CN107389843A - 一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法 - Google Patents

一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法 Download PDF

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CN107389843A
CN107389843A CN201710668867.8A CN201710668867A CN107389843A CN 107389843 A CN107389843 A CN 107389843A CN 201710668867 A CN201710668867 A CN 201710668867A CN 107389843 A CN107389843 A CN 107389843A
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宋薇
甄玉萍
高俊海
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Heilongjiang Pony Testing Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明方法属于饲料检测领域,涉及一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,所述方法为称取适量粉碎混匀饲料样品,加入0.1mol/L过氧化氢溶液,恒温水浴静置,再加入乙腈,匀浆机均质后离心,上层清液用旋转蒸发仪蒸发浓缩至近干,乙腈定容,正己烷除脂,下层溶液过滤,供超高效液相色谱‑串联质谱仪测定,定性定量离子对定性定量分析,检出限为0.001mg/kg。本发明的检测方法具有定性准确、定量快速、步骤简便、可有效的排除干扰等特点,适合于常温下为固态的畜禽类、水产类饲料中二氢吡啶添加量的检测。

Description

一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法
技术领域
本发明属于饲料检测领域,涉及一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,尤其是一种过氧化氢氧化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定常温下为固态的畜禽类、水产类饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法。
背景技术
二氢吡啶(diludine),化学名称为2,6-二甲基-3,5-二乙酯基-1,4-二氢吡啶,微溶于水,能溶于热乙醇,见光易分解,易氧化,无味、无毒,熔点176℃-183℃。二氢吡啶是一种新型多功能的饲料添加剂,具有广泛的生物学功能,包括促进畜禽生长、改善畜禽产品品质、提高畜禽繁殖性能及防病等功能。在医学上用作心血管疾病的防治保健药物,有治疗脂肪肝、中毒性肝炎、抗衰老、防早熟等作用。
二氢吡啶在动物体内通过胃肠吸收,随尿粪以原形排出,无组织残留,不产生突变和胚胎中毒。LD50>10000mg/kg体重,属无毒物,饲喂安全。
二氢吡啶在鸡、鸭等禽类饲料中的常用添加量为120~150g/吨,猪的常用添加量为50~200g/吨,牛的常用添加量为100~150g/吨,羊的常用添加量为100g/吨,长毛兔、獭兔的常用添加量为250g/吨,水产动物的常用添加量为50~300g/吨,貉及其他特种经济动物的常用添加量为300~800g/吨。
根据中华人民共和国农业部第287号公告中规定,二氢吡啶做为兽药的停药期为牛、肉鸡7日,弃奶期7日。
目前国内外对于二氢吡啶类药物的合成、检测等研究已有报道,但是对于检测饲料中二氢吡啶方法的研究,无论国内或国外的资料与文献,均未见报道。由于二氢吡啶见光分解,极易氧化,添加到饲料后会有部分被氧化,同时在样品预处理和测定过程中,二氢吡啶也存在氧化现象,导致测量结果与实际添加量存在较大差别,难以准确定量。为建立一种精确的可用于测定饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,本发明人经过对比研究,开发了一种过氧化氢氧化法测定饲料中的二氢吡啶的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。
发明内容
本发明解决了二氢吡啶易氧化不利于检测且导致检测结果与实际不符的问题,填补了在饲料行业中准确测定添加剂二氢吡啶添加量的空白。
为解决上述问题,本专利公开了一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,包括下列步骤:
(1)前处理
样品经粉碎机粉碎,混匀。准确称取5g样品,精确至0.01g,置于50mL聚丙烯离心管中。添加10.0mL0.1mol/L的过氧化氢溶液作为氧化剂,60℃恒温水浴槽内放置120min,加入25mL乙腈,均质2min,4000r/min离心5min,上清液转移至鸡心瓶中。重复提取,合并上清液为提取液;将提取液60℃水浴旋转蒸发至近干;用乙腈定容至2.00mL,再加入1mL正己烷除脂,涡旋混匀,静置分层后,取下层溶液,0.22μm有机膜过滤,获得试样处理液。
(2)标准溶液
标准储备液:精密称取标准物质1.00mg,置于10mL容量瓶中,用乙腈溶解并至刻度,浓度为0.1mg/mL;
标准稀释液:精密吸取标准储备液1.0mL,置于10mL容量瓶中,加入浓度为0.1mol/L的过氧化氢溶液至刻度,将其放置在60℃恒温水浴槽内120min,使其完全被氧化,浓度为10μg/mL;
标准工作液:取标准稀释液适量加乙腈,分别配制成浓度为1、10、20、50、100ng/mL的标准工作液。
(3)利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪对标准溶液和试样处理液进行检测。检测条件如下所述:
色谱柱:WatersAcquity UPLC BEH-C18,2.1mm×50mm,1.7μm;
流动相:乙腈+0.1%氨水溶液(V/V=40/60),等度洗脱;
时间:7min;
流速:0.2mL/min;
进样量:5.0μL;
离子源:电喷雾离子源;
扫描方式:正离子扫描;
检测方式:多反应监测;
电喷雾电压:3kV;
离子源温度:120℃;
去溶剂温度:350℃;
去溶剂气-氮气流量:650L/h。
定量离子对 定性离子对
二氢吡啶 254.20/208.15 254.20/96.06
二氢吡啶氧化产物 252.30/196.10 252.30/224.10
(4)外标法定量,试样中目标物的计算公式为:
式中:
X——试样中目标物质的含量,单位为毫克每千克(mg/kg);
c——从标准工作曲线得到的试样溶液中目标物的浓度,单位为微克每毫升(μg/mL);
V——试样定容体积,单位为毫升(mL)
m——量取样品的体积,单位为克(g)
计算结果保留三位有效数字,方法检出限可达到0.001mg/kg。
有益效果:
本专利用过氧化氢将试样中的二氢吡啶全部氧化,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪直接测定饲料中二氢吡啶氧化产物,避免了正常实验过程中二氢吡啶在样品预处理和测定过程中被氧化对测定结果准确性的影响,使得测定结果更加准确,同时本方法具有前处理步骤简单、准确度高、检出限低等优点。
附图说明
图1.100ng/mL二氢吡啶标准溶液多反应监测图。
图2.100ng/mL二氢吡啶氧化产物标准溶液多反应监测图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明的权利要求做进一步的详细说明,但不构成对本发明的任何限制,任何在本发明权利要求保护范围所做的有限次的修改,仍在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。
实施例1 某市售6种不同种类不同功效饲料中二氢吡啶含量的测定
每份样品做两次平行,结果如下所示。
表1 饲料中二氢吡啶的含量
ND:未检出
实施例2 饲料中二氢吡啶检测方法的精密度测定
随机选择两种阳性样品,每组样品做六次平行测定,最后结果如下所示。
表2 精密度的测定
实施例3 饲料中二氢吡啶检测方法的准确度测定
选择经测定不含二氢吡啶的阴性饲料样品进行加标回收实验作为准确度的测定,加标量分别为10ng、25ng、50ng,每份加标均进行3次平行实验,结果如下表所示。
表3 添加回收实验
经测定可知,加标回收率在90.03~99.39%之间,相对标准偏差在0.43~4.80%之间。实施例4饲料中二氢吡啶检测方法检出限的确定
样品称取质量为5g,最终定容体积为2mL,当在5g饲料中添加浓度为3ng/ml的二氢吡啶体积为1mL时,根据S/N=3计算,一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法的检出限可达到0.001mg/kg。
上述实施例仅供说明本发明之用,而并非是对本发明专利的限制;应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思范围的情况下,还可以作出各种变化和变型,这些都属于本发明的保护范围;因此,凡跟本发明权利要求范围所做的均等变化与修饰,均应属于本发明权利要求的覆盖范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,特征在于,包括下述步骤:
(1)样品经粉碎机粉碎,混匀;准确称取5g样品,精确至0.01g,置于50mL聚丙烯离心管中;添加10.0mL氧化剂,60℃恒温水浴槽内放置120min,加入25mL乙腈,均质2min,4000r/min离心5min,上清液转移至鸡心瓶中;重复提取,合并上清液为提取液,将提取液60℃水浴旋转蒸发至近干,用乙腈定容至2.00mL,再加入1mL正己烷除脂,涡旋混匀,静置分层后,取下层溶液,0.22μm有机膜过滤,待超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪检测;
(2)标准溶液的制备
标准储备液:精密称取标准物质1.00mg,置于10mL容量瓶中,用乙腈溶解并至刻度,浓度为0.1mg/mL;
标准稀释液:精密吸取标准储备液1.0mL,置于10mL容量瓶中,加入浓度为0.1mol/L的过氧化氢溶液至刻度,将其放置在60℃恒温水浴槽内120min,使其完全被氧化,浓度为10μg/mL;
标准工作液:取标准稀释液适量加乙腈,分别配制成浓度为1、10、20、50、100ng/mL的标准工作液;
(3)利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪对标准溶液和试样处理液进行检测;仪器条件:Waters ACQUITY UPLC-MS/MS超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪;色谱柱:Waters Acquity UPLCBEH-C18,2.1mm×50mm,1.7μm;流动相:乙腈+0.1%氨水溶液(V/V=40/60),等度洗脱;分析时间:7min;流速:0.2mL/min;进样量:5.0μL;离子源:电喷雾离子源;扫描方式:正离子扫描;监测方式:多反应监测;电喷雾电压:3kV;离子源温度:120℃;去溶剂温度:350℃;去溶剂气-氮气流量:650L/h,依据定性定量离子对目标物进行定性定量分析;
(4)外标法定量,试样中目标物的计算公式为:
<mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <mi>V</mi> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1000</mn> <mn>1000</mn> </mfrac> </mrow>
式中:
X——试样中目标物质的含量,单位为毫克每千克(mg/kg);
c——从标准工作曲线得到的试样溶液中目标物的浓度,单位为微克每毫升(μg/mL);
V——试样定容体积,单位为毫升(mL);
m——量取样品的体积,单位为克(g);
计算结果保留三位有效数字,方法检出限可达到0.001mg/kg。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的氧化剂为0.1mol/L的过氧化氢溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种饲料中二氢吡啶的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的定性和定量离子对分别如下:
二氢吡啶的定量离子对为254.20/208.15,定性离子对为254.20/96.06;二氢吡啶氧化产物的定量离子对为252.30/196.10,定性离子对为252.30/224.10。
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