CN107421877B - Simulate the concrete durability experiment apparatus and method of stray electrical current and tunnel air environment - Google Patents
Simulate the concrete durability experiment apparatus and method of stray electrical current and tunnel air environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete durability experiment apparatus and method for simulating stray electrical current and tunnel air environment, the experimental rig includes liquid environment room, gaseous environment room, test electrode pair, gaseous state sensor, gaseous environment adjusts unit and controller, wherein, gaseous environment room is set to above liquid environment room, corresponding position is equipped with the opening for just installing concrete test block between the two, test(ing) liquid is housed in liquid environment room, gaseous state sensor and gas ambient conditioning unit are mounted in gaseous environment room, and it is connect with controller, test electrode is to being respectively placed in liquid environment room and concrete test block top, and it is connected on controller by conducting wire.Compared with prior art, the present invention can be in simulation concrete with the presence of stray electrical current, and the air environments such as the wind speed by tunnel complexity, temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel the case where acting on, each parameter can separately adjustable, coordinative role, the authenticity of environmental simulation is strong etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete durability experiment apparatus and method, more particularly, to a kind of simulation stray electrical current with
The concrete durability experiment apparatus and method of tunnel air environment.
Background technique
When thering is train to pass through in subway tunnel, easily generate stray electrical current leakage: electric current not from rail return current, but
It is leaked in railway roadbed concrete from rail, and is revealed by tunnel lining concrete into the soil body or underground water.And subway tunnel
In concrete service environment it is more special: concrete side is contacted with underground water or the aqueous soil body, erosion carbon dioxide therein
(sulfate ion, chloride ion, magnesium ion) is the generation of stray electrical current, the ion erosion of concrete provides primary condition；Coagulation
The native other side is contacted with tunnel internal air, the wind speed hair when the temperature of air, humidity, gas concentration lwevel and train pass through
When changing, certain destruction can be generated to concrete, or play and add to the formation of stray electrical current and the erosion of concrete
Fastoperation.Under so complicated gaseous environment, concrete durability failure mechanism has certain particularity, if with traditional
Durability test method is tested, it is difficult to be obtained true and reliable test result, may be buried certain peace for engineer application
Full hidden danger.
There are two main classes for traditional stray electrical current simulation test device: distribution of the one kind for simulation stray electrical current in the soil
The device of situation, the another kind of device that the corrosion situations of metal materials such as lower pipeline are acted on for simulation stray electrical current.These two types dress
It sets and only considered electric current and two kinds of conditions of soil environment in the design process, do not consider the simulation of complicated air environment in tunnel
Method.Meanwhile the equipment such as existing constant temperature and humidity machine, carbonization case, one or two kinds of air parameters can only be controlled, it can not
The simulation for realizing complex parameters, it is even more impossible to simulate tunnel stray electrical current, concrete the unilateral side actual environments such as near water.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of simulation stray electrical currents
With the concrete durability experiment apparatus and method of tunnel air environment.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of concrete durability experiment device for simulating stray electrical current and tunnel air environment, including liquid environment room,
Gaseous environment room, test electrode to, gaseous state sensor, gaseous environment adjust unit and controller, wherein the Ring
Border room is set to above liquid environment room, and corresponding position is equipped with the opening for just installing concrete test block between the two, and makes
When test, the lower part of concrete test block is placed in liquid environment room, and top is in gaseous environment room, in the liquid environment room
Equipped with test(ing) liquid, the gaseous state sensor and gas ambient conditioning unit are mounted in gaseous environment room, and with institute
Controller connection is stated, one of them of the test electrode pair is placed in liquid environment room, another is embedded into concrete examination
Block protrudes into the top of gaseous environment room, and the test electrode by conducting wire to being also connected on controller respectively.
As preferred embodiment, it includes being mounted in gaseous environment chamber interior walls that the gaseous environment, which adjusts unit,
Air inlet, cool-down dehumidification machine, fan, resistance wire and humidifier, and it is used for the indoor testing gas concentration of regulating gas environment, wind
Fast environment and temperature and humidity, the air inlet also pass through the external gas cylinder equipped with test gas of pipeline connection.In the present invention, test
Gas is mainly carbon dioxide, in each regulating member, general filling arbon dioxide gas in gas cylinder, in regulating gas environmental chamber
Gas concentration lwevel, also can according to need fill other gases；Cool-down dehumidification machine (compressor) is divided into interior machine and outer machine, can
To realize two kinds of cooling, dehumidifying functions to gaseous environment room；Gaseous environment room temperature can be improved in resistance wire；Humidifier can be with
Improve the indoor humidity of gaseous environment；Fan can apply different wind speed to 24 surface of concrete test block.
