CN107459100B - Get rid of dirty device of bushing type purification of farmland water pesticide residue - Google Patents
Get rid of dirty device of bushing type purification of farmland water pesticide residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN107459100B CN107459100B CN201710815962.6A CN201710815962A CN107459100B CN 107459100 B CN107459100 B CN 107459100B CN 201710815962 A CN201710815962 A CN 201710815962A CN 107459100 B CN107459100 B CN 107459100B
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Abstract
The invention provides a sleeve type dirt cleaning device for efficiently removing pesticide residues in farmland water, which structurally comprises a hollow organic glass outer pipe, a PVC transparent inner pipe, an organic glass box, an organic glass partition plate, a movable intercepting net and a clamping groove, wherein the hollow organic glass outer pipe is connected with the PVC transparent inner pipe; wherein the PVC transparent inner tube is positioned in the hollow organic glass outer tube, and two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube are provided with movable interception nets; the hollow organic glass outer pipe and the PVC transparent inner pipe are assembled to form a pollution cleaning sleeve, the pollution cleaning sleeve is positioned in the organic glass box, a clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the organic glass box, and the organic glass partition plate is fixed on the clamping groove; the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube is covered with a nano photocatalyst loading layer, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube are both covered with pesticide degrading bacteria loading layers. The advantages are that: the efficiency of the removal of pesticide residue in the farmland water is improved, and convenient to use, low cost can repeatedly use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sleeve type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water, and belongs to the technical field of pesticide non-point source pollution control.
Background
Pesticide pollution becomes a type of organic pollution with the largest influence range in China, and the organic pollution has sustainability and agricultural product enrichment; with the long-term application of a large amount of pesticides, the pesticide pollution in farmland effluent is increasingly serious and becomes one of important sources of agricultural non-point source pollution, the farmland polluted water body influences the growth of aquatic organisms and threatens human health after entering water area ecosystems such as rivers, lakes and the like, and the effective removal of pesticide residues in the farmland water body has important significance for guaranteeing the water environment safety.
In recent years, researches on removal of pesticide residues in water mainly focus on two fields of microbial degradation and photocatalytic degradation; microbial degradation relies primarily on the growth of pesticide-degrading bacteria to convert pesticides into non-toxic products (e.g., H) through metabolic activity2O、CO2) Has the advantages of low cost, good effect, no secondary pollution and the like; in practical application, the microorganism degradation method mostly combines the microorganism with a porous carrier or a cross-linking agent to prepare a powdery or granular degradation microbial inoculum which is directly thrown into a water body for carrying outThe repair has the problems of difficult recovery, easy loss of degradation bacteria and the like; in another main research direction, the photocatalytic pesticide degradation method utilizes photo-excited nano-catalyst to generate photo-generated electron hole and H2O、OH-The action generates strong oxidizing substances, thereby degrading organic pollutants such as pesticide and the like into nontoxic harmful substances.
With the development of a photocatalytic technology and the research and development of various novel nano materials, the photocatalytic pesticide pollution removal has great application potential; in the current practical application, the nano photocatalyst is mostly in a powder shape, the problems of difficult recovery, low utilization rate, potential environmental hazard and the like also exist in the polluted water body remediation, the nano catalyst needs good light source coverage when in use, and the existing carrier for loading the nano photocatalyst is mostly in a carrier type with poor light transmittance such as porous carbon and the like, so that the nano photocatalyst can not be fully used.
In addition, the existing mature farmland pesticide pollution control technology (such as constructed wetland technology) generally has the problems of large occupied area, high cost, difficult maintenance and the like in practical farmland application, and the technology per se mostly selects a method to repair the pesticide polluted water body (such as a microbial repair method), and the applied repair method is single and has a series of unstable factors, so that the large-area popularization and use are difficult; therefore, the research and development of a pesticide pollution cleaning device which is efficient, convenient, simple to implement and stable in performance is urgent by combining a plurality of repairing methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sleeve type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water, and aims to apply microbial degradation and photocatalytic degradation in a combined manner, improve the degradation efficiency of organic pesticides in the farmland water and accelerate the removal of the pesticide residues.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a sleeve type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water structurally comprises a hollow organic glass outer tube 1, a PVC transparent inner tube 2, an organic glass box 5, an organic glass partition plate 6, a movable interception net 9 and a clamping groove 11; wherein, the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is arranged in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1, and two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 are provided with movable interception nets 9; the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 and the PVC transparent inner tube 2 are assembled to form a pollution cleaning sleeve 12, the pollution cleaning sleeve 12 is positioned in the organic glass box 5, a clamping groove 11 is formed in the inner wall of the organic glass box 5, and the organic glass partition plate 6 is fixed on the clamping groove 11; the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 is covered with a nano photocatalyst loading layer 7, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube 2 are both covered with pesticide degradation bacteria loading layers 8.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the device combines photocatalytic pesticide degradation and microbial pesticide degradation in a coupling mode, and the removal efficiency of pesticide residues in farmland water is effectively improved.
