CN107455327A - 一种仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型及其建立方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本方法涉及动物模型领域，具体涉及仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型及其建立方法。所述仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型，是血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度不小于24μmol/L的仔鹅。其建模方法是：在育雏期，配方饲粮中粗蛋白标准为17％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；育成期，配方饲粮中粗蛋白标准为15.63％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；然后检测血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度为不小于24μmol/L，建模成功。本发明建立了高同型半胱氨酸血症的模型，制定了标准的高同型半胱氨酸血症判定标准，为研究高同型半胱氨酸血症的作用机制奠定重要基础，也为避免养殖户过量添加蛋氨酸造成经济损失，在鹅业生产中具有重要的指导意义。
Description
技术领域
本方法涉及动物模型领域，具体涉及仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型及其建立方法。
背景技术
同型半胱氨酸是家禽必需氨基酸蛋氨酸的重要中间代谢产物，饲粮中蛋氨酸含量过高或蛋氨酸代谢障碍将导致同型半胱氨酸累积，在血中浓度升高，引起高同型半胱氨酸血症。升高的同型半胱氨酸刺激血管壁引起动脉血管的损伤，导致心脏血流受阻，因此高同型半胱氨酸血症是冠心病一个独立、重要的危险因素。在鹅的饲养中，由于缺乏蛋氨酸毒性的相关资料，某些养殖户为片面追求蛋氨酸的促生长作用，在饲料中添加过量的蛋氨酸，进而引起高同型半胱氨酸血症，造成重大经济损失，严重阻碍了规模养鹅业的发展。因此，建立高同型半胱氨酸血症的模型和制定规范的高同型半胱氨酸血症判定标准尤为重要，高同型半胱氨酸血症模型还可用于研究蛋氨酸中毒的致病机理和同型半胱氨酸血症的治疗方法的研究，但是，关于如何建立和鉴别仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸血症的方法未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型及其建立的方法，
本发明所述的一种仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型，其仔鹅血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度不小于24μmol/L。
本发明还公开了一种建立仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型的方法，包括3个步骤：
(1)育雏期，配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白标准为17％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；
(2)育成期，配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白标准为15.63％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；
(3)检测血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度不小于24μmol/L，建模成功。
本发明建立了高同型半胱氨酸血症的模型，制定了标准的高同型半胱氨酸血症判定标准，为研究高同型半胱氨酸血症的作用机制奠定重要基础，也为避免养殖户过量添加蛋氨酸造成经济损失，在鹅业生产中具有重要的指导意义。
附图说明
图1是不同仔鹅肝脏比较。A：正常组仔鹅肝脏，B：高同型半胱氨酸血症组仔鹅肝脏。
图2是不同仔鹅心脏比较。A：正常组仔鹅心脏，B：高同型半胱氨酸血症组仔鹅心脏
图3是不同仔鹅肠道比较。A：正常组仔鹅肠道，B：高同型半胱氨酸血症组仔鹅肠道。
图4是不同仔鹅羽毛比较。A：正常组仔鹅左侧羽毛，B：高同型半胱氨酸血症组仔鹅左侧羽毛。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
(1)育雏期：配制14-28d仔鹅过量蛋氨酸饲粮：玉米61-63％，豆粕23-25％，小麦麸6％，稻壳3.5％，石粉1％，磷酸氢钙1.2％，食盐0.3％，预混料1.0％，DL-蛋氨酸1.1％(饲料级DL-蛋氨酸：宁夏紫光天化蛋氨酸有限责任公司，生产批准文号：(宁饲添字(2014)019001)。配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白略低于NRC标准为为17％，将玉米粉碎后与其他饲料原料混合均匀后，不制粒，每日采用过量饲喂法让鹅自由采食。全程网上平养，自由饮水，自然光照。保持圈内清洁卫生干燥，通风良好。
(2)育成期：配制28-70d仔鹅过量蛋氨酸饲粮：玉米64-67％，豆粕23-25％，小麦麸2％，稻壳7％，石粉1.2％，磷酸氢钙1％，食盐0.3％，预混料1％，DL-蛋氨酸1.1％(饲料级DL-蛋氨酸：宁夏紫光天化蛋氨酸有限责任公司，生产批准文号：(宁饲添字(2014)019001)。配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白略低于NRC标准为15.63％，将玉米粉碎后与其他饲料原料混合均匀后，不制粒，每日采用过量饲喂法让鹅自由采食。全程网上平养，自由饮水，自然光照。保持圈内清洁卫生干燥，通风良好。
(3)70日龄末，取正常组鹅和本发明所建模型组鹅，进行病理检测：
1)观察羽毛形态，可见图4，其中(A)正常组仔鹅左侧羽毛发育完整，羽小枝较多，羽毛颜色洁白，损伤毛较少；(B)本发明所建模型组羽毛发育不全，羽小枝较少，羽毛颜色暗黄色，损伤毛较多。
2)解剖后剖检
肝脏：可见图1，其中(A)正常组仔鹅肝脏剖检无异常变化，(B)本发明所建模型组肝脏剖检：肝脏肿大，质脆易碎，肝脏脂肪变性明显；
心脏：图2A是正常组仔鹅心脏剖检无异常变化；图2B是本发明所建模型组心脏剖检：心脏脂肪变性，心脏发育不全，心肌损伤严重。
肠道：图3A是正常组仔鹅肠道剖检无异常变化；图3B本发明所建模型组肠道剖检：肠道发育受阻，肠变细。
由于本发明所建模型组病理症状均表现为高同型半胱氨酸败血症病理状态，表明高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型构建成功。在病理检测前已对仔鹅空腹静脉采血，每只鹅5ml，离心取血清，放-20℃保存，采用化学发光法检测血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度，结合病理情况，发现：正常鹅血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度在10-16μmol/L之间，而呈现高同型半胱氨酸败血症病理症状的仔鹅血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度在24-46μmol/L之间。上述病理结构都需要在解剖仔鹅后方能判断是否高同型半胱氨酸败血症，为了今后能够在只采血就判定是否高同型半胱氨酸败血症，建立简单标准，本发明以仔鹅血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度达到24μmol/L为判定高同型半胱氨酸败血症的标准，对病理未知的样本进行血清检测后再行病理检测，结果表明血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度达到24μmol/L的样本均呈现高同型半胱氨酸败血症病理症状，这一检测标准简单可行。
Claims (2)
1.一种仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型，其特征在于，仔鹅血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度不小于24μmol/L。
2.一种建立仔鹅高同型半胱氨酸败血症模型的方法，其特征在于，包括3个步骤：
(1)育雏期，配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白标准为17％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；
(2)育成期，配方饲粮中的代谢能值、粗纤维、钙、磷等含量满足鹅的生长需要，粗蛋白标准为15.63％，蛋氨酸含量为1.1％；
(3)检测血清中同型半胱氨酸浓度为不小于24μmol/L。
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