As preferred embodiment, the centre of the concrete test block be cased with make upper part and lower part respectively with gas
The sealing ring of environmental chamber and the sealing of liquid environment room.
As above-mentioned preferred embodiment it is further preferred that using tight between the liquid environment room and gas environmental chamber
Fixing bolt tightens fixation, and guarantees that sealing is realized in sealing ring compressive deformation.
As preferred embodiment, the side wall upper part of the liquid environment room is also equipped with liquid level observation window.
As preferred embodiment, the liquid environment room upper end is additionally provided with vent valve, in liquid environment indoor
Barometric pressure switch is also equipped on wall, the barometric pressure switch also feedback link controls the vent valve.Barometric pressure switch can be surveyed
Air pressure in test solution body environmental chamber, and automatically control vent valve when air pressure is excessively high and deflate, also it is manually operable vent valve progress
It deflates, prevents the gas generated in stray electrical current simulation process from keeping liquid environment room pressure excessively high, generate security risk；Liquid level
Observation window is made of transparent materials such as organic glasses, the liquid level in observable liquid environment room portion.
As preferred embodiment, the liquid environment indoor location has height-adjustable bracket, the coagulation
Native test block adjusts height in liquid environment room, and through bracket by Stent Implantation, and then adjusts concrete test block and be in liquid
Dimension scale in body environmental chamber and gas environmental chamber.
As above-mentioned preferred embodiment it is further preferred that the bracket and liquid environment room is using corrosion-resistant and exhausted
The plastic material of edge, or the metal material by erosion resisting insulation processing.
Using the test method of simulation stray electrical current and the concrete durability experiment device of tunnel air environment, including with
Lower step:
(a) it according to required size formation of concrete test block, and will test in the preparatory Transducers Embedded in Concrete test block of electrode；
(b) test(ing) liquid is added into liquid environment room, then sealing loading is mixed in liquid environment room and gas environmental chamber
Solidifying soil test block, it is fixed；
It (c) will include parameter setting needed for the test of electric current, wind speed, temperature, humidity and testing gas concentration in controller
On, start and start to test, collects the durability data of concrete test block.
Gaseous state sensor of the invention can monitor temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel of gaseous environment chamber interior etc.
Index, and reflect on the controller；Air parameter needed for controller can input test, and pass through control fan, gas cylinder, pressure
Contract the working condition of mechanical, electrical resistance silk, humidifier, makes in gaseous environment room each parameter area in wind speed 0-20 meter per second, temperature 0-
100 DEG C, humidity 10-100%, a certain specified lower steady operation within the scope of gas concentration lwevel 0.03-100%, or in control
State parameter unidirectional or cyclically-varying in respective range.Controller can also control the different electric current way of outputs, and simulation is not
The stray electrical current of the forms such as same voltage strength, size of current and direction, current forms direct current or alternating current.
Test electrode of the invention, to study the durability of concrete substrate, is also possible to graphite electrode can be used
Reinforcing bar electrode, to study the corrosion of reinforcing bar and the durability of reinforced concrete structure.
Experimental rig of the invention can simulate different stray electrical current forms simultaneously, and temperature, humidity, wind speed, carbon dioxide are dense
The air environments such as degree, the complex environment feature of concrete unilateral side near water, parameters can separately adjustable, Collaboration, it is especially suitable
For the concrete durability simulation test under the like environments such as subway tunnel.The device is easy to use, stable, can be long-term
It is coherent to use, and the concertedness between each parameter module is good, high degree of automation, and operation bidirectional is not necessarily in operational process, saves
Human cost.
