CN107413361A - The method that base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is prepared using hydro-thermal method - Google Patents

The method that base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is prepared using hydro-thermal method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107413361A
CN107413361A CN201710429094.8A CN201710429094A CN107413361A CN 107413361 A CN107413361 A CN 107413361A CN 201710429094 A CN201710429094 A CN 201710429094A CN 107413361 A CN107413361 A CN 107413361A
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hydro
tungsten carbide
photochemical catalyst
base metal
tungstic acid
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CN201710429094.8A
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CN107413361B (en
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潘云翔
左锐
孙正庆
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Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • B01J35/39
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/20Carbon compounds
    • B01J27/22Carbides

Abstract

The invention discloses the method that base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is prepared using hydro-thermal method, and it is using tungstates and ammonium sulfate as raw material, and linear tungstic acid predecessor is made through hydro-thermal reaction;It is again that raw material carries out hydro-thermal reaction with tungstic acid and glucose, products therefrom carries out calcination process under protection compression ring border, that is, base metal tungsten carbide catalyst is made.The preparation method of the present invention has the characteristics that simple technique, safety, environmental pollution are small, efficient, the tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst size prepared is nanoscale, have the characteristics that cost is low, stability is good, utilization rate is high, service life is long, photocatalysis performance is higher than noble metal based photocatalyst, it is easy to accomplish commercialization.

Description

The method that base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is prepared using hydro-thermal method
Technical field
The invention belongs to photochemical catalyst preparing technical field, more particularly to one kind prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst Method.
Background technology
As global energy problem and environmental problem are more and more prominent, find it is a kind of it is clean, conveniently, recyclable effective use The method of the energy become more and more urgent, for example use solar energy.The noble metal photocatalysis such as golden (Au), platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) Agent is widely used in photocatalysis field, such as photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen, photocatalysis CO2Reduction, photocatalytic degradation, photochemical catalytic oxidation Deng.These noble metal photochemical catalysts show higher photocatalytic activity, but expensive, are not suitable for large-scale industrial application. In recent years, base metal tungsten carbide (WC) photochemical catalyst produces hydrogen, photocatalysis CO in photocatalytic water splitting2Reduction, photocatalytic degradation, Good application prospect has been shown during photochemical catalytic oxidation etc..It has the activity and stability to be compared favourably with noble metal, And its cheap, abundance, it is more suitable for heavy industrialization application.
But traditional tungsten carbide preparation technology need to be improved, product pattern is disorderly and unsystematic, and particle size is irregular, point It is scattered uneven, easily occur to reunite and react incomplete phenomenon, strong influence is produced to the performance of product.Therefore, one is developed Plant simple, safety, controllable appearance, green tungsten carbide preparation technology highly significant.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to avoid the weak point present in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided one kind is prepared using green hydro-thermal method The method of efficient tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that to realize goal of the invention:
The method that the present invention prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst using hydro-thermal method, is that tungstates and ammonium sulfate exist After being well mixed and fully dissolve in water, carry out hydro-thermal reaction and obtain tungstic acid predecessor;By tungstic acid predecessor and Portugal After grape sugar is well mixed in water, then hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, after products therefrom roasting, produce target product base metal tungsten carbide Photochemical catalyst.Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) tungstates and ammonium sulfate are well mixed in water and fully dissolved, then adjusted pH to 1~3, must mix Liquid;
(2) mixed liquor is poured into reactor, 160~200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 8h, products therefrom is centrifuged, Washing, dry, obtain tungstic acid predecessor;
(3) the tungstic acid predecessor is well mixed in water with glucose, be subsequently poured into reactor, 160~ 200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 8h, products therefrom is centrifuged, washed, is dried, obtains carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor;
(4) by the carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor under the conditions of argon gas, 850~1000 DEG C be calcined 1 hour, that is, be made Target product base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst.
The tungstates is sodium tungstate, ammonium tungstate or potassium tungstate, preferably sodium tungstate.
The mass ratio of the tungstates and ammonium sulfate is 1.3:0.5~2.
The mass ratio of the predecessor and glucose is 1.5:1~9.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
1st, the method that the present invention prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst using hydro-thermal method, tungsten carbide side is prepared with tradition For method compared to the obvious advantage, the tungstic acid of linear pattern be used as tungsten source to the present invention and material morphology is basic by preparing, and utilizes Portugal Grape sugar provides carbon source and reducing agent, pyroreaction prepare tungsten carbide, compared with conventional method, morphology controllable, avoids biography It is the reunion that easily occurs in system method, the problems such as collapsing, safe operation process, simple;
2nd, hydro-thermal method of the present invention is prepared during base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst without using any toxic reagent, danger Dangerous gas, cheap free of contamination argon gas is simply used as protective gas, therefore preparation process is green;
3rd, base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst uniform particle sizes produced by the present invention, good dispersion, crystal perfection, catalysis are lived Property it is high, catalytic stability is good, be adapted to batch production.
4th, the raw materials used sodium tungstate aboundresources of the present invention, it is cheap, be widely used, be it is the most commonly used prepare it is non-expensive The raw material of metallic carbide tungsten photochemical catalyst.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electron scanning micrograph of the gained tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst of embodiment 2;
Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction spectrogram (XRD) of the gained tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is gained tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst under different glucose dosages in embodiment 1,2,3,4 in photocatalytic water splitting Activity in reaction;
Fig. 4 is tungsten carbide photochemical catalysts obtained by different sintering temperatures in embodiment 2,5,6 in photocatalytic water splitting reaction Activity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described.
Agents useful for same is purchased from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group in the following embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Weighing 1.3g sodium tungstates, 1.0g ammonium sulfate, which are placed in, successively is well mixed in 30mL deionized waters and fully dissolves, and makes PH=2 is adjusted with 3M HCl solutions, the clarification mixed liquor liquid of gained is added in 50mL ptfe autoclave, will be anti- Answer kettle to be placed in hydro-thermal reaction 8 hours in 180 DEG C of baking ovens, then naturally cool to room temperature, and product is centrifuged, wash, done It is dry, obtain tungstic acid predecessor;
0.15g tungstic acids predecessor is placed in 30mL deionized waters with 0.9g glucose and is well mixed, is then added Into 50mL ptfe autoclave, reactor is placed in hydro-thermal reaction 8 hours, subsequent natural cooling in 180 DEG C of baking ovens To room temperature, and product is centrifuged, washed, is dried, obtaining carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor;
Carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor is put into heat treatment apparatus, and is filled with argon gas, temperature programming to 900 DEG C, Constant temperature calcining 1 hour, that is, target product base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is made, labeled as T1.
Through characterizing, the pattern particle diameter of sample obtained by the present embodiment is uneven, pattern is reunited, poor-performing.
T1 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction, while carried out using precious metals pt as photochemical catalyst pair Than to test its catalytic performance, specific method is:20mg T1 samples are combined with 30mg CdS quantum dots, and add 10mL breasts Acid is as sacrifice agent, 90mL deionized waters as solvent and catalysis substrate.After tested, the hydrogen output of T1 samples is as shown in figure 3, originally The hydrogen-producing speed of T1 samples is 962 μm of ol/h obtained by embodiment, (is about 323 μm of ol/ higher than noble metal based photocatalyst is used h)。
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst by the identical method of embodiment 1, differs only in grape Sugared dosage is changed to 0.45g.Gained target product is labeled as T2.
Fig. 1 is the electron scanning micrograph of target product tungsten carbide, and Fig. 2 is the x-ray diffraction pattern of target product Figure.The tungsten carbide catalyst prepared as can be seen from Figure 1 is long rod-like structure, has preferably dispersiveness, and it is average long Degree is about in 600nm or so.It can be clearly seen that have at 2 θ is 31.480,35.760 and 48.400 3 most strong from Fig. 2 Diffraction maximum, correspond to WC (001), (100) and (101) 3 crystal face (JCPDS respectively:51-0939);In addition, there are several places relative Weaker diffraction maximum, its 2 θ value are followed successively by 64.040,65.320,73.200,75.600 and 76.920, respectively WC crystal faces (110), (002), (111), (200) and (102) (JCPDS:51-0939).
T2 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction by the identical method of embodiment 1, while with precious metals pt Contrasted as photochemical catalyst, to test its catalytic performance.After tested, the hydrogen output of T2 samples is as shown in figure 3, can from figure To find out that T2 samples have preferable photocatalytic activity, it is computed, the hydrogen-producing speed of T2 samples is 1440 μm of ol/h, higher than using expensive Metal based photocatalyst (about 323 μm of ol/h).
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst by the identical method of embodiment 1, differs only in grape Sugared dosage is changed to 0.225g.Gained target product is labeled as T3.
The pattern of sample obtained by the present embodiment is similar to Example 2, and uniform particle sizes, pattern are excellent, better performances.
T3 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction by the identical method of embodiment 1, while with precious metals pt Contrasted as photochemical catalyst, to test its catalytic performance.After tested, the hydrogen output of T3 samples is as shown in figure 3, be computed, The hydrogen-producing speed of T3 samples is 1299 μm of ol/h, higher than use noble metal based photocatalyst (about 323 μm of ol/h).
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst by the identical method of embodiment 1, differs only in grape Sugared dosage is changed to 0.1125g.Gained target product is labeled as T4.
The pattern of sample is similar to Example 1 obtained by the present embodiment, and particle diameter is uneven, pattern is reunited disperses, poor-performing.
T4 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction by the identical method of embodiment 1, while with precious metals pt Contrasted as photochemical catalyst, to test its catalytic performance.After tested, the hydrogen output of T4 samples is as shown in figure 3, be computed, The hydrogen-producing speed of T4 samples is 633 μm of ol/h, higher than use noble metal based photocatalyst (about 323 μm of ol/h).
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst by the identical method of embodiment 2, differs only in roasting Temperature is 800 DEG C.Gained target product is labeled as T5.
The pattern of sample is similar to Example 1 obtained by the present embodiment, scattered, poor performance that particle diameter is uneven, pattern is reunited.
T5 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction by the identical method of embodiment 1, while with precious metals pt Contrasted as photochemical catalyst, to test its catalytic performance.After tested, as shown in figure 4, the hydrogen-producing speed of T5 samples is 786 μ Mol/h, higher than use noble metal based photocatalyst (about 323 μm of ol/h).
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment prepares base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst by the identical method of embodiment 2, differs only in roasting Temperature is 1000 DEG C.Gained target product is labeled as T6.
The pattern of sample is similar to Example 1 obtained by the present embodiment, scattered, poor performance that particle diameter is uneven, pattern is reunited.
T6 samples are used in photocatalytic water splitting production hydrogen reaction by the identical method of embodiment 1, while with precious metals pt Contrasted as photochemical catalyst, to test its catalytic performance.After tested as shown in figure 4, the hydrogen-producing speed of T6 samples is 967 μ Mol/h, higher than use noble metal based photocatalyst (about 323 μm of ol/h).

Claims (5)

1. the method for base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst is prepared using hydro-thermal method, it is characterised in that:By tungstates and ammonium sulfate After being well mixed in water and fully dissolving, carry out hydro-thermal reaction and obtain tungstic acid predecessor;By tungstic acid predecessor with After glucose is well mixed in water, then hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, after products therefrom roasting, produce the carbonization of target product base metal Tungsten photochemical catalyst.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) tungstates and ammonium sulfate are well mixed in water and fully dissolved, then adjusted pH to 1~3, obtain mixed liquor;
(2) mixed liquor is poured into reactor, 160~200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 8h, products therefrom is centrifuged, washed, Dry, obtain tungstic acid predecessor;
(3) the tungstic acid predecessor is well mixed in water with glucose, be subsequently poured into reactor, 160~200 DEG C Hydro-thermal reaction 8h, products therefrom is centrifuged, washed, is dried, obtains carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor;
(4) by the carbon coating tungstic acid predecessor under the conditions of argon gas, 800~1000 DEG C be calcined 1 hour, that is, be made target Product base metal tungsten carbide photochemical catalyst.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The tungstates is sodium tungstate, ammonium tungstate or wolframic acid Potassium.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The mass ratio of the tungstates and ammonium sulfate is 1.3: 0.5~2.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The mass ratio of the predecessor and glucose is 1.5:1 ~9.
CN201710429094.8A 2017-06-08 2017-06-08 Method for preparing non-noble metal tungsten carbide photocatalyst by hydrothermal method Active CN107413361B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111468152A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-31 宁夏大学 Preparation and application of flower-shaped WC cocatalyst
WO2021008563A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Transparent heat-shielding particulate, particulate dispersoid, and preparation method and use thereof
CN115845885A (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-03-28 江苏大学 CdS/WC 1-x @ C composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN115845885B (en) * 2022-10-20 2024-05-10 江苏大学 CdS/WC1-xComposite photocatalyst @ C and preparation method and application thereof

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CN104843708A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-08-19 江苏大学 Preparation method of tungsten carbide hollow hemispheres

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021008563A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Transparent heat-shielding particulate, particulate dispersoid, and preparation method and use thereof
CN111468152A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-31 宁夏大学 Preparation and application of flower-shaped WC cocatalyst
CN115845885A (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-03-28 江苏大学 CdS/WC 1-x @ C composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN115845885B (en) * 2022-10-20 2024-05-10 江苏大学 CdS/WC1-xComposite photocatalyst @ C and preparation method and application thereof

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