CN106291039B - Magneto-opitcal current transducer - Google Patents
Magneto-opitcal current transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106291039B CN106291039B CN201610594808.6A CN201610594808A CN106291039B CN 106291039 B CN106291039 B CN 106291039B CN 201610594808 A CN201610594808 A CN 201610594808A CN 106291039 B CN106291039 B CN 106291039B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
- G01R15/245—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to optical current sensor fields, and in particular to a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer.Magneto-opitcal current transducer of the invention includes: laser, annular coupler, polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, one-to-two optical fiber splitter, magneto-optic module, ring concentrator, differential demodulator；The magneto-optic module includes collimator, polarizing film, the wave plate of λ/4, cuboid optical glass and both ends magnetizer.Magneto-opitcal current transducer of the invention, based on pole to surface magneto-optical kerr effect, cooperate with differential demodulator, light polarization deflection angle relative value is reflected to magnetized surface by detection pole, the size for detecting power frequency alternating current in power transmission line indirectly, improves the precision of detection and the stability of device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical current sensor fields, and in particular to a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer.
Background technique
With the continuous continuous improvement increased with network voltage of power transmission capabilities, high pressure, supergrid are faced, is passed
The induction structure of system gradually exposes many defects, and such as: insulation measures are complicated, bulky, there are the wind of explosion
Nearly, anti-electromagnetic capability is poor, measurement accuracy is low etc., is increasingly substituted by more small and exquisite safe The Rogowski Optical Current Transformer.Photo-electric
Current transformer is broadly divided into 3 class of active type, passive and full fiber type.
It is luminous that active type photoelectric current inductor is high voltage side current signal is passed to electric signal by sampling coil
Element and become optical signal, then low potential side is transmitted to by optical fiber, carries out amplifying output after inversion changes electric signal into.High-pressure side electricity
The power source of sub- device is in optical functions mode, bus current power supply mode, battery power supply mode and ultrasonic-frequency power supply supplier of electricity
Formula.Active type is the structure of relatively early stage, its advantage is that structure is simple, long-time stability are preferable, in modern electronic devices reliability
High, performance is easily achieved the practicability product that precision is high, output is big under conditions of stablizing, the disadvantage is that sampled signal top structure
More complex, sensing head is located under high-voltage great-current environment vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, easily damaged.
The sensing head part of passive photoelectric current inductor does not need power supply.Sensing head common usage draws magneto-optic
Effect principle is made, and the polarised light that the light source in low potential issues passes to high-pressure side through optical fiber, and by tested electric current
In the magnetic field of generation.The plane of polarization of polarised light rotates in magneto-optic glass, i.e. current signal Polarization Modulation light wave.Belt current
The light wave of signal passes to ground potential side through optical fiber, amplifies output after light-electricity transformation.Passive structure is more to contain in recent years
Capable, its advantage is that structure is simple, and completely eliminates traditional electromagnetic induction element, no magnetic saturation problem is given full play to
The characteristics of photo-electricity mutual-inductor, especially high-pressure side Powerless electronic device, no temperature stability issues, mutual inductor service life are held
Easily guarantee.The disadvantage is that optical device manufacture difficulty is big, the high-precision of measurement is difficult to, and there is also ask for long-time stability
Topic.
Practical full fiber type photoelectric current inductor is also passive, and only sensing head is the ring-type sense by optical fiber fabrication
Device is answered, remaining is just the same with passive.The advantages of full fiber type photoelectric current inductor is that transducing head structure is most simple, than
Passive is easily fabricated, disadvantage such as optical fiber itself and the elasto-optical effects such as optical fiber coiling, linear birefrigence and other luminous effects etc.,
Influence the precision and stability of measurement.
There is utilization with upper type, some hanging net operations, but to not obtained on China's electric power network so far
Success promotes and applies.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention, saves modulator, based on pole to
Surface magneto-optical kerr effect detects power transmission line by detecting polarization deflection angle relative value of the pole to magnetized surface reflected light indirectly
The size of middle power frequency alternating current, improves the precision of detection and the stability of device.