Compared with prior art, the concrete durability of simulation stray electrical current and tunnel air environment proposed by the present invention tries
Experiment device, can simulate simultaneously stray electrical current presence, tunnel internal different temperatures, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, wind speed air
Environment, the complicated environmental conditions collective effect such as concrete one-side contact underground water is in the process of concrete.Wherein, stray electrical current is big
The parameters such as small, direction, form, the parameters such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, wind speed can be separately adjustable in air environment,
And can be realized and be acted synergistically according to the needs of simulated environment, the long-time simulation of a single state both may be implemented, also may be implemented
The periodical simulation of complex state.Device is easy to use, multiple functional, and test result is reliable, has good promotion prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of experimental rig of the invention；
In figure, 1 is liquid environment room, and 2 be the first test electrode, and 3 be the second test electrode, and 4 be bracket, and 5-7 is conducting wire,
8 be sealing-plug, and 9 be liquid level observation window, and 10 be vent valve, and 11 be barometric pressure switch, and 12 be sealing ring, and 13 be fastening bolt, 14
It is environmental chamber operation lid for gaseous environment room, 15,16 be fan, and 17 be gas cylinder, and 18 be air inlet, and 19 be compressor, and 20 be electricity
Silk is hindered, 21 be humidifier, and 22 be gaseous state sensor, and 23 be controller, and 24 be concrete test block, and 25 be pipeline, and 26 be examination
Test liquid.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is a kind of simulate stray electrical current and tunnel air environment concrete durability experiment device, structure as shown in Figure 1,
Including liquid environment room 1, gaseous environment room 14, test electrode to, gaseous state sensor 22, gaseous environment adjust unit and control
Device 23 processed.
Gaseous environment room 14 is set to 1 top of liquid environment room, and corresponding position, which is equipped with, between the two just installs concrete
The opening of test block 24, and when making test, the lower part of concrete test block 24 is placed in liquid environment room 1 by bracket 4, at top
In gaseous environment room 14, liquid environment room 1 is provided with test(ing) liquid 26, the centre of concrete test block 24 be cased with make upper part and
The sealing ring 12 that lower part is sealed with gaseous environment room 14 and liquid environment room 1 respectively, when concrete test block 24 is packed into liquid environment
When in room 1 and gas environmental chamber 14, fixed liquid environmental chamber 1 and gas environmental chamber 14 are tightened by fastening bolt 13, so that close
12 compressive deformation of seal, and then realize concrete test block 24 in the sealing of opening.Bracket 4 is installed in liquid environment room 1, is mixed
Solidifying soil test block 24 is placed in liquid environment room 1 by bracket 4, and adjusts height by bracket 4, and then adjust concrete test block
24 dimension scale in liquid environment room 1 and gas environmental chamber 14.14 top of gaseous environment room is additionally provided with environmental chamber operation
Lid 15.
Gaseous state sensor 22 and gas ambient conditioning unit are mounted in gaseous environment room 14, and are connected with controller 23
It connects, wherein gaseous state sensor 22 is connect by conducting wire 7 with controller 23, and it includes being mounted on gas that gaseous environment, which adjusts unit,
Air inlet 18, cool-down dehumidification machine, fan 16, resistance wire 20 and humidifier 21 on 14 inner wall of body environmental chamber, and for adjusting gas
Testing gas concentration, wind speed environments and temperature and humidity in body environmental chamber 14, air inlet 18 also connect external dress by pipeline 25
There is the gas cylinder 17 of test gas.In the present invention, test gas is mainly carbon dioxide, general in gas cylinder 17 in each regulating member
Filling arbon dioxide gas also can according to need with the gas concentration lwevel in regulating gas environmental chamber 14 and be filled other gas
Body；Cool-down dehumidification machine (compressor 19) is divided into interior machine and outer machine, and two kinds of cooling, dehumidifying function can be realized to gaseous environment room 14
Energy；Temperature in gaseous environment room 14 can be improved in resistance wire 20；The humidity in gaseous environment room 14 can be improved in humidifier 21；Wind
Fan 16 can apply different wind speed to 24 surface of concrete test block.
One of them (the i.e. first test electrode 2) for testing electrode pair is placed in liquid environment room 1, and (second surveys for another
Examination electrode 3) it is embedded into the top that concrete test block 24 protrudes into gaseous environment room 14, test electrode is to also respectively by conducting wire 5,6
It is connected on controller 23.Wherein, the first test electrode 2 is passed through the sealing-plug 8 of 1 bottom of liquid environment room by conducting wire, and is connected
Controller 23.
The side wall upper part of liquid environment room 1 is also equipped with liquid level observation window 9.1 upper end of liquid environment room is additionally provided with vent valve
10, barometric pressure switch 11 is also equipped on 1 inner sidewall of liquid environment room, barometric pressure switch 11 goes back feedback link control vent valve
10.Barometric pressure switch 11 can test the air pressure in liquid environmental chamber 1, and automatically control vent valve 10 when air pressure is excessively high and deflate,
Also it is manually operable vent valve 10 to deflate, prevents the gas generated in stray electrical current simulation process from making in liquid environment room 1
Air pressure is excessively high, generates security risk；Liquid level observation window 99 is made of transparent materials such as organic glasses, observable liquid environment room 1
The liquid level in portion.
