CN107443017A - Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头 - Google Patents

Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头 Download PDF

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CN107443017A
CN107443017A CN201710658128.0A CN201710658128A CN107443017A CN 107443017 A CN107443017 A CN 107443017A CN 201710658128 A CN201710658128 A CN 201710658128A CN 107443017 A CN107443017 A CN 107443017A
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pulse laser
welding point
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邵玲
吴素君
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Beihang University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/062Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
    • B23K26/0622Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/21Bonding by welding
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C45/00Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/003Amorphous alloys with one or more of the noble metals as major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18Dissimilar materials

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Abstract

本发明涉及非晶材料、焊接技术领域,提供了Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,属于非晶材料连接技术。本发明采用脉冲激光焊接方法对热塑性成形的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体材料进行对接焊,焊接的条件包括:激光功率为750‑1125W,光斑直径为0.1‑1.0mm,出光频率为1‑20Hz,焊接速度是15‑25mm·min‑1,占空比为5‑10%。上述热塑性成形的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法获得完全非晶态的焊接接头,且焊接接头的强度高韧性好。

Description

Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶 焊接接头
技术领域
本发明属于非晶材料连接技术,涉及非晶材料、焊接技术领域,具体涉及Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头。
背景技术
非晶合金因具有高的强度、硬度、韧性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、优良的软磁性和超导性等方面的特性,在电子、机械、化工等领域都得到了广泛应用。虽然非晶合金具有所述的优良特点,但存在难加工、难焊接的缺点,从而大大限制了其应用范围。非晶合金焊接的技术难点在于:非晶合金属于亚稳态材料,在外界高温影响下容易向更稳定的晶态发生转变,因此在非晶合金焊接时温度不宜过高,且焊接速度要快以免过热导致非晶转化为晶体。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对不容易获得完全非晶态焊接接头,结合脉冲激光焊接技术具有功率密度高、焊缝窄、冷却速度快和变形小等优点,而提供Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,确定了焊接工艺参数,测试了焊接接头的非晶性、热和力学性能。
本发明Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于,所述的 Pd基非晶合金块体是Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金热塑性成形试样。
本发明的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、试样的制备:先将选用的纯度为≥99.95%的Pd、Cu、Ni和P的原材料在高真空熔炼炉中在高纯氩气的条件下熔炼且翻转4-5次再吸铸到铜模中吸铸的同时采用水冷;将吸铸好的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金圆棒采用热塑性成形技术压成0.5-1.2mm厚的薄片。
步骤二、焊前准备阶段:将热塑性成形的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体的表面用砂纸打磨,去除表面氧化层和污渍,然后采用丙酮和无水乙醇清洗、吹干。
步骤三、装配夹持阶段:根据采用的非晶合金材料薄、焊后易变形、需快冷及其它因素,采用纯铜材料的焊接夹具;采用一端夹紧,另一端压平的方式,即在Pd基非晶合金薄片的焊接位置两端加入压片,同时必须保持压平;
步骤四、脉冲激光焊接阶段:采用最大功率为1500W的脉冲激光进行焊接,优化焊接工艺参数获得完全非晶态焊接接头。
本发明中热塑性成形Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体试样的制备,其特征在于,目的是为了去除铸件中的气孔。进行热塑性成形时温度控制在玻璃转化温度Tg=305℃到结晶温度Tx=384℃之间。
本发明的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于:步骤四中脉冲激光焊接参数包括激光功率为750-1125W,光斑直径为0.1-1.0mm,出光频率为5-15Hz,焊接速度是15-25mm min-1,占空比为5-10%。
本发明提供的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,通过对焊接条件包括激光功率、光斑直径、出光频率、焊接速度和占空比进行适当控制,使得通过本发明的焊接方法获得了完全非晶态的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头,且焊接接头的强度高韧性好。
附图说明
附图1为Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头中不同区域的X射线衍射图谱。
附图2为Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头中不同区域的差示扫描量热法热分析图。
附图3为Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头的纳米压痕测试结果。
附图4为Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头和母材的弯曲断裂表面形貌。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,Pd基非晶合金块体的组成为Pd43Cu27Ni10P20(at.%)。
本实施例完全非晶态焊接接头的制备过程如下:
步骤一、先将选用的纯度为≥99.95%的Pd、Cu、Ni和P的原材料在高真空熔炼炉中在高纯氩气的条件下熔炼且翻转4次再吸铸到铜模中吸铸的同时采用水冷;将吸铸好的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金圆棒在345 ℃恒温下施加压力进行热塑性成形技术,将圆棒压成1mm厚的薄片,目的是为了去除铸件中的气孔。
步骤二、将热塑性成形的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体的表面用砂纸打磨,去除表面氧化层和污渍,然后采用丙酮和无水乙醇清洗、吹干。
步骤三、根据采用的非晶合金材料薄、焊后易变形、需快冷及其它因素,采用纯铜材料的焊接夹具;采用一端夹紧,另一端压平的方式,即在Pd基非晶合金薄片的焊接位置两端加入压片,同时必须保持压平;
步骤四、将脉冲激光的功率调为1050W,光斑直径为1.0mm,出光频率为10Hz,焊接速度是10mm min-1和占空比为7%进行焊接,获得完全非晶态焊接接头。
Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头的非晶性、热和力学性能分析如下:
X射线衍射(XRD)结果:将焊接接头表面依次用120#、320#、600#、1200#和2500#的金相砂纸仔细研磨,利用线切割机将焊接接头按不同区域(熔合区、热影响区和母材)切开。使用X射线衍射仪 (Rigaku SmartLab,采用Cu Kα射线)对焊接接头中不同区域进行非晶性分析,扫描步长为0.02°,扫描速度为3°min-1,扫描角度2θ的范围从20°到90°。测试结果(图1)显示焊接接头中的熔合区和热影响区是非晶。
差示扫描量热法(DSC)结果:采用差示扫描量热分析仪(Perkin Elmer,DiamondDSC)对焊接接头中的不同区域进行热分析,加热速率为20℃min-1,测试结果如图2所示。从图2可见熔合区和热影响区的 Tg、Tx和ΔH基本上与母材的Tg、Tx和ΔH相同。
纳米压痕测试结果:将焊接接头表面依次用120#、320#、600#、1200#和2500#的金相砂纸仔细研磨,最后采用1μm的金刚石悬浮液在金丝绒抛光布上抛光后获得像镜子一样光亮的试样表面。再采用带Berkovich尖头的纳米压痕测试仪(MTS)从焊缝中间位置处开始沿着垂直于焊缝的方向对焊接接头进行不同区域的纳米压痕测试,测试结果如图3所示。熔合区、热影响区和母材的弹性能量与总能量的比率是基本相同的,且模量和硬度没有显示出明显的不同。表明熔合区和热影响区的机械性能与母材的机械性能相当。
弯曲测试结果:将弯曲试样制成长度为6mm,宽度为0.6mm和厚度为1mm的棒状试样,在室温下采用不同半径的弯曲圆心轴进行测试。失效应变用ε=h/2R公式进行计算,,其中R是弯曲试样的中心轴半径,h是试样的厚度。Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头和母材都显示了明显的弯曲韧性,且对这两种1mm厚试样的失效弯曲应变大约为7.5%。采用光学显微镜(OM)对弯曲试样的形貌进行观察,结果如图4所示。在母材试样的整个断裂表面边缘观察到人字形剪切带(图4a),这是韧性断裂的表征。焊接接头试样的断裂位置坐落在焊缝中心(图4b)。焊接接头和母材的弯曲断裂表面上剪切带间距大约各自为 25μm和60μm。这确定了Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头拥有高的韧性。

