CN107416975B - Anaerobic bioreactor and sewage treatment device using same - Google Patents
Anaerobic bioreactor and sewage treatment device using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN107416975B CN107416975B CN201710437202.6A CN201710437202A CN107416975B CN 107416975 B CN107416975 B CN 107416975B CN 201710437202 A CN201710437202 A CN 201710437202A CN 107416975 B CN107416975 B CN 107416975B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/284—Anaerobic digestion processes using anaerobic baffled reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an anaerobic bioreactor and a sewage treatment device using the same. The anaerobic bioreactor provided by the invention comprises a unit module A and a unit module B which are sequentially and alternately connected in series; a plurality of guide plates A are arranged in the unit module A, and divide the unit module A into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area; a plurality of guide plates B are arranged in the unit module B, and divide the unit module B into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area. The sewage treatment device comprises the anaerobic bioreactor. The invention has small occupied area, low cost, short hydraulic retention time and high treatment efficiency, saves investment, and realizes the equipment, standardization and complete set of devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an anaerobic bioreactor and a sewage treatment device using the same.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the economy in China, the waste water amount generated in industrial production and resident life is also rapidly increased, the problem of water waste pollution is increasingly prominent, and the treatment of industrial waste water and urban domestic sewage becomes an important task. The anaerobic biological sewage treatment technology utilizes the metabolism and characteristics of anaerobic microorganisms to produce valuable energy source-methane while reducing organic matters under the condition of no need of providing exogenous energy, so that the anaerobic biological sewage treatment technology is one of the important ways for economically and effectively solving the problem of organic sewage treatment at present.
Development and research of anaerobic treatment technology and anaerobic reactors in China have been greatly progressed. In the 80 s of the 20 th century, a process for sewage treatment by using an Anaerobic Baffle Reactor (ABR) has been developed and developed, which is a novel anaerobic treatment process and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and management, excellent interception capability on microorganisms, stable and reliable operation and the like. Along with the continuous development and perfection of reactor theory and reaction dynamics theory, the form of baffle plate reactor has changed from original simple push flow type or complete mixed hydraulic flow state to complex mixed flow state bioreactor, which divides the reactor into a plurality of compartments connected in series by installing a plurality of vertical grid plates (or guide plates) in the reactor to make water flow advance in a baffling way; and different flow patterns of low-speed up-flow and rapid down-flow are formed in different compartments, so that the total length of the flow of sewage in the reactor is increased, the effective volume of the reactor is effectively increased, and the reactor has excellent interception capability on microorganisms. The anaerobic baffle plate reactor has the advantages that through structural improvement, most of water flows in the anaerobic baffle plate reactor are in a composite flow state of combining plug flow and complete mixed flow, so that the anaerobic baffle plate reactor has good hydraulic flow state and higher reactor volume utilization rate, and simultaneously has good biological solid interception capability and can prolong the flow path of the water flows in the reactor. The study data shows that the dead volume fraction of baffle reactors is much lower, typically less than 10%, than other types of reactors, which are about 50% to 90%; in addition, the tracer lithium oxide test shows that under the conditions of different sludge concentration and different Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and steady operation, the dead zone volume fraction of the baffle plate reactor has no obvious correlation with the HRT, and the sludge concentration has no great influence on the residence time distribution condition of the tracer in the reactor.
However, the traditional anaerobic baffle plate reactor has the following defects that firstly, the reactor has a complex structure, large occupied area, long construction period, large difficulty and higher capital investment and operation management cost; secondly, steady-state water inflow and uneven water distribution of a single-side continuous flow are adopted, so that local load is easily caused to be too high, and the stability and reliability of the operation of the reactor are affected.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the invention is to provide an anaerobic bioreactor, which reduces the occupied area in a three-dimensional space layout mode, improves the applicable conditions and the treatment efficiency of the reactor, shortens the effective hydraulic retention time of the reactor and reduces the equipment investment.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment apparatus including the anaerobic bioreactor, which can reduce the floor space, save investment, and realize the equipping, standardization and unitization of the apparatus while achieving a smaller hydraulic retention time and a higher treatment efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides an anaerobic bioreactor which comprises a unit module A and a unit module B which are sequentially and alternately connected in series;
a plurality of guide plates A are arranged in the unit module A, the unit module A is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates A, the water inlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module A, the water outlet area is positioned at the middle part of the unit module A, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area;
the device is characterized in that a plurality of guide plates B are arranged in the unit module B, the unit module B is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates B, the water inlet area is positioned in the middle of the unit module B, the water outlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module B, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the unit modules A and B are arranged in an up-down alignment manner;
or the unit modules A and B are arranged in a left-right stepped manner.
