CN107389267B - A kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation recognition methods - Google Patents
A kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation recognition methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389267B CN107389267B CN201710563533.4A CN201710563533A CN107389267B CN 107389267 B CN107389267 B CN 107389267B CN 201710563533 A CN201710563533 A CN 201710563533A CN 107389267 B CN107389267 B CN 107389267B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
- G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
- G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
- G01M1/22—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested and converting vibrations due to imbalance into electric variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0075—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Testing Of Balance (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation recognition methods, carries out measuring, acquires the output of current vortex sensor in shaft, obtain the measured value of rotor oscillation response；Motor stalling, acquires the geometric parameter and material parameter of rotor-support-foundation system, establishes the finite element model of rotor-support-foundation system；By finite element simulation, the simulation value of rotor oscillation response is obtained；Rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing is set and motivates identification objective function and optimal model；Solution is iterated using optimization algorithm, obtains the initial unbalance, bearing rigidity and damping parameter of rotor-support-foundation system.The method of the present invention is optimized using simulation result and experimental result, it can effectively be identified based on some experimental data by the rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation with good robustness and accuracy of identification, it easily uses, is limited by equipment result and test condition small in practice in engineering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical oscillation field, especially a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing motivates recognition methods.
Background technique
The uneven exciting force of rotating machinery identifies problem, is closely related with the dynamic balancing theory of rotor-support-foundation system.Currently, turning
Sub- dynamic balancing process mainly realizes on dynamic balancing machine, only the large scale equipments such as part ship machinery, such as steam turbine, generator
The technical requirements of spot dynamic balance are had, and to Auxiliary Power Unit, spot dynamic balance operation is seldom carried out, in operational process
Uneven exciting force also lack effective quantitative analysis means.
Engineering practice shows the rotor of the vertical mechanicals such as motor-driven centrifugal pump, screw pump equipment in the process of running
Imbalance excitation, brings the vibratory response of under-chassis and seriously affects, it is therefore desirable to the acquisition methods of uneven excitation is explored, to set
Standby vibration and noise reducing provides strong technical support.
For general slewing, current main balance method have an impact Y-factor method Y, modal balance method, balance without test mass
Method etc..The shortcomings that influence coefficient method is to obtain influence coefficient matrix and need repeatedly additional examination weight, repeatedly starting and stopping.Such method
The disadvantage is that the kinetic characteristics to the rotor structure of ready to balance is needed to have deep understanding, to the more demanding of balance personnel, and
The vibration shape of complex rotor system is complex, is difficult to obtain preferable counterbalance effect, thus is not suitable for the rotor to vibration shape complexity
System is balanced.When field balancing, available balance correction face number is restricted, and is generally mostly two rectifying planes；Make
Rotor must be made to operate near each rank critical speed to obtain ideal counterbalance effect with the method.This method is mainly base
It being carried out in the finite element model of rotor-support-foundation system, the precision of model has direct influence to the recognition effect of imbalance excitation, because
This needs to carry out necessary Modifying model to simulation model in advance, so that emulation is coincide with test model good.
In conclusion various dynamic balance methods have some disadvantages and limitation.Currently, marine electric machine driving from
The vertical pump apparatus such as heart pump, screw pump considers deficiency to spot dynamic balance demand, leads to that balance position and mode can be added serious
Limited, the measurement position of rotor oscillation is also very limited, increases the acquisition difficulty of rotor unbalance exciting force, therefore, uneven
Acquisition, the recognition methods of power and uneven torque are still the technical problem of urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind can accurately obtain out-of-balance force turn good with uneven torque, robustness
Subsystem dynamic balancing motivates recognition methods.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, includes the following steps:
Step 1 installs current vortex sensor in shaft；
The current vortex sensor is distributed and the symmetric position of shaft in pairs；Current vortex sensor has 2~3 pairs；
The booting of step 2 driving motor, after rotor reaches desired speed and stablizes, acquires the defeated of current vortex sensor
Out, the measured value of rotor oscillation response is obtained；
The stalling of step 3 motor, acquires the geometric parameter and material parameter of rotor-support-foundation system, establishes the finite element of rotor-support-foundation system
Model；
Step 4 obtains the simulation value of rotor oscillation response by finite element simulation；
Step 5 is arranged rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing and motivates identification objective function and optimal model；
Step 6 is iterated solution using optimization algorithm, obtains initial unbalance, the bearing rigidity of rotor-support-foundation system
And damping parameter.
The present invention may also include:
1. measured value that rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation identification objective function is responded with rotor oscillation and simulation value
The minimum principle of difference.
