CN107387398B - Fracturing pump head complementary unit - Google Patents

Fracturing pump head complementary unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107387398B
CN107387398B CN201710727951.2A CN201710727951A CN107387398B CN 107387398 B CN107387398 B CN 107387398B CN 201710727951 A CN201710727951 A CN 201710727951A CN 107387398 B CN107387398 B CN 107387398B
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China
Prior art keywords
cylinder body
plate
connecting rod
discharge
feed
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CN107387398A (en
Inventor
徐峰
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Sichuan Dacan Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
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Sichuan Dacan Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00

Abstract

The invention discloses a fracturing pump head auxiliary mechanism which comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, wherein one end of the piston rod movably penetrates through one end face of the cylinder body and is connected with a piston, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with a power end of a fracturing pump; the cylinder body is provided with a discharge opening and a feed opening, and the cylinder body is respectively communicated with a discharge pipe and a feed pipe through the discharge opening and the feed opening; the cylinder body is provided with a discharge opening, a feed opening and a discharge plate, the discharge opening is matched with the discharge plate, the feed opening is matched with the feed plate, the top of the discharge plate is positioned above the cylinder body, the bottom surface of the discharge plate is positioned in the cylinder body and is hinged with a second connecting rod, one end, close to the piston, of the feed plate is hinged to the inner surface of the cylinder body, and the upper surface of the feed plate is hinged with a first connecting rod; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged with a fixed rod, and the fixed rod is fixed on the piston. The method avoids the decrease of spring force and the decrease of the suction output quantity of fracturing fluid caused by the fatigue of the spring in a connecting rod mode, thereby increasing the process cost and reducing the efficiency of the fracturing process.

Description

Fracturing pump head complementary unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil exploitation, in particular to a fracturing pump head auxiliary mechanism.
Background
In the development of human civilization, petroleum plays a very important role. However, petroleum belongs to non-renewable resources, and the demand of petroleum is increased year by year at present, so that the petroleum reserve of oil fields is continuously reduced, and for most of the oil fields in the middle and later stages, the petroleum obtained by the conventional exploitation method is little, so that a fracturing process is introduced into the oil fields to improve the petroleum yield.
Fracturing equipment, such as fracturing pumps, used in fracturing processes are one of the major devices that increase oil production. The fracturing pump is capable of delivering fracturing fluid downhole, causing the downhole rock to fracture to increase oil permeability, increasing the rapid flow of oil beneath the formation to increase oil production. Along with the improvement of the requirement of people on oil yield, the fracturing pump is developed towards high power, high pressure, large discharge capacity, diversified output media and multiple functions.
The structure of the fracturing pump is mainly divided into a power end and a hydraulic end. The power end generally adopts a crank-connecting rod mechanism to convert rotation energy into linear reciprocating motion energy to be transmitted to the piston, and common parts of the power end comprise an input shaft, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a crosshead and an intermediate rod; the hydraulic end is also called a pump head and mainly comprises parts such as a cylinder body, a cylinder sleeve, a piston rod, a piston, an intake valve, a discharge valve and the like. The fluid end is not only expensive but also prone to damage compared to the power end, since the fluid end is subject to high pressure and corrosion from the fracturing fluid.
The traditional fracturing pump adopts a suction valve and a discharge valve which are both one-way valves provided with springs. When the fracturing pump sucks fracturing fluid, the fracturing fluid is subjected to pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cylinder body to flush the suction valve and enter the cylinder body; the fracturing fluid then pushes open the outlet valve into the outlet conduit as the volume in the cylinder decreases and the pressure increases. However, since the suction valve and the discharge valve both adopt spring mechanisms, the springs are easy to fatigue and have weakened elasticity in the process of frequently sucking and discharging the fracturing fluid for a long time, thereby not only improving the maintenance frequency of the pump head and shortening the service life of the fracturing pump, but also reducing the efficiency of the fracturing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pump head auxiliary mechanism of a fracturing pump, which aims to solve the problems that a spring is easy to fatigue and the elasticity is weakened, the maintenance frequency of a pump head is improved, the service life of the fracturing pump is shortened, and the efficiency of a fracturing process is reduced in the process that the fracturing pump frequently sucks and discharges fracturing fluid for a long time in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pump head auxiliary mechanism of a fracturing pump comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, wherein one end of the piston rod movably penetrates through one end face of the cylinder body and is connected with a piston positioned in the cylinder body, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with a power end of the fracturing pump; the cylinder body is provided with a discharge opening and a feed opening, and the cylinder body is respectively communicated with a discharge pipe and a feed pipe through the discharge opening and the feed opening; the cylinder body is hinged to the upper surface of the cylinder body, the lower surface of the cylinder body is provided with a first connecting rod, the upper surface of the cylinder body is provided with a discharge hole, the lower surface of the cylinder body is provided with a feed hole, and the upper surface of the feed hole is provided with a piston; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged with a fixed rod, and the fixed rod is fixed on the piston.
