CN107447503A - 用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物 - Google Patents

用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物 Download PDF

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CN107447503A
CN107447503A CN201710787967.2A CN201710787967A CN107447503A CN 107447503 A CN107447503 A CN 107447503A CN 201710787967 A CN201710787967 A CN 201710787967A CN 107447503 A CN107447503 A CN 107447503A
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silk fabric
ethanol
lysate
calcium chloride
water solution
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卢明
刘萍
刘一萍
周菁
唐甜
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Southwest University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种使用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：（1）溶解液的制备：制备氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液，摩尔比为1:2:8，在其中加入二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物进行汽蒸；（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。本制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，二氧化钛纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；本制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。

Description

用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能织物的制备方法，尤其是一种使用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物的方法。
背景技术
将纳米粒子引入纺织纤维中，可以制备得到功能性纤维材料。目前将纳米粒子引入蚕丝纤维的制备方法很多，如：吸附法，溶胶凝胶法，层层组装法，涂层法，喂食法等。然而，吸附法通过主要通过分子间范德华力和离子键力使纳米粒子吸附到蚕丝纤维表面，水洗牢度较低；溶胶凝胶法和层层组装法的工艺过程较长，且较难控制；涂层法是利用粘合剂将纳米粒子粘合到蚕丝纤维表面，降低了蚕丝纤维对人体的亲肤性；喂食法是将纳米粒子混入家蚕食物中，使蚕丝纤维混入纳米粒子，缺点是效率很低。
氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液（摩尔比为1:2:8），是溶解丝素最为常用的溶剂，当氯化钙，乙醇，水的摩尔比为1:2:8时，三元溶液对丝素的溶解能力最好，且不会引起丝素大分子链的严重降解。三元溶剂中的氯化钙与丝素中的酪氨酸发生作用，消弱丝素分子之间的范德华力和氢键。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对以上现有技术存在的缺点，提出一种使用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物的方法。该制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，二氧化钛纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；该制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的解决方案为：一种使用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：制备氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液，摩尔比为1:2:8，在其中加入二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在100-120℃下汽蒸10-30min；
（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
本发明的有益效果在于，（1）采用浸轧法使有限的氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液主要分布于蚕丝纤维的表面，短时间的红外线下汽蒸只能对蚕丝纤维表面进行部分溶解，而不会损伤蚕丝纤维内部，减小对蚕丝纤维及织物物理机械性能的损伤；（2）在蚕丝纤维表面部分溶解的蚕丝蛋白形成蛋白质浓溶液，对纳米粒子具有粘附作用；（3）蚕丝纤维表面形成的蛋白质浓溶液在乙醇溶液中重新凝固，起到对纳米粒子的粘合、包裹作用；（4）制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例详细描述本发明。应当注意的是，下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。
实施例1
（1）溶解液的制备：在氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液（摩尔比为1:2:8）中加入1.7%（w/w）二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为90%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在120℃下汽蒸20min；
（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例2
（1）溶解液的制备：在氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液（摩尔比为1:2:8）中加入1.3%（w/w）二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为70%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在100℃下汽蒸30min；
（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例3
（1）溶解液的制备：在氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液（摩尔比为1:2:8）中加入0.7%（w/w）二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为70%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在110℃下汽蒸20min；
（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
本文虽然已经给出了本发明的一些实施例，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神的情况下，可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的，不应以本文的实施例作为本发明权利范围的限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种使用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：制备氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液，摩尔比为1:2:8，在其中加入二氧化钛纳米粒子，超声波下振荡下得到分散有二氧化钛纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在100-120℃下汽蒸10-30min；
（4）将汽蒸后的蚕丝织物浸渍于乙醇溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
CN201710787967.2A 2017-09-04 2017-09-04 用氯化钙/乙醇/水溶液制备光催化自清洁蚕丝织物 Withdrawn CN107447503A (zh)

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