CN107448178B - Method and device for exploiting coal and oil gas resources of coal-bearing stratum - Google Patents
Method and device for exploiting coal and oil gas resources of coal-bearing stratum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for exploiting coal and oil gas resources of a coal-bearing stratum. The method comprises the following steps: determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum, and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process; determining a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area in the mined coal bed according to the occurrence characteristics of coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of oil and gas resources in the mined coal bed; according to the coal mining process and the oil gas mining process, coal resource mining is determined to be carried out in a coal mining area, oil gas resource mining is carried out in an oil gas corridor area, and coal resource mining is carried out in the oil gas corridor area after the oil gas resource mining is finished. The invention provides a novel coal and oil gas resource exploitation method, which reduces resource damage and resource waste caused by disordered exploitation, reduces safety accidents, and improves the exploitation and utilization efficiency of coal-bearing stratum resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a method and a device for mining coal and oil gas resources in a coal-bearing stratum.
Background
In the coal gathering basin, coal resources are generated, meanwhile, rich oil gas resources such as coal bed gas, sandstone gas and petroleum are associated, and the burial depth of the oil gas resources is larger than that of the coal resources, so that the mining procedures of the two resources are complex. Oil and gas development is carried out in a coal mining area, on one hand, unstable rock layers are covered on a goaf, drilling construction is difficult, and on the other hand, mining-induced fracture development easily causes serious well leakage and safety accidents; coal development is carried out in an oil and gas development area, after coal development, an overlying stratum collapses, which causes the damage of a natural gas extraction well section, the leakage and explosion of natural gas in a pipe network, and the flooding of high-pressure inflammable natural gas into the underground coal mine to cause major safety accidents, or sufficient safety pillars need to be reserved in coal development, thus causing resource waste.
In the prior art, coal resources and oil gas resources are generally mined by a separate determined mining method, and the coal resources and the oil gas resources are respectively mined.
However, the mining method of the prior art causes serious resource waste and destruction while frequently causing safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for exploiting coal and oil gas resources of a coal-bearing stratum, which are used for realizing the co-development of the coal and the oil gas resources.
In a first aspect, a method for mining coal and oil gas resources in a coal-bearing formation comprises the following steps:
determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum, and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process;
determining a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area in the mined coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources in the mined coal seam;
and determining to perform coal resource mining in the coal mining area according to the coal mining process and the oil and gas mining process, performing oil and gas resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area, and performing coal resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area after the oil and gas resource mining is finished.
In a second aspect, a coal and oil gas resource exploitation device for a coal-bearing formation comprises:
the process analysis module is used for determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process;
the mining area determining module is used for determining a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area in the mining coal bed according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources in the mining coal bed;
and the mining sequence determining module is used for determining that coal resources are mined in the coal mining area according to the coal mining process and the oil and gas mining process, performing oil and gas resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area, and performing coal resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area after the oil and gas resource mining is finished.
The invention provides a method and a device for mining coal and oil gas resources together in a coal-containing stratum. Therefore, the resources can be protected by dividing the coal mining area and the oil gas corridor area, and the resources can be saved and the safety can be guaranteed by mining the coal in the oil gas corridor area after the oil gas mining is finished.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a coal and oil gas resource exploitation method for a coal-bearing formation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the occurrence characteristics of coal and oil and gas resources in a coal-bearing formation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for dividing coal mining areas and oil and gas corridor areas and setting a surface oil and gas extraction well;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal and oil gas resource co-production device for a coal-bearing formation according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-ground;
2-coal seam I;
3-coal bed II;
4-coal bed N;
5-oil/gas layer I;
6-oil/gas layer II;
7-oil/gas layer N;
8-drilling a well for extracting oil and gas on the ground;
9-a multi-branch horizontal well;
201-coal mining area I;
202-oil and gas corridor area I;
203-coal mining area II;
204-oil and gas gallery area;
205-coal mining area III;
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting coal and oil gas resources from a coal-bearing formation according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment may include:
step S101: determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum, and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process.
Wherein the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources comprise at least one or more of the following characteristics: the number of coal seams, the resource amount, the spatial distribution of the coal seams, the thickness, the buried depth, the gas content, the permeability, the lithology of the top and the bottom plates and the structural distribution;
oil and gas resource occurrence characteristics including at least one or more of: the number of oil/gas layers, the resource amount, the oil/gas resource saturation, the spatial distribution of the oil/gas layers, the thickness, the burial depth, the permeability, the lithology of the top and bottom plates and the structural distribution.
