CN107385263B - Device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites - Google Patents
Device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN107385263B CN107385263B CN201710465492.5A CN201710465492A CN107385263B CN 107385263 B CN107385263 B CN 107385263B CN 201710465492 A CN201710465492 A CN 201710465492A CN 107385263 B CN107385263 B CN 107385263B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, and described device includes agitating device, crucible, resistance furnace, feeding device, argon delivery lines；Agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation, connection pedestal, elevator, crucible cover, porous current equalizer, switching smoother and agitating paddle；Agitating paddle is connected with stepless time adjustment motor, and stepless time adjustment motor is fixed on connection pedestal；Connection pedestal, elevator, porous current equalizer are connected with crucible cover respectively, and porous current equalizer and switching smoother are hollow structure, and switching smoother and agitating paddle are respectively positioned in porous current equalizer；It is funnel structure inside switching smoother, through switching smoother, smoother of transferring is fixed on elevator the bar portion of agitating paddle；One end of feeding device and argon delivery lines is connected with porous current equalizer, and the other end passes through crucible cover exposure in air；Crucible is located in resistance furnace, and crucible cover is held between crucible and resistance furnace.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting fields, especially provide it is a kind of it is high-quality, efficiently prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Device and method.
Background technique
SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites have the following performance feature high specific strength, high ratio modulus, thermal expansion coefficient
Small, the good good anti-fatigue performance of the good high-temperature behavior wearability of good stability of the dimension and fracture toughness high damping properties.It removes
Outside with performance characteristics listed above, the reserves of China's aluminium are sufficient, price is relatively cheap, density is small, fusing point is lower, preparation process
The advantages that simple with equipment, can be widely applied to the fields such as aerospace, military affairs, automobile, electronics, sports, become metal
The emphasis of based composites research.
SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites technology of preparing is developed so far, except powder metallurgic method, stirring casting, pressure casting
Make and jet deposition kind main preparation methods outside, there are also prefabricated component method of impregnation, semi-solid casting, intermediate alloy process, from unrestrained combustion method,
Pressureless impregnation method etc..These classifications can be that solid phase method is (main by matrix alloy state in which when being prepared according to composite material
If powder metallurgic method), liquid phase method (mainly stirring casting method), solid-liquid two phase process (mainly spray deposition).Wherein stir
Casting is mixed due to having many advantages, such as that simple process, equipment investment are few, production cost is low, wide adaptability, can be mass-produced, and
By the highest attention of researcher, and there is the report of some practical applications.But stirring casting method need to be prepared under atmospheric environment
SiC ceramic matrix composite material melt sends whirlpool sucking enhancing particle using high-speed rotating blender agitation melt composition, is easily involved in a large amount of gas
Body increases the gas content of Composite Melt, and gas is easy absorption particle aggregation, causes distribution of particles uneven；Same duration
Time is exposed under atmospheric environment, and bath surface is oxidizable, so that oxidation film content increases in composite material, reduces composite material
Quality and performance
Scale application is not yet received in SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, mainly due to lack high quality, efficiently
Rate, the preparation facilities of automation and method.Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop one kind out can gas shield, high-efficient automatic, high quality
Prepare the stirring casting device and preparation method of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as in order to solve SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites manufacturing cost height, low efficiency, unstable quality, this
Invention provides a kind of device and preparation method high-quality, that efficiently prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of device that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that: described device packet
Include agitating device, crucible 5, resistance furnace 6, feeding device 7 and argon delivery lines 9；
Wherein, agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation 1, connection pedestal 2, elevator 3, crucible cover 4, porous current equalizer