As a further preferable technical scheme, a water draining device A is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module A, and a water draining device B is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module B.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the guide plate A and the guide plate B are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the peripheries of the unit modules A and B are provided with reinforcing rib plates;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler fixing bracket;
preferably, the bottoms in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a diversion gallery.
As a further preferable technical scheme, biological island filler carriers are arranged in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler with high specific surface area, and the specific surface area of the filler is more than or equal to 3000m 2 /m 3 ；
Preferably, the filler is an acarid state filler, or a polyurethane filler, or an iron-carbon filler;
preferably, the filler is formed by alternately arranging iron-carbon filler and volcanic rock filter material, ceramsite filter material or zeolite.
As a further preferable technical scheme, each unit module a is provided with an exhaust pipeline a, each unit module B is provided with an exhaust pipeline B, and each exhaust pipeline a and each exhaust pipeline B are collected through a connecting pipeline to form a gas collecting system, and the gas collecting system is connected with a gas collecting tank or directly discharges.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a sewage treatment apparatus comprising the anaerobic bioreactor described above.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the sewage treatment device further comprises a pulse water inlet system and a sedimentation tank, wherein the pulse water inlet system is positioned above the anaerobic bioreactor and is communicated with the water inlet area of the unit module A or the unit module B;
the sedimentation tank is located below the anaerobic bioreactor, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the sedimentation tank, and a sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the sedimentation tank.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the pulse water inlet system adopts an intermittent pulse water pump for water inlet or adopts variable-section double-siphon pulse water inlet;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a low-lift high-flow water pump, and the pulse high-flow periodic water inlet can be generated through the water pump;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a pulse siphon water inlet device, and the pulse siphon water inlet device comprises a pulse siphon water inlet tank and a variable cross-section double siphon pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the anaerobic bioreactor provided by the invention comprises a plurality of unit modules A and unit modules B, wherein the unit modules A and the unit modules B are sequentially and alternately connected in series, namely the unit modules A, the unit modules B, the unit modules A, the unit modules B and the like are sequentially connected in series. The unit module A and the unit module B are more in line with the ideal reactor flow state of partial complete mixing and overall trend plug flow through unique structural design; the space layout three-dimensional reactor form and the optimal reaction flow state are adopted, the volume utilization rate is greatly improved, the occupied area is reduced, the construction period is shortened, the investment is saved, the applicable condition and the treatment efficiency of the anaerobic reactor are improved to the maximum extent, and the effective hydraulic retention time of the reactor is remarkably shortened.
2. According to the structural characteristics of the anaerobic reactor of the standardized unit, the sewage treatment device adopts a structural mode of three-dimensional space layout, meets the design requirements of a biological grading phase-splitting theory, and meets the structural requirements of a high-efficiency bioreactor with partial complete mixing and overall trend of plug flow. Not only overcomes the limit of difficult design and manufacture when the volume of the baffling serial small reactor is too small, but also ensures that the series arrangement of the baffling reactors can reach any optimal theoretical design value. Thereby greatly reducing the occupied area of the device, reducing the investment and the operation management cost, and realizing the equipment, standardization and complete set of the device while obtaining smaller hydraulic retention time and higher treatment efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic bioreactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a unit module a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a unit module a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a unit module B according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a unit module B according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic left view of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-unit module a; 101-a deflector A; 102-drainage device A; 103-exhaust duct a; 200-unit module B; 201-a deflector B; 202-a drainage device B; 203-an exhaust duct B; 300-a gas collection system; 400-reinforcing rib; 500-a filler fixing bracket; 600-pulse water inlet system; 700-a sedimentation tank; 701, a water outlet pipe; 702-a sewage sludge pipe; 800-cover plate; re-reaction zone; an In-water inlet zone; ex-water outlet zone.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides an anaerobic bioreactor, including a unit module a and a unit module B alternately connected in series in sequence; a plurality of guide plates A are arranged in the unit module A, the unit module A is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates A, the water inlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module A, the water outlet area is positioned at the middle part of the unit module A, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area; the device is characterized in that a plurality of guide plates B are arranged in the unit module B, the unit module B is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates B, the water inlet area is positioned in the middle of the unit module B, the water outlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module B, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area.