(2) The sleeve type design increases the contact area of the polluted water body and the sewage purification device.
(3) Organic glass case, organic glass baffle and cavity organic glass outer tube, PVC transparent hose all have good light transmissivity in this device, and organic glass incasement can be put into to the sleeve pipe that has assembled, and this structure can make light see through again when effectively separating photocatalyst and degradation microbial inoculum, effectively guarantees the photocatalytic degradation and plays a role.
(4) The device can freely adjust the quantity and the specification of the built-in sleeves as required, is convenient to use in farmland drainage ditches, is convenient to assemble and disassemble in a sleeve type structure, is low in cost, is easy to obtain materials, and can be repeatedly used for multiple times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in practical application in a field trench.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a hollow plexiglas outer tube 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the PVC transparent inner tube 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow plexiglas outer tube 1 and a PVC transparent inner tube 2 together forming a decontamination sleeve 12.
In the attached drawing, 1 is a hollow organic glass outer pipe, 2 is a PVC transparent inner pipe (cluster), 3 is an elastic spacing lantern ring, 4 is a sleeve fixing nail, 5 is an organic glass box, 6 is an organic glass partition plate, 7 is a nano photocatalyst loading layer, 8 is a pesticide degrading bacteria loading layer, 9 is a movable interception net, 10 is a movable interception net door, 11 is a clamping groove, and 12 is a pollution cleaning sleeve.
Detailed Description
A sleeve type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water structurally comprises a hollow organic glass outer tube 1, a PVC transparent inner tube 2, an organic glass box 5, an organic glass partition plate 6, a movable interception net 9 and a clamping groove 11; wherein, the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is arranged in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1, and two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 are provided with movable interception nets 9; the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 and the PVC transparent inner tube 2 are assembled to form a pollution cleaning sleeve 12, the pollution cleaning sleeve 12 is positioned in the organic glass box 5, a clamping groove 11 is formed in the inner wall of the organic glass box 5, and the organic glass partition plate 6 is fixed on the clamping groove 11; the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 is covered with a nano photocatalyst loading layer 7, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube 2 are both covered with pesticide degradation bacteria loading layers 8.
N dirt-cleaning sleeves 12 are arranged in the organic glass box 5, and N = 5-20; an elastic spacing ring 3 is arranged on the outer surface of each hollow organic glass outer tube 1, M PVC transparent inner tubes 2 are arranged in each hollow organic glass outer tube 1, and M = 7-15; m PVC transparent inner tubes 2 are mutually fixed through sleeve fixing nails 4 to form a PVC transparent inner tube cluster; the sleeve fixing nail 4 is divided into two parts, namely a nail head and a snap fastener, the nail head can penetrate through the PVC transparent inner tubes 2, when a plurality of PVC transparent inner tubes 2 are needed, after the PVC transparent inner tubes 2 are loaded with the pesticide degrading bacteria loading layer 8, every two nail heads can penetrate through the PVC transparent inner tubes 2 and are combined with the snap fastener, and the purpose of fixing the PVC transparent inner tube cluster is achieved; the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 and the PVC transparent inner tube 2 in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 jointly form a pollution cleaning sleeve 12.
The periphery of the organic glass box 5 is made of organic glass, the two sides of the organic glass box are provided with movable intercepting net doors 10, and the intercepting net doors 10 can be opened or closed.
The outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 is subjected to rough treatment, so that the adhesion strength of the nano photocatalyst is improved; the movable interception nets 9 at the two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 can be opened and closed, when the PVC transparent inner tube 2 loaded with pesticide degradation bacteria needs to be placed, the movable interception nets 9 are opened, and after the placement is finished, the movable interception nets 9 are closed and fixed through buckles, so that the PVC inner tube cluster 2 is conveniently fixed in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1; after the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is arranged in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1, the pesticide degradation bacteria loaded on the PVC transparent inner tube 2 and the nano photocatalyst loaded on the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 exist in different areas without direct contact, so that the adverse effect of the nano photocatalyst on the pesticide degradation bacteria is effectively avoided.
The PVC transparent inner tube 2 is preferably a bendable transparent circular tube with waved inner and outer surfaces, and the waved design can obviously increase the loading area of pesticide degrading bacteria.
A plurality of clamping grooves 11 are formed in the organic glass box 5, and organic glass partition plates 6 are placed on the clamping grooves 11; the organic glass partition plates 6 are movable partition plate layers, the number of the partition plates to be placed can be selected according to the pesticide pollution degree of the farmland and the expected restoration effect, the organic glass partition plates 6 divide the organic glass box 5 into a certain number of spaces, and each layer of organic glass partition plate 6 can be provided with a pollution cleaning sleeve 12; the organic glass box 5 and the organic glass partition plate 6 are all made of fully transparent materials so as to ensure that the device has good light transmission; the elastic spacing lantern ring 3 outside the dirt purifying sleeve 12 can play a role in protecting the dirt purifying sleeve 12 and preventing the dirt purifying sleeve 12 from being cracked, when the dirt purifying sleeve 12 is placed into the organic glass box 5, the sliding phenomenon is inevitable due to the fact that the dirt purifying sleeve 12 is made of transparent glass, the elastic spacing lantern ring 3 made of anti-sliding materials can effectively prevent the dirt purifying sleeve 12 from sliding on the organic glass partition plate 6, and the service life of the device is prolonged; the two sides of the organic glass box 5 are provided with movable interception net doors 10, and the movable interception net doors 10 can be opened and closed, so that the sewage purification sleeve 12 can be conveniently put into and taken out of the organic glass box 5.
The method for loading the nano photocatalyst loading layer 7 on the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 comprises the following steps:
1) sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 with the rough outer surface in dilute nitric acid, absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is 35 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 20 min each time, and then the hollow organic glass outer tube is dried at room temperature;
2) the two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 after being dried are sealed by three layersThe oral membrane is wrapped and bundled to prevent the nano photocatalyst to be loaded from entering the hollow organic glass outer tube 1; carrying out nano photocatalyst loading on the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 by adopting a dipping and pulling method: fixing the sealed hollow organic glass outer tube 1 by crucible tongs or other tools capable of playing a role of holding, firstly immersing the sealed hollow organic glass outer tube 1 into nano silicon dioxide liquid, immersing for 2-3 min, lifting the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 out of the liquid surface, standing for 15 min, repeating the above immersion-standing process for 2-3 times, and enabling the surface of the outer tube 1 to be firstly loaded with a layer of silicon dioxide film so as to improve the loading strength of the nano photocatalyst; then clamping and fixing the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 loaded with the nano silicon dioxide film by crucible tongs or other tools, immersing the hollow organic glass outer tube into the nano photocatalyst negative carrier liquid for 5 min, taking out the liquid surface, standing for 15 min, repeating for 4-5 times, and rinsing for 10 min by pure water to remove the nano photocatalyst which is not closely attached; drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 loaded with the nano photocatalyst loading layer 7; the nano photocatalyst is preferably anatase type nano TiO2。
The method for loading the degrading bacteria loading layer 8 on the PVC transparent inner tube 2 comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a pesticide degrading bacterium liquid culture medium, transferring the pesticide degrading bacterium into the liquid culture medium, performing propagation culture to obtain a pesticide degrading bacterium liquid, centrifuging the pesticide degrading bacterium liquid at a rotating speed of 6000-8000 r/min for 5-15 min, collecting degrading bacterium, and mixing the degrading bacterium and a fixing agent according to a mass (fresh weight of bacterium) volume ratio of 1:10 (namely: adding every 1g of degrading bacteria into 10ml of fixing agent) and uniformly mixing to obtain degrading bacteria-fixing solution; the degrading bacteria are bacterial strains with high-efficiency degradation capability on one or more organic pesticides, and the fixing agent is preferably a 2% sodium alginate solution;
2) preparing 5% CaCl2The solution is used for clamping and fixing the PVC transparent inner tube 2 by using tweezers or other clamping tools, and is firstly immersed in 5 percent CaCl2Soaking the solution for 3 min, immediately soaking the solution in the degrading bacteria-fixing solution for 5 min, and then taking the PVC transparent inner tube 2 out of the liquid surface and standing for 4 hours for calcification crosslinking; repeating above CaCl2Dipping, degrading bacteria-fixing solution dipping and calcification crosslinking for 4-5 times, and placing the inner tube 2 in a chamberAnd drying for 24 hours at a warm temperature to obtain the PVC transparent inner tube 2 loaded with the degrading bacteria loading layer 8.