2. the rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation identification optimal model is
Minimize f(Ω,x1,x2,x3)
Subject to xi,L≤xi≤xi,U xi∈ x, i=1,2,3
Wherein, f (Ω, x1,x2,x3) it is dynamic balancing excitation identification objective function, xiTo need the parameter identified, x1、x2、x3
Respectively amount of unbalance, bearing rigidity and damping, xi,LFor the lower limit of parameter value to be identified, xi,UFor parameter value to be identified
The upper limit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method for the present invention will emulate and experiment is organically combined one
It rises, is optimized using simulation result and experimental result, it, can be real based on part by finding connection and rule between the two
It tests data and motivates identification model to carry out unknown parameter and exciting force by the dynamic balancing with good robustness and accuracy of identification
Identification.That the present invention overcomes the prior arts is cumbersome in engineering practice, the disadvantages of being limited by equipment result and test condition,
The present invention can greatly reduce cost on experiment of dynamic balancing and human input and the present invention is easy to learn and promote, for based on
Simulation model and the excitation recognition methods of the equipment rotor dynamic balancing of experimental data are had laid a good foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is rotor experiment table schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 flow chart and Fig. 2 embodiment:
Technical solution one:
As shown in Figure 1, the specific implementation step of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation recognition methods of the present invention is as follows:
The acquisition of step 1 experimental data
A) Fig. 2 is combined to carry out building for rotor testbed, this experimental bench specifically includes that motor 1, shaft coupling 2, left end bearing
3, current vortex sensor 4, disk 5, shaft 6, right end bearing 7, computer 8 and signal sampler 9.Motor 1 is by shaft coupling 2 and turns
Axis 6 is connected, and spindle central position is equipped with disk 5, and shaft is supported by left end bearing 3 and right end bearing 7, current vortex
Signal is delivered to signal sampler 9 by sensor, is operated and is observed finally by the test software in computer 8.
B) original state of rotor testbed is inputted into experiment module, does early-stage preparations for experimental data acquisition.At this time
It needs first to carry out spot dynamic balance to rotor testbed, under the premise of meeting balance level, carries out next step dynamic balancing excitation
The research of identification.
C) according to the size and location of the uneven excitation applied in rotor simulation process, the corresponding position of experimental bench into
The application of the known uneven excitation of row.Using contactless electromagnetic exciter as the test equipment of experimental data, and use photoelectricity
The operating revolving speed of sensor real-time monitoring rotor, guarantees the smooth running of revolving speed, respectively by rotor in stationary state and operating shape
The vibratory response of stateIt is tested, and is input in experiment acquisition module.
Step 2 establishes rotor-support-foundation system limit element artificial module and carries out finite element simulation；
A) basic geometric parameters and material parameter of rotor-support-foundation system are obtained.
The basic geometric parameters include: root diameter, length, disk diameter, thickness；
The basic material parameter includes: density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus.
B) according to the rotor basic parameter of input, finite element analysis software is called, finite element is carried out to rotor-support-foundation system first
Modeling；Then the amount of unbalance of known dimensions and the running speed of rotor are inputted in harmonic responding analysis module, pass through calculating
The rotor oscillation that can finally obtain in the post-processing module of finite element software under by known uneven incentive action responds Uj,k
(Ω,x1,x2,x3)；
Step 3 establishes rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation identification optimal model；
A) the present invention is based on Fig. 2 rotor test rack, the rotor dynamic balancing excitation identification side based on simulation model is had studied
Method research, according to FEM Numerical Simulation Uj,k(Ω,x1,x2,x3) and experimental resultsIt is inclined with the two
Difference is minimum, constructs objective function, with amount of unbalance, bearing rigidity and damping parameter for parameter to be identified, establishes and optimizes
Parameter identify mathematical model.It is shown below,
Minimize f(Ω,x1,x2,x3)
Subject to xi,L≤xi≤xi,U xi∈ x, i=1,2,3
Wherein, f (Ω, x1,x2,x3) it is the objective function constructed, xiTo need the parameter identified, x1、x2、x3Respectively not
Aequum, bearing rigidity and damping, xi,LFor the lower limit of parameter value to be identified, xi,UFor the upper limit of parameter value to be identified.
Research is unfolded below by the dynamic equilibrium problems under the conditions of three kinds of functions, verifies the validity of the method for the present invention.
Following three kinds of functional forms are studied,
Wherein k, j, Ω respectively indicate wheel disc position, point position and running speed.
4) optimization algorithm solves
A) genetic algorithm, method of Lagrange multipliers etc. can be selected in optimization algorithm, herein preferably genetic algorithm.Using something lost
Propagation algorithm is iterated solution, and in no white noise acoustic jamming, bearing parameter worst error is 2%, uneven for discovery in solution procedure
Weighing apparatus excitation error approximation 0%, and there are jamtosignal be 10% white Gaussian noise when the results are shown in Table 1, bearing parameter error
It is larger, and the maximum identification error of amount of unbalance is 5.2%, accuracy of identification with higher.
