CN107407583A - 提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备和方法 - Google Patents

提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN107407583A
CN107407583A CN201580078397.9A CN201580078397A CN107407583A CN 107407583 A CN107407583 A CN 107407583A CN 201580078397 A CN201580078397 A CN 201580078397A CN 107407583 A CN107407583 A CN 107407583A
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M·基尔施
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Pepperl and Fuchs SE
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
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    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
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    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34776—Absolute encoders with analogue or digital scales
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G02B7/10—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification by relative axial movement of several lenses, e.g. of varifocal objective lens
    • G02B7/102—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification by relative axial movement of several lenses, e.g. of varifocal objective lens controlled by a microcomputer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
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    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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    • H04N23/676—Bracketing for image capture at varying focusing conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
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    • G02B7/38—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals using image sharpness techniques, e.g. image processing techniques for generating autofocus signals measured at different points on the optical axis, e.g. focussing on two or more planes and comparing image data
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
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Abstract

本发明涉及提供用于供检测器(3)检测的图示(1)或图示序列的设备和方法，所述设备和方法提供了供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的简单和有效的变化，本发明要求保护一种设备，其包括：沿着光轴(2)布置的多个图示(1)的序列；光学装置(4)，用于聚焦在所述多个图示(1)中的至少一个上，以便所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰度对检测器(3)可见；控制单元(5)，所述控制单元(5)用于限定并提供光学装置(4)在所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序，以提供所述多个图示(1)或所述多个图示(1)的一部分对检测器(3)的可见性的变化，以便允许验证所述检测器的正确运作。

Description

提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备和方法。
背景技术
现有技术中已知有提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的不同设备和方法。例如，在图像处理领域中，已知的是提供供用于分析的检测器检测的图示。
发明内容
为达至可靠的分析结果，非常重要的是检测器能正确地运作。为了验证检测器能正确运行，可提供可定义的图示或图示序列，以及可将检测结果与所提供的图示或图示序列进行比较。如确定不到所提供的图示或图示序列与检测器检测到的数据之间有重合或关系，检测器故障可能是找不到重合或关系的原因。在这情况下，例如，该检测器可由正确地运作的检测器取代。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备和方法，所述设备和方法提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的简单和有效的变化。
根据本发明，上述目的藉由包括权利要求1所述的特征的设备来达成。所述设备包括：多个图示的序列，所述多个图示的序列沿着光轴布置；光学装置，所述光学装置用于聚焦在所述多个图示中的至少一个上，以便所述多个图示中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰度对所述检测器可见；控制单元，所述控制单元用于限定并提供所述光学装置在所述多个图示中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序，以提供所述多个图示或所述多个图示的一部分对所述检测器的可见性的变化。
再者，上述目的藉由根据权利要求15所述的方法来达成，其中沿着光轴提供多个图示的序列，其中光学装置聚焦在所述多个图示中的至少一个上，以便所述多个图示中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰对所述检测器可见，以及其中控制单元限定并提供所述光学装置在所述多个图示中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序，以提供所述多个图示或所述多个图示的一部分对所述检测器的可见性的变化。
根据本发明，已认识到的是所述多个图示的所述至少一个上的焦点调节的变化可为图示或图示序列的简单和有效变化提供基础。再者，已认识到的是不同图示的适当布置对达成上述目的尤其有用。具体而言，提供了沿着光轴布置的多个图示的序列，其中光学装置可聚焦在所述多个图示中的至少一个上，以便所述多个图示中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰度对所述检测器可见，以及其中这样的清晰度的水平可由适当的光学设备限定和监测。焦点可被调节成使得只有多个图示的序列中的一个图示对所述检测器可见。所提供的多个图示的变化由控制单元实现，所述控制单元限定并提供在所述多个图示中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序。所述控制单元可以适当的方式控制所述光学装置，以便可得到所述多个图示或所述多个图示的一部分对所述检测器的可见性的变化。在非常简单的情况中，图示可藉由适当的对焦而可见到，或由于不对焦或散焦而不可见到。这是一种提供可见性的变化的非常简单的方法。
因此，本发明的设备和方法藉由仅仅改变所述多个图示的序列上的焦点，为提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的简单和有效的变化。
在本发明的简单实施例中，所述聚焦顺序可包括将焦点从至少一个图示转移到另一图示，或将焦点从图示的至少一部分转移到另一图示的一部分。在这非常简单的情况中，两个图示之间的转移可藉由改变该两个图示之间的焦点来进行。然而，如果沿着所述光轴设有两个以上的图示，所述聚焦顺序可包括复杂的转移顺序。适当的聚焦顺序可按照可预定的时间表，所述可预定的时间表具有聚焦在所选择的图示上的可预定的聚焦持续时间和/或将焦点转移到另一图示之前的定义时间延迟。
为了实现多个图示的可正确地检测的布置，所述多个图示沿着所述光轴按前后顺序布置在平行的平面上。由于这顺序布置，所述光学装置可简单地聚焦在所述多个图示中的每一个上而不需设置考虑所述多个图示的倾斜的其他特别光学设备。
为了提供非常简单的设备，所多个述图示可被布置成彼此相距可预定的距离。可藉由一个或多个间隔件提供这样的布置，实现所述多个图示的稳定布置。优选地，所述多个图示之间的距离可以是相等的，以便实现等距布置。
可以许多不同的方式实现适当的图示。例如，所述图示可包括经图形设计的、优选地印刷的，箔片。这样的箔片可被简单地按前后顺序布置，以沿着所述光轴提供适当的多个图示的序列。
在另一个优选实施例中，所述多个图示可包括代码、代码序列、二元码、条形码或数据矩阵码，或其组合或叠加。取决于个别应用情况，可使用适合的代码、或代码的组合或叠加。
在另一个优选实施例中，所述多个图示的序列可形成全息图。藉由所述光学装置的适当聚焦，取决于个别聚焦调节，可从该全息图得到不同的光学信息。
为了简单地提供在所述多个图示中的至少一个上的聚焦顺序，所述光学装置可包括用于改变焦点的调节功能或装置。可藉由使用该功能或装置达到焦点调节的快速变化。
为了实现紧凑设备和节省安装空间，所述光学装置可与所述检测器连接或者与所述检测器成一体，所述检测器可以是所述设备的一部分。因此，可提供具有所述检测器和所述光学装置的组合模组。
在另一个优选实施例中，所述光学装置可包括定焦透镜。这类型的透镜通常具有简单结构，可节省成本。有关这样的定焦透镜，所述多个图示可被分配到或被连接到可移动装置，所述可移动装置用于沿着所述光轴移动所述多个图示。藉由移动所述多个图示，可将至少一个图示移动到所述定焦透镜的适当聚焦点，以便可得到清晰图像。在这情况下，藉由所述多个图示沿着所述光轴的移动得到聚焦顺序，以致于可将不同的图示移入所述定焦透镜的聚焦位置。
在另一个优选实施例中，所述检测器可形成所述设备的一部分并且可包括可沿着所述光轴移动的传感器。在这情况下，可使用定焦透镜，以及所述多个图示可沿着所述光轴布置而不需移动。用于提供聚焦顺序的移动部分是可移动检测器或传感器。
为了就所述检测器检测到的数据提供有效的评估，所述设备可包括评估装置，所述评估装置用于验证所提供的图示或图示序列与所述检测器检测到的相应数据之间的重合或关系。因此，可藉由检测和评估由所述控制单元的聚焦顺序提供的图示或图示序列的图像来验证所述检测器的运作。如果所述检测器内的该图像被锁定或者如果软件已经中止操作或具有时间位移或延迟，所述检测器将检测不到相应数据，而可把所述检测器当作成出现故障或不能运作。在该情况下可启动相应的维护活动。
在优选的应用情况中，所述设备可以是一系统的一部分，所述系统用于可靠地确定与物体与路径之间的相对运动有关的所述物体的位置。该系统包括检测器，所述检测器与所述物体连接或者与所述物体成一体；以及至少一个标识，所述至少一个标识沿所述路径设置，其中所述至少一个标识由所述检测器在其空间检测范围内检测，以确定所述物体相对于所述标识的位置，以及其中所述设备提供用于供所述检测器检测的所述图示或图示序列。通过这样的布置，可藉由提供用于供检测器检测的图示或图示序列的设备简单地验证所述检测器的正确运作。
附图说明
以有利的方式设计和进一步改进本发明的教导存在若干方式。为此，在一方面参照从属于专利权利要求1的专利权利要求，在另一方面，参照附图所示作为例子的本发明的优选实施例的以下说明。连同借助于附图的本发明的优选实施例的说明，将说明了本发明教导的其他一般优选实施例和进一步改进。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明的实施例的用于提供图示或图示序列的设备的示意图；以及
图2是用于可靠地确定物体的位置的系统的示意图，所述系统可与根据图1所示的设备一起使用。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一种用于提供多个图示1的序列的设备的实施例，为了检测器3的检测，多个图示1沿着光轴2布置。提供了光学装置4以聚焦在多个图示1中的至少一个上，以便图示1中的所述至少一个以可预定的清晰度对检测器3可见。控制单元5限定并提供光学装置4在多个图示1上的聚焦顺序，以提供多个图示1或多个图示1的一部分对检测器3的可见性的变化。图1所示的检测器3是数码相机。
控制单元5被设计成用于藉由光学装置4的适当调节来提供多个图示1的聚焦顺序，其中根据图1所示的实施例提供了四个图示1。
多个图示1具有平面结构以及沿着光轴2按前后顺序布置在平行的平面上。多个图示1被布置成多个图示1之间的距离是相等的。多个图示1包括经图形设计的箔片或包括代码、代码序列、二元码、条形码或数据矩阵码或其组合或叠加。在图1所示的实施例中，光学装置4为所述四个图示1的第二图示1的可见性而被调节。
光学装置4包括用于简单地调节焦点的调节功能或装置，以实现可预定的聚焦顺序。这样的聚焦顺序可包括在图1所示的所述四个图示1的焦点转移。在这样的聚焦顺序内考虑了不同清晰度的平面。多个图示1可以图示堆的形式提供。可从经调节的不同清晰度的平面检测到不同数据。
图2示出了与根据本发明的设备一起使用的系统的实施例的示意图，所述系统用于可靠地确定与物体6与路径7之间的相对运动有关的物件6的位置。所述系统包括与物体6连接的检测器3，其中检测器3对应图1所示的检测器3。
沿路径7设置多个标识8。标识8藉由沿着路径7定位的数据矩阵码来实现。标识8由检测器3在其空间检测范围9内检测，以确定物体6相对于标识8的位置。为了验证检测器3的正确运作，所述设备提供用于供检测器3检测的图示1。图示1或多个图示1可与标识8是完全相同的。换言之，标识8可由沿着光轴2的多个图示1的序列来实现，光轴2相对于图2的绘图平面垂直地布置。为了验证所提供的图示1或多个图示1与检测器3检测到的相应数据之间的重合或关系，将相应的评估装置10分配给物体6。
本文阐述的本发明的许多修改和其他实施例将使得与本发明相关的领域中的技术人员想到，其具有在前述说明和关联附图中呈现的教导的益处。因此，须理解的是本发明不限于所揭示的特定实施例，修改及其他实施例旨在包含在所附权利要求的范围内。虽然本文采用了特定术语，但其仅以一般性和描述性意义来使用，而非出于限制的目的。
参考标记列表
1 图示
2 光轴
3 检测器
4 光学装置
5 控制单元
6 物体
7 路径
8 标识
9 检测范围
10 评估装置

Claims (15)

1.一种提供用于供检测器(3)检测的图示(1)或图示序列的设备，所述设备包括：
多个图示(1)的序列，所述多个图示(1)的序列沿着光轴(2)布置；
光学装置(4)，所述光学装置(4)用于聚焦在所述多个图示(1)中的至少一个上，以便所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰度对所述检测器(3)可见；以及
控制单元(5)，所述控制单元(5)用于限定并提供所述光学装置(4)在所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序，以提供所述多个图示(1)或所述多个图示(1)的一部分对所述检测器(3)的可见性的变化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述聚焦顺序包括将焦点从至少一个图示(1)转移到另一图示(1)，或将焦点从图示(1)的至少一部分转移到另一图示(1)的一部分。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)沿着所述光轴(2)按前后顺序布置在平行的平面上。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)优选地藉由一个或多个隔离物被布置成彼此相距可预定的距离。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)之间的距离是相等的。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)包括经图形设计的，优选地印刷的，箔片，或者所述多个图示(1)包括代码、代码序列、二元码、条形码或数据矩阵码或其组合或叠加。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)的序列形成全息图。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)包括用于改变焦点的调节功能或装置。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)与所述检测器(3)连接或者与所述检测器(3)成一体，所述检测器(3)可以是所述设备的一部分。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)包括定焦透镜。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个图示(1)被分配到或被连接到可移动装置，所述可移动装置用于沿着所述光轴(2)移动所述多个图示(1)。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述检测器(3)形成所述设备的一部分并且包括能够沿着所述光轴(2)移动的传感器。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备设有评估装置(10)，所述评估装置(10)用于验证所提供的图示(1)或图示序列与所述检测器(3)检测到的相应数据之间的重合或关系。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备是一系统的一部分，所述系统用于可靠地确定与物体(6)与路径(7)之间的相对运动有关的所述物体(6)的位置，所述系统包括：
检测器(3)，所述检测器(3)与所述物体(6)连接或者与所述物体(6)成一体；以及
至少一个标识(8)，所述至少一个标识(8)沿所述路径(7)设置，
其中，所述至少一个标识(8)由所述检测器(3)在其空间检测范围(9)内检测，以确定所述物体(6)相对于所述标识(8)的位置，其中，所述设备提供用于供所述检测器(3)检测的所述图示(1)或图示序列。
15.一种提供用于供检测器(3)检测的图示(1)或图示序列的方法，所述方法尤其是由根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的设备执行，其特征在于，沿着光轴(2)提供多个图示(1)的序列，其中光学装置(4)聚焦在所述多个图示(1)中的至少一个上，以使所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个优选地以可预定的清晰度对检测器(3)可见，以及其中控制单元(5)限定并提供所述光学装置(4)在所述多个图示(1)中的所述至少一个上的聚焦顺序，以提供所述多个图示(1)或所述多个图示(1)的一部分对所述检测器(3)的可见性的变化。
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