In a first aspect, a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention, comprising: laser, annular coupler, polarization-maintaining pass
Lose fibre, one-to-two optical fiber splitter, magneto-optic module, ring concentrator, differential demodulator；The magneto-optic module includes the first collimation
Device, the first polarizing film, the first wave plate of λ/4, the second collimator, the second polarizing film, the 2nd wave plate of λ/4 and cuboid optical glass；
Two ends of the setting there are two full-reflector, on the long axis direction of the cuboid optical glass in the cuboid optical glass
Face is respectively arranged with magnetizer, and the magnetic direction generated in the reflecting surface of the magnetizer and the ring concentrator is vertical；It is described to swash
Light device is connect by the annular coupler with one end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, the linear polarization side of the laser output light
To, the other end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber and the one-to-two light at 45 ° with the fast axle or slow axis of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber
The single fiber port of fine splitter connects, and the first branch port of the one-to-two optical fiber splitter connects first collimator, described
Second branch port of one-to-two optical fiber splitter connects the second collimator, the fast axle of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, described first
Polarizing film polarization direction, the first λ/4 wave plate fast axle three direction are parallel, the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, described
Two polarizing film polarization directions, the 2nd λ/4 wave plate slow axis three direction are parallel；Partially through the first collimator, described first
Shake piece, the first λ/4 wave plate, the cuboid optical glass, the full-reflector, the first optical path of the magnetizer and warp
Second collimator, second polarizing film, the 2nd λ/4 wave plate, the cuboid optical glass, the total reflection
Device, the second optical path of the magnetizer are symmetrical and be conjugated；First optical path and the second optical path light are anti-through magnetizer respectively
It is returned after penetrating along respective original optical path；The circumferential output end of the annular coupler is connect with the differential demodulator；The difference
Point demodulator for isolated from the light that the circumferential output end of the annular coupler exports fast axial component and with slow axis to
Component, and Difference Solution is done to the fast axial component and the slow axial component and mediates reason.
Magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention is made to surface magneto-optical kerr effect using the pole of magnetizer, is belonged to
Passive photoelectric current inductor, not by high-voltage electromagnetic interference or the puzzlement of high-voltage breakdown；Using symmetric doublet optical path and fast axle
To the processing mode with slow axis to difference, unstable laser light source output power, variation of environment temperature, extraneous shake are significantly improved
The influence to measurement accuracy such as dynamic, optical device Parameters variation；Compact, can independent disassemblying structure be conducive to engineer application and
Maintenance.
Preferably, the magnetizer is thin magnetic plate or magnetic film with linear magnetization characteristic.
Preferably, the material of the ring concentrator is the magnetic material of nanometer high permeability.
Preferably, the ring concentrator includes two full symmetric collection magnetic semi-rings, one end pair of two collection magnetic semi-rings
It connects, the magneto-optic module is installed in space between other end end.
Preferably, the trapezoidal shape in end that the collection magnetic semi-ring does not dock.
Second aspect, a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention, comprising: laser, annular coupler, polarization-maintaining pass
Lose fibre, magneto-optic module, ring concentrator, differential demodulator；The magneto-optic module includes collimator, cuboid optical glass；It is described
One end of the long axis direction of cuboid optical glass is provided with magnetizer, and the other end is provided with full-reflector；The magnetizer
Reflecting surface is vertical with the magnetic direction in the ring concentrator；The folder of the long axis of the full-reflector and the cuboid optical glass
Angle is 45 °；The laser is connect by the fiber coupler with one end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, the laser
The output of the linear polarization of the output light laser consistent or described with the direction of the fast axle of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber or slow axis
The direction angle at 45 ° of the fast axle or slow axis of the linear polarization of light and the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber；The polarization-maintaining transmission fiber
The other end connect with the collimator, the light being emitted through the collimator enters perpendicular to the long axis of the cuboid optical glass
It is incident upon on the full-reflector, magnetizer described in vertical incidence, light are reflected through the magnetizer after the direction of propagation of light changes 90 °
It is returned afterwards along original optical path；The circumferential output end of the annular coupler is connect with the differential demodulator；The differential demodulator
For isolated from the light that the circumferential output end exports fast axial component and with slow axial component, and to the fast axial direction point
Amount and the slow axial component do difference processing.
Magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention, the pole based on magnetizer are made to surface magneto-optical kerr effect, belong to
Passive photoelectric current inductor, not by high-voltage electromagnetic interference or the puzzlement of high-voltage breakdown；Using the scheme of single channel light, use
Device is less, more compact structure；Help to improve unstable laser light source output power, variation of environment temperature, external shock,
The influence to measurement accuracy such as optical device Parameters variation.Preferably, the magnetizer is the thin magnetic with linear magnetization characteristic
Piece or magnetic film.
Preferably, the material of the ring concentrator is the magnetic material of nanometer high permeability.
Preferably, the ring concentrator includes two full symmetric collection magnetic semi-rings, and one end of two collection magnetic semi-rings has
Seam connects, and the magneto-optic module is installed in space between other end end.
Preferably, the hanging trapezoidal shape in end of the collection magnetic semi-ring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural block diagram of magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the application scenarios of magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the structural block diagram of another kind magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the structural block diagram of differential demodulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
In attached drawing, 1- laser；2- annular coupler；3- polarization-maintaining transmission fiber；4- one-to-two optical fiber splitter；5- magneto-optic
Module；6- ring concentrator；7- differential demodulator；8- power transmission line；9- host；
50- collimator；51- first collimator；The first polarizing film of 52-；The first wave plate of λ/4 of 53-；The second collimator of 54-；
The second polarizing film of 55-；The 2nd wave plate of λ/4 of 56-；57- cuboid optical glass；58- full-reflector；59- magnetizer.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment of the attached drawing to technical solution of the present invention.Following embodiment is only used for
Clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention, therefore be intended only as example, and cannot be used as a limitation and limit protection of the invention
Range.
It should be noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical term or scientific term used in this application should be this hair
The ordinary meaning that bright one of ordinary skill in the art are understood.
Kerr magnetooptical effect refers to the magnetized state of ferromagnetism sample (such as iron, cobalt, nickel and its alloy) to anti-from its surface
The influence of the polarization state for the light penetrated, when incident light is linearly polarized light, the magnetism of sample can cause the rotation of reflected light plane of polarization
Turn the variation with ellipse inclined rate.
When a branch of linearly polarized light is reflected from the sample surfaces magnetized, the plane of polarization of reflected light is relative to the inclined of incident light
Vibration face has turned over a low-angle, referred to as kerr rotation angle θk, meanwhile, the ellipse inclined rate of reflected light also changes, this variation
Referred to as Kerr ellipticity εk.Kerr rotation angle θkWith Kerr ellipticity εkIt is all the function of magnetization M.By detecting θkOr εk's
Variation can deduce the variation of magnetization M.
Different relative to the configuration status of the plane of incidence according to magnetic field, Kerr magnetooptical effect can be divided into three kinds: pole is to Ke Er
Effect, longitudinal Kerr effect and transverse Kerr effect.
1, pole is to Kerr effect: the direction of magnetization is perpendicular to sample surfaces and is parallel to the plane of incidence.Under normal conditions, pole gram
You increase the intensity of signal with the reduction of incidence angle, and in 0 degree of incidence angle, (vertical incidence) reaches maximum.
2, longitudinal Kerr effect: the direction of magnetization is parallel to the plane of incidence in sample film surface.The intensity of vertical Ke Er signal
Generally reduce with the reduction of incidence angle, is zero in 0 degree of incidence angle.Under normal conditions, either Ke Er in Ke Er signal is indulged
Rotation angle or Kerr ellipticity will an order of magnitude smaller than pole Ke Er signal.The exactly spy of this reason longitudinal direction Kerr effect
Survey comes difficult more than pole to Kerr effect, but for many film samples, easy magnetic axis is often parallel to sample surfaces, only
There is the sample under the configuration of longitudinal Kerr effect to be just easy to reach saturation.
3, transverse Kerr effect: the direction of magnetization is in sample film surface, and perpendicular to the plane of incidence.It is anti-in transverse Kerr effect
The polarization state for penetrating light does not change.This is because the direction of optical electric field and intensity of magnetization vector product does not have forever in this configuration
The perpendicular component with optical propagation direction.In transverse Kerr effect, only enter in p-polarization light (polarization direction is parallel to the plane of incidence)
Under the conditions of penetrating, just there is the variation of the reflectivity of a very little.
