A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-26 | 广西得力木业开发有限公司 | Bark grinding mill |
| CN110053840A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-26 | 南京林恒机械制造有限公司 | Entire bundle stalk bale broken decomposes pulverizer |
| CN110882777A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-17 | 江苏沃得植保机械有限公司 | Branch shredder and control method and device of cutting roller of branch shredder |
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