CN107447170A - A kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107447170A CN107447170A CN201710504270.XA CN201710504270A CN107447170A CN 107447170 A CN107447170 A CN 107447170A CN 201710504270 A CN201710504270 A CN 201710504270A CN 107447170 A CN107447170 A CN 107447170A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to stainless steel technical field, and in particular to a kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel and preparation method thereof.The stainless steel constituent and its percentage by weight are：C:0.20 0.40%, Cr:24.00 28.00%, Ni:18.00 23.00%, W：2.00 3.50%, Si：2.00 3.30%, Cu:1.00 3.00%, Mo：2.30 3.00%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 2 8%.The stainless steel prepared effectively combines the advantages of two-phase, has preferable corrosion resistance, good impact flexibility and excellent wearability.And whole preparation process is simple and easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel technical field, and in particular to a kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Stainless steel material has extensively because of its good decay resistance in industrial departments such as food, chemical industry, oil, chemical fertilizer
General application.However, under severe operating mode, stainless steel is easy to produce serious wear phenomenon, with stainless steel application
It is increasingly wider, on the premise of decay resistance is ensured, the anti-wear performance of stainless steel is improved, extends stainless steel service life to pass
It is important.
At present can be using working hardening, addition trace element etc. come hardened stainless steel wear-corrosion resistance.Such as middle promulgated by the State Council
Bright patent CN 1285005A disclose a kind of austenitic stainless steel containing niobium, by add more than 0.003% (weight) Nb come
Hardened stainless steel.For another example Chinese invention patent CN 106555133A disclose a kind of high-strength corrosion-resistant stainless steel, pass through deformation
Strengthen and cause high-strength corrosion-resistant stainless steel that there is higher intensity controlled.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be for it is above-mentioned the problem of provide a kind of decay resistance and anti-wear performance all preferably it is stainless
Steel.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant is stainless
Steel, the stainless steel constituent and its percentage by weight are：C:0.20-0.40%, Cr:24.00-28.00%, Ni:18.00-
23.00%, W：2.00-3.50%, Si：2.00-3.30%, Cu:1.00-3.00%, Mo：2.30-3.00%, P≤
0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 2-
8%.
The present invention is by the formation of the second phase (σ phases) come hardened stainless steel.General Study thinks, the precipitation σ in stainless steel
There is very detrimental effect with respect to the various performances of stainless steel, due to this mutually hard and crisp, to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of material
It is very big, it can especially greatly reduce stainless steel corrosion resistance and impact flexibility.But our research is found, is set from material composition
Count material fabrication process, by developing and optimizing, control σ phases by 2-8% content ranges and separated out in the form of suitable in
In stainless structure of steel, on the premise of stainless steel highly corrosion resistant is ensured, stainless steel anti-wear performance can be significantly improved.
Ni：Ni is used for forming and ensuring stable austenite phase in the present invention.Ni can also promote the formation of Cr passivating films,
Further suppress the growth of oxide.It plays the role of positive to the corrosion resistance mechanical property for improving material.
Cu：Cu is also to be used for stablizing stainless steel austenite phase in the present invention, and in addition, addition Cu can be smart in matrix
Copper-rich phase is equably carefully separated out, improves corrosion resistance.But the copper of a large amount may cause processing characteristics, toughness to reduce, so
The Cu contents of the present invention are 1.00-3.00%.
Cr：Addition Cr is more than 24% to assign stainless steel corrosion resistance by forming passivating film in stainless steel surfaces
The Cr of content can promote to form σ phases.
W：W and C-shaped into tungsten carbide have very high hardness and wearability.With the increase of W content, the W that is dissolved in σ phases by
It is cumulative to add, strengthen σ phases, improve wearability.
Si：Si is that σ phases form promotion element, and so as to improve stainless hardness of steel, and Si can be dissolved, and make layer so as to produce
The effect that mistake can reduce and be improved mechanical property, while improve stainless steel corrosion resistance.
Mo：Addition Mo can improve the corrosion resistance of the present invention, while Mo is also the element for promoting σ phases to be formed, and is improved not
Rust steel wearability, in order to ensure that stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and wearability, Mo contents are 2.30-3.00%.
C：C easily forms carbide with Cr, W and Mo, and carbide belongs to a kind of hard phase, can improve the wear-resisting of material in itself
Property.Other σ phases are mainly in carbide forming position forming core, therefore the formation for existing for σ phases of carbide creates favourable bar
Part.Contain more Cr, W and Mo element in the present invention, in order to form suitable carbide, C content is set to by experiment
0.20-0.40%.
P and S is the impurity substances in stainless steel, and the presence of which can influence the mechanical property of stainless steel, so P and S contain
Amount is more few better.