The pesticide degrading bacteria used in the pesticide degrading bacteria loading layer 8 can be specific pesticide degrading bacteria obtained after specific domestication culture, and can also be indigenous microorganisms of farmland water, and the attachment capacity of the indigenous microorganisms on the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is improved by coating a microorganism fixation layer on the PVC transparent inner tube 2; the method for loading indigenous microorganisms in the farmland water body comprises the following steps: preparing an LB agar culture medium which contains 10g/L of tryptone, 5 g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of sodium chloride and 10g/L of agar powder, immersing the PVC transparent inner tube 2 into the LB agar culture medium for 2 min after heating and sterilization, then extracting, and standing for 10 min to ensure that the liquid LB culture medium is solidified on the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube 2; repeating the process for 3-4 times to enable the culture medium to form LB agar layers on the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner pipe 2, and after the device is placed in a farmland drainage ditch, the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water body in the water body can accelerate the LB agar layers to adhere and grow on the PVC transparent inner pipe 2; the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water can degrade various pesticides remained in farmland returning water at the same time, but the required restoration time is increased.
When the device is used, a plurality of PVC transparent inner tubes 2 loaded with pesticide degrading bacteria are fixed and then are placed into a hollow organic glass outer tube 1 coated with a nano photocatalyst on the outer surface to form a pollution cleaning sleeve 12, an interception net 9 is closed, the plurality of pollution cleaning sleeves 12 are placed into an organic glass box 5, and then the organic glass box 5 provided with the pollution cleaning sleeves 12 is placed into a farmland drainage ditch; the interception net door 10 of the organic glass box 5 faces to the water flow direction of the farmland, so that the farmland drainage can flow through the nano photocatalyst load layer 7 and the degrading bacteria load layer 8 on the surface of the pollution cleaning sleeve 12 in the device, and the purposes of pesticide degradation and water body restoration are achieved; the movable interception net 9 and the movable interception net door 10 can intercept impurities such as large plant straws, stones and the like in water flow, so that the device is prevented from being blocked; after the device runs in a farmland ditch for a period of time, the dirt-cleaning sleeve 12 can be integrally taken out from the organic glass box 5, and residual silt in the organic glass box 5 is cleaned; after the pollution cleaning sleeve 12 is taken out, the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 and the PVC transparent inner tube 2 can be cleaned and then continuously loaded with the nano photocatalyst and the pesticide degradation bacteria, and the organic glass box 5 can be cleaned and sand-drained and then can be repeatedly loaded with the pollution cleaning sleeve 12 for use; it should be noted that when a large amount of water is drained from the ditch in rainy season or flood season, the device needs to be taken out of the ditch of the farmland as a whole, so as to avoid the case body from being broken due to water flow blockage or overlarge water flow.
In the invention, a hollow organic glass outer tube 1 and a PVC transparent inner tube 2 jointly form a pollution cleaning sleeve 12, an organic glass box 5 serving as a carrier fixing box is arranged in a farmland drainage ditch, and a plurality of pollution cleaning sleeves 12 are arranged in the organic glass box 5; when the polluted water flows through the pollution-removing sleeve in the organic glass box 5, the pesticide degrading bacteria and the nano photocatalyst loaded in the pollution-removing sleeve 12 play a role at the same time; it should be noted that multiple nano-photocatalysts usually inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and if the photocatalytic degradation and the microbial degradation are ensured to play a role at the same time, an isolation device needs to be designed to isolate two load carriers, the built-in pollution cleaning carrier of the device adopts an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the nano-photocatalyst is loaded on the outer surface of the outer pipe, and pesticide degradation bacteria are loaded on the surface of the inner pipe.
