CN107447066B - Integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater - Google Patents
Integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater Download PDFInfo
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- CN107447066B CN107447066B CN201710861098.3A CN201710861098A CN107447066B CN 107447066 B CN107447066 B CN 107447066B CN 201710861098 A CN201710861098 A CN 201710861098A CN 107447066 B CN107447066 B CN 107447066B
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- pulverized coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater capable of heating pulverized coal to a high temperature of more than 300 ℃, which can greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency, has more obvious effects of saving energy and reducing emission of the blast furnace and further reduces the investment of unit furnace volume; the technical scheme is as follows: the side surface of one end of the preheater body is provided with a heating medium inlet, the side surface of the other end of the preheater body is provided with a heating medium outlet, at least one pulverized coal conveying pipeline transversely penetrates through two ends of the preheater body, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the side wall in the cavity of the preheater body in a matching manner, a plurality of preheating units are sequentially arranged between the heat insulation layer and the pulverized coal conveying pipeline at equal intervals, and adjacent preheating units are alternately distributed up and down, so that the heating medium advances along the wave shape of the inner cavity of the preheater body, and the preheating unit connected with the end part of the preheater body is connected to the inner side of the end part of the preheater body through a compensator; the invention can be widely applied to the field of blast furnace coal powder injection conveying devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater, and belongs to the technical field of blast furnace pulverized coal injection conveying devices.
Background
The blast furnace injection technology is that the fine ground coal powder is directly injected into the blast furnace to replace metallurgical coke with poor resources and high price, and the fine ground coal powder plays a role of a heating agent and a reducing agent, so that the coke ratio and the pig iron cost are reduced, the method is one of the most effective measures for saving coke, increasing the yield and improving the smelting process of steel enterprises, and about more than 90 percent of the pig iron is smelted by the blast furnace injected with fuel.
With the increase of the injection quantity, after the coal injection ratio is increased to a certain limit, the reduction amplitude of the coke ratio is greatly reduced, the main reason is that the injected coal powder can not be completely combusted in front of the tuyere, unburned coal powder can be brought out of a convolution area by rising coal gas and adhered to slag when forming slag, the viscosity of primary slag is increased, the air permeability of a material column is deteriorated, the blast furnace is not smooth, and even part of carbon particles are brought out of the furnace to be wasted. Therefore, how to increase the combustion rate of the pulverized coal in front of the tuyere becomes a key for further increasing the coal injection ratio.
The conveying mode of the blast furnace coal injection powder has two modes, one is a special vehicle for filling the coal powder, and the other is pipeline pneumatic conveying, wherein the pneumatic conveying has good continuity, large capacity and good tightness, and is the commonly adopted coal powder conveying mode in the blast furnace coal injection. At present, the pneumatic conveying of pipelines is adopted, namely, pulverized coal is directly sprayed into a blast furnace through a pipeline, the pulverized coal sprayed into the blast furnace meets hot air with the temperature of over 1100 ℃, a process from heating to ignition exists, and the higher the temperature of the pulverized coal is, the more the pulverized coal is beneficial to complete combustion of the pulverized coal.
