CN107469592B - Subway tunnel air environment purification system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Subway tunnel air environment purification system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air environment purification system of a subway tunnel, which comprises a relatively closed unit, a polluted air purification unit, a metal pollutant recovery unit and an electric control unit; the operation method of the invention is that a relatively closed air environment purification system is arranged in a subway tunnel and along the inner wall of the tunnel, and the polluted air in the nearby tunnel caused by piston wind formed by the movement of a train in the tunnel is purified by utilizing devices such as an air curtain, an air collecting box, air purification, ion purification, exhaust gas dust cleaning, negative pressure dust collection, large wave adsorption purification, ultra-rough surface adsorption purification, electromagnetic collection and the like of the purification system, so that the air environment in the whole subway tunnel is purified by multiple operation of the train; the invention adopts an integrated purifying mode of static braking, and the train operation process is the air purifying process in the subway tunnel, thereby overcoming the defects of high energy consumption, high later management cost and the like of the movable tunnel cleaning equipment and the distributed installation equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway tunnel air environment purification, in particular to a subway tunnel air environment purification system and an operation method thereof.
Background
By 2012, 15 cities are built in the whole country, and the total mileage reaches 2,173.73 km. In 2020, 40 cities are built nationwide, and the total planned mileage reaches 7,000 km. The development speeds of Beijing, shanghai and Guangzhou subways are obvious, 17 subways are arranged in Beijing by 2012, and the operation mileage reaches 456 km; the offshore has 12 subway lines, and the operation mileage reaches 469 km; while Guangzhou has 8 subway lines, and the operation mileage reaches 299 km. Along with the development of subways, people have more and more time on the subways, and the subways are taken as a traffic system with extremely important position in large cities, a great amount of people flow is conveyed every day, and the air quality is more important.
The subway platform is a special environment for passengers to wait and stay, and has the characteristics of high passenger flow density, closed building structure, incapability of being directly communicated with the outside and the like. The emission rate of the fine particulate matters PM2.5 is positively related to the daily traffic volume, and in the train braking process, the subway and the rail rub to generate metal particulate matters. In addition, the inhalable particulate matters PM10 caused by the entrance and exit of passengers, the external air supply and the piston wind can not be discharged in time, so that the PM10 in the subway system is continuously accumulated. A great deal of research on the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the ambient air of the outside world, subway platforms and carriages has been conducted by scholars at home and abroad. As in Adams et al in 2001, chemical contaminants in london subways were measured at 161 samples per minute using a self-made large volume collector, and as a result, the concentration of contaminants in subways was found to be 8 times or more higher than the top surface. Whereas PM10 and PM2.5 in the Sjogren subway in Sweden reach 470. Mu.g/m 3 and 260. Mu.g/m 3, respectively. Due to the severe environment of urban areas, the concentration of suspended particles in the open subway is higher than 938.3 mug/m < 3 >. Fan Yue and other researches show that the concentration of PM2.5 in the subway carriage exceeds the standard, and the proportion of PM2.5 is larger than that of the platform; the research of Aarnio and the like considers that the operation mode of the subway has a larger influence on PM2.5 in the ambient air of the subway, and the research shows that passengers spend 30min on the subway carriage and 9min on the subway platform for waiting every day, the mass concentration of the exposed PM2.5 is only increased by 3 percent compared with that of the urban traffic environment, but the content of Fe in the exposed PM2.5 is increased by 200 percent, the content of Mn is increased by 60 percent, and the content of Cu is increased by 40 percent. A large number of actual measurement researches show that the concentration level of PM10 in the subway is higher, and PM10 can enter respiratory tracts, alveoli and blood of a human body to damage DNA and cause various diseases.
PM10 refers to particulates having an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of less than 10 μm, also known as inhalable particulates. PM2.5 refers to particles having an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of less than 2.5 μm, also known as fine particles (fine particles). PM 2.5-10 refers to particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameters of (2.5-10) μm, also known as coarse particles (coarse particles). The smaller the diameter, the greater the effect on the human body, and PM2.5 can be directly inhaled into the alveoli. Prolonged exposure to environments with high PM2.5 concentrations causes diseases including asthma, bronchitis, and cardiovascular disease. The number of deaths each year due to particulate contamination is about 22,000 ～ 52,000 in the united states and as high as 20 tens of thousands in europe.
It is known that the conventional manual cleaning method cannot meet the requirement of subway development at present, so that new equipment needs to be developed to meet the requirement of subway development.
At present, the treatment method of the subway tunnel pollution at home and abroad has two major directions, one is a movable subway tunnel cleaning device, and the other is to install a plurality of purifying devices on the inner wall of the whole subway tunnel.