The present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be noted that the following embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and all similar structural and functional parts to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A sleeve type sewage purification device for removing chlorpyrifos residue in farmland water based on a microorganism-nano photocatalyst, wherein the nano photocatalyst is anatase type nano TiO2The microorganism is chlorpyrifos-degrading bacteriaSphingomonas sp.Dsp-2。
The hollow organic glass outer tube 1 is made of an organic glass material tube with a rough surface and good light transmittance, the outer diameter is 18cm, the inner diameter is 16cm and the length is 50 cm, the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is made of a wave-type PVC material tube with good light transmittance, the outer diameter is 5cm and the length is 50 cm, the size of the organic glass box is ×, the width is ×, the height is 50 × 60 × 60 cm, the size of the organic glass partition plate 6 is ×, the width is 50 × 60 cm, and the organic glass partition plate is selected according to the needs in actual useSelecting a corresponding number of PVC transparent inner tubes 2 loaded with chlorpyrifos-degrading bacteria load layers 8, preferably 7 tubes, fixing the adjacent two tubes with sleeve fixing nails 4 to each other, so that the PVC transparent inner tubes 2 form a tube bundle, and putting the PVC transparent inner tube bundle into the loaded anatase type nano TiO2The movable interception net 9 is closed in the tube body of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 to prevent the inner tube cluster 2 from sliding out; inserting the organic glass partition plate 6 into the organic glass box 5 to divide the box body of the organic glass box 5 into three layers; the completely combined dirt purification sleeves 12 are placed into the organic glass box 5 in a layered mode, 9 combined dirt purification sleeves 12 are placed in the organic glass box 5, and the elastic spacing rings 3 on the surfaces of the dirt purification sleeves 12 can effectively avoid the sliding of the dirt purification sleeves; after the movable interception net door 10 is placed, the machine glass box 5 can be placed in a water-returning ditch of a farmland which is applied with chlorpyrifos for a long time, and the arrangement direction enables the interception net door to face the water body flowing direction.
Anatase type nano TiO loaded hollow organic glass outer tube 12The method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of SiO by sol-gel method2And (2) sol, namely dripping dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution into an ethanol solution of ethyl orthosilicate at a constant speed and slowly under the stirring condition that the rotating speed of a magnetic stirrer is 1000 rpm, wherein the molar ratio of absolute ethanol, hydrochloric acid and the ethyl orthosilicate is 2: 4: 0.05, refluxing the mixed solution at the constant temperature of 70 ℃, stirring at 300 rpm for 3 hours, then sealing, standing in an oven at the temperature of 33 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain SiO2Sol;
2) preparation of anatase TiO by sol-gel method2And (2) sol, stirring the sol under the stirring condition that the rotating speed of a magnetic stirrer is 1000 rpm, and dropwise adding an isopropanol solution of a precursor n-butyl titanate into a dilute nitric acid aqueous solution with the pH of 2.5 at a constant speed, wherein the molar ratio of nitric acid to n-butyl titanate is 76: stirring at constant temperature of 1.42 and 75 ℃ (300 rpm), refluxing for 24 hr, removing alcohol by rotary evaporation to obtain milk-like anatase TiO2Sol; sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 with the rough outer surface in dilute nitric acid, absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is 35 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 20 min each time, and then the hollow organic glass outer tube is dried at room temperature;
3) wrapping and binding two sides of the dried hollow organic glass outer tube 1 by using three layers of sealing films to prevent the nano photocatalyst to be loaded from entering the hollow organic glass outer tube 1; carrying out nano photocatalyst loading on a hollow organic glass outer tube 1 by adopting a dipping and pulling method, fixing the sealed hollow organic glass outer tube 1 by using crucible tongs or other tools capable of playing a holding role, firstly dipping the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 into nano silicon dioxide liquid, dipping the hollow organic glass outer tube for 2-3 min, lifting the liquid surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 out, standing the liquid surface for 15 min, repeating the dipping and standing processes for 2-3 times to load a layer of silicon dioxide film on the surface of the outer tube 1, then clamping and fixing the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 loaded with the nano silicon dioxide by using the crucible tongs or other tools, dipping the hollow organic glass outer tube 1 into anatase type nano TiO2Extracting the liquid surface for standing for 15 min after 5 min in the negative carrier liquid, repeating for 4-5 times, and rinsing with pure water for 10 min to remove the anatase type nano TiO which is not closely attached2(ii) a Drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain the anatase-loaded nano TiO2A hollow plexiglas outer tube 1 carrying a layer 7.