A patent of a practical ' multistage sectional type heating conveying pipe for pulverized coal injected into a blast furnace ' (patent number is ZL 200820076481.4) which is commonly applied by Fangsheng injection technology limited company and Lu ' mining industry (group) limited company in Shanxi in 2008, and discloses the multistage sectional type heating conveying pipe for pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace. The problem that the combustion rate is influenced by directly blowing cold coal powder in the blowing technology is solved. However, since indirect remote single-pipeline heating is adopted, the coal powder can only be heated to 160 ℃, and then the coal powder is difficult to heat upwards, so that the temperature of the coal powder cannot be further increased, and the utilization rate of the coal powder cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides the integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater which can heat the pulverized coal to a high temperature of more than 300 ℃, greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency, has more obvious effects of saving energy and reducing emission of the blast furnace, and further reduces the investment of unit furnace volume.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an integrated preheater for pulverized coal injection of a blast furnace comprises a preheater body and a pulverized coal conveying pipeline, wherein the preheater body is of a tubular structure with two closed ends, and the side surface of one end of the preheater body is provided with a heating medium inlet, the side surface of the other end of the preheater body is provided with a heating medium outlet, at least one pulverized coal conveying pipeline transversely penetrates through the two ends of the preheater body, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the side wall in the cavity of the preheater body in a matching way, a plurality of preheating units are sequentially arranged between the heat insulation layer and the pulverized coal conveying pipeline at equal intervals, and the adjacent preheating units are alternately distributed up and down, so that the heating medium advances along the wave shape of the inner cavity of the preheater body, the preheating unit connected with the end part of the preheater body is connected to the inner side of the end part of the preheater body through a compensator and is used for matching the deformation of a pulverized coal conveying pipeline;
the preheating unit has the structure that: the coal dust preheating device comprises a guide plate, a support sleeve, a flow distribution plate and a support plate, wherein the support plate is tightly attached to the inner side of a heat insulation layer and transversely arranged in a preheater body, the support sleeve is sleeved on a coal dust conveying pipeline, the inner diameter of the support sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the coal dust conveying pipeline, the guide plate is arranged on one side of the horizontal central plane of the support sleeve, the flow distribution plate is arranged on the other side of the horizontal central plane of the support sleeve, the guide plate is perpendicular to the axial direction of the preheater body and forces a heating medium to change the flowing direction, the cross section of the flow distribution plate is of a parabolic structure and divides the heating medium in a preheating unit into two parts, so that the coal dust conveying pipeline in the preheating unit is ensured not to have heating dead angles, and the guide plate and the flow distribution plate are fixedly connected with the coal dust conveying pipeline through a reinforcing plate.
And a temperature sensor is arranged in the pulverized coal conveying pipeline.
And an expansion joint is arranged in the middle of the preheater body corresponding to the preheating unit.
The thermal insulation layer is a fiber module.
The compensator is a waveform compensator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the waste flue gas of the high-temperature hot blast stove after being heated enters through the heat medium inlet, the heat of the flue gas is directly transferred to the coal powder in the coal powder conveying pipeline through heat exchange in the flowing process of the preheating unit, and the flue gas is discharged from the heating medium outlet and then enters the coal pulverizer to dry the coal powder. The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas is opposite to the conveying direction of the pulverized coal, so that the temperature of the pulverized coal can be ensured to be increased step by step, and the pulverized coal conveying device adopts a multi-pipeline turbulent flow heat exchange device. Therefore, the heating speed of the pulverized coal can be faster, the effect can be better, and the combustion efficiency of the pulverized coal can be further improved. The invention adopts an integrated device with diversion and a flow dividing device for heat exchange and internal heat preservation, the volume is 30 percent smaller than that of the prior art, the heating temperature can be improved by 50-80 ℃, and the thermal efficiency is improved by 27 percent.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preheating unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the compensator of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a preheater body 1, a heat medium inlet 2, a heating medium outlet 3, a pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a preheating unit 6, a guide plate 61, a support sleeve 62, a flow distribution plate 63, a support plate 64, a reinforcing plate 65, a compensator 7, a temperature sensor 8 and an expansion joint 9.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the integrated pulverized coal injection preheater for the blast furnace comprises a preheater body 1 and pulverized coal conveying pipes 4, wherein the preheater body 1 is of a tubular structure with two closed ends, a heating medium inlet 2 is arranged on one side surface of one end of the preheater body 1, a heating medium outlet 3 is arranged on the other side surface of the preheater body 1, at least one pulverized coal conveying pipe 4 transversely penetrates through two ends of the preheater body 1, a heat insulation layer 5 is arranged on the side wall in the cavity of the preheater body 1 in a matching manner, a plurality of preheating units 6 are sequentially arranged between the heat insulation layer 5 and the pulverized coal conveying pipes 4 at equal intervals, and the adjacent preheating units 6 are alternately distributed up and down, so that the heating medium advances along the inner cavity of the preheater body 1 in a wavy manner, and the preheating units 6 connected with the end part of the preheater body 1 are connected to the inner side of the end part of the preheater body 1 through compensators 7, is used for matching the deformation of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4;
the preheating unit 6 has the structure that: comprises a guide plate 61, a support sleeve 62, a flow distribution plate 63 and a support plate 64, wherein the support plate 64 is tightly attached to the inner side of a heat insulation layer 5 and transversely arranged in a preheater body 1, the support sleeve 62 is sleeved on a coal powder conveying pipeline 4, the inner diameter of the support sleeve 62 is larger than the outer diameter of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4, a guide plate 61 is arranged on one side of the horizontal central plane of the support sleeve 62, the other side of the horizontal central plane of the supporting sleeve 62 is provided with a splitter plate 63, the deflector plate 61 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the preheater body 1 to force the heating medium to change the flowing direction, the cross section of the flow distribution plate 63 is of a parabolic structure, so that the heating medium in the preheating unit 6 is divided into two parts, the coal powder conveying pipeline 4 in the preheating unit 6 is ensured not to have heating dead angles, the guide plate 61 and the flow distribution plate 63 are fixedly connected with the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4 through a reinforcing plate 65.
And a temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the coal powder conveying pipeline 4.
And an expansion joint 9 is arranged in the middle of the preheater body 1 corresponding to the preheating unit 6 and is used for compensating the deformation after heating.
The thermal insulation layer 5 is a fiber module.
The compensator 7 is a waveform compensator.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the flowing direction of the high-temperature medium is opposite to the flowing direction of the coal powder in the coal powder conveying pipeline 4, the temperature of the coal powder is increased step by step, meanwhile, the preheating units 6 are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals, the detention time of the high-temperature medium in the preheater body 1 is prolonged, and the flow distribution plate 63 is arranged to prevent the high-temperature medium from being short-circuited when the high-temperature medium is changed in direction.
And a temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4, so that the system temperature parameters in the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4 can be monitored in real time.
The invention reduces the volume of the preheater body 1 and saves energy. And a guide plate 61 is arranged on the preheating unit 6, so that the gas distribution is more uniform.
According to the invention, the thermal insulation layer 5 adopts the thermal insulation and heat preservation fiber module 19, the thermal efficiency is improved by 27%, and the deformation of the preheating unit 6 after heating is compensated through the expansion joint 9.
The material of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4 is wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant alloy, so that the service life of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline 4 is longer.
Specifically, waste flue gas of the high-temperature hot blast stove enters through a heat medium inlet 5 after being heated, the heat of the flue gas is directly transferred to coal powder in a coal powder conveying pipeline 4 through heat exchange in the flowing process of a preheating unit 6, and the flue gas is discharged from a heating medium outlet 3 and then enters a coal pulverizer to dry the coal powder. The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas is opposite to the conveying direction of the pulverized coal, so that the temperature of the pulverized coal can be ensured to be increased step by step.
The pulverized coal conveying device adopts a multi-pipeline turbulent flow heat exchange device. Therefore, the heating speed of the pulverized coal can be faster, the effect can be better, and the combustion efficiency of the pulverized coal can be further improved.