In the prior art, a suction valve and a discharge valve adopted by a fracturing pump are both one-way valves provided with springs. When the fracturing pump sucks fracturing fluid, the fracturing fluid is subjected to pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cylinder body to flush the suction valve and enter the cylinder body; the fracturing fluid then pushes open the outlet valve into the outlet conduit as the volume in the cylinder decreases and the pressure increases. However, since the suction valve and the discharge valve both adopt spring mechanisms, the springs are easy to fatigue in the process of frequently sucking and discharging the fracturing fluid for a long time, the elasticity is weakened, and the suction and discharge amount of the fracturing fluid is reduced, so that the pump heads of the fracturing pumps have to be periodically overhauled, the process cost is increased, and the efficiency of the fracturing process is reduced. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an auxiliary mechanism for a pump head of a fracturing pump, which converts the conventional manner of sucking and discharging fracturing fluid through a spring mechanism into the manner of driving a link mechanism through the reciprocating motion of a piston, so as to open and close a feed port and a discharge port without causing the problem of spring fatigue.
Specifically, the hydraulic end of the fracturing pump is the same as that of the traditional fracturing pump, and the hydraulic end of the fracturing pump also comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, a feeding hole, a feeding pipe, a discharging hole and a discharging pipe, wherein the connection mode of the components is similar to that of the cylinder body of the hydraulic end of the traditional fracturing pump. The difference is that fixedly connected with dead lever on the terminal surface that the piston faced inlet pipe, row's material pipe, the fixed mode of dead lever and piston includes and is not limited to modes such as thread tightening, welding. The fixed rod is hinged with a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with a feeding plate and a discharging plate, and one end of the feeding plate, which is close to the piston, is hinged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. The hinge connection is also called hinge connection, and refers to a connection mode capable of allowing two mutually connected parts to rotate relatively, for example, through loose-leaf connection. The size of above-mentioned feed plate and row material plate is respectively in the size phase-match of feed inlet, bin outlet, and specifically, the feed plate can cover the feed inlet, and row material plate can cover the bin outlet, but the diameter of the part that row material plate is located the bin outlet simultaneously is less than the bin outlet to make fracturing fluid discharge in the bin outlet, and reserve sufficient working gap and make articulated between row material plate and the second connecting rod be unlikely to block in the bin outlet. Preferably, the part of the discharge opening in contact with the discharge plate may be arranged in a groove of matching diameter of the discharge plate, so that the discharge plate can fall into the groove arranged on the discharge plate when the second connecting rod drags the discharge plate downwards as the piston moves backwards.