Magneto-opitcal current transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is made using the pole of magnetic material to Kerr effect, be more than
Most advantageous a kind of mode in three kinds of Kerr effects.
Show Keer rotation and the ellipse inclined rate of reflected light, Magnetized Material Surface field according to the theoretical research of Kerr magnetooptical effect
Intensity is directly proportional, measures magnetic field strength indirectly by measuring Keer rotation.Its mathematical model measured is attributed to Keer rotation θk=K*
(Iq-Is)/(Iq+Is).Wherein: K is constant related with system structure, therefore referred to as Kerr coefficient；Iq is the polarization of fast axle
Component intensity, Is are the polarized component intensity of slow axis.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: laser 1, annular coupling
Device 2, polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, one-to-two optical fiber splitter 4, magneto-optic module 5, ring concentrator 6, differential demodulator 7；Magneto-optic module 5 is wrapped
Include first collimator 51, the first polarizing film 52, the first wave plate 53 of λ/4, the second collimator 54, the second polarizing film 55, the 2nd wave of λ/4
Piece 56 and cuboid optical glass 57；There are two full-reflector 58, cuboid optical glass for setting in cuboid optical glass 57
Two end faces on 57 long axis direction are respectively arranged with magnetizer 59, the magnetic generated in the reflecting surface and ring concentrator of magnetizer 59
Field direction is vertical；Laser 1 is connect by annular coupler 2 with one end of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, the line of 1 output light of laser
Polarization direction and the fast axle or slow axis of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 are at 45 °, the other end and one-to-two optical fiber point of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3
The single fiber port of road device 4 connects, and the first branch port of one-to-two optical fiber splitter 4 connects first collimator 51, one-to-two light
Second branch port of fine splitter 4 connects the second collimator 52, the fast axle of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, the first polarizing film polarization 52,
First wave plate of λ/4,53 fast axle three direction is parallel, and the slow axis of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, the second polarizing film 55 are polarized to, the 2nd λ/4
56 slow axis three direction of wave plate is parallel；Through first collimator 51, the first polarizing film 52, the first wave plate of λ/4 53, rectangular bulk optics glass
Glass 57, full-reflector 58, the first optical path of magnetizer 59 and through the second collimator 54, the second polarizing film 55, the 2nd wave plate of λ/4
56, cuboid optical glass 57, full-reflector 58, the second optical path of magnetizer 59 are symmetrical and be conjugated；First optical path and the second light
Road light returns after the reflection of magnetizer 59 along respective original optical path respectively；The circumferential output end and differential ference spiral of annular coupler 2
Device 7 connects；Differential demodulator 7 for isolated from the light that the circumferential output end of annular coupler 2 export fast axial component with
With slow axial component, and Difference Solution is done to fast axial component and slow axial component and mediates reason.
Wherein, the reflecting surface of magnetizer 59 is formed by polishing, and burnishing surface is tightly attached to the long axis of cuboid optical glass 57
On end face on direction, through full-reflector 58 reflection after light vertical incidence to magnetizer 59 reflecting surface, to meet surface pole
To the condition of Kerr magnetooptical effect.
As shown in Fig. 2, above-mentioned magneto-opitcal current transducer in use, power transmission line 8 pass through ring concentrator 6, once power transmission line 8 contains
When having alternation power current, induction alternating magnetic field is accordingly generated in ring concentrator 6, and be placed on the magneto-optic of 6 gap location of ring concentrator
Module 5 formed closed magnetic circuit, while two magnetizers, 59 surface pole to Kerr magnetooptical effect because magnetic direction is opposite each other.Magnetizer
59 through magnetizer 59 because reflecting by the effect of magnetic field strength magnetization modulation and surface pole to Kerr magnetooptical effect in ring concentrator 6
Left-handed (or dextrorotation) elliptically polarized light, distinguish analyzing through polarizing film and go out fast axle (or slow axis) polarized component, the polarized component
Intensity is modulated by magnetic field strength in ring concentrator.The polarization deflection direction of the light reflected through magnetizer 59 is by magnetic field in ring concentrator 6
The modulation of intensity, that is, the elliptically polarized light long axis deflection angle reflected carry the strength information of additional alternating magnetic field, additional alternation magnetic
The strength information of field has reacted the information of the power frequency alternating magnetic field intensity in ring concentrator 6.Therefore, the two-way reflected through magnetizer 59
Light has the information of the power frequency alternating magnetic field intensity of power transmission line 8, and the power frequency alternating magnetic field intensity and the electric current in power transmission line are strong
It spends directly proportional.
