CN101776508A - Optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machine - Google Patents
Optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101776508A CN101776508A CN201010013606A CN201010013606A CN101776508A CN 101776508 A CN101776508 A CN 101776508A CN 201010013606 A CN201010013606 A CN 201010013606A CN 201010013606 A CN201010013606 A CN 201010013606A CN 101776508 A CN101776508 A CN 101776508A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of a rotating machine, comprising a vibration sensor for monitoring the vibration of a rotor, a key phase sensor for monitoring the key phase signal of the rotor, a multi-parameter signal modulating device, a data collecting card and an upper computer; the monitoring device further comprises an optical fiber displacement sensor for monitoring the sliding bearing lubricant film thickness of the rotating machine; the vibration sensor, the key phase sensor and the optical fiber displacement sensor are connected with the multi-parameter signal modulating device; the multi-parameter signal modulating device is connected with the data collecting card; and the data collecting card is connected with the upper computer. The monitoring device is applied to the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the rotating machine by extracting the lubricant film property and the vibration signal property; thus, the device can combine various types of information for improving the accuracies of the state monitoring and the fault diagnosis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant equipment status monitoring field, relate in particular to a kind of monitoring device that is applied to monitor large rotating machinery.
Background technology
Can large rotating machinery normally move the stability of vibration that depends primarily on rotor-support-foundation system, the i.e. working condition of support component-bearing.For this reason, the past people usually from different angles respectively to the vibration of large rotating machinery, comprise that the hull vibration of the vibration of rotor and unit is implemented effectively monitoring, be aided with lubricating oil temperature monitoring etc. simultaneously, realize the condition monitoring and the fault diagnosis of unit.Along with in recent years engineering practice proves; because large rotating machinery is a significant nonlinear and time-varying system; its vibration Changing Pattern is very complicated; occur through regular meeting: bloomings such as " different fault types may show as identical vibration fault feature, and same fault type shows different vibration fault features under different conditions ".People are in order to pursue fault diagnosis accurately and effectively; though taked a series of such as holographic analysis of spectrum; the time-frequency refinement is analyzed; wavelet information is handled and feature extraction; fuzzy clustering and gray prediction theory; electromechanical equipment state trend based on support vector machine is predicted the effective advanced disposal routes such as intelligent diagnostics that reach based on artificial neural network or data mining; these monitoring and diagnosis means are because its problem such as fusion treatment that lack more accurate measuring method and do not consider multiparameter information; causing seems for the large rotating machinery with advanced dynamic behavior some deficiency usually the problem that the unit fault can not accurately be diagnosed can occur.
Summary of the invention
The optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rotating machinery, this monitoring device is monitored simultaneously to the lubricating film of operating Rotor-Bearing System bearing and the vibration of rotor, by comprehensive lubricating film signal and vibration signal, can monitor and diagnose out accurately the fault of rotating machinery more accurately to the running status of rotating machinery.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery, it comprises the vibration transducer of monitoring rotor oscillation, key phase sensor, multi-parameter signals conditioning device, data collecting card and the host computer of monitoring rotor key phase signals, this monitoring device also comprises the optical fibre displacement sensor of the slide bearing lubricating film thickness of monitoring rotating machinery, described vibration transducer, key phase sensor and optical fibre displacement sensor all connect described multi-parameter signals conditioning device, described multiparameter conditioning device connects data collecting card, described data acquisition card connection host computer.
Described multi-parameter signals conditioning device comprises photoelectric conversion module, vibration signal processing module, the key phase sensor of the vibration transducer of described monitoring rotor oscillation and monitoring rotor key phase signals connects described vibration signal processing module, and the optical fibre displacement sensor of the slide bearing lubricating film thickness of described monitoring rotating machinery connects described photoelectric conversion module.
The optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of described rotating machinery comprises at least 3 optical fibre displacement sensors, and one in these 3 optical fibre displacement sensors all is 90 with other angle of two and spends.
The optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of described rotating machinery comprises the vibration transducer of at least 2 monitoring rotor oscillations, and the angle between the vibration transducer of these two monitoring rotor oscillations is 90 degree.
Described vibration transducer, key phase sensor all adopt current vortex sensor, and described optical fibre displacement sensor adopts two circle coaxial optical fiber displacement transducers.
Described photoelectric conversion module partly is made up of photoelectric conversion section, filtering part and pressure limiting.