For the first type of movable subway tunnel cleaning equipment, the method is divided into: a dust collection and sweeping combined method, a dust collection and sweeping and sprinkling flushing combined method, a vacuum dust collection and rolling brush rolling sweeping combined method, a high-pressure water cleaning combined method and the like.
Aiming at the dust collection and sweeping combination method, as disclosed in patent documents CN201598592U and 2010.10.06, one end of a vacuum chamber arranged on a railway flat car is communicated with an air suction port of an air suction pump and an air blowing pump, tens of air suction pipes are arranged outside a round through hole at the upper part of an end plate at the other end of the vacuum chamber and are dragged on a road surface, and a dense broom capable of being erected and reversely placed is arranged on an upper plate and a right side plate at the left end of the vacuum chamber, so that the flat car can simultaneously carry out ground dust collection and inner wall sweeping on a subway tunnel in the driving process, and has the advantages of compact structure, high sweeping speed and high efficiency. However, the method not only can cause the phenomenon of flying dust in the cleaning process, but also consumes a large amount of electric energy in operation; in addition, the running speed of the vehicle is required to be in a low speed state, so that the cleaning efficiency is low.
Aiming at a method of combining dust collection, blowing and sprinkling flushing, as disclosed in patent documents 'railway tunnel cleaning vehicle', CN101967809A and 2011.02.09, a control part, a dust collection part, a blowing part and a water flushing part are sequentially arranged on a flat car, in the running process of the flat car, the dust collection part, the blowing part and the water flushing part work simultaneously, the dust collection part arranged at the middle front part of the flat car is used for stripping and recycling dust deposit on tunnel walls and facilities in the tunnel, the blowing part arranged at the middle rear part of the flat car is used for carrying out dust collection, blowing and manual dust collection, blowing and treatment on ground garbage, sundries, dust and metal fine dust, and the water flushing part arranged below the flat car is used for flushing and cleaning local stubborn stains of the subway tunnel. The invention has the characteristics of compact structure, comprehensive functions, good effect and the like. However, the implementation of the method not only requires a large amount of water resources and electric power sources, but also causes the diffusion of moisture in the subway tunnel due to a large amount of water spraying, and even freezes in winter, thereby bringing great disadvantages to the running of the train and the safety of passengers. In addition, the running speed of the vehicle is within 5km/h, so that the cleaning efficiency is greatly reduced.
Aiming at a method of combining vacuum dust collection with rolling brush rolling sweeping and high-pressure water cleaning, as disclosed in non-patent literature (development and research of subway tunnel cleaning vehicle technology), the university of Shandong is a institute of major, and section is known to, 2011.11.30, a vacuum system suction system, a rolling brush rolling sweeping system and a high-pressure water flushing system are sequentially arranged on a flat car, and in the running process of the flat car, the vacuum system suction system, the rolling brush rolling sweeping system and the high-pressure water flushing system work simultaneously to clean the inner wall, the ground and local stubborn stains of a subway tunnel respectively, so that the functions are comprehensive. However, the problem with this method is also the consumption of large amounts of water and electric energy and the disadvantages of large amounts of water spraying for the operation of the train and the safety of the passengers. In addition, the running speed of the vehicle is within 5km/h, so that the cleaning efficiency is greatly reduced.
In addition, a tunnel cleaning vehicle is introduced from germany by Beijing subway company 10 in 2014, and the cleaning vehicle consists of a traction running part, a traction braking part, a cleaning part, a garbage collection part, a cab, an electric control part and the like; the tunnel cleaning vehicle uses the principle of a dust collector, and only has stronger power. And the periphery of each dust collection opening is provided with a wind blowing opening, and the strong wind power blown out by the wind blowing opening after the function is started can form an air curtain to guide dust to enter the function range of the dust collection opening and then be absorbed and concentrated for storage. The vehicle has high automation level, is easy to learn and control and convenient to overhaul and maintain, and can effectively remove dust attached to the inner wall of a tunnel and equipment and facilities.
In summary, although the above schemes are all based on the fact that subway tunnels are effectively cleaned, each scheme has a fatal defect that a large amount of electric energy is consumed and the device runs at a low speed to achieve a certain effect, so that the running time of the device is too long and the cleaning efficiency is too low; in addition, the implementation of the scheme can be realized only by running special purifying train equipment in a tunnel, so that the great hidden trouble that subway trains cannot normally run due to the fact that electric equipment on the inner wall of the tunnel or equipment itself is scratched when the purifying equipment is in operation is caused, and great disadvantages are brought to the running of the trains and the safety of passengers.