The course of work of above-mentioned magneto-opitcal current transducer are as follows: the light that laser 1 exports enters polarization-maintaining by annular coupler 2
Transmission fiber 3, the direction of the linearly polarized light of 1 output light of laser and the fast axle or slow axis of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 are at 45 °, polarization-maintaining
The component of fast axis direction and the component of slow-axis direction are generated in transmission fiber 3；Light is transferred to measurement now by polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3
, by one-to-two optical fiber splitter 4, magneto-optic module 5 will be inputted after being divided into two-way light by light all the way, formed fast axial all the way and one
Road slow axis to light；The parallel light of this two-way transmission direction vertically enters after collimator, polarizing film, the wave plate of λ/4 simultaneously respectively
It is mapped in cuboid optical glass, after the reflection of full-reflector 58, the direction of propagation of two-way light changes 90 °, and goes opposite to each other
To 59 surface of magnetizer, the two-way light after the total reflection of 59 surface of magnetizer continues to be back to along respective original optical path vertical incidence
One-to-two optical fiber splitter 4；The two-way photosynthesis of return light all the way is passed through polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 by one-to-two optical fiber splitter 4
Annular coupler 2 is sent back, and is exported by the circumferential output end of annular coupler 2 to differential demodulator 7.From annular coupler
The light of 2 circumferential output end output include fast axial and slow axis to component, fast axial and slow axis to component have and quilt
The linear magnetic field strength information of size of current in power transmission line 8 is detected, passes through the component to both direction and carries out difference
Demodulation, processing, output are alternating current amount in power transmission line.
Magneto-opitcal current transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, based on the pole of magnetizer to surface magneto-optical kerr effect system
At, belong to passive photoelectric current inductor, because use symmetric doublet optical path mode, significantly improve laser light source output power not
The influence to measurement accuracy such as stabilization, the variation of environment temperature, external shock, optical device Parameters variation.
Laser 1 and differential demodulator 7 are integrated in inside host 9.
How many kind of the implementation of differential demodulator 7, the embodiment of the present invention provide following preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 4,
The light all the way of input is divided into the identical two-way light of property by one-to-two optical fiber splitter, two-way light is respectively through polarizing film
Afterwards, fast axial component is isolated all the way, isolates slow axial component all the way, converts optical signal into electric signal through photoelectric device；
Then the fast axial component after photoelectric conversion is added with slow axial component, subtracted each other, and obtained result is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion；
Signal after analog-to-digital conversion is handled by derivation, while carrying out the non-liner revision of nonlinear temperature compensation, Kerr constanr K
Etc., it realizes the linearisation of measurement, realizes the different requirements with measurement accuracy, stability under scene.
Magnetizer 59 preferably has thin magnetic plate or magnetic film made of linear magnetization characteristic, nano magnetic material, has good
Magnetize linear property, approximate zero magnetic hysteresis, zero coercive rate well, while there is high reflecting rate.Magnetizer 59 is located at cuboid optical glass 5
On two end faces of long axis direction, insertion magnetization body technology production is heated by optical glass or is splashed by magnetic film by vacuum
Penetrate coating process production.Magnetizer 59 is preferably nanometer magnetic conduction magnetic material.