8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11；
Agitating paddle 11 is connected with stepless time adjustment motor 1, and stepless time adjustment motor 1 is fixed on connection pedestal 2；Connect bottom
Seat 2, porous current equalizer 8 are connected with crucible cover 4 respectively, and elevator 3 passes through porous current equalizer 8 and is connected with crucible cover 4, porous to flow
Device 8 and switching smoother 10 are hollow structure, and switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11 are respectively positioned in porous current equalizer 8；Turn
It connects for funnel structure inside smoother 10, through switching smoother 10, switching smoother 10 is fixed on the bar portion of agitating paddle 11
On elevator 3, and gone up and down using elevator 3；
One end of feeding device 7 and argon delivery lines 9 is connected with porous current equalizer 8, and it is sudden and violent that the other end passes through crucible cover 4
Dew is in air；
Crucible 5 is located in resistance furnace 6, and crucible cover 4 is held in the gap between crucible 5 and resistance furnace 6.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that: the material of the porous current equalizer 8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11
Matter is graphite material, it is ensured that porous current equalizer 8 and agitating paddle 11 are immersed in alloy melt that not pollute alloy molten for a long time
Body, and the viscous aluminium of 11 blade of agitating paddle is less.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that: the overall size of the porous current equalizer 8 be 5 internal diameter of crucible 0.4~
0.5, upper part and lower part offer through-hole, and bottom is entire alloy melt liquid level at a distance from 5 bottom of crucible
1/3~1/4, end face is concordant with 5 upper surface of crucible.The through-hole of porous 8 lower part of current equalizer is for alloy melt by radial shear
It is dumped into when power in the gap between porous current equalizer 8 and crucible 5；The alloy reflux that the through-hole of upper bit is used to move upwards
In to porous current equalizer 8, solving traditional stirring means can only make alloy melt cause Maelstrom in the radially larger convection current of generation
The problem of volume gas, promotes the uniformity of SiC particulate distribution, improves the internal soundness of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
The overall structure of porous current equalizer 8 is a hollow cuboid, cross section one as a preferred technical solution,
A square being rounded down, radius of corner size are the 1/4~1/3 of porous 8 width of current equalizer.Porous 8 upper surface of current equalizer
With flange, 1 tunger tube access port, 81,1 feed pipe access ports 82 and 2 sides are offered in the upper end of rectangular body sidewall
Slot 83 (two square grooves 83 are symmetrical arranged, the lifting for smoother 10 of transferring), in use, they are in alloy melt liquid always
The top in face.Three layers of through-hole 84 are offered in the middle and lower part of cuboid, the quantity of every layer of through-hole 84 is 8, wherein 4 through-holes 84
It is distributed on fillet cambered surface arc, in addition 4 through-holes 84 are distributed on circumferential four faces.In use, among the through-hole 84 of top layer
Position is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and the position of bottom two layers through-hole 84 and 11 blade of agitating paddle are in sustained height.This three layers logical
The channel that hole 84 is flowed mainly as alloy melt guarantees that alloy melt bulk temperature is uniform rapidly.Wherein two layers of bottom leads to
Hole 84 is for alloy melt outflow in current equalizer, and the through-hole 84 of top layer is flowed into current equalizer for alloy melt.Through-hole
84 shape is kidney-shaped, and wherein the length of top layer's through-hole 84 is the 1/6~1/5 of entire current equalizer height, and width is through-hole 84
The 1/4~1/3 of place plane width；The overall size of bottom two layers through-hole 84 is consistent, and it is high that the length is entire current equalizers
The 1/11~1/10 of degree, width are the 1/6~1/5 of 84 place plane width of through-hole.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that: the outer profile size of the switching smoother 10 is in porous current equalizer 8
The 0.8~0.9 of diameter；Transfer smoother 10 among be equipped with through-hole, the diameter of the through-hole be the gauge diameter of agitating paddle 11 1.5~
2 times；Its bottom is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and height is the 1/3 of porous 8 height of current equalizer, and switching smoother 10 can make to close
The liquid level of golden melt is in steady state, solves tradition stirring and generates that Maelstrom volume gas is serious asks on alloy melt surface
Topic；The switching smoother 10 can also be gone up and down, and position is adjusted flexibly, can when there is more SiC particulate on alloy melt surface
Will transfer, smoother 10 is pressed down, and is forced into SiC particulate in melt and is evenly distributed.