When the reciprocating piston rod mechanism works, under the action of the power end crank-link mechanism, the piston rod drives the piston to reciprocate in the cylinder body. When the piston moves towards the power end, the fixed rod moves towards the power end along with the piston, so that an included angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is reduced, the second connecting rod pulls the discharge plate downwards to seal the discharge port, the first connecting rod pulls the feed plate to open the feed port, and the fracturing fluid is pressed into the cylinder body by the pressure inside and outside the cylinder body; when the piston moves to feed inlet, bin outlet direction, the dead lever also moves to this direction for contained angle increase between first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the row flitch is upwards backed up to the second connecting rod, and first connecting rod promotes the feed plate, makes it seal the feed inlet, thereby fracturing fluid can be by the pressure extrusion cylinder body in the cylinder body, gets into row material pipe. Compared with the traditional fracturing pump with the suction valve and the discharge valve at the hydraulic end adopting the spring mechanisms, the method has the advantages that the spring force reduction caused by the fatigue of the spring and the reduction of the suction output quantity of the fracturing fluid are avoided through the connecting rod, the process cost of the fracturing process is increased, the efficiency is reduced, and the method has a universal application value. Meanwhile, the connecting rod mechanism opens and closes the feeding plate or the discharging plate along with the reciprocating motion of the piston, the fracturing fluid is not completely flushed through the suction valve or the discharging valve by pressure difference, when the fracturing fluid needs to be sucked, the piston moves backwards, namely, towards the power end, the feeding plate is opened, and the impact of the fracturing fluid on the feeding plate is greatly reduced; and when need get rid of fracturing fluid, the piston moves forward, backs off the flitch of arranging, need not to be washed away by fracturing fluid completely and arranges the flitch, arranges the impact that the flitch received fracturing fluid also reduces greatly, to sum up, through link mechanism, arranges the flitch and the impact that the feed plate received from fracturing fluid all can reduce by a wide margin, has prolonged the life of equipment, has reduced the cost of fracturing technology.
Further, the fixing rod and the central axis of the piston rod overlap each other. The design enables the central axis of the fixed rod to penetrate through the circle center of the end face of the piston. Through above-mentioned design, the dead lever can drive first connecting rod and second connecting rod better on the one hand, and the effort of first connecting rod, second connecting rod on the other hand to feed plate, row flitch also can be relatively even.
Further, the discharge plate comprises an upper part and a lower part, the section of the discharge plate is T-shaped, and a buffer cushion is arranged at the part of the discharge plate, which is in contact with the cylinder body. The T-shaped section of the discharge plate means that the discharge plate is composed of an upper part and a lower part which are both cylinders, the upper part of the discharge plate is used for realizing the communication or the sealing of the discharge opening, and the lower part of the discharge plate is used for hinging the second connecting rod and guiding the movement of the discharge plate in the discharge opening. The upper part of the discharging plate is positioned above the discharging opening of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the discharging plate is positioned in the cylinder body and is convenient to hinge with the second connecting rod. The part of the lower surface on row flitch upper portion and cylinder body contact is provided with the blotter, and the blotter not only can play the effect of buffering, and too big impulsive force leads to spare part to damage when avoiding row flitch to seal the bin outlet, can also further improve sealed effect simultaneously, and preferably, the blotter setting set up on the bin outlet with row flitch size assorted recess in.
Further, the diameter of the upper part of the discharge plate is 1.5-2.5 times of the diameter of the lower part. It has been found that the opening and closing effect of the discharge plate is best when the diameter of the upper part of the discharge plate is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the lower part.
Furthermore, a cushion pad is arranged on the movable end of the feeding plate. One end of the feeding plate is hinged to the inner wall of the cylinder body, the other end of the feeding plate is a movable end, the movable end is provided with a cushion pad, so that severe collision between the feeding plate and the inner wall of the cylinder body when the feeding plate closes the feeding hole can be avoided, the feeding plate or the link mechanism is damaged, and meanwhile, the cushion pad can also play a certain sealing role. Preferably, when the feeding plate is located at a position for closing the feeding hole, an accommodating groove is formed in the cylinder body, and the height of the accommodating groove is equal to the thickness of the cushion pad on the movable end.
Further, the diameter of the feeding plate is 1.3 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the feeding hole. If the diameter of the feeding plate is too large, the resistance of the feeding plate to the fracturing fluid is increased no matter the feeding plate is opened or the feeding plate is arranged on the pipe wall, so that the control of the connecting rod on the feeding plate is not facilitated, and the damage of a connecting rod mechanism is easily caused; if the diameter of the feeding plate is too small, the sealing effect is not good. In conclusion, it has been found in practice that the diameter of the feed plate is preferably 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the feed opening.
Further, the movable end of the feeding plate is a round angle. Setting the free end of the feed plate to a rounded corner also reduces the resistance the feed plate is subjected to from the fracturing fluid when it is opened or closed.
Further, the cushion pad is made of rubber.