For another method for installing a plurality of purifying devices on the inner wall of a subway tunnel to purify tunnel air, the current purifying technology is divided into: dry fog purification technology, atomization spray head purification technology, adsorption filtration purification technology, electrostatic purification technology, anion purification technology and the like, and the implementation scheme is as follows: the purification equipment for single or multiple technology mixed use is arranged on the inner walls of multiple places of the whole subway tunnel, and the purification purpose is achieved through the joint work of the equipment. However, the defects are obvious, namely, the purification method needs to arrange and install a plurality of devices on the whole tunnel to achieve the purification purpose, and a large amount of post-treatment work is also needed, so that manpower and material resources are wasted, and a large amount of inconvenience is brought to the whole maintenance agent of the devices, so that the purification efficiency is low.
When the train runs in the tunnel, due to the limitation of the space formed by the tunnel walls, the air pushed by the train cannot completely bypass behind the train, and part of the air can be necessarily pushed forward by the train and discharged outside the tunnel outlet; the negative pressure vortex area exists behind the tail end of the train, so that corresponding air is inevitably introduced into the tunnel through the opening, thereby forming a 'piston wind', and the effect formed by the movement of the train in the tunnel is called a 'piston effect'. When a train is running in a tunnel, the "piston effect" causes air movement and changes in air pressure due to the generally large ratio of train cross-sectional area to tunnel cross-sectional area (blocking ratio): when the piston wind is weaker, the induced air movement and air pressure are not obvious; however, when the "pistoning wind" is strong, it will cause excessive wind speeds, which will carry up dust or dirt on the walls. Therefore, when the piston wind is stronger, the negative pressure behind the tail end of the train is larger, a large part of air pushed by the train flows around to the rear of the train through the gap between the train and the tunnel wall, and the smaller the gap between the train and the tunnel wall and the ground is within a certain range, the higher the wind speed of the flowing around is, the more the pollutants on the tunnel wall and the ground are lifted, and the more thoroughly the pollutants are cleared.
According to the non-patent literature 'numerical simulation of the piston wind of a subway train' (university of Nanjing's university's Shuoshi treatises, package billows, 2005.06), it is known that increasing the running speed of a subway train, increasing the blocking ratio of a tunnel, extending the length of a train and the like can all increase the speed of the piston wind of the train. Wherein the running speed of the train and the blocking ratio of the tunnel have great influence, and the speed change of the piston wind caused by the speed of the train is the largest and almost in a linear and proportional relation.
According to non-patent literature (doctor's academic paper of the university of the same university, wang Lihui, 2007.03) on the basis of subway piston wind and subway environmental control energy conservation, when a train runs in a tunnel, the highest pressure point in the tunnel appears at the train head, the lowest pressure point appears at the train tail and negative pressure appears at the same moment.
Therefore, the purification treatment of the subway tunnel can clean the inner wall and the ground of the tunnel by using the high-speed air flow generated by the piston effect of the train in the tunnel, thereby solving the fatal defect that the subway tunnel depends on an additional power device to a great extent and can achieve a certain effect only by running at a low speed, and greatly saving the resource waste and the cost. Under the background, a design scheme of purifying the air of the subway tunnel by adopting static treatment and dynamic is developed by combining the current treatment technology, namely the subway tunnel air environment purifying system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air environment purification system of a subway tunnel and an operation method thereof, in particular to an air environment purification system which is arranged in the subway tunnel and is relatively closed along the inner wall of the tunnel, and each functional unit in the purification system is utilized to purify polluted air in the tunnel nearby caused by piston wind formed by movement of a train in the tunnel, so that the air environment in the whole subway tunnel is purified through multiple operations of the train. The system has obvious advantages in the aspects of cost, convenient construction, convenient operation and maintenance and the like, not only greatly reduces the energy consumption, but also greatly reduces the manpower and material resources required by installation and later maintenance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an air environment purifying system for a subway tunnel comprises a relatively closed unit, a polluted air purifying unit, a metal pollutant recovering unit and an electric control unit,
the air curtain device comprises an air curtain frame, a plurality of spray heads, the spray heads are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the air curtain frame, the air collecting box is arranged at the top of the purification system, the lower surface of the air collecting box is provided with a plurality of air inlets, one end of the air collecting box adjacent to the outlet of the purification system is provided with an air outlet, the air collecting box is internally provided with an air purifying device adjacent to the air outlet, the high-pressure air compressing devices are respectively arranged at the outer sides of two ends of the purification system, the air pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet of the purification system, the proximity switch is respectively arranged at the top of the inlet and the outlet of the purification system, the air outlet of the air collecting box and one of the air curtain frame are uniformly distributed, one air pipeline device at the outlet of the air curtain frame is connected with one air inlet of the air collecting box through one sealing device, the air inlet of the air collecting box is connected with the air inlet of the air purifying system through one sealing device, the air inlet of the air compressing devices is connected with the air inlet of the sealing device through the sealing device, and the air compressing device is connected with the air inlet of the sealing device through the sealing device at the outer side of the air outlet of the air purifying system;