PVC transparent inner tube 2 loaded with organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos degrading bacteriaSphingomonas sp.The method of Dsp-2 is as follows:
1) to chlorpyrifos-degrading bacteriaSphingomonasPerforming scale-up culture of sp, Dsp-2Sphingomonassp.Dsp-2 strain was inoculated into 4L of LB liquid medium; the LB culture medium contains 10g/L of tryptone, 5 g/L of yeast extract and 10g/L of sodium chloride; the pH of the LB medium is 7; carrying out amplification culture on a shaking table at the shaking table rotating speed of 170 rmp and the culture temperature of 30 ℃, measuring the light absorption value at 600 nm by using a spectrophotometer to detect the growth condition of the degrading bacteria, and centrifuging at 8000 rpm for 10 min after the degrading bacteria grow to a platform stage to collect the degrading bacteria; uniformly mixing the collected degradation bacteria with a 2% sodium alginate solution according to the mass (fresh weight) volume ratio of 1:10 to prepare degradation bacteria fixation solution;
2) then 5% CaCl is prepared2The solution is used for clamping and fixing the PVC transparent inner tube 2 by using tweezers or other clamping tools, and is firstly immersed in 5 percent CaCl2Soaking the solution for 3 min, soaking in the degrading bacteria-fixing solution for 5 min, and standing the PVC transparent inner tube 2 out of the liquid surfaceStanding for 4 hours for calcification and crosslinking; repeating above CaCl2And (3) carrying out processes of dipping, degrading bacteria-fixing solution dipping and calcification crosslinking for 4-5 times, and drying the inner tube 2 at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the PVC transparent inner tube 2 loaded with the degrading bacteria loading layer 8.
Example 2
The multiple sleeve type sewage purification device combining the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water body and the nano catalyst is used, wherein the used pesticide degrading bacteria are replaced by the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water body; the nano photocatalyst adopts anatase type nano TiO2。
The hollow organic glass outer tube 1 is made of organic glass material tubes with rough surfaces and good light transmittance, the outer diameter is 18cm, the inner diameter is 16cm and the length is 50 cm, the PVC transparent inner tube 2 is made of corrugated PVC material tubes with good light transmittance and the outer diameter is 5cm and the length is 50 cm, the length of 5-dimension organic glass box is ×, the width of × is 50 × 60 × 60 cm, the length of 6-dimension organic glass partition plate is ×, the width of 6-dimension organic glass partition plate is 50 × 60 cm, in practical application, a corresponding number of LB agar layer-loaded PVC transparent inner tubes 2 are selected according to requirements, the 7 tubes are preferably selected, two adjacent tubes are mutually fixed through sleeve fixing nails 4, the PVC transparent inner tubes 2 form PVC transparent inner tube clusters, the PVC transparent inner tube clusters are placed into anatase type nanometer TiO loaded tubes2The interception net 9 is closed in the hollow organic glass outer tube 1, so that the PVC transparent inner tube cluster is prevented from sliding out; inserting an organic glass partition plate 6 into an organic glass box 5 to divide the box body into three layers; the complete dirt purification sleeve pipes 12 are placed into the organic glass box 5 in a layered mode, 9 dirt purification sleeve pipes 12 can be placed in the box, the box can be placed into a farmland drainage ditch for long-term pesticide application after the dirt purification sleeve pipes are placed, the interception net door 10 is closed and fixed, and the placement direction enables the interception net door to face the water body flowing direction.
Anatase type nano TiO loaded hollow organic glass outer tube 12The method of (2) is the same as that of example 1, and the PVC transparent inner tube 2 needs to be loaded with a layer of LB agar medium to facilitate the attachment and growth of indigenous microorganisms on the inner tube 2. The loading method comprises the following steps: preparing LB agar culture medium containing tryptone 10g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, sodium chloride 10g/L and agar powder 10g/L, heating for sterilization, and soaking PVC transparent inner tube 2 in liquid LB agar culture medium for 2 minThen extracting, standing for 10 min to ensure that the liquid LB agar culture medium is solidified on the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner tube 2; repeating the process for 3-4 times to enable the culture medium to form LB agar layers on the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner tube 2 to obtain the PVC transparent inner tube 2 loaded with the LB agar layers, and after the device is placed in a farmland drainage ditch, the indigenous microorganisms in the water body can quickly adhere and grow on the inner tube 2 by utilizing the LB agar layers.