Described vibration signal processing module partly is made up of dividing potential drop part, filtering part and pressure limiting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention has realized that with sliding bearing (circular journal bearing) be the lubricating film of rotating machinery of support and the comprehensive precision monitor of rotor oscillation; By device of the present invention, can monitor simultaneously the lubricating film of operating Rotor-Bearing System bearing and the vibration of rotor; By the monitoring of lubricating film state, the dynamic change situation of the quiescent point of lubricating film and lubricating film is very helpful for the running status of judging total system as can be known; The feature by extracting lubricating film and the feature of vibration signal, and be applied to the status monitoring and the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery like this can comprehensive multiple information, improve the accuracy of status monitoring and fault diagnosis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device block diagram of system of rotating machinery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of optical fibre displacement sensor.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of the current vortex sensor of monitoring rotor oscillation.
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of the key phase sensor of monitoring key phase.
Fig. 5 is the photoelectric conversion module circuit diagram of multi-parameter signals conditioning device.
Fig. 6 is the vibration signal processing module circuit diagram of multi-parameter signals conditioning device.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment that the inventor provides.
See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery of the present invention at first is installed to Rotor-Bearing System with sensor groups, secondly the signal that sensor groups is collected is sent into the multiparameter conditioning device, signal after the conditioning enters host computer through capture card, host computer is handled the multi-parameter signals that collects, extract signal characteristic, utilize the signal characteristic that extracts to carry out fault diagnosis.
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 3, the optical fibre displacement sensor 4 that is used to monitor lubrication film thickness is installed in as two sliding bearings that support.On two support sliding bearings 7, have 12 measuring points, 12 optical fibre displacement sensors 4 promptly are installed; Optical fibre displacement sensor 4 is two circle coaxial optical fiber displacement transducers, and promptly the receiving end of each measuring point is a two-way light, therefore exports 24 road signals altogether.6 optical fibre displacement sensors 4 are installed on a sliding bearing 7, end face (each bearing 7 has 2 end faces) near each sliding bearing 7 locates to install 3 optical fibre displacement sensors, in these 3 optical fibre displacement sensors 4 one all is 90 degree with other angle of two, and the center line that optical fibre displacement sensor 4 wherein is installed should be not less than 5mm from the end face distance of sliding bearing 7.Before optical fibre displacement sensor 4 is installed, to on original sliding bearing 7, punch, on bearing seat 6, be provided with threaded hole, the installation site of optical fibre displacement sensor 4 on bearing seat 6 can be adjusted by threaded line pipe 5, to avoid the twisting of optical fiber, threaded line pipe 5 positions determine that the back is by set nut 2 its positions of locking; By fastening nut 3 fibre-optical probe is fixed on the threaded line pipe, the probe external diameter of the Fibre Optical Sensor 4 of punching is Φ 2mm, and the change of this structure is to the not influence of use of original sliding bearing.
See also shown in Figure 4, be used to monitor the vibration transducer 8 employing current vortex sensors 8 of rotor 1 vibration, each measuring point is installed two-way current vortex sensor 8, angle between this two-way current vortex sensor 8 is 90 °, the installation number of vibration transducer and position determine that as required conditioning device of the present invention is supported the conditioning of No. 6 vibration transducer output signals at most.
See also shown in Figure 4ly, be used to monitor the key phase sensor 10 same current vortex sensors 10 that adopt of key signal of the keyway 9 of rotor 1, install according to the key phase groove position of Rotor-Bearing System.
See also Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the multi-parameter signals conditioning device is made up of photoelectric conversion module, vibration signal processing module, wherein the vibration signal processing module can be finished the conditioning to vibration signal and key signal, and 24 road fiber optics displacement signals (12 measuring points) that the multi-parameter signals conditioning device can obtain optical fibre displacement sensor 4 monitoring at most among the present invention, 6 road vibration signals (3 measuring points) that current vortex sensor 8 monitorings obtain and current vortex sensor 10 are monitored 1 road key signal that obtains and nursed one's health.The voltage signal of each module output has all carried out pressure limiting, guarantees to enter the signal voltage of capture card in capture card is gathered voltage range.
The interface of the photoelectric conversion module of multi-parameter signals conditioning device adopts the FC joint.The transmitting terminal of Fibre Optical Sensor 4 can insert laser instrument fast by the FC joint, improve photoemissive light intensity simultaneously, improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), receiving end can directly insert the corresponding interface of conditioning module by the FC interface, realize connecting fast, and make that receiving luminous energy accurately aims at the photoelectricity conversion chip.Photoelectric conversion module partly is made up of photoelectric conversion section, filtering part and pressure limiting.Owing to adopted the FC interface, increased the light intensity that photoelectric conversion section receives, promptly increased the output voltage signal of photoelectric conversion section, so this modulate circuit photoelectric conversion section output terminal need not amplifying circuit.Opto-electronic conversion adopts OPT101 to carry out the photoelectricity dress and changes, and wave filter is selected the amplifier of the universal amplifier OP07 of stable performance as wave filter, and signal is from the in-phase end input of amplifier, and the input impedance of wave filter is very big, and output impedance is very little.Voltage stabilizing diode is partly adopted in pressure limiting, and restriction enters the voltage of capture card, the protection capture card.
The vibration signal processing module can be nursed one's health vibration signal and key signal, and this module partly is made up of dividing potential drop part, filtering part and pressure limiting.Dividing potential drop partly adopts two equirotal resistance of resistance to carry out dividing potential drop, and the amplifier of the universal amplifier OP07 of stable performance as wave filter partly selected in filtering, and signal is from the in-phase end input of amplifier, and the input impedance of wave filter is very big, and output impedance is very little.Voltage stabilizing diode is partly adopted in pressure limiting, and restriction enters the voltage of capture card, the protection capture card.
Capture card of the present invention adopts the NI6225 data collecting card of NI company, and it can realize the multi-parameter signals after the conditioning is carried out the A/D conversion, gathers and transmits data to upper PC.
The signal that host computer is uploaded the data capture card is handled:
1) the multidimensional feature of extraction lubricating film: utilize the dynamic signal analysis disposal route, at time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain the lubricating film 3 D stereo dynamic-change information that measures is carried out on-line analysis, extract the multidimensional variation characteristic of lubricating film, comprise the position of lubricating film minimum oil film thickness and variation characteristic, lubricating film 3 D stereo variation characteristic, and the corresponding frequency spectrum characteristic and the regularity of distribution;
2) extract vibration signal characteristics: vibration signal is handled the feature that obtains vibration signal at time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain respectively;
3) pick-up key phase signals feature: key signal is handled, obtained rotor speed and phase information.
By existing knowledge in dynamic analysis and the field, set up the expert knowledge library under the various faults based on lubricating film state and vibration signal, utilize rough set that vibration performance and lubricating film feature are carried out yojan and carry out fault diagnosis.
Rotor unbalance is generally by mass eccentricity, reasons such as rotor bow action cause, only carry out vibration monitoring if use conventional methods, because mass eccentricity, the vibration signal characteristics frequency of the rotor unbalance that reasons such as rotor bow action cause, stability of vibration, orbit of shaft center and precession direction are identical, so the brief back of signal can only be judged by expert knowledge library and be the rotor unbalance fault, the rotor unbalance fault specifically by which kind of reason causes and can not judge accurately, cause the maintenance personal to investigate one by one at the reason that causes rotor unbalance, keep in repair again after finding reason then, bring inconvenience to the maintenance personal.
Optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of the present invention is monitored rotor oscillation signal, lubricating film signal and key signal simultaneously, can comprehensively judge by the information of synthesis oscillation signal and lubricating film signal, like this with respect to existing monitoring method, can judge the concrete fault of rotating machinery more accurately, make the maintenance personal can be in time, fix a breakdown accurately, guarantee the operation of rotating machinery, optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with concrete example.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 6, optical fibre displacement sensor 4 records the photoelectric conversion module that passes to the multi-parameter signals conditioning device behind the lubricating film signal; Photoelectric conversion module records the lubricating film signal to optical fibre displacement sensor 4 to carry out passing to data collecting card after opto-electronic conversion, filtering and the pressure limiting; Data collecting card carries out passing to host computer after the A/D conversion to signal; Host computer utilizes the dynamic signal analysis disposal route, at time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain the lubricating film dynamic-change information that measures is carried out on-line analysis, extract the multidimensional variation characteristic of lubricating film, comprise the position of lubricating film minimum oil film thickness and variation characteristic, lubricating film 3 D stereo variation characteristic, and the corresponding spectral property and the regularity of distribution.