σ phase factors can improve the hardness of σ phases rich in Cr, W, Mo and Si, and this high rigidity mutually bears load in wear process,
Have the function that to prevent plow and hinder dislocation motion, so as to improve the wearability of stainless steel.Though although σ phases are in alloy structure
So belong to negative electrode phase, but cathodization effect is weaker, if the content of σ phases is controlled in suitable scope, to stainless steel
Decay resistance influence little, and Cr, Mo and Cu element of present invention addition high content, the corrosion resistant of stainless steel can be effectively improved
Corrosion.
In these components, Cr, Mo, W are that stainless steel σ phases form promotion element with Si, and Ni is that stainless steel austenite phase is formed
Element, Cu are austenite phase stable elements, and the carbide that C is formed with Cr, Mo and W creates favourable condition for the formation of σ phases,
Therefore, the content proportioning of these elements must be strict controlled in a suitable scope, when σ phase formation element contents are higher
When, it is necessary to properly increase austenite phase formed and stable element content, when σ phase formation element contents are slightly lower, austenite phase
Formed and the content of stable element can reduce in right amount, the σ phases in stainless steel and austenite phase is in suitable ratio.
Preferably, the stainless steel constituent and its percentage by weight are：
C:0.30-0.40%, Cr:24.00-28.00%, Ni:20.00-23.00%, W：2.00-3.50%, Si：
2.50-3.30%, Cu:1.00-3.00%, Mo：2.30-3.00%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；This is not
Rust steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 4-8%.
In the present invention, C content 0.30-0.40%, proper amount of carbide is formed with Cr, Mo and W of high content, promoted
σ phases are formed, and improve wearability.Ni is stainless steel austenite phase formation element, and in the present invention, the content for selecting Ni is 20.00-
23.00%, σ phases and austenite phase content is located at suitable ratio.
Preferably, the stainless steel constituent and its percentage by weight are：
C:0.3%, Cr:26.00%, Ni:22.00%, W：2.70%, Si：2.90%, Cu:2.00%, Mo：2.50%,
P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, wherein σ phases content
For 4-6%.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, the present invention also uses following technical scheme：A kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant is not
The preparation method of rust steel, comprises the following steps：
Weigh C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe by stainless steel percentage by weight, wherein C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo with
Intermediate alloy form is added, and molten steel is smelted at 1400-1700 DEG C, is obtained molten steel and is refined at 1600-1800 DEG C,
Refining liquation is obtained, is added after refining liquation is cooled into 1200-1500 DEG C in mold, is cooled to room temperature, obtain stainless steel.
The stainless steel that casting obtains need not carry out any heat treatment, you can directly use, because follow-up heat treatment nothing
Beneficial to the raising of stainless Steel Properties, the ratio of austenite phase and σ phases can be destroyed on the contrary, reduces stainless steel wearability.
Preferably, the refining time is 15-60 minutes.
The present invention is designed by component and suitable preparation method, the stainless steel of acquisition is contained austenite phase and σ phases,
And σ phases content is 2-8%, the advantages of effectively combining two-phase, stainless steel is set to have preferable corrosion resistance, good impact tough
Property and excellent wearability.And whole preparation process is simple and easy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stainless steel metallographic structure of embodiment 6.
Embodiment
Explanation is further described to technical scheme below by specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.If without spy
Different explanation, the raw material employed in embodiments of the invention are raw material commonly used in the art, the method employed in embodiment,
It is the conventional method of this area.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the stainless steel metallographic structure of embodiment 6, the σ phases being in granular form as we can clearly see from the figure, the σ phases
It is organized in wear process and bears load, have the function that to prevent dislocation motion of adhering and hinder, so as to improves the resistance to of stainless steel
Mill property.
In order to embody the effect of each component in the present invention and embody importance of the preparation method to acquisition σ phases, design
Following examples and comparative.
The percentage by weight (%) of each component in the embodiment 1-8 of table 1 and comparative example 1-7 stainless steels
Embodiment 1-6：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the embodiment 1-6 stainless steels of table 1, stainless steel is prepared：By weight
Amount percentage weighs C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe, and melting is carried out at 1400 DEG C, obtains liquation and is carried out at 1600 DEG C
Refining, 40min is refined, obtain refining liquation, after refining liquation is cooled into 1500 DEG C, added in mold and naturally cool to room
Temperature, obtain stainless steel.
Embodiment 7：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the stainless steel of 1 embodiment of table 7, stainless steel is prepared：By weight hundred
Divide ratio to weigh C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe, melting carried out at 1500 DEG C, obtain liquation and refined at 1700 DEG C,
50min is refined, obtains refining liquation, after refining liquation is cooled into 1400 DEG C, adds in mold and naturally cools to room temperature, obtain
Stainless steel.