A switching generally hollow cuboid, the surrounding of smoother 10 is rounded down as a preferred technical solution,
Inside porous current equalizer 8.Upper position in its center is the shape (for receiving SiC particulate) of square-shaped hopper, under
Portion is through-hole structure.Square-shaped hopper structure upper end opening size is 0.75 times of switching 10 overall size of smoother, bottom end opening
Size is 0.35 times of switching 10 overall size of smoother.Two are symmetrically arranged in porous 8 upper end side wall middle part position of current equalizer
Threaded hole (fixation for elevator 3), the 0.15~0.2 of a diameter of place plane width.The end face of porous current equalizer 8 and
Bottom surface is plane.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that: the agitating paddle 11 has three layers of blade, counts first layer and third thereon
Layer blade is press-down type, and middle layer blade is upper-turn-type, and all vane pivot radius are porous 8 internal diameters of current equalizer
0.45~0.65；The first layer blade of agitating paddle 11 is between porous 8 top through-hole of current equalizer and second layer through-hole, i.e. agitating paddle
Corresponding porous 8 position of current equalizer of 11 first layer blades cannot open up through-hole, can guarantee SiC be added from feed inlet in this way
Grain can be compressed to the through-hole of porous 8 bottom of current equalizer, and be unlikely to flow out from the through-hole of porous current equalizer 8 too early, thus
SiC particulate is caused to be unevenly distributed in semi solid slurry.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that: bellows, upper end intake port are connected below the feeding device 7
It is the 1/6~1/4 of 5 internal diameter of crucible, inside diameter of bel is 5 internal diameter 1/20~1/40 of crucible.
The present invention also provides the method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites using described device, feature exists
In, the specific steps are as follows:
(1), the determination of alloy melt temperature: in melting, the temperature of aluminum or aluminum alloy melt is controlled in alloy liquid phase
More than line within the scope of 50~80 DEG C；Then alloy melt is refined, fine degenerate, and carries out processing of skimming, finally by earthenware
Aluminium alloy melt temperature in crucible 5 controls below aluminium alloy phase line (the temperature multi-pass excess temperature of alloy melt within the scope of 5-25 DEG C
Degree Acquisition Instrument carries out real time monitoring and number display), and carry out sealed thermal insulating；
(2), porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother will the preparation of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites: be accompanied with
10 agitating paddle 11 extend into aluminum or aluminum alloy solid-liquid mixture and starts stepless speed-regulating motor 1 and is stirred, defeated to argon gas
Pipe 9 is sent to be passed through argon gas protection semi solid slurry, after 1-5min short time mixing, mixing speed is had in 200-600RPM
There is the semi solid slurry of certain viscosity and solid rate；It is added after overpickling and high-temperature oxydation and body from feeding device 7 later
Fraction 2vol-30vol.% micro-meter scale SiC particulate, since the solid phase particles of matrix alloy are mutually touched with SiC particulate
It hits and rubs, cleaned SiC particulate surface, improve wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix, solve biography
It unites and directly adds SiC particulate to liquid alloy melt, lead to SiC particulate and matrix wetability is poor, particle is difficult to be evenly distributed
Problem.In addition, semi solid slurry is in crucible due to the strong stirring shearing of agitating paddle 11 and the suppressing action of switching smoother 10
5 and porous current equalizer 8 in shuttling movement, dendrite in alloy substrate is broken to form more spherical solid phase particles, increases
The chance of frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate obtains after stirring to realize SiC particulate being uniformly distributed in the base
The SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites being evenly distributed；The SiC particulate between solid liquid phase is enhanced into aluminum-base composite material later
Material is warming up to 700~715 DEG C, carries out stirring appropriate simultaneously during heating, and final casting, which obtains SiC particulate, enhances aluminium
Based composites.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that: in the entire whipping process of step (1) and step (2), porous equal
Argon gas is connected with inside and outside stream device 8 always, 2~2.5L/min of argon flow solves traditional paddling process aluminium alloy melt and generates oxidation
The problem of.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that:
SiC particulate used in step (2) is pre-processed, and pretreated method is: first using 2.5~10%
HF solution carry out pickling, then cleaned again with clear water, finally carry out oxidation processes under the conditions of 800~1200 DEG C, hold
Continuous 2~12h, and the volume fraction that SiC particulate is added is controlled in 2%vol-30%vol.