the polluted air purifying unit comprises an anion purifying device, an upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device, a negative pressure dust collecting device, a large wave adsorption type purifying device, a lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device and an ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device, wherein the number of the devices is two, the devices are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the purifying station in a symmetrical mode, the anion purifying device is arranged at the two side positions of the lower surface of the air collecting box, the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device is arranged below the anion purifying device, the negative pressure dust collecting device and the large wave adsorption type purifying device are sequentially arranged below the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device from the inlet to the outlet of the purifying system, an air outlet is arranged at one end, close to the outlet of the purifying system, of the large wave adsorption type purifying device, the air outlet extends to the outer side of the outlet of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline, the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the purifying system, the ultra-coarse surface adsorption type purifying device is arranged near the inlet of the purifying system, the ultra-coarse surface purifying device is arranged near the inlet of the ultra-coarse surface purifying device, the air outlet is arranged near the two end of the ultra-coarse surface purifying device, and the air outlet is arranged near the air outlet of the ultra-coarse surface purifying device, and the air outlet is respectively arranged near the air outlet of the ultra-coarse surface purifying device, and the air purifying device is arranged near the air outlet, and the air outlet is arranged near the air purifying device, and the air outlet and the air purifying device respectively;
the metal pollutant recovery unit comprises a collection device and an electromagnetic device, the width of the collection device is the same as the distance between the inner sides of the rails and is inlaid at the bottom between the two rails, three to ten collection grooves are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the collection device, and the electromagnetic device is arranged at the inlet of the collection grooves.
Preferably, the electric control unit is arranged on the tunnel wall outside the outlet end of the purification system and comprises an operation screen, a circuit control device and a control device box, wherein the operation screen and the circuit control device are arranged on the control device box, and the circuit control device is respectively and electrically connected with the high-pressure air compression equipment, the air purification device, the negative ion purification device, the upper exhaust air dust cleaning device, the negative pressure dust collection device, the lower exhaust air dust cleaning device, the exhaust fan, the wind pressure sensor, the proximity switch and the electromagnetic device.
Preferably, the air purifying device in the air collecting box is an electrostatic dust removing device.
Preferably, the wave profile surface of the large wave adsorption type purifying device is a wavy continuous smooth curved surface.
Preferably, the length ratio of the negative pressure dust collection device to the large wave adsorption type purifying device in the running direction of the train is 1:2-1:10.
Preferably, the big wave adsorption type purifying device and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption type purifying device are respectively provided with an air extractor at the air outlet position.
Preferably, the air purifying materials arranged in the large wave adsorption purifying device and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device are MOFs purifying materials.
Preferably, the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device and the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device are micro-nano bubble cleaning devices.
The invention also discloses an operation method of the subway tunnel air environment purification system,
1) When a train is about to enter a station in operation, a wind pressure sensor at the inlet position of the purification system detects piston wind, high-pressure air compression equipment at the outlet of the purification system, an air purification device in the air collecting box and an electromagnetic device of the metal pollutant recovery unit are simultaneously started, the piston wind enters the air collecting box through the inlet of the air collecting box and is purified through the air purification device, then enters one air curtain device at the outlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline, and meanwhile, the outlet of the high-pressure air compression equipment at the outlet position of the purification system enters the other air curtain device at the outlet position of the purification system through another sealing pipeline to form a double air curtain.
2) When the train runs in the purifying system, the protruding part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device increases disturbance of piston wind, so that the piston wind is promoted to form a high-speed turbulent flow area at the concave-convex part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device, enters the inside of the device through the micro-nano holes, is further purified through the air purifying material, and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purifying station through a sealing pipeline connected with an air outlet of the device; meanwhile, the ultra-coarse surface of the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purification device strongly adsorbs polluted air and part of metal pollutants generated by friction between a train and a track, the polluted air enters the device through the micro-nano holes, the purification material further purifies the entered polluted air, and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purification station through a sealing pipeline connected with an air outlet of the device;
3) When the tail part of the train passes through the inlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device and the high-pressure air compression equipment at the inlet of the purification system are simultaneously started, and the tail part of the train and an air curtain at the inlet of the purification system form strong negative pressure to adsorb a large amount of dust in polluted air;
4) When the tail part of the train passes through the outlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device is closed, the negative ion purification device is started for 30 seconds at the same time, the polluted air in the station is further purified, then the electromagnetic device of the metal pollutant recovery unit is closed, and the upper and lower exhaust gas dust cleaning devices are simultaneously started for 1 minute, so that the polluted air in the station is thoroughly purified;
5) The air purification work of the purification system is completed by the steps, all units of the purification system stop running and wait for the arrival of the next train.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the subway tunnel air environment purification system provided by the invention is used as a relatively closed purification space to purify polluted air in tunnels nearby the space, and the polluted air in the whole tunnel can be intelligently purified by taking 4-5 purification systems (taking the full length of Beijing No. 1 subway line as an example) reasonably distributed in the whole subway tunnel and by means of piston wind formed during train operation, so that the defects of high energy consumption, high later management cost and the like of mobile tunnel cleaning equipment and distributed installation equipment are overcome by a static braking integrated purification mode.