In the traditional sewage treatment industry, the anaerobic biological treatment tank and the aerobic biological aeration tank are both in a form of a bioreactor, and the structural design, the shape and the arrangement of the anaerobic biological treatment tank and the aerobic biological aeration tank are closely related to factors such as the efficiency, the running stability, the occupied area and the like of the reactor, and the volume, the residence time and the like of the reactor.
In order to overcome the defects of the existing anaerobic bioreactor, according to the advanced reactor theory, the inventor redesigns the structural form and the arrangement mode of a plurality of small-sized serial reactors on the basis of the prior application of being named as a baffled bioreactor and the patent publication number CN 1064305584A, researches and develops the anaerobic bioreactor, adopts a space three-dimensional layout form, and realizes the equipment, standardization and unitization of the anaerobic bioreactor. The reactor not only overcomes the defects of long construction period, high difficulty, high capital construction and operation management cost, large occupied area and the like of the existing reactor, but also has the technical effects of investment saving, short residence time, high treatment efficiency, wide application range and the like.
The anaerobic bioreactor of the embodiment comprises a unit module A and a unit module B which adopt unique structural designs, wherein a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area are respectively arranged in the unit module A and the unit module B, the water inlet area of the unit module A is positioned at two sides of the unit module A, the water outlet area is positioned at the middle part of the unit module A, the water inlet area of the unit module B is positioned at the middle part of the unit module B, and the water outlet area is positioned at two sides of the unit module A. The water inlet area of the unit module A is communicated with the water outlet area of the unit module B, the water inlet area of the unit module B is communicated with the water outlet area of the unit module A, and so on; the unit modules a and B are alternately connected in series in this order, that is, the unit modules a, B, etc. are connected in series in this order. Meanwhile, due to the design of the structural form, the reactor is more in line with the ideal reactor flow state of partial complete mixing and overall trend of plug flow, the applicable conditions and the treatment efficiency of the reactor are improved to the maximum extent, the effective hydraulic retention time of the reactor is obviously shortened, and the equipment investment cost is reduced. Not only overcomes the limit of difficult design and manufacture when the volume of the baffled serial small reactor is too small, but also can lead the series arrangement of the baffled reactor to reach any optimal theoretical design value, such as 20 stages, thereby realizing the equipment, standardization and complete set of anaerobic bioreactors.
It should be noted that, the number of the unit modules a and the number of the unit modules B are equal, each anaerobic bioreactor at least comprises two unit modules a and two unit modules B, and the specific number of the unit modules a and B can be determined according to the practical working conditions and the practical requirements of practical applications.
In some embodiments, the unit modules a and B are installed in an up-down alignment.
In other embodiments, the unit modules a and B are installed in a left and right stepped arrangement.
According to the structural characteristics of the unit module A and the unit module B, the unit module A and the unit module B can be sequentially arranged in an up-down alignment manner to form a tower structure; meanwhile, under the condition of the topography height difference, the reactor can also adopt a planar step arrangement mode, namely, left and right stepped arrangement and installation, and surface earthing greening can realize fusion with the surrounding environment, so that the reactor has wider application conditions and better flexibility.
In an alternative embodiment, a water draining device A is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module A, and a water draining device B is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module B.
In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the guide plate A and the guide plate B.
The drainage device A and the drainage device B can adopt the same structural form, drain pipes are arranged in the drainage device A and the drainage device B, and water flows enter corresponding water inlet areas through the drainage device A or the drainage device B, so that the working efficiency can be improved, and the treatment effect is better.
The baffle A and the baffle B provided by the embodiment are different from the existing common baffle, a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffle A and the baffle B, the through holes are uniformly distributed, and water flow enters the reaction zone from the water inlet zone through the through holes and then enters the water outlet zone from the reaction zone. The arrangement of the guide plate A and the guide plate B is easy to process and manufacture, convenient to install and low in cost, and the water inlet and outlet modes are more in line with the requirements of the efficient bioreactor, so that the residence time is shortened, and the treatment effect is improved.
It should be noted that at least four guide plates a and four guide plates B are disposed in each of the unit modules a and B; taking the unit module A as an example, the unit module A is sequentially provided with a water inlet area, a reaction area, a water outlet area, a reaction area and a water inlet area from left to right through the arrangement of the four guide plates A. In addition, a plurality of guide plates can be arranged in each reaction zone, namely the reaction zone is subdivided into a plurality of small reaction zones or a plurality of reaction compartments.