SiC particulate is added to switching smoother 10 using feeding device 7, charging rate is controlled in 80~400g/min, SiC
Particle is stirred the weak whirlpool that the circumferential a small range of paddle 11 generates and is rolled into alloy melt, both ensure that alloy melt not due to
Maelstrom and generating volume gas can be such that SiC particulate is rolled into alloy melt, solve it is traditional it is direct by SiC particulate spread to
Bath surface is simultaneously rolled into alloy melt by Maelstrom thus the problems such as generating volume gas, oxidation.
Using a kind of collection pushing and the multilayer hinged joint agitating paddle 11 of upper-turn-type, shear ability is strong, and alloy can be made molten
Body carries out radial direction and longitudinal flow inside and outside porous current equalizer 8, solves traditional agitating paddle only with pushing or upper-turn-type blade
Alloy melt is caused only radially to carry out convection current, SiC particulate there are problems that reuniting.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that: be ultimately at the enhancing aluminium of the SiC particulate between solid liquid phase in step (2)
Based composites are warming up to 700~715 DEG C, are stirred during heating, mixing speed control 200RPM~
600RPM。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
Using apparatus structure of the present invention, ingenious in design, easy to operate, high degree of automation, stability are good, can efficiently,
Steadily prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
The method of the invention realizes gas shield during the preparation process, reduces air-breathing and the surface of the process melt
Oxidation, reduces the content of gas and oxidation film in melt, avoids in melt particle agglomeration caused by gas-absorbing particulate,
Improve the quality and performance of Composite Melt.
The method of the invention effectively can make SiC particulate be evenly distributed, and alloy melt will not be made to generate big whirlpool
And volume gas problem occurs, the composite material SiC particulate of preparation is evenly distributed, significantly improve Composite Melt quality and
Performance.
To mixing plant without any particular/special requirement, convention stir Casting Equipment can be met the requirements the present invention, have investment
Less, the advantages of high production efficiency, automation easy to accomplish or man-machine integration production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is device overall structure front schematic view that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention overall structure side schematic view.
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention A-A the schematic diagram of the section structure.
Fig. 4 is apparatus of the present invention B-B the schematic diagram of the section structure.
Fig. 5 is device operation schematic diagram that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Fig. 6 is porous current equalizer structural schematic diagram a.
Fig. 7 is porous current equalizer structural schematic diagram b.
Fig. 8 is porous current equalizer structural schematic diagram c.
Fig. 9 is switching smoother structural schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is switching smoother cross-sectional view.
Figure 11 is the microscopic structure signal of the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared using apparatus of the present invention and method
Figure.
Appended drawing reference: 1, motor with stepless speed regulation, 2, connection pedestal, 3, elevator, 4, crucible cover, 5, crucible, 6, resistance
Furnace, 7, feeding device, 8, porous current equalizer, 9, argon delivery lines, 10, switching smoother, 11, agitating paddle, 81, tunger tube access
Mouthful, 82, feed pipe access port, 83, square groove, 84, through-hole.
Specific embodiment
Result and implementation result of the invention are described further below with reference to example:
As Figure 1-10 shows, the device that the present invention uses include agitating device, crucible 5, resistance furnace 6, feeding device 7 and
Argon delivery lines 9；
Wherein, agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation 1, connection pedestal 2, elevator 3, crucible cover 4, porous current equalizer
8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11；
Agitating paddle 11 is connected with stepless time adjustment motor 1, and stepless time adjustment motor 1 is fixed on connection pedestal 2；Connect bottom
Seat 2 is connected with crucible cover 4, and porous current equalizer 8 is connected and fixed with crucible cover 4 using countersunk head hex bolts, and elevator 3 passes through porous
Current equalizer 8 is connected with crucible cover 4, and porous current equalizer 8 and switching smoother 10 are hollow structure, and transfers and smoother 10 and stir
It mixes paddle 11 to be respectively positioned in porous current equalizer 8, the bar portion of agitating paddle 11 is through switching smoother 10；It is leakage inside switching smoother 10
Bucket type structure is fixed on elevator 3 by bolt and nut, when smoother 10 of transferring needs to rise or fall, is only needed
Adjust the height of elevator 3；
The overall structure of the porous current equalizer 8 is a hollow cuboid, and cross section is one and is rounded down just
Rectangular, radius of corner size is the 1/4~1/3 of porous 8 width of current equalizer, and overall size is the 0.4~0.5 of 5 internal diameter of crucible,
And bottom is the 1/3~1/4 of entire alloy melt liquid level at a distance from 5 bottom of crucible, end face and 5 upper surface of crucible are flat
Together.Porous 8 upper surface of current equalizer has flange, the upper end of rectangular body sidewall offer 1 tunger tube access port 81,1 into
Expects pipe access port 82 and 2 square grooves 83.Three layers of through-hole 84 are offered in the middle and lower part of cuboid, the quantity of every layer of through-hole 84 is
8, wherein 4 through-holes 84 are distributed on fillet cambered surface arc, in addition 4 through-holes 84 are distributed on circumferential four faces.Through-hole 84
Shape is kidney-shaped, and wherein the length of top layer's through-hole 84 is the 1/6~1/5 of entire current equalizer height, and width is 84 place of through-hole
The 1/4~1/3 of plane width；The overall size of bottom two layers through-hole 84 is consistent, and the length is entire current equalizer height
1/11~1/10, width is the 1/6~1/5 of 84 place plane width of through-hole.
The switching smoother 10 is a hollow cuboid, and surrounding is rounded down, and is located in porous current equalizer 8
Portion, outer profile size are the 0.8~0.9 of porous 8 internal diameter of current equalizer.Upper position at switching 10 center of smoother is rectangular
The shape of funnel, lower portion are through-hole structure, and the diameter of the through-hole is 1.5~2 times of the gauge diameter of agitating paddle 11, rectangular
Funnel structure upper end opening size is 0.75 times of switching 10 overall size of smoother, and bottom end opening size is switching smoother 10
0.35 times of overall size.Two threaded holes are symmetrically arranged with (for elevator 3 in porous 8 upper end side wall middle part position of current equalizer
Fixation), the 0.15~0.2 of a diameter of place plane width.The end face and bottom surface of porous current equalizer 8 are plane, bottom
Portion is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and height is the 1/3 of porous 8 height of current equalizer.
The agitating paddle 11 has three layers of blade, counts first layer thereon and third layer blade is press-down type, and middle layer
Blade is upper-turn-type, and all vane pivot radius are the 0.45~0.65 of porous 8 internal diameter of current equalizer；The first layer of agitating paddle 11
Between porous 8 top through-hole of current equalizer and second layer through-hole, i.e., 11 first layer blade of agitating paddle is corresponding porous flows blade
8 position of device cannot open up through-hole.
One end of feeding device 7 and argon delivery lines 9 is connected with porous current equalizer 8, and it is sudden and violent that the other end passes through crucible cover 4
Dew is in air；It is connected by bellows with porous current equalizer 8 below feeding device 7, upper end intake port is in crucible 5
The 1/6~1/4 of diameter, inside diameter of bel are 5 internal diameter 1/20~1/40 of crucible；
Crucible 5 is located in resistance furnace 6, and crucible cover 4 is held in the gap between crucible 5 and resistance furnace 6；
The material of the porous current equalizer 8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11 is graphite material.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is the preparation of SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A alloy composite materials: the ingredient of ZL101A alloy material is
Weight percent Si:6.96%, Mg:0.35%, Ti:0.15%, Fe:0.1%, Ni:0.01%, Zn:0.01%, Cu:
0.01%, Mn:0.01%, Sn:0.01%, remaining is Al.The liquidus curve and solidus temperature of ZL101A alloy are respectively 615 DEG C
With 560 DEG C.
