CN107447140A - A kind of high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107447140A CN107447140A CN201710615086.2A CN201710615086A CN107447140A CN 107447140 A CN107447140 A CN 107447140A CN 201710615086 A CN201710615086 A CN 201710615086A CN 107447140 A CN107447140 A CN 107447140A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance and preparation method thereof, Ho and Zr elements are added toward Al Zn Mg Cu series high-strength aluminum alloys simultaneously, pass through the processing steps such as the processing of dispensing, melting, casting and homogenizing annealing and solution treatment, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al Zn Mg Cu Ho Zr excellent performances is made, its chemical composition forms by weight percentage：6%Zn, 2.5%Mg, 1.6%Cu, 0.5%Ho, 0.1~0.3%Zr, remaining is Al.Because Ho catharsis is combined with Zr Grain refinement, Al Zn Mg Cu alloy structures are made to obtain significantly refinement, and impurity is reduced, crystal boundary is purified；After homogenizing annealing processing and solution treatment, the tensile strength of alloy is effectively improved, alloy comprehensive mechanical property is significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic composite preparing technical field, the high strength alumin ium alloy of more particularly to a kind of excellent performance and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength aluminum alloy is because easy-formation is processed and has high specific strength, excellent physics and change
Performance is learned, and is widely used in aircraft, naval vessel naval vessels.But with Aeronautics and Astronautics, the fast development of sea-freight, people couple
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength aluminum alloy proposes higher requirement, and therefore, acquisition high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high fracture are tough
Property, low crack growth rate, it is antifatigue, corrosion-resistant and inexpensive the advantages that Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy into
One of focus for countries in the world developing material.Can by adding trace element into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength aluminum alloy
Improve the performance of material to a certain extent, but its performance does not see report by rare earth Ho and Zr are added jointly research both at home and abroad
Road.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho- of excellent performance
Zr high strength alumin ium alloys.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, the high strength alumin ium alloy are Al-Zn-Mg-
Cu-Ho-Zr alloys, the alloy composition form by weight percentage：6%Zn, 2.5%Mg, 1.6%Cu, 0.5%Ho, 0.1~
0.3%Zr, remaining is Al.
A kind of preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, comprises the following steps：
（1）With commercial-purity aluminium（99.99%）, pure zinc（99.99%）, pure magnesium（99.99%）, fine copper（99.99%）, among Al-10%Ho
Alloy and Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are raw material, and above-mentioned raw materials are cut into small pieces respectively using cutting machine, and are polished with sand paper, with
The partial impurities such as oxide-film, the greasy dirt on raw material surface are removed, and are preheated at 150~200 DEG C, remove the water on raw material surface；
（2）Preheated technical pure aluminium block is placed in graphite-clay crucible first and is put into crucible open type resistance furnace, regulating stove
Up to 770~780 DEG C of temperature rise, after the fusing of technical pure aluminium block adjusting furnace temperature to 750~760 DEG C when add fine copper block, and with stirring
Mix rod to be stirred, stand 15~20min；When adjusting furnace temperature is to 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys, stirring are added
And stand 10~15min；Be subsequently added into Al-10%Ho intermediate alloys stirring, stand 10~15min after blow-on skim, add pure zinc
Block stands 10~15min；Pure MAG block is eventually adding, blow-on is taken off after 10~15min of stirring standing after pure MAG block is fused into aluminium liquid
Slag, refining agent 15g refining degasification is added afterwards, 15~20min is stood after stirring, blow-on checks whether liquid level has clinker etc.
Impurity, after taking off clean liquid level, control furnace temperature is at 720 DEG C~730 DEG C；
（3）Will be through step（2）Melted alloy liquid, which pours, to be cast from 200~220 DEG C of preheated metal grinding tools, and cooling is de-
Mould, it is prepared into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots；
（4）Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots are placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, first carry out homogenizing annealing processing with after
Solution treatment is carried out, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr excellent performances is made.
Further, when often adding a kind of alloy raw material progress melting, all uniformly sprinkle 15g on the alloy molten solution surface and cover
Lid agent, the coverture are NaCl:KCl=1:1.
Further, the step（2）In refining agent be C2Cl6。
Further, the step（4）In Homogenization Treatments temperature be 460 DEG C, soaking time 24h, furnace temperature
Control errors are at ± 2 DEG C, air cooling of being come out of the stove when furnace temperature is reduced to 300 DEG C after insulation terminates；The furnace temperature of the solution treatment is 470
DEG C, 1h is incubated, the control errors of furnace temperature at ± 2 DEG C, take out Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots after terminating and use by soaking time
Room temperature water quenching, quenching shift time are less than 5s.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：After adding Ho, Zr simultaneously to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, due to Ho catharsis
It is combined with Zr Grain refinement, alloy structure obtains significantly refinement, and impurity is reduced, and crystal boundary is purified；Through uniform
After annealing processing and solution treatment, the tensile strength of alloy is effectively improved, alloy comprehensive mechanical property is significantly improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is different content Ho and Zr Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy micro-organization chart.