Each unit module is a small reactor. According to the dynamics analysis, the total volume of the reactors which are formed by connecting n small reactors in a completely mixed flow state in series and integrally belong to a plug flow reactor is correspondingly reduced along with the increase of the serial number of the small reactors and the organic matter removal rate. In practical application, the number of the guide plates and the number of the unit modules (small reactors) connected in series can be determined by comprehensively considering the construction and operation cost and the sewage treatment condition, so as to obtain more obvious environmental and economic benefits.
In an alternative embodiment, the outer circumferences of the unit modules a and B are provided with reinforcing ribs;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler fixing bracket;
preferably, the bottoms in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a diversion gallery.
The arrangement of the reinforcing rib plates outside the unit modules can enable the structure of the reactor to be more stable, firm and reliable; the filler fixing support in the reaction zone can be used for fixing filler and can also strengthen the rigidity of the bottom plate, and has simple structure and reasonable design; the diversion gallery at the bottom in the reaction zone can also be a water distribution gallery, so that diversion effect can be achieved on water flow.
In an alternative embodiment, biological island packing carriers are arranged in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler with high specific surface area, and the specific surface area of the filler is more than or equal to 3000m 2 /m 3 ；
Preferably, the filler is an acarid state filler, or a polyurethane filler, or an iron-carbon filler;
preferably, the filler is formed by alternately arranging iron-carbon filler and volcanic rock filter material, ceramsite filter material or zeolite.
Microorganisms for sewage treatment exist in each sewage tank in the form of a biological community, and the biological community habitat (habitat) is called an island in ecology. In this embodiment, biological island filler carriers are disposed in the reaction regions of the respective unit modules, and the amount of sludge generated is small due to the long food chain, and the increase of "island" is the increase of the amount of filler, and the ecosystem is simply the complex of the biological community and its living environment. The clustered microorganisms represent several trophic stages on the biological chain. When the cluster speed of the migrating species is the same as the disappearance speed, the number of the species reaches an equilibrium point, and interaction among predation, competition and the like can be generated in the community, a food chain is generated, ecological balance is restored, and uniformity of the biological community is shown. Meanwhile, the aim of sludge reduction can be fulfilled by utilizing the ecological principle and the ecological food chain phenomenon.
According to the method, according to the island effect in ecology, the longer food chain is utilized, so that the purification efficiency is improved, and the output of residual sludge is remarkably reduced. Meanwhile, each unit module is a small reactor, and the serial structure of the small reactors can enable microorganisms of different populations to grow in the different reactors, and good population distribution is presented, so that stable operation is facilitated.
The packing layer is arranged according to the ecological island effect, and the packing with ultra-high specific area is arranged in the reaction zone, namely the specific area of the packing is more than or equal to 3000m 2 /m 3 For example, the Arena type packing with ultra-high specific surface area can strengthen the anaerobic treatment effect, greatly improve the mass transfer efficiency of biological reaction and ensure an efficient anaerobic treatment system. In addition, for the refractory high-concentration wastewater, iron-carbon fillers and volcanic filter materials or ceramsite filter materials can be alternately arranged in the reaction zone, and a large number of process compartments are adopted, so that the water quality reaches and is superior to the design standard. The Fe-C filler has biological treatment function as a biological membrane carrier, and can also perform oxidation-reduction reaction on pollutants by utilizing the principle of a primary cell so as to achieve the double effects of synergistic reinforcement.
In an alternative embodiment, each unit module a is provided with an exhaust duct a, each unit module B is provided with an exhaust duct B, and each exhaust duct a and exhaust duct B are collected through a connecting duct to form a gas collecting system, and the gas collecting system is connected with a gas collecting tank or directly discharged.
Each unit module A and each unit module B are provided with independent exhaust pipelines, the exhaust pipelines are mutually connected through connecting pipelines, and after being collected, a gas collecting system is formed, and the gas collecting system can be directly discharged or conveyed to a subsequent treatment process through a gas collecting tank for recycling.
The lower parts of the left side and the right side of the unit module A are respectively provided with an exhaust pipeline A, and the lower parts of the left side and the right side of the unit module B are respectively provided with an exhaust pipeline B.
In addition, not only can each unit module be provided with a unique gas collection pipeline, but also each unit module can be provided with a unique sludge discharge pipeline and a water seal gas collection system.