Compared with specific pesticide degrading bacteria, the selected farmland water indigenous microorganisms have broad-spectrum degrading efficiency, can degrade various pesticides applied to farmlands simultaneously, but the required repairing time is slightly increased compared with a device directly loading a high-efficiency degrading bacteria layer.
Claims (4)
1. A sleeve type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water is characterized by comprising a hollow organic glass outer tube, a PVC transparent inner tube, an organic glass box, an organic glass partition plate, a movable interception net and a clamping groove; wherein the PVC transparent inner tube is positioned in the hollow organic glass outer tube, and two ends of the hollow organic glass outer tube are provided with movable interception nets; the pollution-cleaning sleeve is positioned in the organic glass box, a clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the organic glass box, and the organic glass partition plate is fixed on the clamping groove; the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube is coated with a nano photocatalyst loading layer, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube are both coated with pesticide degrading bacteria loading layers;
n dirt-cleaning sleeves are arranged in the organic glass box, and N = 5-20; an elastic spacing ring is arranged on the outer surface of each hollow organic glass outer tube, M PVC transparent inner tubes are arranged in each hollow organic glass outer tube, and M = 7-15; m PVC transparent inner tubes are mutually fixed through sleeve fixing nails to form a PVC transparent inner tube cluster; the sleeve fixing nail is divided into two parts, namely a nail head and a snap fastener, the nail head can penetrate through the PVC transparent inner tube, after the PVC transparent inner tube is loaded with the pesticide degrading bacteria loading layer, every two nail heads penetrate through the PVC transparent inner tube and are combined with the snap fastener, and the purpose of fixing the PVC transparent inner tube cluster is achieved; the PVC transparent inner tube is a bendable transparent circular tube with wave-shaped inner and outer surfaces;
the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube is subjected to rough treatment, so that the adhesion strength of the nano photocatalyst is improved; the movable interception nets on the two sides of the hollow organic glass outer tube can be opened and closed, when the PVC transparent inner tube loaded with pesticide degradation bacteria needs to be placed, the movable interception nets are opened, and after the PVC transparent inner tube is placed, the movable interception nets are closed and fixed through buckles, so that the PVC inner tube cluster is conveniently fixed in the hollow organic glass outer tube; after the PVC transparent inner tube is arranged in the hollow organic glass outer tube, pesticide degrading bacteria loaded on the PVC transparent inner tube and the nano photocatalyst loaded on the outer surface of the hollow organic glass outer tube exist in different areas without direct contact, so that the adverse effect of the nano photocatalyst on the pesticide degrading bacteria is effectively avoided;
the periphery of the organic glass box is made of organic glass, and the two sides of the organic glass box are provided with movable intercepting net doors which can be opened or closed so as to facilitate the putting in and taking out of the pollution cleaning sleeve in the organic glass box;
a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the organic glass box, and organic glass partition plates are placed on the clamping grooves; the organic glass partition plates are movable partition plate layers, the number of the partition plates to be placed is selected according to the pesticide pollution degree of the farmland and the expected restoration effect, the organic glass partition plates divide the organic glass box into a certain number of spaces, and each layer of organic glass partition plate can be provided with a pollution cleaning sleeve; the organic glass box and the organic glass partition plate are all made of transparent materials; clean dirty sheathed tube outside elasticity interval lantern ring plays the clean dirty sleeve pipe of protection, prevents to clean the cracked effect of dirty sleeve pipe, when clean dirty sleeve pipe puts into the organic glass case, owing to be the transparent glass material, the slip phenomenon appears in the difficult exemption, and the elasticity interval lantern ring that adopts anti-skidding material can effectively prevent to clean the slip of dirty sleeve pipe on the organic glass baffle, has prolonged the life of device.