In a coal-bearing stratum, the burial depth of coal resources is smaller than that of oil gas resources, the coal resources are distributed in a layered manner, the number, thickness, spacing distance and changes of the layers of coal seams are main factors for evaluating the mining value of the coal-bearing stratum, the mining coal seam refers to a coal seam capable of mining the coal resources, a mining mode from top to bottom in the coal-bearing stratum is generally adopted, and particularly, a proper coal seam is selected as the mining coal seam in the coal-bearing stratum according to the factors such as gas content, coal seam thickness, safety and economy. The determination of the mining process for mining the coal resources and the oil gas resources in the coal bed is determined by combining the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the oil gas resources with the specific mining requirements, the landform and other factors.
Step S102: and determining a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area in the mined coal bed according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources in the mined coal bed.
The oil and gas corridor area is an area which is divided in a mining coal bed and is used for setting ground well drilling for mining oil and gas resources, wherein the size of the coal mining area and the size of the oil and gas corridor area are determined according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources of the mining coal bed, the dynamic values are generally dynamic values, and the coal mining area and the oil and gas corridor area need to ensure safety and economic benefits, so that the safe development of mining tasks can be ensured, and considerable economic benefits can be generated.
Step S103: according to the coal mining process and the oil gas mining process, coal resource mining is determined to be carried out in the coal mining area, oil gas resource mining is carried out in the oil gas corridor area, and coal resource mining is carried out in the oil gas corridor area after the oil gas resource mining is finished.
The oil gas resources generally exist below the coal resources, oil gas development is carried out in a coal exploitation area, drilling construction of an overlying unstable rock stratum in a goaf is difficult, meanwhile, serious well leakage is easily caused due to mining crack development, safety accidents are caused, collapse of the overlying stratum is easily caused due to coal exploitation in the oil gas exploitation area, the staggered section of a natural gas extraction well is damaged, natural gas of a pipe network leaks and explodes, high-pressure inflammable natural gas is gushed into a coal mine, serious safety accidents are caused, or enough safety coal pillars need to be reserved in coal exploitation, and resource waste is caused. Therefore, coal resource mining is carried out on the coal mining area, oil and gas resource mining is carried out on the oil and gas corridor area, simultaneous development and utilization of the coal resource and the oil and gas resource can be achieved, safety accidents such as resource damage and collapse explosion are avoided, and moreover, the coal resource mining is carried out on the oil and gas resource corridor area after the oil and gas resource mining is finished, so that the resources can be fully utilized, and the resources are saved. According to the coal-containing formation coal and oil gas resource co-exploitation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the exploitation process can realize resource co-exploitation by analyzing the resource occurrence characteristics of the coal and oil gas resources, the coal exploitation area and the oil gas corridor area are divided, the resource saving is ensured, the coal is exploited in the coal exploitation area, the oil gas is exploited in the oil gas corridor area, the coal is exploited in the oil gas corridor area after the oil gas exploitation is finished, and the safety of the resource exploitation can be realized.
Specifically, the present application is described in terms of the number of coal seams that can be mined and the number of oil/gas production strata, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of occurrence characteristics of coal and oil and gas resources in a coal-bearing stratum provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, on the basis of step S101 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the method in this embodiment may include:
when only 1 layer of coal-mined layer exists in the coal-bearing stratum, if only 2 layers of coal exist, 2 is the mined coal layer; and when the coal-bearing stratum has more than 2 coal seams, such as a coal seam I2, a coal seam II3 and a coal seam N4(N is more than or equal to 2), determining a first-mined coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of coal resources, and if the coal seam II3 is the first-mined coal seam, determining that 3 is a mined coal seam.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, for the determination of the mining process of coal resources and oil and gas resources, the embodiment provides a specific implementation manner, which may be: when only 1 layer of oil/gas layer can be extracted in the coal-bearing stratum, if only 5 layers of oil/gas layers are extracted, a single-layer oil-gas resource extraction technology process can be adopted; when 2 layers of oil/gas layers can be extracted in the coal-bearing stratum, such as an oil/gas layer I5, an oil/gas layer II6 and an oil/gas layer N7, a layered extraction technology or a multi-layer oil-gas resource combined extraction technology is reasonably selected according to the occurrence characteristics of oil/gas resources, the layered extraction technology is suitable for extracting the oil/gas layers with more layers, the oil/gas layers are divided into two or three layers as a unit extraction area for fractional extraction, the multi-layer oil-gas resource combined extraction technology is suitable for the oil/gas layers with less layers or larger intervals among the layers, and all the oil/gas layers can be extracted at one time.