The invention integrates the flow of diversion, heat transfer, heat insulation of the gas at the heat source end and the flow of heat transfer and conveying of the coal powder at the heat absorption end into a whole body, the volume is 30 percent smaller than that of the prior art, the heating temperature can be improved by 50-80 ℃, and the thermal efficiency is increased by 27 percent.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The integrated blast furnace coal powder injection preheater is characterized by comprising a preheater body (1) and coal powder conveying pipelines (4), wherein the preheater body (1) is of a tubular structure with two closed ends, a heating medium inlet (2) is formed in one end side face of the preheater body (1), a heating medium outlet (3) is formed in the other end side face of the preheater body (1), at least one coal powder conveying pipeline (4) transversely penetrates through two ends of the preheater body (1), a heat insulation layer (5) is arranged on the side wall in a cavity of the preheater body (1) in a matching manner, a plurality of preheating units (6) are sequentially arranged between the heat insulation layer (5) and the coal powder conveying pipelines (4) at equal intervals, and the adjacent preheating units (6) are alternately distributed up and down so that the heating medium advances along the wave shape of the inner cavity of the preheater body (1), the preheating unit (6) connected with the end part of the preheater body (1) is connected to the inner side of the end part of the preheater body (1) through a compensator (7) and is used for matching the deformation of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline (4);
the preheating unit (6) has the structure that: the preheating device comprises a guide plate (61), a support sleeve (62), a splitter plate (63) and a support plate (64), wherein the support plate (64) is tightly attached to the inner side of a heat insulation layer (5) and transversely arranged in a preheater body (1), the support sleeve (62) is sleeved on a pulverized coal conveying pipeline (4), the inner diameter of the support sleeve (62) is larger than the outer diameter of the pulverized coal conveying pipeline (4), the guide plate (61) is arranged on one side of the horizontal central plane of the support sleeve (62), the splitter plate (63) is arranged on the other side of the horizontal central plane of the support sleeve (62), the guide plate (61) is vertically arranged with the axial direction of the preheater body (1) to force a heating medium to change the flowing direction, the cross section of the splitter plate (63) is of a parabolic structure, the heating medium in a preheating unit (6) is divided into two parts, and the pulverized coal conveying pipeline (4) in the preheating unit (6) is ensured not to have heating dead angles, the guide plate (61) and the flow distribution plate (63) are fixedly connected with the pulverized coal conveying pipeline (4) through a reinforcing plate (65).
2. The integrated pulverized coal injection preheater of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (8) is provided in the pulverized coal conveying pipe (4).
3. The integrated pulverized coal injection preheater of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expansion joint (9) is provided at the middle part of the preheater body (1) corresponding to the preheating unit (6).
4. The integrated pulverized coal injection preheater of claim 1, wherein the heat insulating layer (5) is a fiber module.
5. The integrated pulverized coal injection preheater of claim 1, wherein the compensator (7) is a wave compensator.
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| CN201710861098.3A CN107447066B (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | Integrated blast furnace pulverized coal injection preheater |
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| CN112762742A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-07 | 河北三石节能环保科技有限公司 | Integral heater of blast furnace coal powder |
| CN112813211A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-05-18 | 长治市方圣喷吹技术有限公司 | High-efficient buggy preheating device |
| CN115948626A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-04-11 | 河北三石节能环保科技有限公司 | Blast furnace coal injection thermal compensation device |
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| DE102007004221A1 (en) * | 2007-01-27 | 2008-09-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus and method for the thermal conversion of pellets or wood chips |
| CN201158668Y (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-12-03 | 山西潞安矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Multilevel segmented heating transportation pipe for blast furnace coal injection |
| CN100535127C (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-02 | 山西潞安矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Pre-heating technique of blast furnace before blowing coal powder |
| DE102008030161B3 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-07-23 | Zippe Industrieanlagen Gmbh | Heat exchanger for indirect warming of broken glass has suction apertures in partition walls between exhaust gas channels and melt channels |
| JP5881483B2 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2016-03-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Multi-channel equipment |
| CN203904371U (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-10-29 | 长治市方圣喷吹技术有限公司 | Novel multi-level sectional type preheater for blast furnace jetted pulverized coal |
| CN207276638U (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-04-27 | 长治市方圣喷吹技术有限公司 | A kind of integral type pulverized coal injection in blast furnace preheater |
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