2. The telescopic type dirt cleaning device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water bodies as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for loading the nano photocatalyst loading layer on the hollow organic glass outer tube comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on a hollow organic glass outer tube with a rough outer surface in dilute nitric acid, absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is 35 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 20 min each time, and then the hollow organic glass outer tube is dried at room temperature;
wrapping and binding two ends of the dried hollow organic glass outer tube by using three layers of sealing films, and preventing the nano photocatalyst to be loaded from entering the hollow organic glass outer tube; carrying out nano photocatalyst loading on the hollow organic glass outer tube by adopting a dipping and pulling method: fixing the sealed hollow organic glass outer tube by using crucible tongs or other tools capable of playing a role of holding, firstly immersing the hollow organic glass outer tube into nano silicon dioxide liquid, immersing for 2-3 min, taking the hollow organic glass outer tube out of the liquid surface, standing for 15 min, repeating the immersion-standing process for 2-3 times, and enabling the surface of the outer tube to be firstly loaded with a layer of silicon dioxide film so as to improve the loading strength of the nano photocatalyst; then clamping and fixing the hollow organic glass outer tube loaded with the nano silicon dioxide film by crucible tongs or other tools, immersing the hollow organic glass outer tube into the nano photocatalyst negative carrier liquid for 5 min, taking out the liquid surface, standing for 15 min, repeating for 4-5 times, and rinsing for 10 min by pure water to remove the nano photocatalyst which is not tightly attached; drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a hollow organic glass outer tube loaded with a nano photocatalyst loading layer; the nano photocatalyst is anatase type nano TiO2。
3. The telescopic sewage purification device for removing pesticide residues in farmland water bodies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for loading the degrading bacteria loading layer on the PVC transparent inner pipe is as follows:
preparing a pesticide degrading bacteria liquid culture medium, transferring the pesticide degrading bacteria into the liquid culture medium for propagation culture to obtain a pesticide degrading bacteria liquid, centrifuging the pesticide degrading bacteria liquid at a rotating speed of 6000-8000 r/min for 5-15 min, collecting degrading bacteria, and uniformly mixing the degrading bacteria and a fixing agent according to a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 to obtain a degrading bacteria-fixing liquid; the degrading bacteria are bacterial strains with high-efficiency degradation capability on one or more organic pesticides, and the fixing agent is 2% of sodium alginate;
preparing 5% CaCl2The solution is used for clamping and fixing the PVC transparent inner tube by using tweezers or other clamping tools, and is firstly immersed in 5 percent CaCl2Soaking the solution for 3 min, soaking in the degrading bacteria-fixing solution for 5 min, and soaking the PVC transparent inner tubeThe liquid surface is lifted and kept still for 4 hours for calcification crosslinking; repeating above CaCl2And (3) carrying out processes of dipping, degrading bacteria-fixing solution dipping and calcification crosslinking for 4-5 times, and drying the inner tube 2 at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the PVC transparent inner tube loaded with the degrading bacteria loading layer.
4. The telescopic decontamination device for removing pesticide residues from farmland water bodies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pesticide degradation bacteria loading layer can be indigenous microorganisms of farmland water bodies, and the attachment capability of the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water bodies on the PVC transparent inner pipe is improved by coating the PVC transparent inner pipe with a microorganism fixing layer; the method for loading indigenous microorganisms in the farmland water body comprises the following steps: preparing an LB agar culture medium, wherein the LB agar culture medium contains 10g/L of tryptone, 5 g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of sodium chloride and 10g/L of agar powder, heating and sterilizing, immersing the PVC transparent inner tube into the LB agar culture medium for 2 min, then extracting, and standing for 10 min to ensure that the liquid LB culture medium is solidified on the inner surface and the outer surface of the PVC transparent inner tube; repeating the process for 3-4 times to enable the culture medium to form an LB agar layer on the inner and outer surfaces of the inner pipe, and after the device is placed in a farmland drainage ditch, the indigenous microorganisms of the farmland water body in the water body can accelerate the adhering growth on the PVC transparent inner pipe by utilizing the LB agar layer.
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| CN108178336B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2019-03-22 | 河海大学 | A kind of farmland drainage ditch automatic turnover type water quality diafiltration clean device |
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| CN102311933A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-01-11 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for rapid screening of bacterial strain capable of highly effectively degrading pesticide chlopyrifos residues |
| CN103641243A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-19 | 大连海洋大学 | Floating type light self-cleaning microorganism immobilization membrane for removing oil contamination polluting water and preparation method of membrane |
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