Embodiment 8：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the stainless steel of 1 embodiment of table 8, stainless steel is prepared：By weight hundred
Divide ratio to weigh C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe, melting carried out at 1700 DEG C, obtain liquation and refined at 1800 DEG C,
50min is refined, obtains refining liquation, after refining liquation is cooled into 1300 DEG C, adds in mold and naturally cools to room temperature, obtain
Stainless steel.
Comparative example 1-5：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the comparative example 1-5 stainless steels of table 1, stainless steel is prepared, it has
Production procedure is same as Example 6, does not repeat herein.
Comparative example 6：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the stainless steel of 1 comparative example of table 6, stainless steel is prepared：By weight hundred
Divide ratio to weigh C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe, melting carried out at 1500 DEG C, obtain liquation and refined at 1900 DEG C,
10min is refined, obtains refining liquation, after refining liquation is cooled into 1100 DEG C, adds in mold and naturally cools to room temperature, obtain
Stainless steel.
Comparative example 7：According to the percentage by weight of each component in the stainless steel of 1 comparative example of table 7, stainless steel is prepared：By weight hundred
Divide ratio to weigh C, Cr, Ni, W, Si, Cu, Mo and Fe, melting carried out at 1500 DEG C, obtain liquation and refined at 1800 DEG C,
25min is refined, obtains refining liquation, after refining liquation is cooled into 1300 DEG C, adds in mold and naturally cools to room temperature, then
Timeliness 8 hours at 900 DEG C, stainless steel is obtained after naturally cooling to room temperature in atmosphere.
Performance test is carried out to embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-7, Rockwell hardness is surveyed on HR-150 Rockwell apparatuses
It is fixed；Impact toughness is determined with JB-30 type Charpies experimental machine；It is wear-resisting in ML-100 types abrasive wear experiment aircraft measurements
Property；Tensile tests at room, rate of extension 1*10 are carried out in CMT5305 type universal tensile experimental machines-3S-1；According to ASTM
G48-2003 carries out decay resistance test, soaks 24h in 50 DEG C of iron chloride.
The 1-8 of the embodiment of the present invention of table 2 and comparative example 1-7 stainless steel the performance test results
The each component proportion of stainless steel of embodiment 6 and 8 is all in most preferred range, therefore its best performance, and other implementations
The content of some elements is not in optimized scope in example, and its performance is affected, and performance value is less than optimum embodiment.Comparative example
Stainless steel after 7 pairs of coolings carries out Ageing Treatment, and Ageing Treatment destroys the ratio of austenite phase and σ phases, can from experimental data
Know, stainless Steel Properties substantially reduce after Ageing Treatment.
It is in addition, right in place of the non-limit of claimed technical scope midrange and in embodiment technical scheme
The new technical scheme that the equal replacement of single or multiple technical characteristics is formed, equally all in claimed model
In enclosing；Simultaneously the present invention program it is all enumerate or unrequited embodiment in, parameters in the same embodiment are only
Represent an example (i.e. a kind of feasible scheme) for its technical scheme.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, but simultaneously
Do not deviate by the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel, it is characterised in that the stainless steel constituent and its percentage by weight are：
C:0.20-0.40%, Cr:24.00-28.00%, Ni:18.00-23.00%, W：2.00-3.50%, Si：2.00-
3.30%, Cu:1.00-3.00%, Mo：2.30-3.00%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；
The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 2-8%.
A kind of 2. high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stainless steel constituent
And its percentage by weight is：
C:0.30-0.40%, Cr:24.00-28.00%, Ni:20.00-23.00%, W：2.00-3.50%, Si：2.50-
3.30%, Cu:1.00-3.00%, Mo：2.30-3.00%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；
The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 4-8%.
A kind of 3. high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stainless steel constituent
And its percentage by weight is：
C:0.35%, Cr:26.00%, Ni:22.00%, W:2.70%, Si:2.90%, Cu:2.00%, Mo:2.50%, P≤
0.035%, S≤0.035%, surplus Fe；
The stainless steel microstructure includes austenite phase and σ phases, and wherein σ phases content is 4-6%.
4. a kind of preparation method of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
By the component proportion raw material of stainless steel described in claim 1, raw material is smelted into molten steel at 1400-1700 DEG C, and
Molten steel at 1600-1800 DEG C refine and must refine liquation, mold is added after refining liquation is cooled into 1200-1500 DEG C
In, room temperature is cooled to, obtains stainless steel.
5. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant stainless steel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described
Refining time is 15-60 minutes.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021095626A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-24 | ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Paramagnetic hard stainless steel and method for manufacturing the same |
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| JP2021095626A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-24 | ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Paramagnetic hard stainless steel and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2022177290A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-11-30 | ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Paramagnetic hard stainless steel and manufacturing process thereof |
| JP7196139B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-12-26 | ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Paramagnetic hard stainless steel and its manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |