CN107447153A - A kind of high intensity AZ31 CaO magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high intensity AZ31 CaO magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107447153A CN107447153A CN201710679213.5A CN201710679213A CN107447153A CN 107447153 A CN107447153 A CN 107447153A CN 201710679213 A CN201710679213 A CN 201710679213A CN 107447153 A CN107447153 A CN 107447153A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of metal material, is related to a kind of high intensity AZ31 CaO magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof.The alloy by adding the CaO of certain mass into AZ31 magnesium alloys, refined, cast, Homogenization Treatments and plastic deformation and obtain.The alloy of gained of the invention has not only refined as-cast grain, and form the hardening constituent with high-temperature stability, play invigoration effect, and newly-generated high-temperature stable hardening constituent promotes recrystallization when being plastically deformed, so that AZ31 CaO alloys have more excellent mechanical property, in the case where elongation percentage keeps being basically unchanged, tensile strength greatly improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the invention belongs to technical field of metal material, and in particular to a kind of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof,
A kind of more particularly to high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium (Mg) alloy has the advantages that density is low, source is wide, specific strength and specific stiffness are high, be described as " 21 century it is green
Color engineering material ".In cast magnesium alloy, Magnesium-aluminum alloys are because cost is low, is easy to cast and processes, and good synthesis
The advantages that performance, be one of most widely used cast magnesium alloy system at present, most it is representational have AZ31, AZ61, AZ80,
AZ91 and AM60 etc..Wherein, AZ31 is current using wider commercial magnesium alloy, because its good machinery and forming property exist
Automobile and 3C fields have a wide range of applications.The a great problem of limitation magnesium alloy is low strength at present, it is impossible to meets
The requirement of engineer applied.Therefore, exploitation novel high-strength magnesium alloy has very important value.
Calcium (Ca) is the alloying element commonly used in magnesium alloy.Calcium (Ca) is added in magnesium alloy and can formed with high-temperature stability
Preferable Al2Ca phases, but addition simple substance calcium (Ca) cost is higher in AZ31 magnesium alloys.Patent document CN105420577A is disclosed
A kind of magnesium alloy of high intensity and preparation method thereof, pass through interstitial fluid in the magnesium alloy that forms metal Mg, Mn and Mg-Ca melting
Alloying is carried out with metal Al, Mg-Y and Mg-Sr, obtains liquid magnesium alloy, then liquid magnesium alloy die casting is obtained into magnesium alloy, wherein institute
It is Ca powder or Mg-Ca with Ca.Magnesium alloy yield strength obtained by this method has larger improvement, but its elongation percentage and tensile strength
Improvement be extremely limited, and its to be used for modified material cost higher, be unfavorable for industrialized production.
The content of the invention
To solve magnesium alloy materials performance deficiency existing for prior art, modified cost is higher, effect is not notable etc. enough
Defect, the present invention provide a kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof.Modified feedstock cost used in the present invention compared with
Low, modified magnesium alloy ductility is good, and tensile strength greatly enhances, and has preferable mechanical property.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys, by weight
Percentages, it contains following component：CaO 0~1%, Al2.5~3.5%, Mn 0.15~0.5%, Zn 0.6~
1.4%, Si ＜ 0.02%, Fe ＜ 0.02%, Ni ＜ 0.02%, surplus Mg, the AZ31-CaO alloys can also include not
Evitable impurity.The AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys are prepared by smelting technology and plastic deformation process.As preferable
Technical scheme, CaO content is not 0 in the magnesium alloy.
Another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the preparation method of above-mentioned high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys, be divided into smelting technology,
Plastic deformation process stage, the smelting technology include charging, refining, casting and Homogenization Treatments, also included before preferably feeding
Baking material technique.The preparation method specifically includes following steps：
1) baking material：AZ31 commercializations magnesium alloy and CaO are respectively dried；
2) feed：AZ31 magnesium alloys after drying are heated into fusing, obtain magnesium liquid；Magnesium liquid is continued to be heated to 700-740
DEG C, and keeping temperature is constant, and CaO is pressed into magnesium liquid, and is stirred；
3) refine：Refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon in the magnesium liquid obtained by step 2), stirring obtains melt；
4) cast：Gained melt temperature control in step 3) after 700-740 DEG C, held for some time, is removed into surface
Scum silica frost and cast alloys ingot；
5) Homogenization Treatments：By air cooling after above-mentioned alloy pig isothermal holding；
6) it is plastically deformed：Alloy pig obtained by step 5) is plastically deformed, obtains target AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys.
Wherein, the AZ31 magnesium alloys in the step 1) are the commercial magnesium alloy ingot for meeting component proportion, by weight hundred
Divide than meter, it includes following component：Al2.5-3.5%, Mn0.15-0.5%, Zn 0.6-1.4%, respective content are respectively less than
0.02% Si, Fe, Ni, surplus Mg, inevitable impurity can also be included.
It is preferred that the baking material temperature is 180-250 DEG C, the baking material time is more than 3 hours.CaO described in step 1) is powder
The mass percent of last shape, wherein CaO is more than 98%.In the step 2), it is preferred to use electrical crucible carrys out heating and melting；
The CaO is preferably wrapped up using aluminium foil, then is pressed into stainless steel bell jar in magnesium liquid, ensures CaO with fully being connect inside magnesium liquid
Touch, preferably incorporate in magnesium liquid；
Wherein, refining agent described in step 3), according to mass percent meter, it is made up of following component：30-50% chlorinations
Magnesium, 15-5% sodium chloride, 15-25% potassium chloride, 2-7% calcium chloride, 3-7% barium chlorides, 5-15% cerous carbonates, the boron of 5-15% tetra-
Sour potassium.It is preferred that the refining agent dosage is the 0.5-5% of raw material magnesium alloy quality.
In step 4), the soaking time is 10-30 minutes, preferably 10-20 minutes；The casting, which uses, to be previously heated to
200-250 DEG C of stainless steel mould is completed.
In step 5), holding temperature is 350~400 DEG C, and soaking time is 5~15 hours, preferably 6~10 hours.
In step 6), it is plastically deformed and is carried out in the case where temperature is 300~350 DEG C.The plastic deformation can be extruding, roll
The plastic deformation modes such as system, forging are carried out.
Preferably, step 1), step 2), step 3 and step 4) are protected in sulfur hexafluoride and carbon dioxide gas mixture
Under the conditions of carry out.
As example, a kind of preparation method of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys provided by the invention, be divided into smelting technology,
The plastic deformation process stage.When CaO is 0, following steps are specifically included：1) baking material, AZ31 commercializations magnesium alloy is dried；2) add
Material, the AZ31 magnesium alloys after drying are heated into fusing, obtain magnesium liquid；Magnesium liquid is continued to be heated to 700-740 DEG C, and keeping temperature
It is constant；3) refine, refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon in the magnesium liquid obtained by step 2), stirring obtains melt；4) cast, by step 3)
Gained melt temperature is controlled after 700-740 DEG C, held for some time, removes surface scum and cast alloys ingot；5) homogenize
Processing, by air cooling after above-mentioned alloy pig isothermal holding；6) it is plastically deformed, alloy pig obtained by step 5) is plastically deformed, obtained
To target AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys.Process conditions in the preparation method are as described above.
The CaO that the present invention is existed from nature and price is relatively low, by a series of reaction, prepares as raw material
AZ31-CaO novel magnesium alloys.By adding a certain amount of CaO into AZ31 magnesium alloys, it is set to occur in AZ31 magnesium liquids instead
Should, high-temperature stable phase, while crystal grain thinning are introduced in alloy graining process, and by plastic deformation process afterwards, make conjunction
Gold possesses more excellent mechanical property.
Present invention also offers a kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys prepared using the above method.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) present invention is by adding CaO in smelting technology, and is introduced into inside magnesium liquid, is carrying out subsequent operation, will
Mutually introducing alloy with high-temperature stable, plays invigoration effect；And by adding CaO, the tissue of cast alloy has been refined, play
The effect that refinement is strengthened, further increase the mechanical property of alloy.
(2) present invention recrystallizes crystal grain, and react the high-temperature stable of generation by being plastically deformed (crimp)
The generation of recrystallization is mutually promoted, so as to further improve the mechanical property of alloy material.
(3) present invention is modified by additive and process modification is combined, and modified magnesium alloy ductility is good, and tension
Intensity greatly enhances.
(4) present invention is preferable from room-temperature property, and the good AZ31 commercializations magnesium alloy of forming property is alloy raw material, from certainly
The right boundary's generally existing and relatively low CaO of price is additive, greatly reduces material cost.
(5) processing technology of the invention is simple, convenient, is easy to industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the magnesium alloy metallograph after Homogenization Treatments in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the magnesium alloy metallograph after Homogenization Treatments in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is longitudinal section metallograph after being extruded in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is longitudinal section metallograph after being extruded in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further with reference to specific embodiment.Unless otherwise indicated, it is following
All instruments, material, reagent etc. can be obtained by routine business means in example；Unless otherwise indicated, herein
" % " is mass percent.
<Embodiment 1>
The high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys of the present embodiment include following component：AZ31 commercialization magnesium alloys, 0wt%CaO
(wt% refers to that the weight of each component accounts for the percentage of subject alloy gross weight, and the gross weight is the gross weight of AZ31 commercialization magnesium alloys
Amount).
Preparation method is as follows：
Smelting technology：Whole fusion process is in SF6And CO2Carried out under the conditions of mixed gas protected.Weighed according to formula ratio
AZ31 commercialization magnesium alloys, the raw material weighed are then placed in 180 DEG C and dried more than 3 hours.AZ31 commercializations magnesium after drying is closed
Gold is put into SF6And CO2Fusing is heated in mixed gas protected crucible electrical resistance furnace, obtains the AZ31 magnesium liquids of molten condition, when
Keeping temperature is constant when magnesium liquid temperature is raised to 720 DEG C, and advance load weighted refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon in magnesium liquid, stirred 10 minutes
Afterwards, scum silica frost and cast alloys ingot are removed, steel die used of casting needs to be previously heated to 200 DEG C.
Plastic deformation process：It will carry out homogenizing for 10 hours under the conditions of 350 DEG C by the alloy pig that smelting technology obtains
Processing, the alloy for completing Homogenization Treatments is then subjected to crimp under conditions of 300 DEG C, extrusion ratio is 9.
Fig. 1, Fig. 3 respectively homogenize the gold of longitudinal section (parallel to the direction of extrusion) after metallograph and extruding after heat treatment
Phasor.
Through examining the room-temperature mechanical property of this kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloy as follows：Tensile strength is 265Mpa, is prolonged
Rate is stretched for 16.18%.
<Embodiment 2>
The high-strength magnesium alloy of the present embodiment includes following component by percentage to the quality：AZ31 commercialization magnesium alloys,
(wt% refers to that the weight of each component accounts for the percentage of subject alloy gross weight to 1wt% CaO, and the gross weight is AZ31 commercialization magnesium
The gross weight of alloy).
Preparation method is as follows：
Smelting technology：Whole fusion process is in SF6And CO2Carried out under the conditions of mixed gas protected.Weighed according to formula ratio
AZ31 commercialization magnesium alloys, the raw material weighed are then placed in 180 DEG C and dried more than 3 hours.AZ31 commercializations magnesium after drying is closed
Gold is put into SF6And CO2Fusing is heated in mixed gas protected crucible electrical resistance furnace, obtains the AZ31 magnesium liquids of molten condition, when
Keeping temperature is constant when magnesium liquid temperature is raised to 740 DEG C, and the CaO powder wrapped up using aluminium foil is pressed into magnesium liquid using stainless steel bell jar
In, after stirring 10 minutes, power supply is closed, when temperature is down to 720 DEG C, advance load weighted refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon magnesium liquid
On, stir 10 minutes, be incubated 20 minutes and remove scum silica frost and cast alloys ingot, steel die used of casting needs to be previously heated to
250℃。
Plastic deformation process：It will be carried out by the alloy pig that smelting technology obtains under the conditions of 400 DEG C at 6 hours homogenization
Reason, the alloy for completing Homogenization Treatments is then subjected to crimp under conditions of 300 DEG C, extrusion ratio is 9.
Fig. 2, Fig. 4 respectively homogenize the gold of longitudinal section (parallel to the direction of extrusion) after metallograph and extruding after heat treatment
Phasor.
Through examining the room-temperature mechanical property of this kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloy as follows：Tensile strength is 311Mpa, is prolonged
Rate is stretched for 16.34%.
The test result of integrated embodiment 1,2 can be seen that to be handled AZ31 magnesium alloys using the method for the present invention
The AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys of gained have preferable ductility and tensile strength afterwards；Particularly, the feelings being basically unchanged in elongation percentage
Under condition, adding CaO alloy mechanical property has more obvious improvement.
