CN107387146B - Natural smoke exhausting, heat exhausting and tunnel ventilation system and method for subway station track area - Google Patents
Natural smoke exhausting, heat exhausting and tunnel ventilation system and method for subway station track area Download PDFInfo
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- CN107387146B CN107387146B CN201710709076.5A CN201710709076A CN107387146B CN 107387146 B CN107387146 B CN 107387146B CN 201710709076 A CN201710709076 A CN 201710709076A CN 107387146 B CN107387146 B CN 107387146B
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural smoke exhaust, heat extraction and tunnel ventilation system for a subway station track area, which comprises a plurality of natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) arranged at the upper part of the station track area (1), wherein the lower half part of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) are arranged below the ground, the bottom of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions is provided with an air outlet (3), the top of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) is provided with a normally closed electric air outlet (5), and the two side walls of the upper half part of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) are provided with normally open air outlets (4). The invention also discloses a method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in the rail-mounted area of the subway station. The natural smoke discharging, heat discharging and tunnel ventilating system for the subway station track area reduces the occupied area of the ground air pavilion, reduces the influence on urban landscapes, and simultaneously reduces the construction cost of engineering by omitting the arrangement of station heat discharging fans and machine rooms.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention belongs to the technical field of subway station ventilation, and particularly relates to a system and a method for natural smoke discharge, heat removal and tunnel ventilation in a rail-mounted area of a subway station.
Background
Because the subway has the characteristics of high speed, safety, punctual time, large passenger capacity and the like, the subway is an effective means for solving the traffic jam of modern cities, and therefore, the subway is widely used as a main public transport means in tens of large and medium cities in the world. Because the subway platform and the tunnel are mainly underground, a great deal of energy is required to be consumed for heat removal and cooling. At present, except that mechanical ventilation is adopted in cold areas as a main means of heat removal and cooling of subways, air conditioners are adopted in most areas of tropical areas and Asia as main means of heat removal and cooling of subways.
At present, a widely adopted smoke discharging scheme in a rail running area of a domestic subway station is to utilize tunnel fans and air valves arranged in tunnel fan rooms and air channels at two ends of the station, and realize mechanical ventilation and smoke discharging of tunnels at the left side and the right side of the station through opening and closing of the air valves; the heat removal scheme in the track area is that two heat removal fans are respectively arranged at two ends of the station, and the tunnels at the left and right sides of the station are mechanically subjected to heat removal through a track top air channel arranged at the top of the track area and a track bottom air channel arranged at the bottom of the station plate. Because the machine room, the fans and the corresponding air valves are required to be arranged at the two ends of the station, the mechanical equipment is complex in structure, bad in ventilation effect and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in a railway station track area, which utilize the piston effect generated by running a train in the tunnels under normal working conditions to remove accumulated hot air in the station track area, realize ventilation in the station tunnels, achieve the aim of cooling and dehumidifying the tunnels and ensure the requirements of fresh air volume, personnel comfort and temperature and humidity in the tunnels under normal working conditions; when fire disaster occurs in the railway track area of the station, the natural smoke exhaust is adopted to meet the requirements of evacuation and smoke exhaust during the fire disaster in the tunnel.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a natural smoke exhaust, heat removal and tunnel ventilation system for a railway station track area, comprising:
the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions are arranged at the upper part of the station track area, are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the station track area, are spaced 20-40 meters apart, are transversely symmetrically arranged along the platform, and ensure that the number of air openings corresponding to each carriage at the platform is not less than one natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion;
the lower half part of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion is arranged below the ground, the bottom of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is positioned above the station track area and is used for generating a piston effect by utilizing the running of a train in the station track area so as to exhaust hot air or smoke in the station track area into the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion;
the top of natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion is equipped with normally closed electronic air exit, be equipped with normally open air exit on the first half both sides wall of natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion, normally closed electronic air exit and normally open air exit be used for with hot-blast or the flue gas exhaust in the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion realizes the cooling dehumidification or the smoke exhaust in station track district.
Further, the total area of the air outlet is more than or equal to 5% of the total area of the station track area.
Further, the sum of the total area of the normally open air outlet and the normally closed electric air outlet is more than or equal to the total area of the air outlet.
Further, the normally closed electric air outlet is of a double-door structure, and two sides of the double-door structure are movably connected with the top of the natural heat and smoke exhaust pavilion, so that the double-door structure is opened from the middle to the two sides.
Further, the bottom of the normally open air outlet meets the flooding-proof requirement.
Further, each natural heat and smoke exhaust wind booth is spaced by 30 meters.