In a second aspect, the present embodiment also provides a sewage treatment apparatus including the anaerobic bioreactor described above.
In an alternative embodiment, the sewage treatment device further comprises a pulse water inlet system and a sedimentation tank, wherein the pulse water inlet system is positioned above the anaerobic bioreactor and is communicated with the water inlet area of the unit module A or the unit module B;
the sedimentation tank is located below the anaerobic bioreactor, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the sedimentation tank, and a sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the sedimentation tank.
In an alternative embodiment, the pulse water inlet system adopts an intermittent pulse water pump for water inlet or adopts variable-section double-siphon pulse water inlet;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a low-lift high-flow water pump, and the pulse high-flow periodic water inlet can be generated through the water pump;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a pulse siphon water inlet device, and the pulse siphon water inlet device comprises a pulse siphon water inlet tank and a variable cross-section double siphon pipe.
Optionally, a cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the sewage treatment device.
The sewage treatment device provided by the embodiment adopts an optimal anaerobic bioreactor form with space layout, creates an ideal growth environment for microorganisms, and realizes the technical effects of enough biomass, high-efficiency mass transfer, higher volume utilization rate, better reactor form and optimal flow state.
On one hand, the sewage treatment device adopts a structural mode of three-dimensional space layout according to the structural characteristics of the anaerobic reactor of the standardized unit, meets the design requirement of a biological grading phase-splitting theory, is completely mixed with a part, and integrally tends to be in a plug-flow structure requirement of the high-efficiency bioreactor. Not only overcomes the limit of difficult design and manufacture when the volume of the baffling serial small reactor is too small, but also ensures that the series arrangement of the baffling reactors can reach any optimal theoretical design value; the floor area is reduced, the investment is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the method is beneficial to the implementation of equipment production which is developed to space.
On the other hand, the sewage treatment device adopts a pulse water inlet mode. For a sewage treatment device, good mud-water mixing is a precondition for effectively treating sewage, and only a proper water inlet mode is adopted, a large number of microorganisms can be well contacted with a substrate in water to exert the degradation function of the sewage treatment device, otherwise, a large number of dead zones of a reactor are easily caused, the treatment effect is seriously influenced, and the volume utilization rate of the reactor is greatly reduced. In order to obtain good and complete mud-water mixing, a strong hybrid power is required, and besides reasonable mechanical stirring, hydraulic mixing is most ideal. The necessary condition of hydraulic mixing is that the flow speed and the flow quantity must meet the requirements of mud-water mixing. Conventional design parameters are small compared with the volume of liquid to be mixed in the reactor, and the degree of hydraulic turbulence is not easy to meet the mixing requirement. When the flow rate is small and the flow velocity is large, channeling is easy to generate in the reactor, and the treatment efficiency is affected. In the embodiment, the mode of periodically feeding water in a pulse high-flow mode is adopted, so that water distribution is uniform, and the device runs stably and reliably; on the premise of meeting the design flow rate, the mixing effect of the plug flow can be obtained, so that the ideal flow state of partial complete mixing is generated.
In some embodiments, a low-lift, high-flow water pump may be utilized to create a pulsed high-flow water intake. A large-flow low-lift water pump is configured according to 15-24 times of the average hour flow, and the mode of extremely short pump starting time and long pump stopping time (the parameter can determine the pump starting and stopping time according to the parameter design such as the volume of a reaction zone, the flow rate and the like) is adopted, for example, the pump is started for 100 seconds, and water is fed in a mode of stopping for 20 minutes, so that the overall water flow achieves the effect of plug flow (pulse flow); and the aim that water is fed every time and meets the local complete and rapid and full mixing is achieved, and the reaction time of sewage in a reaction zone is ensured.
In other embodiments, for sewage which continuously flows in automatically, a pulse siphon water inlet device, such as a large-size variable-section double-siphon pulse device, is adopted, so that the intermittent pulse water inlet with timing and quantification is easy to realize, such as a water inlet mode that the water inlet time is less than 65 seconds and the interval time is more than 15 minutes; and the potential energy of the fluid can be utilized to the maximum extent, the drainage capacity is increased, the noise is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and figures.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an anaerobic bioreactor, which includes a unit module B200 and a unit module a100 that are sequentially and alternately connected in series, that is, the unit module B200, the unit module a100, the unit module B200, and the unit module a100 are sequentially connected in series. And the unit modules a100 and B200 are arranged in an up-and-down alignment manner.
As shown In fig. 2 and 3, four flow deflectors a101 are disposed In the unit module a100, the four flow deflectors a101 divide the unit module a100 into a reaction region Re, a water inlet region In and a water outlet region Ex, the water inlet region In is located at the left and right sides of the unit module a100, the water outlet region Ex is located at the middle of the unit module a100, and the reaction region Re is located between the water inlet region In and the water outlet region Ex. In this embodiment, the unit module a100 includes a water inlet area In, a reaction area Re, a water outlet area Ex, a reaction area Re and a water inlet area In from left to right.
A water drainage device A102 is arranged in a water outlet area Ex of the unit module A100; the guide plate A101 is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed; the outer circumference of the unit module a100 is provided with a reinforcement rib 400; a filler fixing bracket 500 is arranged in a reaction zone Re of the unit module A100, and a diversion gallery is arranged at the bottom in the reaction zone Re.
A biological island filler carrier is arranged in a reaction zone Re of the unit module A100; and setting an Arecan ecological filler, a polyurethane filler or an iron-carbon filler; or combined filler formed by alternately arranging iron-carbon filler and zeolite, volcanic filter material or ceramsite filter material.
As shown In fig. 4 and 5, four deflectors B201 are disposed In the unit module B200, the four deflectors B201 divide the unit module B200 into a reaction region Re, a water inlet region In and a water outlet region Ex, the water inlet region In is located at the middle of the unit module B200, the water outlet region Ex is located at the left and right sides of the unit module B200, and the reaction region Re is located between the water inlet region In and the water outlet region Ex. In this embodiment, the unit module B200 is a water outlet region Ex, a reaction region Re, a water inlet region In, a reaction region Re and a water outlet region Ex In order from left to right.
A water drainage device B202 is arranged in the water outlet area Ex of the unit module B200; the deflector B201 is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed; the outer circumference of the unit module B200 is provided with a reinforcement rib 400; a filler fixing bracket 500 is arranged in a reaction zone Re of the unit module B200, and a diversion gallery is arranged at the bottom in the reaction zone Re.
A biological island filler carrier is arranged in a reaction zone Re of the unit module B200; and setting an Arecan ecological filler, a polyurethane filler or an iron-carbon filler; or combined filler formed by alternately arranging iron-carbon filler and zeolite, volcanic filter material or ceramsite filter material.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an exhaust duct a103 is provided at the lower portions of the left and right sides of each unit module a100, and an exhaust duct B203 is provided at the lower portion of the left and right sides of each unit module B200, and the respective exhaust ducts a103 and B203 are collected through connection ducts to form a gas collection system 300, and the gas collection system 300 is connected to a gas collection tank or directly discharged.
Example 2
As shown In fig. 6 and 7, the present embodiment provides a sewage treatment apparatus, which includes an anaerobic bioreactor, a pulse water inlet system 600 and a sedimentation tank 700, wherein the pulse water inlet system 600 is located above the anaerobic bioreactor and is communicated with a water inlet area In of the unit module B200; the sedimentation tank 700 is positioned below the anaerobic bioreactor, the upper end of the sedimentation tank 700 is provided with a water outlet pipe 701, and the lower end of the sedimentation tank 700 is provided with a sludge discharge pipe 702. The anaerobic bioreactor may have the structure of the anaerobic bioreactor described in example 1, or may be arranged in a slightly different manner and number of unit modules from those of example 1.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, a cover plate 800 is provided at the upper end of the sewage treatment apparatus.
Further to the above embodiments, the pulse water inlet system 600 includes a low-lift, high-flow water pump, through which pulse high-flow periodic water inlet can be generated; a large-flow low-lift water pump is configured according to 15-24 times of the average hour flow, and the mode of extremely short pump starting time and long pump stopping time (the parameter can determine the pump starting and stopping time according to the parameter design such as the volume of a reaction zone, the flow rate and the like) is adopted, for example, the pump is started for 100 seconds, and water is fed in a mode of stopping for 20 minutes, so that the overall water flow achieves the effect of plug flow (pulse flow); and the aim that water is fed every time and meets the local complete and rapid and full mixing is achieved, and the reaction time of sewage in a reaction zone is ensured.
Example 3
This example provides a sewage treatment apparatus, which differs from example 2 in that the pulse water inlet system 600 is the same as example 2.
For continuous gravity-fed wastewater, the pulsed water inlet system 600 includes a pulsed siphon water inlet apparatus including a pulsed siphon water inlet tank and a variable cross-section double siphon. The intermittent pulse water inlet with timing and quantitative is easy to realize, for example, a water inlet mode with water inlet time less than 65 seconds and interval time more than 15 minutes is adopted; and the potential energy of the fluid can be utilized to the maximum extent, the drainage capacity is increased, the noise is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The working principle of the sewage treatment device of the embodiment is as follows:
the external sewage automatically flows into the pulse siphon water inlet device, and after the external sewage reaches the set water level, the external sewage quantitatively discharges into the water inlet region of the unit module B through the variable-section double siphon, water flows into the reaction region of the unit module B from the water inlet region of the unit module B and then enters the water outlet region of the unit module B, and water outlet of the unit module B enters the water inlet region of the unit module A through the water outlet device B. The water flow enters the reaction zone of the unit module A from the water inlet zone of the unit module A and then enters the water outlet zone of the unit module A, and the water outlet of the unit module A enters the water inlet zone of the unit module B through the water discharging device A. The above process is repeated, the final effluent enters a sedimentation tank, after mud-water separation in the sedimentation tank, the treated sewage (i.e. supernatant) meeting the discharge requirement is discharged through a water outlet pipe, and the residual anaerobic sludge is discharged through a sewage discharge pipe after being concentrated and precipitated in the sedimentation tank. The gas generated by each unit module A and each unit module B enters the gas collection box to be collected and recycled through the gas collection system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anaerobic bioreactor is characterized by comprising a unit module A and a unit module B which are sequentially and alternately connected in series;
a plurality of guide plates A are arranged in the unit module A, the unit module A is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates A, the water inlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module A, the water outlet area is positioned at the middle part of the unit module A, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area;
a plurality of guide plates B are arranged in the unit module B, the unit module B is divided into a reaction area, a water inlet area and a water outlet area by the guide plates B, the water inlet area is positioned in the middle of the unit module B, the water outlet area is positioned at the left side and the right side of the unit module B, and the reaction area is positioned between the water inlet area and the water outlet area;
the unit modules A and B are arranged in an up-down alignment manner;
the water inlet area of the unit module A is communicated with the water outlet area of the unit module B, the water inlet area of the unit module B is communicated with the water outlet area of the unit module A, and so on; the unit modules A and B are sequentially and alternately connected in series, namely the unit modules A, B, A and B are sequentially connected in series.
2. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the unit modules a and B are installed in a left and right stepped arrangement.
3. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein a water draining device A is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module A, and a water draining device B is arranged in the water outlet area of the unit module B.
4. The anaerobic bioreactor of claim 1, wherein the baffle a and the baffle B are each provided with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes.
5. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumferences of the unit modules a and B are each provided with a reinforcing rib;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler fixing bracket;
preferably, the bottoms in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a diversion gallery.
6. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein biological island packing carriers are arranged in the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B;
preferably, the reaction areas of the unit modules A and B are respectively provided with a filler with high specific surface area, and the specific surface area of the filler is more than or equal to 3000m < 2 >/m < 3 >;
preferably, the filler is an acarid state filler, or a polyurethane filler, or an iron-carbon filler;
preferably, the filler is formed by alternately arranging iron-carbon filler and volcanic rock filter material, ceramsite filter material or zeolite.
7. An anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each unit module a is provided with an exhaust duct a, each unit module B is provided with an exhaust duct B, and each exhaust duct a and exhaust duct B are collected by a connecting duct to form a gas collection system, and the gas collection system is connected with a gas collection tank or directly discharged.
8. A sewage treatment plant comprising the anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a pulse water inlet system and a sedimentation tank, wherein the pulse water inlet system is located above the anaerobic bioreactor and is communicated with the water inlet area of the unit module a or the unit module B;
the sedimentation tank is located below the anaerobic bioreactor, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the sedimentation tank, and a sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the sedimentation tank.
10. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 9, wherein the pulse water inlet system adopts a discontinuous pulse water pump for water inlet or adopts a variable cross-section double siphon pulse water inlet;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a low-lift high-flow water pump, and the pulse high-flow periodic water inlet can be generated through the water pump;
preferably, the pulse water inlet system comprises a pulse siphon water inlet device, and the pulse siphon water inlet device comprises a pulse siphon water inlet tank and a variable cross-section double siphon pipe.
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