As after the above-mentioned signal characteristic yojan being: the vibration signal characteristics frequency is 1 frequency multiplication; Stability of vibration is for stable; Orbit of shaft center is oval; The precession direction is positive precession; The minimum oil film thickness variation range is for bigger; The variance of two end face minimum oil film thickness of bearing position angle difference is for bigger; Axle journal axis and bearing shell axis angle are for bigger; Oil film thickness Dynamic Signal characteristic frequency is 1 frequency multiplication height.And then search expert knowledge library and just can determine out of order accurate reason accurately.
Table 1 domain-specialist knowledge
1) rotor unbalance that causes of mass eccentricity
| The vibration |
1 frequency multiplication height |
| Stability of vibration | Stable |
| Orbit of shaft center | Oval |
| The precession direction | Positive precession |
| The minimum oil film thickness variation range | Bigger |
| The variance of two end face minimum oil film thickness of bearing position angle difference | Less |
| Axle journal axis and bearing shell axis angle | Less |
| Oil film thickness Dynamic Signal |
1 frequency multiplication height |
2) imbalance that causes of rotor bow action
| The vibration |
1 frequency multiplication height |
| Stability of vibration | Stable |
| Orbit of shaft center | Oval |
| The precession direction | Positive precession |
| The minimum oil film thickness variation range | Bigger |
| The variance of two end face minimum oil film thickness of bearing position angle difference | Bigger |
| Axle journal axis and bearing shell axis angle | Bigger |
| Oil film thickness Dynamic |
1 frequency multiplication height |
Can clearly find by table 1 expertise field, the imbalance that corresponding fault should cause for the rotor bow action after the signal yojan that optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of the present invention monitors among the embodiment, like this maintenance personal can be in time, fix a breakdown accurately, guarantee the operation of rotating machinery; Only carry out vibration monitoring if use conventional methods, just can only judge fault is the rotor unbalance fault, but can accurately not judge the rotor unbalance fault is caused by mass eccentricity, rotor bow action, cause the maintenance personal to investigate one by one at the reason that causes rotor unbalance, keep in repair again after finding reason then, bring inconvenience to the maintenance personal.
Claims (7)
1. the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of a rotating machinery, it comprises the vibration transducer (8) of monitoring rotor (1) vibration, the key phase sensor (10) of monitoring rotor (1) key signal, the multi-parameter signals conditioning device, data collecting card and host computer, it is characterized in that: this monitoring device also comprises the optical fibre displacement sensor (4) of sliding bearing (7) lubrication film thickness of monitoring rotating machinery, described vibration transducer (8), key phase sensor (10) and optical fibre displacement sensor (4) all connect described multi-parameter signals conditioning device, described multiparameter conditioning device connects data collecting card, described data acquisition card connection host computer.
2. the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multi-parameter signals conditioning device comprises photoelectric conversion module, vibration signal processing module, the key phase sensor (10) of the vibration transducer (8) of described monitoring rotor (1) vibration and monitoring rotor (1) key signal connects described vibration signal processing module, and the optical fibre displacement sensor (4) of the sliding bearing of described monitoring rotating machinery (7) lubrication film thickness connects described photoelectric conversion module.
3. the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of described rotating machinery comprises at least 3 optical fibre displacement sensors (4), and one in these 3 optical fibre displacement sensors (4) all is 90 with other angle of two and spends.
4. the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of described rotating machinery comprises the vibration transducer (8) of at least 2 monitoring rotors (1) vibration, and the angle between the vibration transducer (8) of these two monitoring rotors (1) vibration is 90 degree.
5. the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vibration transducer (8), key phase sensor (10) all adopt current vortex sensor, and described optical fibre displacement sensor (4) adopts two circle coaxial optical fiber displacement transducers.
6. as the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described photoelectric conversion module partly is made up of photoelectric conversion section, filtering part and pressure limiting.
7. as the optical-mechanical-electrical multi-parameter accurate monitoring device of rotating machinery as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described vibration signal processing module partly is made up of dividing potential drop part, filtering part and pressure limiting.
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| CN101915607A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 山东中实易通集团有限公司 | Phase difference aided diagnosis method for shafting vibration of turbo generator unit and system thereof |
| CN102053016A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-05-11 | 江苏大学 | System for monitoring vibration of rotating machinery rolling bearing in wireless mode |
| CN102297650A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-12-28 | 河南电力试验研究院 | Method suitable for rotation shaft bending and phase testing, and apparatus thereof |
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| CN103076163B (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2016-02-24 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of on-line testing method of Rotor-Bearing System characterisitic parameter |
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