Further, a shielding door is arranged on one side, close to the platform, of the station track area.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in a railway station track area is provided, and the method is completed by applying the system for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in the railway station track area.
Further, the heat removal and tunnel ventilation comprises the steps of:
(1.1) the train enters a station track area;
(1.2) exhausting hot air in the station track area into the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion by means of a piston effect generated by running of the train in the station track area;
(1.3) the normally open air outlet discharges hot air in the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion, so that heat exhaust and ventilation in the station track area are realized.
Further, the fume extraction comprises the following steps:
(2.1) when the train is in a fire in the station track area;
(2.2) utilizing the hot pressing effect to discharge hot smoke in the station track area into the natural heat and smoke discharging wind pavilion;
(2.3) automatically opening the normally closed electric air outlet, wherein the normally open air outlet and the normally closed electric air outlet jointly exhaust hot smoke in the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion to the outside of a station, so as to realize fire smoke exhaust of the station.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
(1) The natural smoke exhaust, natural heat exhaust and tunnel ventilation system for the rail-mounted area of the subway station realizes natural smoke exhaust, natural heat exhaust and tunnel ventilation in the rail-mounted area of the subway station with the shallow all-height platform door system by utilizing the plurality of natural heat and smoke exhaust wind boxes arranged at the upper part of the rail-mounted area.
(2) According to the method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in the railway station track area, in normal working conditions, the piston effect generated by running of a train in the tunnels is utilized to remove accumulated hot air in the station track area, ventilation and ventilation in the station tunnels are realized, the purposes of cooling and dehumidifying the tunnels are achieved, and the requirements of fresh air quantity, personnel comfort and temperature and humidity in the tunnels in normal working conditions are ensured; when fire disaster occurs in the railway track area of the station, the natural smoke exhaust is adopted to meet the requirements of evacuation and smoke exhaust during the fire disaster in the tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a natural smoke exhaust, heat removal and tunnel ventilation system in a rail-mounted area of a subway station;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a natural smoke exhaust, heat removal and tunnel ventilation system in a rail-mounted area of a subway station.
Like reference numerals denote like technical features throughout the drawings, in particular: 1-station track area, 2-natural heat and smoke exhaust pavilion, 3-air outlet, 4-normally open air outlet, 5-normally closed electric air outlet, 6-station and 7-shielding door.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a natural smoke exhaust, heat removal and tunnel ventilation system in a rail-mounted area of a subway station; fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a natural smoke exhaust, heat removal and tunnel ventilation system in a rail-mounted area of a subway station. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the natural exhaust fume, heat and tunnel ventilation system in the railway station track area mainly comprises a plurality of natural exhaust fume exhaust wind pavilions 2 arranged at the upper part of the station track area 1. The distance between the air outlets 3 of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion 2 near the side of the track area is one within 30m according to the range of any position of the track area, and when a train is stopped at a platform 6, no less than one air outlet is arranged corresponding to each carriage; the area of the exhaust outlet 3 of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion 2 near the side of the track area is designed according to the sum of the areas of the exhaust outlets 3 corresponding to each track area, which is not less than 5% of the total area of the track area. The natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion 2 consists of an air outlet 3 close to the side of a track area, a side normally-open air outlet 4 on the side of the ground, and a top normally-closed electric air outlet 5; the sum of the areas of the normally open air outlet 4 and the normally closed electric air outlet 5 at the ground outlet side is not smaller than the area of the air outlet 3 at the side close to the track area, and the bottom of the normally open air outlet meets the flooding-proof requirement.
The natural smoke exhaust, natural heat exhaust and tunnel ventilation system for the rail-mounted area of the subway station realizes natural smoke exhaust, natural heat exhaust and tunnel ventilation in the rail-mounted area of the subway station with the shallow all-height platform door system by utilizing the plurality of natural heat and smoke exhaust wind boxes arranged at the upper part of the rail-mounted area.
Because the track area adopts natural smoke discharge, the area of the natural smoke discharge port required by fire disaster is larger than the area of the tunnel ventilation port required by normal working condition. During normal working conditions, hot air accumulated in the station track area 1 is discharged outdoors through the exhaust port 4 frequently opened after the exhaust port 3 on the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion 2 by virtue of the piston effect generated by running of a train in a tunnel, so that the purpose of cooling and dehumidifying the tunnel is achieved, and the requirements of fresh air quantity, personnel comfort and temperature and humidity in the tunnel during normal working conditions are ensured; when a fire disaster occurs in the station track area 1, hot smoke gas gathered in the track area is exhausted outdoors through the exhaust port 4 and the normally closed electric exhaust port 5 after passing through the exhaust port 3 on the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion 2 due to the hot pressing effect, so that the evacuation and smoke exhaust requirements in the fire disaster in the tunnel are met.