Ring concentrator 6 is made of the magnetic material of nanometer high permeability, have well magnetize linear property, approximate zero magnetic hysteresis,
Zero coercive rate.As shown in Fig. 2, ring concentrator 6 is made of two full symmetric collection magnetic semi-rings, this structure makes ring concentrator 6 can
Directly power transmission line 8 is assembled or is disassembled, does not need to assemble ring concentrator 6 by disassembly power transmission line 8；Two collection magnetic semi-rings assemble
Afterwards, wherein a joint is docked completely, in addition magneto-optic module 5 is installed, magnetic circuit is still in closed loop states at a play movement；Collect magnetic
The trapezoidal shape in the hanging end of ring 6, the structure help to be conducive to subtract further by magnetic field concentration in magnetic flakes or magnetic film
Less because of other magneto-optic effects such as section influence of the Morton effect to other optical devices in magneto-optic module 5, measurement is further increased
Accuracy and sensitivity.
In order to further decrease the volume of current transformer, the especially volume of magneto-optic module, the embodiment of the present invention is also mentioned
Another magneto-opitcal current transducer is supplied, as shown in Figure 3, comprising: laser 1, annular coupler 2, polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, magnetic
Optical module 5, ring concentrator 6, differential demodulator 7；Magneto-optic module 5 includes collimator 50, cuboid optical glass 57；Rectangular bulk optics
One end of the long axis direction of glass 57 is provided with magnetizer 59, and the other end is provided with full-reflector 58；The reflecting surface of magnetizer 59
It is vertical with the magnetic direction generated in ring concentrator 6；The angle of the long axis of full-reflector 58 and cuboid optical glass 57 is 45 °；
Laser 1 connect by fiber coupler 2 with one end of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3, the linear polarization of the light of the output of laser 1 and
The fast axle or slow axis of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 are consistent or angle at 45 °, the other end of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 are connect with collimator 50；
The emergent light of collimator 50 is incident on full-reflector 58 perpendicular to the long axis of cuboid optical glass 57, the direction of propagation of light
Vertical incidence magnetizer after changing 90 °, light return after magnetizer reflects along original optical path；The circumferential output end of annular coupler 2
It is connect with differential demodulator 7；Differential demodulator 7 for isolated from the light that circumferential output end export fast axial component and and slowly
Axial component, and difference processing is done to fast axial component and slow axial component.
Wherein, the reflecting surface of magnetizer 59 is formed by polishing, and reflecting surface is tightly attached to the long axis of cuboid optical glass 57
On end face on direction, through full-reflector 58 reflection after light vertical incidence to magnetizer 59 reflecting surface, to meet surface pole
To the condition of Kerr magnetooptical effect.
As shown in Fig. 2, above-mentioned magneto-opitcal current transducer in use, power transmission line 8 pass through ring concentrator 6, once power transmission line 8 contains
When having alternation power current, induction alternating magnetic field is accordingly generated in ring concentrator 6, and be placed on the magnetic of the gap location of ring concentrator 6
Optical module 5 forms closed magnetic circuit.Based on pole to surface magneto-optical kerr effect, the polarization direction of the light reflected through magnetizer 59 it is inclined
Turn the modulation by magnetic field strength in ring concentrator 6, that is, the elliptically polarized light long axis deflection angle reflected carries the power frequency in ring concentrator 6
The strength information of alternating magnetic field.
The course of work of above-mentioned magneto-opitcal current transducer are as follows: the light that laser 1 exports enters polarization-maintaining by annular coupler 2
The direction of transmission fiber 3, the linearly polarized light of 1 output light of laser is consistent with the direction of the fast axle of polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 or slow axis
Or angle at 45 °, light are transferred to the magneto-optic module 5 of measure field by polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3；Vertically enter after collimator 50
It is mapped in cuboid optical glass 57, after the reflection of full-reflector 58, the direction of propagation of light changes 90 °, and vertical incidence is to magnetic
Change 59 surface of body, the light after the total reflection of 59 surface of magnetizer continues to return along original optical path；Lead to after the light collimator 50 of return
It crosses polarization-maintaining transmission fiber 3 and sends back annular coupler 2, and exported by the circumferential output end of annular coupler 2 to differential ference spiral
Device 7.The light exported from the circumferential output end of annular coupler 2 include fast axial and slow axis to component, fast axial and slow axis to
Component have the magnetic field strength information linear with the size of current in detected power transmission line 8, by two sides
To component carry out difference mode calculate alternating current amount in power transmission line 8.