1 recognition result of table and reference value compare
5) output of result
The parameter to be identified of rotor-support-foundation system finally can be obtained by above-mentioned solution, and then the imbalance for obtaining rotor-support-foundation system swashs
Encourage power and uneven torque.
Technical solution two:
Technical solution two will be tested relative to technical solution one and simulation process is exchanged, and it is imitative first to carry out finite element
Very, then measuring is carried out.
Step 1 establishes rotor simulation model and obtains the FEM Numerical Simulation of rotor oscillation response；
Obtain the basic geometric parameters and material parameter of rotor-support-foundation system；Finite element analysis software is called, first to rotor system
System carries out finite element modeling, and known amount of unbalance is then inputted in harmonic responding analysis module, is finally obtained by finite element simulation
Rotor oscillation responds Uj,k(Ω,x1,x2,x3), wherein x1、x2、x3For parameter to be identified, respectively amount of unbalance, bearing rigidity and
Damping；K, j, Ω respectively indicate different wheel disc positions, point position and running speed；
The basic geometric parameters include: root diameter, length, disk diameter, thickness；
The basic material parameter includes: density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus；
Step 2 carries out vibration test and obtains the test result of rotor oscillation response；
Experimental bench initialization is carried out first；Rotor is carried out in stationary state and operating shape using contactless electromagnetic exciter
The whirling vibration of state is tested, and the rotor oscillation response that experiment test obtains is obtained
Step 3 establishes dynamic balancing excitation identification optimal model；
Objective function is set, obtains rotor oscillation response U according to by finite element simulationj,k(Ω,x1,x2,x3) and experiment survey
Try obtained rotor oscillation responseDetermine parameter value to be identified, construction rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation is known
Other optimal model；
The parameter to be identified includes initial unbalance, bearing rigidity and damping parameter；
Step 4 optimization algorithm solves；
Solution is iterated using optimization algorithm, obtains the parameter to be identified of rotor-support-foundation system, and then obtain rotor-support-foundation system
Uneven exciting force and uneven torque.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing motivates recognition methods, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1 installs current vortex sensor in shaft；
Step 2 inputs the original state of rotor-support-foundation system into experiment module, does early-stage preparations for experimental data acquisition；First to turn
Subsystem carries out spot dynamic balance, under the premise of meeting balance level, carries out the research of next step dynamic balancing excitation identification；
According to the size and location of the uneven excitation applied in rotor simulation process, known to the progress of the corresponding position of experimental bench
The application of imbalance excitation；Using contactless electromagnetic exciter as the test equipment of experimental data, driving motor is switched on, and
With the operating revolving speed of photoelectric sensor real-time monitoring rotor, respectively by rotor stationary state and operating condition vibratory response into
Row test, and be input in experiment acquisition module；
The stalling of step 3 motor, acquires the geometric parameter and material parameter of rotor-support-foundation system, establishes the finite element mould of rotor-support-foundation system
Type；
Step 4 obtains the simulation value of rotor oscillation response by finite element simulation；
Step 5 is arranged rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing and motivates identification objective function and optimal model；
Step 6 is iterated solution using optimization algorithm, obtains the initial unbalance, bearing rigidity and resistance of rotor-support-foundation system
Buddhist nun's parameter.
2. a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing as described in claim 1 motivates recognition methods, which is characterized in that the rotor-support-foundation system
The minimum principle of difference of measured value and simulation value that dynamic balancing excitation identification objective function is responded with rotor oscillation.
3. a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing as claimed in claim 1 or 2 motivates recognition methods, which is characterized in that the rotor
System dynamic balancing excitation identifies that optimal model is
Minimize f(Ω,x1,x2,x3)
Subject to xi,L≤xi≤xi,UI=1,2,3
Wherein, f (Ω, x1,x2,x3) it is rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing excitation identification objective function, xiTo need the parameter identified, x1、
x2、x3Respectively amount of unbalance, bearing rigidity and damping, xi,LFor the lower limit of parameter value to be identified, xi,UIt is taken for parameter to be identified
The upper limit of value.
4. a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing as claimed in claim 1 or 2 motivates recognition methods, which is characterized in that the electricity
Eddy current sensor is distributed and the symmetric position of shaft in pairs；Current vortex sensor has 2~3 pairs.
5. a kind of rotor-support-foundation system dynamic balancing as claimed in claim 3 motivates recognition methods, which is characterized in that the current vortex
Sensor is distributed and the symmetric position of shaft in pairs；Current vortex sensor has 2~3 pairs.
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