Further, the diameter of the feeding pipe gradually increases from the end far away from the cylinder body to the end close to the cylinder body. Because the diameter increases gradually, the speed when fracturing fluid gets into the cylinder body reduces to some extent, and the impulsive force also descends correspondingly, avoids too fast speed to cause the impact to the feed plate.
Further, the diameter of the end of the feed pipe close to the cylinder body is 1.2 times the diameter of the end far from the cylinder body. Through practice, the impact of the fracturing fluid on the bottom surface of the feed plate can be effectively reduced when the diameter of the end, close to the cylinder body, of the feed pipe is 1.2 times larger than that of the end, far away from the cylinder body, of the feed pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional fracturing pump in which the suction valve and the discharge valve at the hydraulic end adopt spring mechanisms, the invention avoids the problems of increased process cost and reduced efficiency of the fracturing process caused by the decrease of spring force and the decrease of the suction output quantity of fracturing fluid due to the fatigue of the spring in a connecting rod mode, and has universal application value;
2. according to the connecting rod mechanism disclosed by the invention, the feeding plate or the discharging plate is opened and closed along with the reciprocating motion of the piston, so that the impact of fracturing fluid on the discharging plate and the feeding plate can be greatly reduced, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the cost of a fracturing process is reduced;
3. the diameter of the feeding plate is 1.3-1.5 times of the diameter of the feeding hole, if the diameter of the feeding plate is too large, the resistance of the feeding plate to fracturing fluid is increased no matter the feeding plate is opened or the feeding plate is arranged on the pipe wall, the control of a connecting rod on the feeding plate is not facilitated, the damage of a connecting rod mechanism is easily caused, and if the diameter of the feeding plate is too small, the sealing effect is not good.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-cylinder body, 2-piston, 3-piston rod, 4-fixed rod, 5-first connecting rod, 6-second connecting rod, 7-feeding plate, 8-discharging plate, 9-discharging pipe and 10-feeding pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the pump head auxiliary mechanism of the fracturing pump comprises a cylinder body 1 and a piston rod 3, wherein one end of the piston rod 3 movably penetrates through one end surface of the cylinder body 1 and is connected with a piston 2 positioned inside the cylinder body 1, and the other end of the piston rod 3 is connected with a power end of the fracturing pump; the cylinder body 1 is provided with a discharge hole and a feed hole, and the cylinder body 1 is respectively communicated with a discharge pipe 9 and a feed pipe 10 through the discharge hole and the feed hole; the cylinder body is characterized by further comprising a discharging plate 8 matched with the discharging opening and a feeding plate 7 matched with the feeding opening, wherein the top of the discharging plate 8 is positioned above the cylinder body 1, the bottom surface of the discharging plate 8 is positioned in the cylinder body 1 and is hinged with a second connecting rod 6, one end, close to the piston 2, of the feeding plate 7 is hinged to the inner surface of the cylinder body 1, and a first connecting rod 5 is hinged to the upper surface of the feeding plate 7; the first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 6 are hinged with a fixed rod 4, and the fixed rod 4 is fixed on the piston 2; the fixing rod 4 and the central axis of the piston rod 3 are mutually overlapped; the discharge plate 8 comprises an upper part and a lower part, the section of the discharge plate 8 is T-shaped, and a part of the discharge plate 8, which is contacted with the cylinder body 1, is provided with a buffer pad; the diameter of the upper part of the discharging plate 8 is 1.5 to 2.5 times of the diameter of the lower part; a cushion pad is arranged on the movable end of the feeding plate 7; the diameter of the feeding plate 7 is 1.3 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the feeding hole; the movable end of the feeding plate 7 is a round angle. The cushion pad is made of rubber; the diameter of the feeding pipe 10 is gradually increased from one end far away from the cylinder body 1 to one end close to the cylinder body 1; the diameter of the feed pipe 10 near the cylinder 1 is 1.2 times the diameter of the feed pipe far from the cylinder 1.