Magneto-opitcal current transducer provided by the invention is made to surface magneto-optical kerr effect using the pole of magnetizer, is belonged to
Passive photoelectric current inductor, not by high-voltage electromagnetic interference or the puzzlement of high-voltage breakdown, volume is light and handy, and avoids linear
The birefringent influence to system accuracy；Using the scheme of single channel light, the device used is less, more compact structure；Using fast axial direction
The processing mode of component and slow axial component difference, helps to improve that laser light source output power is unstable, change of environment temperature
The influence to measurement accuracy such as change, external shock, optical device Parameters variation.
Laser 1 and differential demodulator 7 are integrated in inside host 9.
How many kind of the implementation of differential demodulator 7, the embodiment of the present invention provide following preferred embodiment: passing through optical splitter
If Amici prism isolates fast axial component all the way and all the way slow axial component from the light of input, above-mentioned two-way light is through phototube
Part is converted into electric signal；Then the knot for the fast axial component after photoelectric conversion being added with slow axial component, subtracting each other, and obtaining
Fruit carries out analog-to-digital conversion；Signal after analog-to-digital conversion is handled by derivation, while carrying out nonlinear temperature compensation, Ke Erchang
The non-liner revision etc. of number K, realizes the linearisation of measurement, to realize that realization is different with measurement accuracy, stabilization under scene
The requirement of property.Magnetizer 59 preferably has thin magnetic plate or magnetic film made of linear magnetization characteristic, nano magnetic material, has good
Magnetize linear property, approximate zero magnetic hysteresis, zero coercive rate well, while there is high reflecting rate.Magnetizer 59 is located at cuboid optical glass 5
On two end faces of long axis direction, insertion magnetization body technology production is heated by optical glass or is splashed by magnetic film by vacuum
Penetrate coating process production.Magnetizer 59 is preferably nanometer magnetic conduction magnetic material.
Ring concentrator 6 is made of the magnetic material of nanometer high permeability, have well magnetize linear property, approximate zero magnetic hysteresis,
Zero coercive rate.As shown in Fig. 2, ring concentrator 6 is made of two full symmetric collection magnetic semi-rings, this structure makes ring concentrator 6 can
Directly power transmission line 8 is assembled or is disassembled, does not need to assemble ring concentrator 6 by disassembly power transmission line 8；Two collection magnetic semi-rings assemble
Afterwards, wherein a joint is docked completely, in addition magneto-optic module 5 is installed, magnetic circuit is still in closed loop states at a play movement；Collect magnetic
The trapezoidal shape in the hanging end of ring 6, the structure help to be conducive to subtract further by magnetic field concentration in magnetic flakes or magnetic film
Less because of other magneto-optic effects such as section influence of the Morton effect to other optical devices in magneto-optic module 5, measurement is further increased
Accuracy and sensitivity.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme should all cover within the scope of the claims and the description of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer characterized by comprising laser, annular coupler, polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, one point
Two optical fiber splitters, magneto-optic module, ring concentrator, differential demodulator；
The magneto-optic module include first collimator, the first polarizing film, the first wave plate of λ/4, the second collimator, the second polarizing film,
2nd wave plate of λ/4 and cuboid optical glass；There are two full-reflector, the cuboids for setting in the cuboid optical glass
Two end faces on the long axis direction of optical glass are respectively arranged with magnetizer, the reflecting surface of the magnetizer and the ring concentrator
The magnetic direction of middle generation is vertical；
The laser is connect by the annular coupler with one end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, the laser output light
Linear polarization and the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber fast axle or slow axis it is at 45 °, the other end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber and institute
The single fiber port connection of one-to-two optical fiber splitter is stated, the first branch port connection first of the one-to-two optical fiber splitter is quasi-
Straight device, the second branch port the second collimator of connection of the one-to-two optical fiber splitter, the fast axle of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber,
First polarizing film polarization direction, the first λ/4 wave plate fast axle three direction are parallel, the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber it is slow
Axis, second polarizing film polarization direction, the 2nd λ/4 wave plate slow axis three direction are parallel；
Through the first collimator, first polarizing film, the first λ/4 wave plate, the cuboid optical glass, described complete
Reflector, the magnetizer the first optical path and through second collimator, second polarizing film, the 2nd λ/4 wave plate,
The cuboid optical glass, the full-reflector, the second optical path of the magnetizer are symmetrical and be conjugated；First optical path and
The second optical path light returns after magnetizer reflects along respective original optical path respectively；
The circumferential output end of the annular coupler is connect with the differential demodulator；
The differential demodulator is for isolating fast axial component from the light that the circumferential output end of the annular coupler exports
With with slow axial component, and Difference Solution is done to the fast axial component and the slow axial component and mediates reason.
2. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the magnetizer is with linear magnetization spy
The thin magnetic plate or magnetic film of property.
3. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the ring concentrator is that nanometer height is led
The magnetic material of magnetic rate.
4. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ring concentrator includes two full symmetric
Collection magnetic semi-ring, one end docking of two collection magnetic semi-rings, the magneto-optic module is installed in the space between other end end.
5. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the end that the collection magnetic semi-ring does not dock is in
Trapezoidal shape.
6. a kind of magneto-opitcal current transducer characterized by comprising laser, annular coupler, polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, magneto-optic
Module, ring concentrator, differential demodulator；
The magneto-optic module includes collimator, cuboid optical glass；One end of the long axis direction of the cuboid optical glass
It is provided with magnetizer, the other end is provided with full-reflector；Magnetic direction in the reflecting surface of the magnetizer and the ring concentrator
Vertically；The angle of the long axis of the full-reflector and the cuboid optical glass is 45 °；
The laser is connect by fiber coupler with one end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, the output light of the laser
The line of the output light of the linear polarization laser consistent or described with the direction of the fast axle of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber or slow axis is inclined
The direction angle at 45 ° of the fast axle or slow axis of direction and the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber of shaking；The other end of the polarization-maintaining transmission fiber
It is connect with the collimator, the light being emitted through the collimator is incident to described perpendicular to the long axis of the cuboid optical glass
On full-reflector, magnetizer described in vertical incidence after the direction of propagation of light changes 90 °, light is after magnetizer reflection along former light
Road returns；
The circumferential output end of the annular coupler is connect with the differential demodulator；
The differential demodulator be used to from the light that the circumferential output end exports isolate fast axial component and with slow axis to point
Amount, and difference processing is done to the fast axial component and the slow axial component.
7. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the magnetizer is with linear magnetization spy
The thin magnetic plate or magnetic film of property.
8. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the material of the ring concentrator is that nanometer height is led
The magnetic material of magnetic rate.
9. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the ring concentrator includes two full symmetric
Collection magnetic semi-ring, one end docking of two collection magnetic semi-rings, the magneto-optic module is installed in the space between other end end.
10. magneto-opitcal current transducer according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the end that the collection magnetic semi-ring does not dock
Trapezoidal shape.
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| CN201610594808.6A CN106291039B (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | Magneto-opitcal current transducer |
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| CN201610594808.6A CN106291039B (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | Magneto-opitcal current transducer |
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| DE102018216482A1 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-03-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Glass ring and method for optical current measurements |
| CN112578173A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 上海康阔光智能技术有限公司 | Optical lightning current measuring system and measuring method |
| CN113124935B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-14 | 华北电力大学 | Composite sensor for magnetic leakage temperature of oil-immersed transformer and measuring method |
| CN115166331B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-08-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Fiber current transformer based on fiber laser and GMM |
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| EP0963557A1 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1999-12-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit to measure electrical measurement variables by means of light signals of differing wavelengths |
| CN101285854B (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2010-06-02 | 西北工业大学 | Self focusing -type optical current mutual inductor |
| CN101957395A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-01-26 | 淄博思科电子技术开发有限公司 | All-fiber current transducer |
| CN102830258B (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2016-01-13 | 易能（中国）电力科技有限公司 | Optical current sensor-based system and current measuring method |
| CN103344812A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-09 | 常州奥镭光电科技有限公司 | Magneto-optic current sensor with temperature compensation |
| CN203786180U (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Improved all-fiber current transformer |
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