Fig. 2 is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy surface shape appearance figures of as cast condition and solid solution state in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is influences of the different content Ho and Zr to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy tensile strength.
Reference：A, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, B, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-0.5%Ho alloy, C, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-
0.5%Ho-0.2%Zr, a- as cast condition, b- solid solution states.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, comprises the following steps：
1. with commercial-purity aluminium（99.99%）, pure zinc（99.99%）, pure magnesium（99.99%）, fine copper（99.99%）, among Al-10%Ho
Alloy and Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are raw material, and Al-6%Zn-2.5%Mg-1.6%Cu by weight percentage is prepared, and rare earth Ho is added
Content is 0.5%, and 0.1%Zr is separately added on the basis of 0.5%Ho, and above-mentioned raw materials are cut into small pieces respectively using cutting machine, and
Polished with sand paper, to remove the partial impurities such as the oxide-film on raw material surface, greasy dirt, and preheated at 150~200 DEG C, removed former
Expect the water on surface；
2. preheated technical pure aluminium block is placed in graphite-clay crucible first and is put into crucible open type resistance furnace, adjusting furnace temperature
Be increased to 770~780 DEG C, after technical pure aluminium block fusing after adjusting furnace temperature to 750~760 DEG C when add fine copper block, and with stir
Rod is stirred, and stands 15~20min；When adjusting furnace temperature is to 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are added, stirring is simultaneously
Stand 10~15min；Be subsequently added into Al-10%Ho intermediate alloys stirring, stand 10~15min after blow-on skim, add pure spelter
Stand 10~15min；Pure MAG block is eventually adding, blow-on is skimmed after 10~15min of stirring standing after pure MAG block is fused into aluminium liquid,
Refining agent is added afterwards（C2Cl6）15g refines degasification, and 15~20min is stood after stirring, and blow-on checks whether liquid level has stove
The impurity such as slag, after taking off clean liquid level, control furnace temperature is at 720 DEG C~730 DEG C；A kind of alloy raw material is often added above carries out melting
When, 15g covertures are all uniformly sprinkled on the alloy molten solution surface, the coverture is NaCl:KCl=1:1；
3. being cast from being poured through the melted alloy liquid of step 2 in 200~220 DEG C of preheated metal grinding tools, cooling and demolding, make
It is standby into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots；
4. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots are placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, homogenizing annealing processing is first carried out with after
Solution treatment is carried out, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr excellent performances is made；Wherein, the temperature of Homogenization Treatments
For 460 DEG C, soaking time 24h, the control errors of furnace temperature are come out of the stove at ± 2 DEG C when furnace temperature is reduced to 300 DEG C after insulation terminates
Air cooling；The furnace temperature of the solution treatment is 470 DEG C, is incubated 1h, at ± 2 DEG C, soaking time takes the control errors of furnace temperature after terminating
Go out Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingot room temperature water quenchings, quenching shift time is less than 5s.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, comprises the following steps：
1. with commercial-purity aluminium（99.99%）, pure zinc（99.99%）, pure magnesium（99.99%）, fine copper（99.99%）, among Al-10%Ho
Alloy and Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are raw material, and Al-6%Zn-2.5%Mg-1.6%Cu by weight percentage is prepared, and rare earth Ho is added
Content is 0.5%, and 0.2%Zr is separately added on the basis of 0.5%Ho, and above-mentioned raw materials are cut into small pieces respectively using cutting machine, and
Polished with sand paper, to remove the partial impurities such as the oxide-film on raw material surface, greasy dirt, and preheated at 150~200 DEG C, removed former
Expect the water on surface；
2. preheated technical pure aluminium block is placed in graphite-clay crucible first and is put into crucible open type resistance furnace, adjusting furnace temperature
Be increased to 770~780 DEG C, after technical pure aluminium block fusing after adjusting furnace temperature to 750~760 DEG C when add fine copper block, and with stir
Rod is stirred, and stands 15~20min；When adjusting furnace temperature is to 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are added, stirring is simultaneously
Stand 10~15min；Be subsequently added into Al-10%Ho intermediate alloys stirring, stand 10~15min after blow-on skim, add pure spelter
Stand 10~15min；Pure MAG block is eventually adding, blow-on is skimmed after 10~15min of stirring standing after pure MAG block is fused into aluminium liquid,
Refining agent is added afterwards（C2Cl6）15g refines degasification, and 15~20min is stood after stirring, and blow-on checks whether liquid level has stove
The impurity such as slag, after taking off clean liquid level, control furnace temperature is at 720 DEG C~730 DEG C；A kind of alloy raw material is often added above carries out melting
When, 15g covertures are all uniformly sprinkled on the alloy molten solution surface, the coverture is NaCl:KCl=1:1；