Detailed process is as follows:
1), the ZL101A alloy of 30Kg is melted in crucible 5, when the aluminium alloy melt temperature in crucible 5 reaches 680 DEG C
When left and right, alterant is added, argon gas is added after the completion of rotten and is refined (additional amount is the 0.5% of aluminium alloy total weight),
Argon gas is pressed into aluminum alloy melt bottom with bell jar and gently swings, and ZL101A light-alloy liquid is made thoroughly to boil.Until in bell jar
There is no bubbles to emerge, clean with skimming ladle scarfing cinder, and the aluminium alloy temperature in crucible 5 is finally down to 600 DEG C；
2) agitating paddle 11 for, being accompanied with porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother 10 extend into ZL101A alloy pulp
In, when agitating paddle 11 soaks in semi solid slurry completely, start stepless speed-regulating motor 1, and be passed through argon to argon delivery lines 9
Gas shielded semi solid slurry.Semisolid ZL101A alloy pulp is after 3min stirring, mixing speed 400RPM, slurry
Viscosity decreases, mobility enhancing.Dendrite in semi solid slurry is stirred paddle 11 and the shearing of porous current equalizer 8, collision are broken
More solid phase particles are formed after broken, in semi solid slurry.It then will be in advance by pretreatment, SiC of the volume fraction 20%
Particle is added from feeding device 7, flows into switching smoother 10 by the gravity of itself, and it is radial to fall to agitating paddle 11
Small-scale semi solid slurry surface.The weak turbulent flow or whirlpool that the SiC on semi solid slurry surface is nearby generated by agitating paddle 11
Whirlpool is rolled into semi-solid alloy slurry.Due to the stirring shear action of agitating paddle 11, semi solid slurry is in crucible 5 and porous
Biggish convection current is generated in current equalizer 8, the solid phase particles and SiC particulate of matrix alloy are mutually collided and rubbed, to SiC particulate table
Face is cleaned, and wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix are improved.Meanwhile due to dendrite in whipping process
It is broken to form more solid phase particles, the chance of frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate is enhanced, to realize SiC
Grain being uniformly distributed in the base.After stirring by 30min, SiC particulate quickly divides in entire semi-solid aluminium alloy size
Cloth is uniform, finally obtains the SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A Al alloy composite haveing excellent performance.If being added to semi solid aluminum conjunction
The SiC on Gold conductor surface cannot be fully immersed into matrix, and the decline of smoother 10 of transferring can be made by elevator 3, causes to close
Golden semi solid slurry is compressed and is sheared, and pressure enters SiC in semi solid slurry, and it is made sufficiently to be evenly distributed.Most
The SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A Al alloy composite between solid liquid phase temperature is warming up to 715 DEG C afterwards, in the process of heating
In be continuously agitated composite material, prevent SiC particulate from settling, mixing speed control in 200RPM~600RPM, finally pour
Note, which obtains SiC particulate, enhances ZL101A Al alloy composite.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the preparation of SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A alloy composite materials: the ingredient of ZL114A alloy material is
Weight percent Si:7.01%, Mg:0.55%, Ti:0.15%, Fe:0.08%, Ni:0.01%, Zn:0.01%, Cu:
0.01%, Mn:0.01%, Sn:0.01%, remaining is Al.The liquidus curve and solidus temperature of ZL101A alloy are respectively 615 DEG C
With 560 DEG C.