According to the coal bed and oil gas mining process determined by the occurrence characteristics of the coal and oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum, the coal and oil gas resources can be comprehensively mined in a targeted manner, and effective mining of the coal and oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum is realized.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method for dividing a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area and setting a surface oil and gas extraction well according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the method of this embodiment may include:
taking the resource occurrence conditions of the coal seam I2, the oil/gas layer I5 and the oil/gas layer II6 as examples, according to the resource occurrence conditions of 2, 2 is divided into a coal mining area I201, an oil and gas corridor area I202, a coal mining area II203, an oil and gas corridor area II204 and a coal mining area III 205.
Furthermore, the zoning ranges a1 and a3 corresponding to the edge coal mining area I201 and the coal mining area III205 are not more than 1500m, and the zoning range a2 corresponding to the coal mining area II203 between oil and gas corridors is not more than 3000 m; the corresponding division ranges b1 and b2 of the oil gas corridor area I202 and the oil gas corridor area II204 are 600-1000 m; the specific division is actually determined according to the resource occurrence characteristics and the mining area.
Selecting a proper development method according to occurrence characteristics of the coal seam 2 to firstly mine coal resources of a coal mining area I201, then mine coal resources of a coal mining area II203, and then mine coal resources of a coal mining area III 205; when coal resources are exploited, a plurality of ground well bores 8 are sequentially arranged on the ground 1 through an oil gas corridor area I202 and an oil gas corridor area II204, a double-layer oil gas combined extraction process is adopted, oil/gas layer I5 and oil/gas layer II6 oil gas resources are exploited, after the exploitation of the oil/gas layer I5 and the oil/gas layer II6 oil gas resources in the mining area is finished, the coal resources in the areas corresponding to the oil gas corridor area I202 and the oil gas corridor area II204 are exploited finally, and the coordinated development of coal-bearing stratum coal and the oil gas resources is realized.
Furthermore, the ground oil and gas extraction well 8 is a multi-branch horizontal well 9, the well distance, the row spacing, the well bottom branch condition and the well drilling/well completion mode of the ground oil and gas extraction well 8 are reasonably selected according to the occurrence characteristics of the oil/gas reservoir resources of the coal-bearing stratum, and the well drilling/well completion mode can cover the oil and gas reservoir contained in the planned area, so that the effective exploitation of the oil and gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum is realized.
The method for dividing the coal mining area and the oil-gas corridor area and setting the ground oil-gas extraction well drilling provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable coal development and oil-gas development of the coal-bearing stratum to be orderly linked, simultaneously realize coordinated development of coal and oil-gas resources and reduce resource waste.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for co-exploiting coal and oil and gas resources in a coal-bearing formation according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment may include:
the process analysis module 401: the method is used for determining the coal seam mined in the coal-bearing stratum and the mining process of the coal resources and the oil gas resources according to the resource occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the resource occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum.
The mining area determination module 402: the method is used for determining a coal mining area and an oil and gas corridor area in a mining coal bed according to resource occurrence characteristics of coal resources and oil and gas resources in a coal-bearing stratum.
And the mining sequence determining module 403 is used for determining that coal resources are mined in the coal mining area, oil and gas resources are mined in the oil and gas corridor area according to the mining process of the coal resources and the oil and gas resources, and the coal resources are mined in the oil and gas corridor area after the mining of the oil and gas resources is finished.
The apparatus of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in fig. 1, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for exploiting coal and oil gas resources of a coal-bearing stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum, and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process;
determining a coal mining area I, an oil gas corridor area I, a coal mining area II, an oil gas corridor area II and a coal mining area III which are sequentially divided in the mined coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the mined coal seam, wherein the division ranges of the coal mining area I at the edge and the coal mining area III at the edge are not more than 1500 m; the zoning ranges of the oil-gas corridor area I and the oil-gas corridor area II are 600-1000 m, and the zoning range of the coal mining area II between the oil-gas corridor area I and the oil-gas corridor area II is not more than 3000 m;
according to the coal resource mining process and the oil and gas resource mining process, determining that coal resource mining is carried out in the coal mining area I, the coal mining area II and the coal mining area III in sequence, carrying out oil and gas resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II in sequence, and carrying out coal resource mining in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II after the oil and gas resource mining is finished;
the method for determining the coal resource exploitation process and the oil and gas resource exploitation process specifically comprises the following steps:
if 1 layer of oil-gas-producing layer exists in the coal-containing stratum, adopting a single-layer oil-gas production process; if more than 2 layers of oil-gas layers can be extracted, adopting a layered mining process or a multi-layer oil-gas combined mining process according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the oil-gas resources;
the method for determining the mining coal seam in the coal-bearing stratum specifically comprises the following steps:
if only 1 layer of coal-mining layer exists in the coal-containing stratum, taking the layer as a coal mining layer; and if the coal seam exceeds 2 layers of coal seams, determining the first coal seam as a mining coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the coal resource occurrence characteristics include at least one or more of: the number of coal seams, the resource amount, the spatial distribution of the coal seams, the thickness, the buried depth, the gas content, the permeability, the lithology of the top and the bottom plates and the structural distribution;
the hydrocarbon resource occurrence characteristics include at least one or more of: the number of oil/gas layers, the resource amount, the oil/gas resource saturation, the spatial distribution of the oil/gas layers, the thickness, the burial depth, the permeability, the lithology of the top and bottom plates and the structural distribution.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and determining that ground drilling wells are arranged in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II, wherein the ground drilling wells are multi-branch horizontal ground oil and gas extraction drilling wells, determining the well spacing, the array spacing, the well bottom branch condition and the drilling/completion mode of the drilling wells according to the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources, and covering the coal-bearing stratum.