According to the method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in the railway station track area, in normal working conditions, the piston effect generated by running of a train in the tunnels is utilized to remove accumulated hot air in the station track area, ventilation and ventilation in the station tunnels are realized, the purposes of cooling and dehumidifying the tunnels are achieved, and the requirements of fresh air quantity, personnel comfort and temperature and humidity in the tunnels in normal working conditions are ensured; when fire disaster occurs in the railway track area of the station, the natural smoke exhaust is adopted to meet the requirements of evacuation and smoke exhaust during the fire disaster in the tunnel.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a subway station rail is regional natural fume extraction, heat extraction and tunnel ventilation system, its characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a plurality of natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) arranged at the upper part of a station track area (1), wherein the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the station track area (1), each natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2) is 20-40 m apart, the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilions (2) are transversely and symmetrically arranged along a platform (6), and the situation that a train stops at the platform (6) at an air port corresponding to each carriage is not less than one natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2);
the lower half part of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion (2) is arranged below the ground, the bottom of the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion is provided with an air outlet (3), and the air outlet (3) is positioned above the station track area (1) and is used for utilizing a train to run in the station track area (1) to generate a piston effect so as to exhaust hot air or smoke in the station track area (1) into the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion (2);
the top of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2) is provided with a normally closed electric air outlet (5), two side walls of the upper half part of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2) are provided with normally open air outlets (4), and the normally closed electric air outlet (5) and the normally open air outlet (4) are used for exhausting hot air or smoke in the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2) so as to realize cooling, dehumidification or smoke exhaust of a station track area;
the normally closed electric air outlet (5) is of a double-door structure, two sides of the double-door structure are movably connected with the top of the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2), and therefore the double-door structure is opened from the middle to the two sides.
2. The natural smoke, heat extraction and tunnel ventilation system for subway station track area according to claim 1, wherein the total area of the air outlet (3) is more than or equal to 5% of the total area of the station track area (1).
3. A natural draft, exhaust heat and tunnel ventilation system for a railway station track area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sum of the total area of the normally open air outlet (4) and the normally closed electric air outlet (5) is equal to or greater than the total area of the air outlet (3).
4. A subway station track area natural draft, exhaust heat and tunnel ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-2 wherein the bottom of said normally open air outlet (4) meets flood protection requirements.
5. A subway station track natural draft, exhaust heat and tunnel ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-2 wherein each of said natural exhaust heat and exhaust air kiosks (2) is spaced 30 meters apart.
6. The natural smoke, heat extraction and tunnel ventilation system for the subway station track area according to claim 1 is characterized in that a shielding door (7) is arranged on one side of the station track area (1) close to a platform (6).
7. A method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in a railway station track area, which is characterized in that the method is completed by applying the system for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating tunnels in the railway station track area according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. The method for naturally exhausting smoke, exhausting heat and ventilating a tunnel in a rail-mounted area of a subway station according to claim 7, wherein the exhausting heat and ventilating the tunnel comprises the steps of:
(1.1) the train enters a station track area (1);
(1.2) exhausting hot air in the station track area (1) into the natural heat and smoke exhaust wind pavilion (2) by virtue of a piston effect generated by running of a train in the station track area (1);
and (1.3) the normally open air outlet (4) discharges hot air in the natural heat and smoke exhaust air pavilion (2) to realize heat exhaust and ventilation in the station track area (1).
9. The method for natural smoke evacuation, heat removal and tunnel ventilation in a railway station track area according to claim 7, wherein the smoke evacuation comprises the steps of:
(2.1) when the train is in a fire in the station track area;
(2.2) utilizing the hot pressing effect to discharge hot smoke in the station track area (1) into the natural heat and smoke discharging wind pavilion (2);
(2.3) automatically open normally closed electronic air exit (5), normally open air exit (4) and normally closed electronic air exit (5) are common will the interior hot cigarette of natural heat extraction exhaust fan pavilion (2) is discharged outside the station, realizes station conflagration and discharges fume.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710709076.5A CN107387146B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Natural smoke exhausting, heat exhausting and tunnel ventilation system and method for subway station track area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710709076.5A CN107387146B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Natural smoke exhausting, heat exhausting and tunnel ventilation system and method for subway station track area |
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| CN107387146A CN107387146A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107387146B true CN107387146B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110185487A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-30 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | A kind of rail traffic Shallow-Embedded Under-Ground station public area natural ventilation smoke system |
| CN113062352B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2023-08-25 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Underground pipe gallery ventilation and light transmission structure capable of improving urban road attractiveness |
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