2. The mode that air purification device and collection bellows combined together utilizes the piston wind to purify through air purification device as the power wind regime, has saved the fan power device in the air purification device, has effectively practiced thrift the energy consumption.
3. The air outlet of the air collecting box at the outlet of the chemical system is connected with the air curtain device through a sealing pipeline, thereby not only achieving the purpose of increasing the air quantity of the air curtain, but also reasonably utilizing the working pressure difference of the air curtain device and keeping the air pressure balance inside the purification system.
4. In the operation process in the purification system, the protruding part of the large wave adsorption type purification device is added with disturbance of piston wind, so that the piston wind is promoted to form a high-speed turbulent flow area at the concave-convex part of the large wave adsorption type purification device, and enters the device through the micro-nano holes to be further purified through the air purification material.
5. The ultra-rough surface adsorption purification device and the metal pollutant recovery unit are matched to operate, so that the problems of metal pollutants and dust particles at the bottom of a tunnel are effectively purified, and the conventional method of manually flushing at present is broken.
6. In the starting process of the dust collection device, a large amount of dust particles in polluted air are adsorbed, so that the problem of dust generation after a train passes through is effectively solved;
7. the negative ion purification device and the upper and lower exhaust gas dust cleaning devices are matched to operate, so that the air quality in the purification system is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the whole structure of an air environment purification system of a subway tunnel according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a relatively closed cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a polluted air purification unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a metal contaminant recovery unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrical control unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the air curtain device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the contaminated air purification unit inlet of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the contaminated air purification unit outlet of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of operation of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-relative closed unit, 101-air curtain device, 101 a-air curtain frame, 101 b-spray head, 102-high pressure air compression equipment, 103-air collecting box, 104-air purifying device, 105-air collecting box air inlet, 2-polluted air purifying unit, 201-upper exhaust air dust cleaning device, 202-anion purifying device, 203-large wave adsorption purifying device, 204-negative pressure dust collecting device, 205-lower exhaust air dust cleaning device, 206-ultra-rough surface adsorption purifying device, 207-air purifying material, 208-ultra-rough surface adsorption purifying device air outlet sealing pipeline, 209-large wave adsorption purifying device air outlet sealing pipeline, 3-metal pollutant recovery unit, 301-collecting device, 302-electromagnetic device, 303-collecting tank, 4-electric control unit, 401-operation screen, 402-circuit control device, 403-control device box, 5-tunnel, 6-inlet and 7-train.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention discloses a subway tunnel air environment purification system, comprising a relatively closed unit 1, a polluted air purification unit 2, a metal pollutant recovery unit 3 and an electric control unit 4,
the opposite sealing unit 1 comprises a gas curtain device 101, a gas collecting box 103, a high-pressure air compressing device 102, a wind pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) and two proximity switches (not shown in the figure), wherein the number of the gas curtain devices 101 is three, one gas curtain device 101 is arranged at the inlet position of the purifying system, the other two gas curtain devices are arranged at the outlet position of the purifying system side by side, the three gas curtain devices 101 comprise a gas curtain frame 101a and a plurality of spray heads 101b, the spray heads 101b are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the gas curtain frame 101a, the gas collecting box 103 is arranged at the top of the purifying system, the lower surface of the gas collecting box 103 is provided with a plurality of wind inlets 105, one end of the gas collecting box 103 close to the outlet of the purifying system is provided with an air outlet (not shown in the figure), and an air purifying device 104 is arranged in the air collecting box 103 near the position of the air outlet (not shown in the figure), the number of the high-pressure air compressing devices 102 is two, the two high-pressure air compressing devices are respectively arranged at the outer sides of two ends of the purifying system, the air pressure sensors (not shown in the figure) are arranged at the inlet position of the purifying system, the two proximity switches (not shown in the figure) are respectively arranged at the top parts of the inlet and the outlet of the purifying system, the air outlet (not shown in the figure) of the air collecting box 103 is connected with one air curtain device 101 at the outlet position of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline (not shown in the figure), the outlet of the high-pressure air compressing device 102 at the outer side of the outlet end of the purifying system is connected with the other air curtain device 101 at the outlet position of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline (not shown in the figure), the outlet of the high-pressure air compression device 102 outside the inlet end of the purification system is connected with the air curtain device 101 at the inlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline (not shown in the figure), and the sealing pipelines (not shown in the figure) are independent air supply pipelines and have no pressure-cross phenomenon;