4. The utility model provides a coal-bearing stratum coal and oil gas resource exploitation device which characterized in that includes:
the process analysis module is used for determining a mining coal bed in the coal-bearing stratum according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources in the coal-bearing stratum and determining a coal resource mining process and an oil gas resource mining process;
the mining area determining module is used for determining a coal mining area I, an oil and gas corridor area I, a coal mining area II, an oil and gas corridor area II and a coal mining area III which are sequentially divided in the mining coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources in the mining coal seam, and the division ranges of the coal mining area I positioned at the edge and the coal mining area III positioned at the edge are not more than 1500 m; the zoning ranges of the oil-gas corridor area I and the oil-gas corridor area II are 600-1000 m, and the zoning range of the coal mining area II between the oil-gas corridor area I and the oil-gas corridor area II is not more than 3000 m;
the mining sequence determining module is used for determining that coal resources are mined in the coal mining area I, the coal mining area II and the coal mining area III in sequence according to the coal resource mining process and the oil and gas resource mining process, oil and gas resource mining is performed in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II in sequence, and coal resource mining is performed in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II after the oil and gas resource mining is finished;
the process analysis module is specifically configured to: if 1 layer of oil-gas-producing layer exists in the coal-containing stratum, adopting a single-layer oil-gas production process; if more than 2 layers of oil-gas layers can be extracted, adopting a layered mining process or a multi-layer oil-gas combined mining process according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the oil-gas resources;
the process analysis module is further configured to: if only 1 layer of coal-mining layer exists in the coal-containing stratum, taking the layer as a coal mining layer; and if the coal seam exceeds 2 layers of coal seams, determining the first coal seam as a mining coal seam according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal resources and the occurrence characteristics of the oil gas resources.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the coal resource occurrence characteristics comprise at least one or more of: the number of coal seams, the resource amount, the spatial distribution of the coal seams, the thickness, the buried depth, the gas content, the permeability, the lithology of the top and the bottom plates and the structural distribution;
the hydrocarbon resource occurrence characteristics include at least one or more of: the number of oil/gas layers, the resource amount, the oil/gas resource saturation, the spatial distribution of the oil/gas layers, the thickness, the burial depth, the permeability, the lithology of the top and bottom plates and the structural distribution.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the mining sequence determination module is further configured to: and determining that ground drilling wells are arranged in the oil and gas corridor area I and the oil and gas corridor area II, wherein the ground drilling wells are multi-branch horizontal ground oil and gas extraction drilling wells, determining the well spacing, the array spacing, the well bottom branch condition and the drilling/completion mode of the drilling wells according to the occurrence characteristics of the oil and gas resources, and covering the coal-bearing stratum.
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| CN112727406A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-30 | 安徽理工大学 | Superposed resource precise mining in-situ physical simulation experiment system and application method |
| CN112761534B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for arranging oil-gas well drilling platform of large-section chamber under coal mine |
| CN113389597B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-06-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Comprehensive utilization system and application method for coal gangue in resource co-associated mining area |
| CN113404539B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-06-10 | 安徽理工大学 | Water and gas comprehensive utilization system for co-associated resource mining area and application method |
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| CN101563524A (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2009-10-21 | 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 | Combined development of oil shale by in situ heating with a deeper hydrocarbon resource |
| WO2014014390A2 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Linetskiy Alexander Petrovich | Method for developing deposits and extracting oil and gas from shale formations |
| CN205858405U (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-01-04 | 陕西陕煤黄陵矿业有限公司 | Coal, oil, gas symbiosis coal mine gas, petroliferous gas, oil diaster prevention and control structure |
| CN106337685A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for combined exploitation of coal and its associated oil shales |
| CN106321025A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal and oil gas green coordination exploiting system and application method thereof |
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