Bracket 4 and liquid environment room 1 are to use corrosion-resistant and insulation plastic material, or handle by erosion resisting insulation
Metal material.
Embodiment 1
C30 concrete test block 24 is formed according to the match ratio of table 1, is embedded to the light round steel of diameter 10mm when molding in test block
Muscle is as test electrode.At 20 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, humidity conserves in the fog room greater than 95% to 60 the concrete test block 24 of forming
Its age.
1 concrete test block 24 of table forms match ratio (unit: kg/m3Concrete)
| 42.5 cement of PO | II grades of flyash | Water | Middle sand | Rubble |
| 220 | 90 | 180 | 690 | 1260 |
4 height of bracket is adjusted, making concrete test block 24 just has half in liquid environment room 1, and half is in gaseous environment
In room 14.Appropriate prepared 3% sodium chloride solution in advance is injected into liquid environment room 1, and concrete test block 24 is placed on branch
On frame 4, guarantee that the solution inside liquid environment room 1 is almost filled it up with.By 12 sets of sealing ring on concrete test block 24, and by gas
Environmental chamber 14 (14 operation lid of gaseous environment room stays open to operate) is put well, is tightened fastening bolt 13, is made liquid environment room
1,14 leakproofness of gaseous environment room is good, finally closes 14 operation lid of gaseous environment room.
Following parameter is arranged on controller 23: left side binding post is anode, and right side binding post is cathode, and direct current is defeated
Out, constant voltage 20V；Constant wind speed is 15 meter per seconds；Constant temperature is 50 DEG C, moisture constant 20%；Gas concentration lwevel not into
Row control (remaining the carbon dioxide concentration in air).Startup power supply starts simulation test.
Embodiment 2:
According to the operating method of embodiment 1, change electric current, wind speed, temperature and humidity, gas concentration lwevel, test(ing) liquid 26 etc.
Condition carries out MN-1 to MN-7 totally seven groups of tests, and simulation test time unification is set as 7 days, and the design parameter of every group of test is set
It sets and is shown in Table 2.
2 simulation test condition of table
After simulation test, using the durability of following several method evaluation concrete test block 24:
Using diffusion depth of the silver nitrate development process test chloride ion in concrete test block 24, operating method are as follows: will try
Block is vertically splitted, and the silver nitrate solution of 0.1mol/L is sprayed on one of them section, and the chlorine of white is observed after 15min
Change silver precipitating and generate position, tests distance of the position apart from 24 lower surface of concrete test block, as chloride diffusion depth.With
The chloride diffusion depth average value of every group of two concrete test blocks 24 is as final testing result.
Using the carbonation depth of potentiometric titration method test concrete, operating method are as follows: try the concrete after above-mentioned split
24 section clast of block is cleaned out, and in drop or sprays the phenolphthalein alcoholic solution that upper concentration is 1%, after 30s, test colour developing position
Set the distance apart from 24 upper surface of concrete test block, as concrete carbonization depth.With the chlorine of every group of two concrete test blocks 24
Ion diffusion depth average value is as final testing result.
It is flat with the test result of every group of two test blocks using the compression strength of concrete crushing strength testing machine test test block
Mean value does not carry out 24 intensity of concrete test block of simulation test divided by one group, obtains concrete test block 24 as compression strength value
Intensity index after simulation test.
The test result of each group test is shown in Table 3.
3 concrete test block of table, 24 durability test result
| Test number | Chloride diffusion depth (mm) | Carbonation depth (mm) | Intensity index (%) |
| MN-1 | 42 | <2 | 98.4 |
| MN-2 | 9 | <2 | 99.0 |
| MN-3 | 35 | <2 | 97.4 |
| MN-4 | 43 | 13 | 100.5 |
| MN-5 | 26 | <2 | 85.7 |
| MN-6 | 8 | <2 | 95.1 |
| MN-7 | 24 | <2 | 89.1 |
It can be seen that test(ing) liquid 26, gas from the chloride diffusion depth and intensity index test result of each group of table 3
Evaporation conditions (mainly including wind speed, temperature, humidity), electric current in environmental chamber 14 can all influence erosion carbon dioxide into concrete
The transmission in portion influences the durability of concrete.Meanwhile gas concentration lwevel can also significantly affect the carbonation depth of concrete.