3. being cast from being poured through the melted alloy liquid of step 2 in 200~220 DEG C of preheated metal grinding tools, cooling and demolding, make
It is standby into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots；
4. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots are placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, homogenizing annealing processing is first carried out with after
Solution treatment is carried out, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr excellent performances is made；Wherein, the temperature of Homogenization Treatments
For 460 DEG C, soaking time 24h, the control errors of furnace temperature are come out of the stove at ± 2 DEG C when furnace temperature is reduced to 300 DEG C after insulation terminates
Air cooling；The furnace temperature of the solution treatment is 470 DEG C, is incubated 1h, at ± 2 DEG C, soaking time takes the control errors of furnace temperature after terminating
Go out Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingot room temperature water quenchings, quenching shift time is less than 5s.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, comprises the following steps：
1. with commercial-purity aluminium（99.99%）, pure zinc（99.99%）, pure magnesium（99.99%）, fine copper（99.99%）, among Al-10%Ho
Alloy and Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are raw material, and Al-6%Zn-2.5%Mg-1.6%Cu by weight percentage is prepared, and rare earth Ho is added
Content is 0.5%, and 0.3%Zr is separately added on the basis of 0.5%Ho, and above-mentioned raw materials are cut into small pieces respectively using cutting machine, and
Polished with sand paper, to remove the partial impurities such as the oxide-film on raw material surface, greasy dirt, and preheated at 150~200 DEG C, removed former
Expect the water on surface；
2. preheated technical pure aluminium block is placed in graphite-clay crucible first and is put into crucible open type resistance furnace, adjusting furnace temperature
Be increased to 770~780 DEG C, after technical pure aluminium block fusing after adjusting furnace temperature to 750~760 DEG C when add fine copper block, and with stir
Rod is stirred, and stands 15~20min；When adjusting furnace temperature is to 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are added, stirring is simultaneously
Stand 10~15min；Be subsequently added into Al-10%Ho intermediate alloys stirring, stand 10~15min after blow-on skim, add pure spelter
Stand 10~15min；Pure MAG block is eventually adding, blow-on is skimmed after 10~15min of stirring standing after pure MAG block is fused into aluminium liquid,
Refining agent is added afterwards（C2Cl6）15g refines degasification, and 15~20min is stood after stirring, and blow-on checks whether liquid level has stove
The impurity such as slag, after taking off clean liquid level, control furnace temperature is at 720 DEG C~730 DEG C；A kind of alloy raw material is often added above carries out melting
When, 15g covertures are all uniformly sprinkled on the alloy molten solution surface, the coverture is NaCl:KCl=1:1；
3. being cast from being poured through the melted alloy liquid of step 2 in 200~220 DEG C of preheated metal grinding tools, cooling and demolding, make
It is standby into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots；
4. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots are placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, homogenizing annealing processing is first carried out with after
Solution treatment is carried out, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr excellent performances is made；Wherein, the temperature of Homogenization Treatments
For 460 DEG C, soaking time 24h, the control errors of furnace temperature are come out of the stove at ± 2 DEG C when furnace temperature is reduced to 300 DEG C after insulation terminates
Air cooling；The furnace temperature of the solution treatment is 470 DEG C, is incubated 1h, at ± 2 DEG C, soaking time takes the control errors of furnace temperature after terminating
Go out Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingot room temperature water quenchings, quenching shift time is less than 5s.
In order to further illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention, control group A l-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys and Al-Zn- are prepared respectively
Mg-Cu-Ho alloys；Using the grain size and pattern of lower alloy after metallography microscope sem observation as cast condition and solution treatment, use
Model Phenom ProX scanning electron microscopic observations tissues and fracture surface of sample pattern, using Instron8801 universal material testings
Machine determines the tensile strength of alloy.
As shown in figure 1, it is column crystal that the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy tissue crystal grain for not adding rare earth Ho and Zr is most of
Grain, and the cocrystalization compound being present between crystal grain and crystal boundary is thicker.And after with the addition of 0.5% rare earth Ho,
Crystal grain in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho alloys has obtained certain refinement, and the cocrystalization compound being present between crystal boundary and crystal grain is thin
Change particularly evident, crystal boundary is totally clear；On the basis of 0.5% rare earth Ho is added, the Al-Zn-Mg- of 0.2%Zr elements with the addition of
Cu-Ho-Zr alloys（Embodiment 2）Tissue crystal grain more refine, and the pattern of crystal grain more level off to it is spherical.