Claims (6)

1.Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于,所述的Pd基非晶合金块体是Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金热塑性成形试样。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、试样的制备:先将选用的纯度为≥99.99%的Pd、Cu、Ni和P的原材料在高真空熔炼炉中在高纯氩气的条件下熔炼且翻转4-5次再吸铸到铜模中吸铸的同时采用水冷;将吸铸好的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金圆棒采用热塑性成形技术压成0.5-1.2mm厚的薄片。
步骤二、焊前准备阶段:将热塑性成形的Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体的表面用砂纸打磨,去除表面氧化层和污渍,然后采用丙酮和无水乙醇清洗、吹干。
步骤三、装配夹持阶段:根据采用的非晶合金材料薄、焊后易变形、需快冷及其它因素,采用纯铜材料的焊接夹具;采用一端夹紧,另一端压平的方式,即在Pd基非晶合金薄片的焊接位置两端加入压片,同时必须保持压平;
步骤四、脉冲激光焊接阶段:采用最大功率为1500W的脉冲激光进行焊接,优化焊接工艺参数获得完全非晶态焊接接头。
3.如权利要求2所述的热塑性成形Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体试样的制备,其特征在于,目的是为了去除铸件中的气孔。进行热塑性成形时温度控制在玻璃转化温度Tg=305℃到结晶温度Tx=384℃之间。
4.根据权利要求2所述的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于:步骤四中脉冲激光焊接参数为激光功率为750-1125W,光斑直径为0.1-1.0mm,出光频率为5-15Hz,焊接速度是15-25mm min-1,占空比为5-10%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于:步骤四中焊接接头形式为对接。
6.根据权利要求2所述的Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头,其特征在于:所得Pd43Cu27Ni10P20非晶合金块体对接接头为完全非晶态。
CN201710658128.0A 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Pd基非晶合金块体的脉冲激光焊接方法及用其方法获得非晶焊接接头 Pending CN107443017A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109881028A (zh) * 2019-04-11 2019-06-14 福建工程学院 一种耐磨非晶合金体系及其应用
CN110238523A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-17 广东省焊接技术研究所(广东省中乌研究院) 一种非晶合金、其激光焊接方法以及焊接辅助装置
CN111230298A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2020-06-05 中国科学院物理研究所 纳秒激光的应用以及非晶合金材料的焊接方法

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CN102191401A (zh) * 2011-04-08 2011-09-21 南昌大学 非晶增强铜基复合材料的制备方法
CN105364314A (zh) * 2015-09-15 2016-03-02 南昌航空大学 一种对于FeSiB非晶带材获得非晶接头的焊接方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102191401A (zh) * 2011-04-08 2011-09-21 南昌大学 非晶增强铜基复合材料的制备方法
CN105364314A (zh) * 2015-09-15 2016-03-02 南昌航空大学 一种对于FeSiB非晶带材获得非晶接头的焊接方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109881028A (zh) * 2019-04-11 2019-06-14 福建工程学院 一种耐磨非晶合金体系及其应用
CN110238523A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-17 广东省焊接技术研究所(广东省中乌研究院) 一种非晶合金、其激光焊接方法以及焊接辅助装置
CN111230298A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2020-06-05 中国科学院物理研究所 纳秒激光的应用以及非晶合金材料的焊接方法

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