Detailed process is as follows:
1), the ZL114A alloy of 50Kg is melted in crucible 5, when the aluminium alloy melt temperature in crucible 5 reaches 690 DEG C
When left and right, alterant is added, argon gas is added after the completion of rotten and is refined (additional amount is the 0.5% of aluminium alloy total weight),
Argon gas is pressed into aluminum alloy melt bottom with bell jar and gently swings, and ZL101A light-alloy liquid is made thoroughly to boil.Until in bell jar
There is no bubbles to emerge, clean with skimming ladle scarfing cinder, and the aluminium alloy temperature in crucible 5 is finally down to 595 DEG C；
2) agitating paddle 11 for, being accompanied with porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother 10 extend into ZL101A alloy pulp
In, when agitating paddle 11 soaks in semi solid slurry completely, start stepless speed-regulating motor 1, and be passed through argon to argon delivery lines 9
Gas shielded semi solid slurry.Semisolid ZL114A alloy pulp is after 5min stirring, and mixing speed control is in 500RPM, slurry
The viscosity of material decreases, mobility enhancing.Dendrite in semi solid slurry is stirred paddle 11 and the shearing of porous current equalizer 8, touches
Crash through it is broken after, more solid phase particles are formed in semi solid slurry.It then will be in advance by pretreatment, volume fraction 15%
SiC particulate is added from feeding device 7, flows into switching smoother 10 by the gravity of itself, and fall to agitating paddle 11
Radial small-scale semi solid slurry surface.The SiC on semi solid slurry surface by agitating paddle nearby generate it is weak turbulent flow or
Whirlpool is rolled into semi-solid alloy slurry.Due to the stirring shear action of agitating paddle 11, semi solid slurry is in crucible 5 and more
Biggish convection current is generated in hole current equalizer 8, the solid phase particles and SiC particulate of matrix alloy are mutually collided and rubbed, to SiC particulate
Surface is cleaned, and wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix are improved.Meanwhile due to branch in whipping process
The brilliant broken more solid phase particles of formation, enhance the chance of frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate, to realize SiC
Particle being uniformly distributed in the base.After stirring by 30min, SiC particulate is quick in entire semi-solid aluminium alloy size
It is evenly distributed, finally obtains the SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A Al alloy composite haveing excellent performance.If being added to semi solid aluminum
The SiC on alloy pulp surface cannot be fully immersed into matrix, and the decline of smoother 10 of transferring can be made by elevator 3, is caused
Alloy semi-solid slurry is compressed and is sheared, and pressure enters SiC in semi solid slurry, and it is made sufficiently to be evenly distributed.
The SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A Al alloy composite between solid liquid phase temperature is finally warming up to 710 DEG C, in the mistake of heating
It is continuously agitated composite material in journey, prevents SiC particulate from settling, mixing speed is controlled in 200RPM~600RPM, finally
Casting, which obtains SiC particulate, enhances ZL114A Al alloy composite.
Although oneself lists in detail and illustrate preferred embodiment example here, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that can be not
Various structural adjustments and control parameter collocation are carried out in the case where being detached from marrow of the present invention, these contents are considered to be within right
Within the scope of the present invention defined by it is required that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that: described device includes
Agitating device, crucible (5), resistance furnace (6), feeding device (7) and argon delivery lines (9)；
Wherein, agitating device include motor with stepless speed regulation (1), connection pedestal (2), elevator (3), crucible cover (4), it is porous
Flow device (8), switching smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11)；
The agitating paddle (11) is that collection pushes and the multiple impellers of upper-turn-type, agitating paddle (11) and stepless time adjustment motor (1)
It is connected, stepless time adjustment motor (1) is fixed in connection pedestal (2)；Connect pedestal (2), porous current equalizer (8) respectively with crucible
It covers (4) to be connected, elevator (3) passes through porous current equalizer (8) and is connected with crucible cover (4), and switching smoother (10) is hollow knot
Structure, porous current equalizer (8) overall structure are a hollow cuboid, and cross section is a square being rounded down, and is turned
It connects smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11) is respectively positioned in porous current equalizer (8)；It is funnel structure inside switching smoother (10),
The bar portion of agitating paddle (11) is fixed on elevator (3) through switching smoother (10), switching smoother (10), and utilizes lifting
Block (3) is gone up and down；
One end of feeding device (7) and argon delivery lines (9) is connected with porous current equalizer (8), and the other end passes through crucible cover
(4) it exposes in air；
Crucible (5) is located in resistance furnace (6), and crucible cover (4) is held in the gap between crucible (5) and resistance furnace (6).