the polluted air purifying unit 2 comprises an anion purifying device 202, an upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device 201, a negative pressure dust absorbing device 204, a big wave absorbing type purifying device 203, a lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device 205 and an ultra-coarse surface absorbing type purifying device 206, wherein the two devices are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the purifying station in a symmetrical mode, the anion purifying device 202 is arranged at two side positions of the lower surface of the wind collecting box 103, the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device 201 is arranged below the anion purifying device 202, the negative pressure dust absorbing device 204 and the big wave absorbing type purifying device 203 are sequentially arranged below the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device 201 from the inlet to the outlet of the purifying system, an air outlet (not shown in the figure) is arranged at one end of the big wave absorbing type purifying device 203 close to the outlet of the purifying system, the air outlet (not shown) extends to the outside of the outlet of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline 209, the lower exhaust air dust cleaning device 205 is arranged below the negative pressure dust suction device 204 and the large wave adsorption purifying device 203, the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device 206 is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the purifying system, an air outlet (not shown) is arranged at one end of the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device 206 adjacent to the outlet of the purifying system, the air outlet (not shown) extends to the outside of the outlet of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline 208, the surfaces of the large wave adsorption purifying device 203 and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device 206 are provided with dense micro-nano holes, and air purifying materials 207 are respectively arranged inside the two devices;
the metal pollutant recovery unit 3 comprises a collection device 301 and an electromagnetic device 302, wherein the width of the collection device 301 is the same as the distance between the inner sides of the rails and is embedded at the bottom between the two rails, a plurality of collection grooves 303 are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the collection device 301, and the electromagnetic device 302 is arranged at the inlet of the collection grooves 303.
The electric control unit 4 is arranged on the tunnel wall outside the outlet end of the purification system, and comprises an operation panel 401, a circuit control device 402 and a control device box 403, wherein the operation panel 401 and the circuit control device 402 are arranged on the control device box 403, and the circuit control device 402 is respectively and electrically connected with the high-pressure air compression equipment 102, the air purification device 104, the anion purification device 202, the upper exhaust air dust cleaning device 201, the negative pressure dust collection device 204, the lower exhaust air dust cleaning device 205, an exhaust fan (not shown in the figure), a wind pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), a proximity switch (not shown in the figure) and the electromagnetic device 302.
The air purifying device 104 in the air collecting box 103 is an electrostatic dust removing device.
The wave profile surface of the large wave adsorption type purifying device 203 is a wave-shaped continuous smooth curved surface.
The large wave adsorption type cleaning device 203 and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption type cleaning device 206 are respectively provided with an air extractor (not shown) at the air outlet positions thereof.
The air purifying materials 207 arranged in the big wave adsorption purifying device 203 and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device 206 are MOFs purifying materials.
The upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device 201 and the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device 205 are micro-nano bubble cleaning devices.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present invention further provides an operation method of the subway tunnel air environment purification system, the purification system is operated by adopting a mode of operation of a single subway tunnel air environment purification system, and the total length of the purification system is 100m, wherein the length ratio of the negative pressure dust collection device 204 to the large wave adsorption purification device 203 in the train operation direction is 1:9, and the specific operation method is as follows:
1) When a train is going to enter a station, a wind pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) at the inlet position of the purification system detects piston wind, high-pressure air compression equipment 102 at the outlet of the purification system, an air purification device 104 inside a wind collecting box 103 and an electromagnetic device 302 of the metal pollutant recovery unit 3 are simultaneously opened, the piston wind enters the wind collecting box 103 through a wind collecting box air inlet 105 and is purified through the air purification device 104, then enters one air curtain device 101 at the outlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline (not shown in the figure), and at the same time, the outlet of the high-pressure air compression equipment 102 at the outlet position of the purification system enters the other air curtain device 101 at the outlet position of the purification system through another sealing pipeline (not shown in the figure) to finally form a double air curtain.
