CN107354712A - 用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物 - Google Patents

用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物 Download PDF

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CN107354712A
CN107354712A CN201710787497.XA CN201710787497A CN107354712A CN 107354712 A CN107354712 A CN 107354712A CN 201710787497 A CN201710787497 A CN 201710787497A CN 107354712 A CN107354712 A CN 107354712A
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silk fabric
particle
lysate
formic acid
zinc chloride
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卢明
刘萍
刘一萍
樊涛
李思君
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Southwest University
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    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/08—Organic compounds
    • D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种使用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度5%‑20%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在微波下辐照；（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。本制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，氧化锌纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；本制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。

Description

用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能织物的制备方法，尤其是一种使用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物的方法。
背景技术
将纳米粒子引入纺织纤维中，可以制备得到功能性纤维材料。目前将纳米粒子引入蚕丝纤维的制备方法很多，如：吸附法，溶胶凝胶法，层层组装法，涂层法，喂食法等。然而，吸附法通过主要通过分子间范德华力和离子键力使纳米粒子吸附到蚕丝纤维表面，水洗牢度较低；溶胶凝胶法和层层组装法的工艺过程较长，且较难控制；涂层法是利用粘合剂将纳米粒子粘合到蚕丝纤维表面，降低了蚕丝纤维对人体的亲肤性；喂食法是将纳米粒子混入家蚕食物中，使蚕丝纤维混入纳米粒子，缺点是效率很低。
氯化锌/甲酸溶液可以用于蚕丝与羊毛或其他动物毛纤维的混合物的定量测试，即氯化锌/甲酸溶液可以在较低温度下完全溶解蚕丝纤维。因此，本发明采用氯化锌/甲酸溶液在低温下部分溶解蚕丝表面丝素大分子，使纳米粒子能嵌入到蚕丝纤维表面，达到功能化蚕丝纤维，且不损伤蚕丝纤维机械性能的目的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对以上现有技术存在的缺点，提出一种使用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物的方法。该制备技术简单易行，成本低廉，对蚕丝织物的强力损伤小，不改变蚕丝纤维表面性能，氧化锌纳米粒子在蚕丝织物上具有良好的牢度；该制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的解决方案为：一种使用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度5%-20%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在100-200W微波下辐照3-10min；
（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
本发明的有益效果在于，（1）采用浸轧法使有限的氯化锌/甲酸溶液主要分布于蚕丝纤维的表面，短时间的微波辐照只能对蚕丝纤维表面进行部分溶解，而不会损伤蚕丝纤维内部，减小对蚕丝纤维及织物物理机械性能的损伤；（2）在蚕丝纤维表面部分溶解的蚕丝蛋白形成蛋白质浓溶液，对纳米粒子具有粘附作用；（3）蚕丝纤维表面形成的蛋白质浓溶液在聚乙烯醇水溶液中重新凝固，起到对纳米粒子的粘合、包裹作用；（4）制备过程中未使用任何粘合剂，无毒无害。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例详细描述本发明。应当注意的是，下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。
实施例1
（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度7%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入0.9%（w/w）氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为70%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在160W微波下辐照6min；
（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液（质量分数为10%）中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例2
（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度9%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入1.7%（w/w）氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为110%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在200W微波下辐照3min；
（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液（质量分数为15%）中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
实施例3
（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度13%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入0.4%（w/w）氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧，轧余率为90%；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在120W微波下辐照9min；
（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液（质量分数为30%）中凝固10min，然后水洗、烘干。
本文虽然已经给出了本发明的一些实施例，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神的情况下，可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的，不应以本文的实施例作为本发明权利范围的限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种使用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）溶解液的制备：将氯化锌加入到甲酸中，形成浓度5%-20%的混合溶液，然后在其中加入氧化锌纳米粒子，剧烈搅拌下得到分散有氧化锌纳米粒子的溶解液；
（2）将蚕丝织物在步骤（1）所得的溶解液中多次浸轧；
（3）将浸轧后的蚕丝织物在100-200W微波下辐照3-10min；
（4）将辐照后的蚕丝织物浸渍于聚乙烯醇水溶液中凝固，然后水洗、烘干。
CN201710787497.XA 2017-09-04 2017-09-04 用氯化锌/甲酸溶液制备抗紫外蚕丝织物 Withdrawn CN107354712A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107829304A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-23 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种防水抗紫外面料整理剂及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107829304A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-23 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种防水抗紫外面料整理剂及其制备方法

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