When the fracturing fluid sucking device is used, when fracturing fluid needs to be sucked, the piston rod 3 drives the piston 2 to reciprocate in the cylinder body 1 under the action of the power end crank-link mechanism. When the piston 2 moves towards the power end of the fracturing pump, the fixing rod 4 moves towards the power end along with the piston 2, so that an included angle between the first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 6 is reduced, the second connecting rod 6 pulls the discharging plate 8 downwards to seal the discharging opening, the first connecting rod 5 pulls the feeding plate 7 to open the feeding opening, and the fracturing fluid is pressed into the cylinder body 1 by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cylinder body 1; when piston 2 moved to feed inlet, bin outlet direction, dead lever 4 also removed to this direction for the contained angle increase between first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 6, second connecting rod 6 upwards backs down row flitch 8, and first connecting rod 5 promotes feed plate 7, makes it seal the feed inlet, thereby fracturing fluid can be by the pressure extrusion cylinder body in the cylinder body 1, gets into row material pipe 9. The device avoids the reduction of spring force and the reduction of the suction output quantity of fracturing fluid caused by spring fatigue in a connecting rod mode, so that the process cost of the fracturing process is increased, the efficiency is reduced, and the device has a universal application value.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The pump head auxiliary mechanism of the fracturing pump comprises a cylinder body (1) and a piston rod (3), wherein one end of the piston rod (3) movably penetrates through one end face of the cylinder body (1) and is connected with a piston (2) positioned in the cylinder body (1), and the other end of the piston rod (3) is connected with a power end of the fracturing pump; the cylinder body (1) is provided with a discharge hole and a feed hole, and the cylinder body (1) is respectively communicated with a discharge pipe (9) and a feed pipe (10) through the discharge hole and the feed hole; the cylinder is characterized by further comprising a discharging plate (8) matched with the discharging opening and a feeding plate (7) matched with the feeding opening, wherein the top of the discharging plate (8) is positioned above the cylinder body (1), the bottom surface of the discharging plate (8) is positioned in the cylinder body (1) and is hinged with a second connecting rod (6), one end, close to the piston (2), of the feeding plate (7) is hinged to the inner surface of the cylinder body (1), and a first connecting rod (5) is hinged to the upper surface of the feeding plate (7); the first connecting rod (5) and the second connecting rod (6) are hinged with a fixing rod (4), and the fixing rod (4) is fixed on the piston (2); the movable end of the feeding plate (7) is provided with a cushion pad, and the contact part of the discharging plate (8) and the cylinder body (1) is provided with the cushion pad.
2. A frac pump head assist mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing bar (4) overlaps the central axis of the piston rod (3).
3. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharge plate (8) comprises an upper portion and a lower portion, the discharge plate (8) being T-shaped in cross-section.
4. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the upper part of the discharge plate (8) is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the lower part.
5. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the feed plate (7) is 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the feed port.
6. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the feed plate (7) is rounded.
7. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the cushion is made of rubber.
8. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the feed pipe (10) increases from the end remote from the cylinder (1) to the end close to the cylinder (1).
9. A fracturing pump head assist mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the feed pipe (10) at the end close to the cylinder (1) is 1.2 times the diameter at the end far from the cylinder (1).
CN201710727951.2A 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Fracturing pump head complementary unit Active CN107387398B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112196771B (en) * 2020-09-29 2022-11-08 长春工业大学 Slope type integrated valve piezoelectric pump
CN111980889B (en) * 2020-09-29 2022-11-18 长春工业大学 Semi-flexible integrated piezoelectric pump with active valve
CN112196754B (en) * 2020-10-04 2022-06-17 长春工业大学 Integrative valve piezoelectric pump based on rhombus mechanism of enlargiing
CN112196778A (en) * 2020-10-06 2021-01-08 长春工业大学 Herringbone integrated valve piezoelectric pump
CN113339537A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-09-03 江苏顺达机械设备有限公司 Convenient type bulkhead gate

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JPS5825614B2 (en) * 1980-08-31 1983-05-28 重夫 中島 Powder pressure feeding method and device
GB2343717A (en) * 1998-11-14 2000-05-17 Vernon Frederick Thomas Green Mechanically-driven double piston air compressor with cooling fan
FR2906332B1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2009-05-08 Jean Christrian Robert DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMING A LINEAR MOVEMENT INTO A ROTATION MOTION IN AN ADJUSTABLE WAY
CN105275772B (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-10-03 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 The high-pressure pump of the stable output of highly pressurised liquid can be kept
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