It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described above is only used for explaining the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.By
Among the obvious changes or variations that the spirit of the present invention is extended out is still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high intensity AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys, by weight percentage, it contains following component：AZ31 magnesium alloys and 0
~1% CaO, wherein, the AZ31 magnesium alloys contain Al 2.5~3.5%, Mn 0.15~0.5%, Zn 0.6~1.4%,
Si ＜ 0.02%, Fe ＜ 0.02%, Ni ＜ 0.02%, surplus Mg；
The AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys are prepared by smelting technology and plastic deformation process.
2. the preparation method of the AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys described in claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
1) baking material, AZ31 magnesium alloys and CaO are respectively dried；
2) feed, the AZ31 magnesium alloys after drying are heated into fusing, obtain magnesium liquid；Magnesium liquid is continued to be heated to 700-740 DEG C, and
Keeping temperature is constant, and CaO is pressed into magnesium liquid, and is stirred；
3) refine, refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon in the magnesium liquid obtained by step 2), stirring obtains melt；
4) cast, gained melt temperature control in step 3) after 700-740 DEG C, held for some time, is removed into surface scum
And cast alloys ingot；
5) Homogenization Treatments, by above-mentioned alloy pig after isothermal holding air cooling；
6) it is plastically deformed, alloy pig obtained by step 5) is plastically deformed, obtains target AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys.
3. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the AZ31 in the step 1)
Magnesium alloy is the commercial magnesium alloy ingot for meeting component proportion, and by weight percentage, it includes following component：Al2.5-
3.5%, Mn0.15-0.5%, Zn 0.6-1.4%, respective content are respectively less than 0.02% Si, Fe, Ni, surplus Mg.
4. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the baking material in the step 1)
Temperature is 180-250 DEG C, and the baking material time is more than 3 hours.
5. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the refining in the step 3)
Agent, according to mass percent meter, it is made up of following component：30-50% magnesium chlorides, 15-5% sodium chloride, 15-25% potassium chloride,
2-7% calcium chloride, 3-7% barium chlorides, 5-15% cerous carbonates, 5-15% dipotassium tetraborates；The refining agent dosage is 0.5-5%.
6. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 4), soaking time
For 10-30 minutes.
7. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 5), holding temperature
For 350~400 DEG C, soaking time is 5~15 hours.
8. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 6), plastic deformation
Carried out at being 300~350 DEG C in temperature；The plastic deformation mode for being plastic deformation to extruding, rolling or forging.
9. the preparation method of AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that step 1), step 2), step
3 and step 4) carried out under sulfur hexafluoride and carbon dioxide gas mixture protective condition.
10. the preparation method of the AZ31-CaO magnesium alloys described in claim 1, by weight percentage, the AZ31-CaO magnesium
Alloy includes following component：Al2.5~3.5%, Mn0.15~0.5%, Zn 0.6~1.4%, Si ＜ 0.02%, Fe ＜
0.02%, Ni ＜ 0.02%, surplus Mg；Characterized in that, the preparation method specifically includes following steps：
1) baking material, AZ31 magnesium alloys are dried；Wherein described AZ31 magnesium alloys contain said components；
2) feed, the AZ31 magnesium alloys after drying are heated into fusing, obtain magnesium liquid；Magnesium liquid is continued to be heated to 700-740 DEG C, and
Keeping temperature is constant；
3) refine, refining agent is uniformly sprinkling upon in the magnesium liquid obtained by step 2), stirring obtains melt；
4) cast, gained melt temperature control in step 3) after 700-740 DEG C, held for some time, is removed into surface scum
And cast alloys ingot；
5) Homogenization Treatments, by air cooling after above-mentioned alloy pig isothermal holding；
6) it is plastically deformed, alloy pig obtained by step 5) is plastically deformed, obtains target magnesium alloy.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109266931A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-25 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high-performance magnesium-alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575523A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 天津理工大学 | Preparation method of AZ91 alloy for vehicle |
| CN112375934A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽军明机械制造有限公司 | Method for improving mechanical property of AZ31 magnesium alloy by using low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109266931A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-25 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high-performance magnesium-alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575523A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 天津理工大学 | Preparation method of AZ91 alloy for vehicle |
| CN112375934A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽军明机械制造有限公司 | Method for improving mechanical property of AZ31 magnesium alloy by using low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
| CN112375934B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽军明机械制造有限公司 | Method for improving mechanical property of AZ31 magnesium alloy by using low-frequency ultrasonic waves |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |