CN107402320A - A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system - Google Patents
A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107402320A CN107402320A CN201710548882.9A CN201710548882A CN107402320A CN 107402320 A CN107402320 A CN 107402320A CN 201710548882 A CN201710548882 A CN 201710548882A CN 107402320 A CN107402320 A CN 107402320A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system, including：Optical emitting module, optical signal modulation module, multicore optical fiber coupler, multi-core fiber, electromagnetic susceptibility composite, photodetector and electronic signal processing module；One end of multi-core fiber is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler, and the other end of multi-core fiber keeps certain distance with the reflecting surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite, and electromagnetic susceptibility composite is connected in power system to be measured.Present system has the advantages that electromagnetism interference is strong, safe, cost is cheap, flexible structure and good reliability, at the same can measure direct current signal also can Measuring Alternating Current Signal, can be also combined with different composite material, realize the measurement of other physical parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensory field of optic fibre, is passed more particularly, to a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber electric current
Sensing system.
Background technology
Intelligent grid is the intellectuality of power network, is referred to as " power network 2.0 ", being built upon integrated high-speed bidirectional communication network
On the basis of, by advanced sensing, measurement, control, equipment and DSS technology, realize reliable power network, safety, economy,
Efficiently, green use.In intelligent grid, sensing equipment will monitor the information such as voltage x current in network system in real time, with reference to
Communication, automatic control technology etc. organically blend with power network infrastructure, and acquisition power network panoramic information, prevention is with finding event in time
Barrier, and failure is quickly isolated, realize self-recovery.Therefore, efficient, accurate, energy-conservation sensor-based system is the pass in intelligent grid
Key link.
Sensing equipment is mainly electrical sensor used by power network at present, and input/output signal is electric signal, such as electricity
Pressure sensor can be divided into resitstance voltage divider, capacitive divider, electromagnetic potential transformer, capacitance type potential transformer and Hall
Voltage sensor etc., current sensor are divided into current divider, electromagnetic current transducer and electronic current mutual inductor etc..Multiple
In the case of strays magnetic environment or over long distances transmission, signal acquisition and the transmission of electrical sensor will become difficult；And transducing part
It is active device, operability and security are all poor, are to meet insulating requirements in high voltage and current circuit, it is necessary to complicated
Process meanses.In addition, traditional electrical sensor needs to be coupled into examining system, its accuracy can be by voltage x current water
The influence of many factors such as flat, frequency fluctuation, the fluctuation of load, remanent magnetism, geomagnetic induction current.
With the development of optic fibre manufacture process, people, which start to explore, to attempt to imitate using the i.e. Faraday of magneto-optic effect of medium
Electromagnetic induction principle should be substituted to carry out the measurement of electric current.Current most fibre optic current sensor is to utilize Faraday
Effect realizes sensing, and the current measuring device of information transfer is completed using optical fiber.Influenceed by factors such as fiber birefringences,
Fibre-optic current voltage sensor has much room for improvement in reliability, stability and measurement accuracy etc. at present, and is only limitted to measure
Direct current signal, ripe practical product is seldom, most of principle prototype stage for all resting on laboratory.
As can be seen here, there is not high poor security, poor anti jamming capability, accuracy, poor reliability and only limit in prior art
In the technical problem of measurement direct current signal.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical
Fine current sensing system, thus solve prior art and have that poor security, poor anti jamming capability, accuracy be high, poor reliability
And it is only limitted to measure the technical problem of direct current signal.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system, bag
Include：
Optical emitting module, optical signal modulation module, multicore optical fiber coupler, multi-core fiber, electromagnetic susceptibility composite wood
Material, photodetector and electronic signal processing module；
Multicore optical fiber coupler includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core fiber includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；
The output end of optical emitting module is parallel by n single of optical signal modulation module and multicore optical fiber coupler
Branch road connects, 1≤n ＜ N；
Other (N-n) individual single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler passes through the photodetector and the electric signal
The input of processing module is connected；
One end of multi-core fiber is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler, and the other end and electromagnetism of multi-core fiber are quick
The reflecting surface for feeling composite keeps certain distance, and the electromagnetic susceptibility composite is connected in power system to be measured.
Further, electromagnetic susceptibility composite receives the DC signal generation fixed displacement of power system to be measured, connects
The AC signal for receiving power system to be measured produces the mechanical oscillation of same frequency, electromagnetic susceptibility composite and multi-core fiber end face away from
It is less than 5 ° from less than 10mm, angle.
Further, at work, optical emitting module produces light beam and adjusted via optical signal modulation module system
System produces flashlight, the n single parallel branch and the n fibre core connection of multi-core fiber and transmission signal of multicore optical fiber coupler
Light, flashlight are emitted to electromagnetic susceptibility composite material surface in multi-core fiber end face and reflected, (N-n) in addition of multi-core fiber
Individual fibre core receives reflected light, and is connected transmission reflected light extremely with (N-n) in addition individual single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler
Photodetector carries out opto-electronic conversion, and obtained electric signal handles to obtain received optical power through electronic signal processing module, using connecing
Displacement caused by the fixed displacement of receipts luminous power acquisition electromagnetic susceptibility composite or mechanical oscillation, it is compound with reference to electromagnetic susceptibility
The magnetostrictive effect of material obtains the information about power to be measured of power system to be measured.
Further, electronic signal processing module includes：Amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase-sensitive detection circuit, LPF
Device, analog-digital converter and host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter carry out tentatively amplification and denoising to electric signal,
Enter horizontal lock amplification to signal frequency through phase-sensitive detection circuit, then after filtering out most of noise by low-pass filter circuit, by modulus
Converter is converted to data signal and handled in host computer processing module, obtains received optical power.
Further, host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing module, number
Data signal is obtained according to Acquisition Circuit, is transmitted by data transmission circuit and received optical power is obtained into data processing module.
Further, optical emitting module is incoherent light source, including：LED, wideband light source and ASE light sources.
Preferably, optical emitting module LED.
Further, optical signal modulation module includes drive circuit and modulation circuit, and drive circuit passes through light for limitation
The current output signal light in source, modulation circuit are used for the stable flashlight of reception signal light output.
Further, photodetector is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diodes.
Preferably, photodetector is PIN photodiode.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
(1) it is significantly simple due to the working method of the invention that reflection-type intensity modulated is realized using electromagnetic susceptibility composite
Change design structure, reduce cost；One fibre core represents a passage, using the independence of multi-core fiber multichannel, improves
System sensitivity and measurement range, and can adjust transmitting-receiving structure according to the actual requirements, the flexibility with physical layer；Utilize
The passivity of multi-core fiber and electromagnetic susceptibility composite, improve anti-electromagnetic interference capability, the safety and reliability of system.
(2) preferably, based on magnetostrictive effect, under suitable boundary condition, electromagnetic susceptibility material is to direct current telecommunications
The displacement of fixation number can be produced, the mechanical oscillation of same frequency can be produced to AC signal, therefore the system can measure direct current letter
Number, also can Measuring Alternating Current Signal；This system is combined with other composites, the measurement of other physical parameters can also be realized,
The inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics is such as utilized, the measurement to voltage signal can be achieved.
(3) preferably, electromagnetic susceptibility composite is less than 10mm with multi-core fiber end face distance, and angle is less than 5 °, tied
Ensure the accuracy of measurement while structure is compact, the present system for being reaches best effort effect.
(4) preferably, because LED light source is easy to use, small volume, cost are low, long lifespan, working stability, it is more suitable for
In sensor-based system.PIN diode manufacturing process is simple, and cost is low, and operating voltage is low, and noise robustness is good, in being applied to, short distance
From detection system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is multi-core fiber end view drawing provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the linear magnetostriction rate of embodiment offer with external magnetic field strength variation relation curve synoptic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the received optical power of embodiment offer with reflecting surface displacement variation relation curve synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system, including：
Optical emitting module 1, optical signal modulation module 2, multicore optical fiber coupler 3, multi-core fiber 4, electromagnetic susceptibility are multiple
Condensation material 5, photodetector 6 and electronic signal processing module 7；
Multicore optical fiber coupler 3 includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core fiber 4 includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；
The output end of optical emitting module 1 passes through optical signal modulation module 2 and n single of multicore optical fiber coupler 3
Parallel branch connects, 1≤n ＜ N；The intrinsic insertion loss of whole device is less than 2dB；
Other (N-n) individual single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler 3 passes through the photodetector 6 and the telecommunications
The input of number processing module 7 is connected；
One end of the multi-core fiber 4 is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler 3, the other end of multi-core fiber 4
Certain distance is kept with the reflecting surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5, the electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5 is connected to power train to be measured
In system.
In embodiments of the present invention, electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5 receives the DC signal generation of power system to be measured admittedly
Positioning moves, and the AC signal for receiving power system to be measured produces the mechanical oscillation of same frequency, electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5 and multicore
Fiber end face distance is less than 10mm, and angle is less than 5 °.
When the electromagnetic susceptibility composite is connected in power system to be measured, magnetic field is produced by electric field to be measured, in magnetic
Under field action, ferromagnetic crystal is magnetized, and macroscopically shows as elongating or shortening for linear dimension, i.e. linear magnetostriction effect.
For DC signal to be measured, D.C. magnetic field can be produced through electromagnetic material such as coil etc., the electromagnetic susceptibility composite is straight
Certain displacement is produced under stream magnetic fields；AC signal can produce alternating magnetic field, the electromagnetic susceptibility composite occur anti-
Elongate or shorten again, so as to which electric signal to be measured is changed into micro-displacement.Because linear magnetostriction direction is unrelated with magnetic direction,
The vibration frequency of the electromagnetic susceptibility composite is unrelated with magnetic direction under AC signal to be measured effect, therefore vibration frequency
For twice of measured signal, i.e. frequency-doubled effect；DC signal or permanent magnet can be utilized to produce one suitably in practice
Constant bias magnetic field, make vibration frequency identical with measured signal.
During the micro-displacement of electromagnetic susceptibility composite, mainly due to being anti-when the end face of the electromagnetic susceptibility composite
Face is penetrated, when reflection line position changes, the light field on outgoing optical transport to the reflecting surface of the multi-core fiber transmission channel end face
Distribution can change, and the optical field distribution through transmission and reflection to multi-core fiber receiving channel end can also change, so as to
Change received optical power, when the timing of other specification one of sensor-based system, received optical power size are only compound with the electromagnetic susceptibility
The displacement of material is relevant, therefore measurement received optical power can just obtain the displacement of the electromagnetic susceptibility composite, so as to
Information about power to be measured is measured indirectly.
In embodiments of the present invention, at work, optical emitting module 1 produces light beam via optical signal modulation mould to system
Block 2 is modulated generation flashlight, and n single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler 3 connects with n fibre core of multi-core fiber 4
Connect and transmission signal light, flashlight are emitted to the surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5 in the end face of multi-core fiber 4 and reflected, multicore
Fiber end face schematic diagram receives reflected light, and and multicore optical fiber coupler referring to Fig. 2, (N-n) in addition individual fibre core of multi-core fiber 4
3 (N-n) in addition individual single parallel branch connection transmission reflected light to photodetector 6 carries out opto-electronic conversion, obtained telecommunications
Number handled through electronic signal processing module 7 and to obtain received optical power, utilize received optical power to obtain consolidating for electromagnetic susceptibility composite 5
Displacement caused by positioning shifting or mechanical oscillation, power train to be measured is obtained with reference to the magnetostrictive effect of electromagnetic susceptibility composite
The information about power to be measured of system.
In embodiments of the present invention, electronic signal processing module 7 includes：Amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase sensitive detection electricity
Road, low pass filter, analog-digital converter and host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter carry out preliminary to electric signal
Amplification and denoising, enter horizontal lock amplification to signal frequency through phase-sensitive detection circuit, then most of make an uproar is filtered out by low-pass filter circuit
After sound, data signal is converted to by analog-digital converter and is handled in host computer processing module, obtains received optical power.
In embodiments of the present invention, host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing
Module, data acquisition circuit obtain data signal, are transmitted by data transmission circuit and obtain receiving light work(into data processing module
Rate.
In embodiments of the present invention, optical emitting module 1 is incoherent light source, including：LED, wideband light source and ASE light
Source.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that optical emitting module 1 is LED.
In embodiments of the present invention, optical signal modulation module 2 includes drive circuit and modulation circuit, and drive circuit is used to limit
System passes through the current output signal light of light source, the modulation circuit flashlight stable for reception signal light output.
In embodiments of the present invention, photodetector 6 is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diodes.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that photodetector 6 is PIN photodiode.
Electromagnetic susceptibility composite is connected in power system to be measured, due to linear magnetostriction effect, its reflecting surface position
Shifting amount changes with curent change to be measured；Reflecting surface displacement can be modulated to optical fiber receiving power simultaneously, be connect by analysis
The information such as electric current to be measured can be obtained by receiving power.Linear magnetostriction effect, which can be used, can use magnetostrictivity magnetostrictivity λ
Represent
Δ l is length of material variable quantity under magnetic fields in formula, and l is length of material, and typical magnetostrictivity is with outer magnetic
Field intensity variation relation curve such as Fig. 3, it can be seen that as magnetic field intensity increases, magnetostrictivity tends to be full after being continuously increased
With.Typical received optical power is as shown in Figure 4 with reflecting surface displacement variation relation curve, it can be seen that when d very littles, reflection
The reception fibre core of light field and multi-core fiber does not occur simultaneously, and does not receive luminous power, that is, produces dead band；As distance d increases, receive
To luminous power drastically become big with the increase of overlapping region area, this intervals linear degree is preferable, high sensitivity, is applied to
Measure micro-displacement caused by material in this sensor-based system；Most light can be received when reflection light field, which is completely covered, receives fibre core
Power, receive luminous power and progressively reach maximum therewith；As distance d continues to increase, reflection light field light intensity reduces, and both hand over
Folded area is constant, causes the luminous power for being coupled into reception optical fiber to reduce.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system, it is characterised in that including：Optical emitting module (1), optical signal modulation module (2), multicore optical fiber coupler (3), multi-core fiber (4), electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5), photoelectricity Detector (6) and electronic signal processing module (7)；The multicore optical fiber coupler (3) includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core fiber (4) includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；The output end of the optical emitting module (1) passes through optical signal modulation module (2) and the n of multicore optical fiber coupler (3) Individual single parallel branch connection, 1≤n ＜ N；Other (N-n) individual single parallel branch of the multicore optical fiber coupler (3) by the photodetector (6) with it is described The input of electronic signal processing module (7) is connected；One end of the multi-core fiber (4) is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler (3), multi-core fiber (4) it is another End and the reflecting surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) keep certain distance, and the electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) is connected to be measured In power system.
- 2. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The DC signal that electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) receives power system to be measured produces fixed displacement, receives power system to be measured AC signal produce the mechanical oscillation of same frequency, electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) and multi-core fiber end face distance are less than 10mm, Angle is less than 5 °.
- 3. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described At work, optical emitting module (1) produces light beam and is modulated generation signal via optical signal modulation module (2) system Light, n single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler (3) is connected with n fibre core of multi-core fiber (4) and transmission signal light, Flashlight is emitted to electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) surface in multi-core fiber (4) end face and reflected, multi-core fiber (4) it is another (N-n) individual fibre core receives reflected light outside, and is connected biography with (N-n) in addition individual single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler (3) Defeated reflected light to photodetector (6) carries out opto-electronic conversion, and obtained electric signal is handled through electronic signal processing module (7) and connect Luminous power is received, utilizes position caused by the fixed displacement of received optical power acquisition electromagnetic susceptibility composite (5) or mechanical oscillation Move, the information about power to be measured of power system to be measured is obtained with reference to the magnetostrictive effect of electromagnetic susceptibility composite.
- 4. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described Electronic signal processing module (7) includes：Amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase-sensitive detection circuit, low pass filter, analog-digital converter And host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter carry out tentatively amplification and denoising to electric signal, through phase sensitive detection electricity Horizontal lock amplification is entered on road to signal frequency, then after filtering out most of noise by low-pass filter circuit, is converted to by analog-digital converter Data signal is simultaneously handled in host computer processing module, obtains received optical power.
- 5. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described Host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing module, and data acquisition circuit obtains numeral Signal, transmitted by data transmission circuit and received optical power is obtained into data processing module.
- 6. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as described in claim 1-5 is any, its feature exist In, the optical emitting module (1) is incoherent light source, including：LED, wideband light source and ASE light sources.
- 7. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described Optical emitting module (1) is LED.
- 8. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as described in claim 1-5 is any, its feature exist In the optical signal modulation module (2) includes drive circuit and modulation circuit, and drive circuit is used to limit the electric current by light source Output signal light, modulation circuit are used for the stable flashlight of reception signal light output.
- 9. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as described in claim 1-5 is any, its feature exist In the photodetector (6) is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diodes.
- A kind of 10. reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that institute It is PIN photodiode to state photodetector (6).
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| CN112762861A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 聊城大学 | Multi-core optical fiber sensing assembly and multi-core optical fiber sensing system |
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