2) When the train runs in the purifying system, the convex part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device 203 reduces the gap between the train wall and the train wall, the wind pressure and the wind speed of piston wind are increased, the concave part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device 203 enables the piston wind to form a high-speed turbulent flow area and enter the inside of the device through micro-nano holes, the air is further purified through the air purifying material 207, and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purifying station through a sealing pipeline 209 connected with an air outlet of the device; meanwhile, the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purification device 206 performs strong adsorption on polluted air and part of metal pollutants generated by friction between a train and a track through the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purification device, enters the device through the micro-nano holes, performs further purification through an air purification material, and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purification station through a sealing pipeline 208 connected with an air outlet of the device;
3) When the tail part of the train passes through the inlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device 204 and the high-pressure air compression equipment 102 at the inlet of the purification system are simultaneously started, and the tail part of the train and an air curtain at the inlet of the purification system form strong negative pressure to absorb a large amount of dust in polluted air;
4) When the tail part of the train passes through the outlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device 204 is closed, meanwhile, the negative ion purification device 202 is opened for 30 seconds, the polluted air in the station is further purified, then the electromagnetic device 302 of the metal pollutant recovery unit 3 is closed, and the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device 201 and the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device 205 are simultaneously opened for 1 minute, so that the polluted air in the station is thoroughly purified;
5) The air purification work of the purification system is completed by the steps, all units of the purification system stop running and wait for the arrival of the next train;
6) After the multi-trip train passes through the purification system, the whole tunnel air is purified.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a subway tunnel air circumstance clean system which characterized in that: comprises a relatively closed unit (1), a polluted air purifying unit (2), a metal pollutant recycling unit (3) and an electric control unit (4),
the relatively closed unit (1) comprises air curtain devices (101), an air collecting box (103), high-pressure air compression equipment (102), a plurality of air inlets (105) and a proximity switch, wherein the number of the air curtain devices (101) is three, one air curtain device is arranged at the inlet position of the purification system, the other two air curtain devices are arranged at the outlet position of the purification system side by side, the three air curtain devices (101) comprise an air curtain frame (101 a) and a plurality of spray heads (101 b), the spray heads (101 b) are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the air curtain frame (101 a), the air collecting box (103) is arranged at the top of the purification system, the lower surface of the air collecting box (103) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (105), one end, close to the outlet of the purification system, of the air collecting box (103) is internally provided with an air purification device (104), the number of the high-pressure air compression equipment (102) is two, the air pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the outer sides of two ends of the purification system, the air pressure sensors are arranged at the purification system, the air inlet position of the purification system, the number of the air inlet sensors are respectively close to the air inlets of the two air inlets of the air curtain devices (103) and the air inlets are respectively arranged at the inlet position of the air inlets of the air collecting box (103) and the air outlets of the air inlets are respectively, the air outlets of the air outlets are connected with the air collecting system through the air inlets (101 respectively, the outlet of the high-pressure air compression device (102) at the outer side of the outlet end of the purification system is connected with the other air curtain device (101) at the outlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline, the outlet of the high-pressure air compression device (102) at the outer side of the inlet end of the purification system is connected with the air curtain device (101) at the inlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline, and the sealing pipelines are independent air supply pipelines and have no pressure-cross phenomenon;
the polluted air purifying unit (2) comprises an anion purifying device (202), an upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device (201), a negative pressure dust absorbing device (204), a big wave absorbing purifying device (203), a lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device (205) and an ultra-coarse surface absorbing purifying device (206), wherein the two devices are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the purifying station in a symmetrical mode, the anion purifying device (202) is arranged at the two side positions of the lower surface of the air collecting box (103), the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device (201) is arranged below the anion purifying device (202), the negative pressure dust absorbing device (204) and the big wave absorbing purifying device (203) are sequentially arranged below the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device (201) from the inlet to the outlet of the purifying system, an air outlet is arranged at one end of the big wave absorbing purifying device (203) close to the outlet of the purifying system, the air outlet extends to the outer side of the outlet of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline (209), the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device (205) is arranged close to the upper exhaust gas dust absorbing device (201) and the ultra-coarse surface of the purifying device (206) is arranged at one end of the upper exhaust gas dust absorbing device (203) close to the bottom of the purifying device (206), the air exhaust port extends to the outer side of an outlet of the purifying system through a sealing pipeline (208), dense micro-nano holes are formed in the surfaces of the large wave adsorption purifying device (203) and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purifying device (206), and air purifying materials (207) are respectively arranged in the two devices;
the metal pollutant recovery unit (3) comprises a collection device (301) and an electromagnetic device (302), wherein the width of the collection device (301) is the same as the distance between the inner sides of the rails and the collection device is embedded at the bottom between the two rails, three to ten collection grooves (303) are uniformly formed in the upper surface of the collection device (301), and the electromagnetic device (302) is arranged at the inlet of the collection groove (303).
2. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the air purifying device (104) in the air collecting box (103) is an electrostatic dust removing device.
3. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the wave profile surface of the large wave adsorption type purifying device (203) is a wave-shaped continuous smooth curved surface.
4. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the length ratio of the negative pressure dust collection device (204) to the large wave adsorption type purifying device (203) in the running direction of the train is 1:2-1:10.
5. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the big wave adsorption type purifying device (203) and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption type purifying device (206) are respectively provided with an air extractor at the air outlet position.
6. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the air purifying materials (207) arranged in the large wave adsorption type purifying device (203) and the ultra-coarse surface adsorption type purifying device (206) are MOFs purifying materials.
7. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device (201) and the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device (205) are micro-nano bubble cleaning devices.
8. The subway tunnel air environment purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the electric control unit (4) is arranged on the tunnel wall outside the outlet end of the purification system and comprises an operation panel (401), a circuit control device (402) and a control device box (403), wherein the operation panel (401) and the circuit control device (402) are arranged on the control device box (403), and the circuit control device (402) is electrically connected with the high-pressure air compression equipment (102), the air purification device (104), the anion purification device (202), the upper emptying gas dust cleaning device (201), the negative pressure dust suction device (204), the lower emptying gas dust cleaning device (205), the exhaust fan, the wind pressure sensor, the proximity switch and the electromagnetic device (302) respectively.
9. The operation method of the subway tunnel air environment purification system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) when a train is about to enter a station in operation, a wind pressure sensor at the inlet position of the purification system detects piston wind, high-pressure air compression equipment (102) at the outlet of the purification system, an air purification device (104) in a wind collecting box (103) and an electromagnetic device (302) of a metal pollutant recovery unit (3) are simultaneously opened, the piston wind enters the wind collecting box (103) through a wind inlet (105) of the wind collecting box and is purified through the air purification device (104), then enters one air curtain device (101) at the outlet position of the purification system through a sealing pipeline, and meanwhile, the outlet of the high-pressure air compression equipment (102) at the outlet position of the purification system enters the other air curtain device (101) at the outlet position of the purification system through another sealing pipeline to form a double air curtain;
2) When the train runs in the purifying system, the protruding part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device (203) increases disturbance of piston wind, so that the piston wind is promoted to form a high-speed turbulent flow area at the concave-convex part of the large wave adsorption type purifying device (203), enters the inside of the device through the micro-nano holes, is further purified through the air purifying material (207), and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purifying station through a sealing pipeline (209) connected with an air outlet of the device; meanwhile, the ultra-coarse surface of the ultra-coarse surface adsorption purification device (206) is used for carrying out strong adsorption on polluted air and part of metal pollutants generated by friction between a train and a track, the polluted air enters the device through micro-nano holes, the purification material is used for further purifying the entering polluted air, and the purified air is discharged into a tunnel in front of a purification station through a sealing pipeline (208) connected with an air outlet of the device;
3) When the tail part of the train passes through the inlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device (204) and the high-pressure air compression equipment (102) at the inlet of the purification system are simultaneously started, and the tail part of the train and an air curtain at the inlet of the purification system form strong negative pressure to adsorb a large amount of dust in polluted air;
4) When the tail part of the train passes through the outlet of the purification system, the negative pressure dust collection device (204) is closed, the negative ion purification device (202) is opened for 30 seconds, the polluted air in the station is further purified, then the electromagnetic device (302) of the metal pollutant recovery unit 3 is closed, and the upper exhaust gas dust cleaning device (201) and the lower exhaust gas dust cleaning device (205) are simultaneously opened for 1 minute, so that the polluted air in the station is thoroughly purified;
5) The steps complete the air purification work of the purification system, all units of the purification system stop running and wait for the arrival of the next train.
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| DE102019119017A1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-16 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Station, access control device for a station and use of an access control device |
| CN111111905B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 河南职业技术学院 | Subway air monitoring and purifying system |
| CN112962503A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 高晓风 | Dust keeper for construction |
| CN113513812A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-19 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Particulate matter purification system in inlet and outlet and control method thereof |
| CN113669100B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2024-05-21 | 廊坊康平空调制造有限公司 | Portable tunnel construction air isolation system with dust fall function |
| CN113847081B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2024-06-07 | 山西五洲科技有限公司 | Tunnel dust removal equipment and dust removal method thereof |
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| JPH07284689A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Air cleaning device |
| CN104359175A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-18 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Water-base air purifying device for haze and dust environments |
| CN207562650U (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-07-03 | 秦皇岛首创思泰意达环保科技有限公司 | A kind of subway tunnel air environment cleaning system |
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| JPH07284689A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Air cleaning device |
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