As shown in Fig. 2 after solution treatment, a part of Solid Solution of Second Phase Particles is in matrix, and another part is due to adding
Enter rare earth Ho and Zr Microalloying Effect, the phase that can be dissolved in matrix combined to form with Al, Cu, Zn around crystal boundary etc.,
So that the second phase oversize grain that part concentrates on crystal boundary has dissolved in matrix again, reduce the crystalline substance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy
Boundary is segregated, and improves tissue, optimizes performance.
As shown in figure 3, for as cast condition Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, the tensile strength for adding alloy after rare earth Ho obtains
Lifting.Meanwhile in the case where rare earth Ho contents are constant, with the increase of Zr contents, curve is in downward trend after first rising,
When content is 0.2%Zr, tensile strength reaches maximum（328MPa）.This explanation Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is moved back by homogenization
After fire processing and solution treatment, the solute element in alloy has dissolved in matrix, meanwhile, the second phase particles of part segregation also incorporate
Matrix, matrix is produced distortion of lattice, hinder dislocation motion, so as to improve the intensity of alloy, and Ho and Zr addition
The non-spontaneous nucleation of formation serves the effect of crystal grain thinning.When Ho contents are constant, with the increase of Zr contents, it refines brilliant
The effect of grain and solution strengthening is improved, so that the tensile strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is more significantly improved.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance, it is characterised in that：The high strength alumin ium alloy closes for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr Gold, the alloy composition form by weight percentage：6%Zn, 2.5%Mg, 1.6%Cu, 0.5%Ho, 0.1~0.3%Zr, remaining For Al.
- A kind of 2. preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including following Step：（1）With commercial-purity aluminium（99.99%）, pure zinc（99.99%）, pure magnesium（99.99%）, fine copper（99.99%）, among Al-10%Ho Alloy and Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys are raw material, and above-mentioned raw materials are cut into small pieces respectively using cutting machine, and are polished with sand paper, with The partial impurities such as oxide-film, the greasy dirt on raw material surface are removed, and are preheated at 150~200 DEG C, remove the water on raw material surface；（2）Preheated technical pure aluminium block is placed in graphite-clay crucible first and is put into crucible open type resistance furnace, regulating stove Up to 770~780 DEG C of temperature rise, after the fusing of technical pure aluminium block adjusting furnace temperature to 750~760 DEG C when add fine copper block, and with stirring Mix rod to be stirred, stand 15~20min；When adjusting furnace temperature is to 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, Al-10%Zr intermediate alloys, stirring are added And stand 10~15min；Be subsequently added into Al-10%Ho intermediate alloys stirring, stand 10~15min after blow-on skim, add pure zinc Block stands 10~15min；Pure MAG block is eventually adding, blow-on is taken off after 10~15min of stirring standing after pure MAG block is fused into aluminium liquid Slag, refining agent 15g refining degasification is added afterwards, 15~20min is stood after stirring, blow-on checks whether liquid level has clinker etc. Impurity, after taking off clean liquid level, control furnace temperature is at 720 DEG C~730 DEG C；（3）Will be through step（2）Melted alloy liquid, which pours, to be cast from 200~220 DEG C of preheated metal grinding tools, and cooling is de- Mould, it is prepared into Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots；（4）Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingots are placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace, first carry out homogenizing annealing processing with after Solution treatment is carried out, the high strength alumin ium alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr excellent performances is made.
- 3. the preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Often add a kind of close When golden raw material carries out melting, 15g covertures are all uniformly sprinkled on the alloy molten solution surface, the coverture is NaCl:KCl=1: 1。
- 4. the preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step（2） In refining agent be C2Cl6。
- 5. the preparation method of the high strength alumin ium alloy of excellent performance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step（4） In Homogenization Treatments temperature be 460 DEG C, soaking time 24h, the control errors of furnace temperature are at ± 2 DEG C, after insulation terminates Furnace temperature is come out of the stove air cooling when being reduced to 300 DEG C；The temperature of the solution treatment is 470 DEG C, is incubated 1h, the control errors of furnace temperature ± 2 DEG C, soaking time takes out Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ho-Zr alloy cast ingot room temperature water quenchings after terminating, and quenching shift time is less than 5s。
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| CN114150193A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-08 | 广西大学 | Cr-modified heat-resistant aluminum-based alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114150193A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-08 | 广西大学 | Cr-modified heat-resistant aluminum-based alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
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