It can also be obtained from test result, independent adjusting can be achieved in each test parameters that the present apparatus is controlled,
It will not generate and significantly influence each other, will not influence the normal operation of experimental rig, it being capable of simulated implementation stray electrical current well
With the simulation of concrete durability under tunnel air environment.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of concrete durability experiment device for simulating stray electrical current and tunnel air environment, which is characterized in that including liquid
Body environmental chamber (1), gaseous environment room (14), test electrode to, gaseous state sensor (22), gaseous environment adjust unit and control
Device (23) processed, wherein the gaseous environment room (14) is set to above liquid environment room (1), and corresponding position is equipped between the two
When just installing the opening of concrete test block (24), and making test, the lower part of concrete test block (24) is placed in liquid environment room
(1) in, top is in gaseous environment room (14), and the liquid environment room (1) is provided with test(ing) liquid (26), the gas
State sensor (22) and gas ambient conditioning unit are mounted in gaseous environment room (14), and even with the controller (23)
It connects, one of them of the test electrode pair is placed in liquid environment room (1), another is embedded into concrete test block (24) and stretches
Enter the top of gaseous environment room (14), the test electrode by conducting wire to being also connected on controller (23) respectively；
The centre of the concrete test block (24) be cased with make upper part and lower part respectively with gaseous environment room (14) and Breakup of Liquid Ring
The sealing ring (12) of border room (1) sealing；
Fixation is tightened using fastening bolt (13) between the liquid environment room (1) and gas environmental chamber (14), and is guaranteed close
Sealing is realized in seal (12) compressive deformation；
Described liquid environment room (1) upper end is additionally provided with vent valve (10), is also equipped with gas on liquid environment room (1) inner sidewall
Potential relay (11), the barometric pressure switch (11) go back feedback link and control the vent valve (10)；
It is equipped with height-adjustable bracket (4) in the liquid environment room (1), the concrete test block (24) passes through bracket
(4) it is placed in liquid environment room (1), and adjusts height by bracket (4), and then adjust concrete test block (24) and be in liquid
Dimension scale in environmental chamber (1) and gas environmental chamber (14).
2. the concrete durability experiment of a kind of simulation stray electrical current according to claim 1 and tunnel air environment fills
It sets, which is characterized in that it includes the air inlet being mounted on gaseous environment room (14) inner wall that the gaseous environment, which adjusts unit,
(18), cool-down dehumidification machine, fan (16), resistance wire (20) and humidifier (21), and in regulating gas environmental chamber (14)
Testing gas concentration, wind speed environments and temperature and humidity, the air inlet (18) are also external equipped with test by pipeline (25) connection
The gas cylinder (17) of gas.
3. the concrete durability experiment of a kind of simulation stray electrical current according to claim 1 and tunnel air environment fills
It sets, which is characterized in that the side wall upper part of the liquid environment room (1) is also equipped with liquid level observation window (9).
4. the concrete durability experiment of a kind of simulation stray electrical current according to claim 1 and tunnel air environment fills
It sets, which is characterized in that the bracket (4) and liquid environment room (1) is using corrosion-resistant and insulation plastic material, or process
The metal material of erosion resisting insulation processing.
5. using the concrete durability experiment of simulation stray electrical current and tunnel air environment as described in claim 1-4 is any
The test method of device, which comprises the following steps:
(a) it according to required size formation of concrete test block (24), and will test in the preparatory Transducers Embedded in Concrete test block (24) of electrode；
(b) test(ing) liquid (26) are added in liquid environment room (1), then in liquid environment room (1) and gas environmental chamber (14)
Sealing is packed into concrete test block (24), fixed；
It (c) will include parameter setting needed for the test of electric current, wind speed, temperature, humidity and testing gas concentration in controller (23)
On, start and start to test, collects the durability data of concrete test block (24).
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| CN201710551440.XA CN107421877B (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2017-07-07 | Simulate the concrete durability experiment apparatus and method of stray electrical current and tunnel air environment |
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| CN109211761B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-01-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Test device and method for simulating influence of subway stray current on concrete durability |
| CN109406376B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2023-12-12 | 国网浙江象山县供电有限公司 | Humiture self-adaptation cable ageing test device |
| CN109855962B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-12-29 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Underground concrete stray current and cyclic impact load test system and test method |
| CN111458249A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 上海城建物资有限公司 | Method for rapidly evaluating grindability of concrete |
| CN109655398B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2023-11-10 | 长安大学 | Device for testing corrosion of conductive concrete steel bridge deck and measuring method |
| CN110514530A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 安徽普瑞明精密机械有限公司 | A kind of casting iron well lid bearing capacity change rate monitoring method |
| CN113310826B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-12-05 | 中南大学 | Experimental device and method for testing diffusion degree of chloride ions in concrete |
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