2. according to high-quality described in claim 1, the efficient device for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that:
The material of the porous current equalizer (8), switching smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11) is graphite material.
3. according to high-quality described in claim 1, the efficient device for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that:
The overall size of the porous current equalizer (8) is the 0.4~0.5 of crucible (5) internal diameter, and upper part and lower part offer through-hole,
And bottom is the 1/3~1/4 of entire alloy melt liquid level at a distance from crucible (5) bottom, end face and crucible (5) upper surface
Concordantly.
4. according to high-quality described in claim 1, the efficient device for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that:
The outer profile size of switching smoother (10) is the 0.8~0.9 of porous current equalizer (8) internal diameter；In switching smoother (10)
Between be equipped with through-hole, the diameter of the through-hole is 1.5~2 times of the gauge diameter of agitating paddle (11)；Its bottom and alloy melt liquid level
Concordantly, height is the 1/3 of porous current equalizer (8) height.
5. according to high-quality described in claim 1, the efficient device for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that:
The agitating paddle (11) has three layers of blade, counts first layer thereon and third layer blade is press-down type, and middle layer blade is
Upper-turn-type, all vane pivot radius are the 0.45~0.65 of porous current equalizer (8) internal diameter；The first layer leaf of agitating paddle (11)
Piece is at the top of porous current equalizer (8) between through-hole and second layer through-hole, i.e., agitating paddle (11) first layer blade is corresponding porous equal
Stream device (8) position cannot open up through-hole.
6. according to high-quality described in claim 1, the efficient device for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that:
Bellows is connected below the feeding device (7), upper end intake port is the 1/6~1/4 of crucible (5) internal diameter, in bellows
Diameter is crucible (5) internal diameter 1/20~1/40.
7. a kind of method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites using claim 1 described device, which is characterized in that
Specific step is as follows:
(1), the determination of alloy melt temperature: in melting, by the control of the temperature of aluminum or aluminum alloy melt aluminium alloy phase line with
Within the scope of upper 50~80 DEG C；Then alloy melt is refined, fine degenerate, and carries out processing of skimming, finally by crucible (5)
In aluminium alloy melt temperature control below aluminium alloy phase line within the scope of 5-25 DEG C, and carry out sealed thermal insulating；
(2), porous current equalizer (8) and intermediate transit smoother will the preparation of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites: be accompanied with
(10) agitating paddle (11) extend into aluminum or aluminum alloy solid-liquid mixture and starts stepless speed-regulating motor (1) and is stirred, to
Argon delivery lines (9) are passed through argon gas protection semi solid slurry, and after 1-5min short time mixing, mixing speed is in 200-
600RPM obtains the semi solid slurry with certain viscosity and solid rate；It is added later from feeding device (7) through overpickling and height
After temperature oxidation and volume fraction is in the micro-meter scale SiC particulate of 2vol-30vol.%, and the SiC being evenly distributed is obtained after stirring
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material；The SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites between the solid liquid phase are warming up to 700 later~
715 DEG C, stirring appropriate is carried out simultaneously during heating, final casting obtains SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
8. according to the method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites described in claim 7, it is characterised in that: in step (1)
And in the entire whipping process of step (2), it is connected with argon gas, 2~2.5L/ of argon flow always inside and outside porous current equalizer (8)
min。
9. according to the method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites described in claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (2)
Used SiC particulate is pre-processed, and pretreated method is: pickling first is carried out using 2.5~10% HF solution,
Then it is cleaned again with clear water, finally carries out oxidation processes under the conditions of 800~1200 DEG C, continue 2~12h, and SiC is added
In 2%vol-30%vol, charging rate is controlled in 80~400g/min for the volume fraction control of particle.
10. according to the method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites described in claim 7, it is characterised in that: in step
(2) the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites being ultimately between solid liquid phase are warming up to 700~715 DEG C, during heating
It is stirred, mixing speed is controlled in 200RPM~600RPM.
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