CN107385263A - Device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites - Google Patents
Device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN107385263A CN107385263A CN201710465492.5A CN201710465492A CN107385263A CN 107385263 A CN107385263 A CN 107385263A CN 201710465492 A CN201710465492 A CN 201710465492A CN 107385263 A CN107385263 A CN 107385263A
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- crucible
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, and described device includes agitating device, crucible, resistance furnace, feed arrangement, argon delivery lines；Agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation, connect base, elevator, crucible cover, porous current equalizer, switching smoother and agitating paddle；Agitating paddle is connected with stepless time adjustment motor, and stepless time adjustment motor is fixed in connect base；Connect base, elevator, porous current equalizer are connected with crucible cover respectively, and porous current equalizer and switching smoother are hollow structure, and switching smoother and agitating paddle are respectively positioned in porous current equalizer；It is funnel structure inside switching smoother, the bar portion of agitating paddle is fixed on elevator through switching smoother, switching smoother；One end of feed arrangement and argon delivery lines is connected with porous current equalizer, and the other end exposes in atmosphere through crucible cover；Crucible is located in resistance furnace, and crucible cover is held between crucible and resistance furnace.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting field, especially provide it is a kind of it is high-quality, efficiently prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Device and method.
Background technology
SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites have following performance characteristics high specific strength, high ratio modulus, thermal coefficient of expansion
The high-temperature behavior wearability small, good stability of the dimension is good well good anti-fatigue performance and fracture toughness high damping properties.Remove
Outside with performance characteristics listed above, the reserves abundance of China's aluminium, price is relatively cheap, density is small, fusing point is relatively low, preparation technology
With equipment it is simple the advantages that, can be widely applied to the fields such as Aero-Space, military affairs, automobile, electronics, sports, turn into metal
The emphasis of based composites research.
SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites technology of preparing is developed so far, except powder metallurgic method, stirring casting, pressure casting
Make and jet deposition kind main preparation methods outside, also prefabricated component method of impregnation, semi-solid casting, intermediate alloy process, from unrestrained combustion method,
Pressureless impregnation method etc..Matrix alloy state in which when being prepared according to composite, can be that solid phase method is (main by these classifications
If powder metallurgic method), liquid phase method (mainly stirring casting method), solid-liquid two phase process (mainly spray deposition).Wherein stir
Casting is mixed due to having the advantages that technique is simple, equipment investment is few, production cost is low, wide adaptability, can be mass-produced, and
Paid high attention to by researcher, and have the report of some practical applications.But stirring casting method need to be prepared under atmospheric environment
SiC ceramic matrix composite material melt, whirlpool suction enhancing particle is sent using the agitator agitation melt composition of high speed rotation, is easily involved in a large amount of gas
Body, increase the gas content of Composite Melt, and the easy adsorption particle of gas is assembled, and causes distribution of particles uneven；Same duration
Time is exposed under atmospheric environment, and bath surface is oxidizable so that oxide-film content increase in composite, reduces composite
Quality and performance
SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites not yet obtain scale application, mainly due to shortage high quality, efficiently
Rate, the preparation facilities of automation and method.Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop one kind can gas shield, high-efficient automatic, high quality
Prepare the stirring casting device and preparation method of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems such as SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites manufacturing cost is high, efficiency is low, quality is unstable, this
Invention provides a kind of device and preparation method high-quality, that efficiently prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of device that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that：Described device bag
Include agitating device, crucible 5, resistance furnace 6, feed arrangement 7 and argon delivery lines 9；
Wherein, agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation 1, connect base 2, elevator 3, crucible cover 4, porous current equalizer
8th, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11；
Agitating paddle 11 is connected with stepless time adjustment motor 1, and stepless time adjustment motor 1 is fixed in connect base 2；Connect bottom
Seat 2, porous current equalizer 8 are connected with crucible cover 4 respectively, and elevator 3 is connected through porous current equalizer 8 with crucible cover 4, porous to flow
Device 8 and switching smoother 10 are hollow structure, and switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11 are respectively positioned in porous current equalizer 8；Turn
It is funnel structure to connect the inside of smoother 10, and the bar portion of agitating paddle 11 is fixed on through switching smoother 10, switching smoother 10
On elevator 3, and lifted using elevator 3；
One end of feed arrangement 7 and argon delivery lines 9 is connected with porous current equalizer 8, and the other end is sudden and violent through crucible cover 4
Dew is in atmosphere；
Crucible 5 is located in resistance furnace 6, and crucible cover 4 is held in the gap between crucible 5 and resistance furnace 6.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The material of the porous current equalizer 8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11
Matter is graphite material, it is ensured that porous current equalizer 8 and agitating paddle 11 are immersed in alloy melt for a long time not to be polluted alloy and melt
Body, and the viscous aluminium of the blade of agitating paddle 11 is less.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The overall size of the porous current equalizer 8 be the internal diameter of crucible 5 0.4~
0.5, its upper and lower part offers through hole, and the distance of bottom and the bottom of crucible 5 is whole alloy melt liquid level
1/3~1/4, end face is concordant with the upper surface of crucible 5.The through hole of the porous bottom of current equalizer 8 is used for alloy melt by radial shear
It is dumped into during power in the space between porous current equalizer 8 and crucible 5；The through hole of upper bit is used for the alloy backflow moved upwards
To in porous current equalizer 8, solving traditional stirring means alloy melt can only be made to cause Maelstrom radially producing larger convection current
The problem of volume gas, the uniformity of SiC particulate distribution is promoted, improve the internal soundness of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
As preferable technical scheme, the overall structure of porous current equalizer 8 is a hollow cuboid, cross section one
The individual square being rounded down, radius of corner size are the 1/4~1/3 of the porous width of current equalizer 8.The porous upper surface of current equalizer 8
With flange, 1 tunger tube access port, 81,1 feed pipe access ports 82 and 2 sides are offered in the upper end of rectangular body sidewall
Groove 83 (two square grooves 83 are symmetrical arranged, the lifting for smoother 10 of transferring), in use, they are in alloy melt liquid all the time
The top in face.Three layers of through hole 84 are offered in the middle and lower part of cuboid, the quantity of every layer of through hole 84 is 8, wherein 4 through holes 84
It is distributed on fillet cambered surface arc, 4 through holes 84 are distributed on circumferential four faces in addition.In use, among the through hole 84 of the superiors
Position is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and the position of bottom two layers through hole 84 and the blade of agitating paddle 11 are in sustained height.This three layers logical
The passage that hole 84 is flowed mainly as alloy melt, ensure that alloy melt bulk temperature is uniform rapidly.Wherein two layers of bottom leads to
Hole 84 is used for alloy melt outflow in current equalizer, and the through hole 84 of the superiors is flowed into current equalizer for alloy melt.Through hole
84 profile is kidney-shaped, and wherein the length of the superiors' through hole 84 is the 1/6~1/5 of whole current equalizer height, and width is through hole 84
The 1/4~1/3 of place plane width；The overall size of bottom two layers through hole 84 is consistent, and its length is that whole current equalizer is high
The 1/11~1/10 of degree, width are the 1/6~1/5 of the place plane width of through hole 84.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The outer profile size of the switching smoother 10 is in porous current equalizer 8
The 0.8~0.9 of footpath；Be provided with through hole among switching smoother 10, the diameter of the through hole be the gauge diameter of agitating paddle 11 1.5~
2 times；Its bottom is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and height is the 1/3 of the porous height of current equalizer 8, and switching smoother 10 can make conjunction
The liquid level of golden melt is in plateau, solves tradition stirring and produces that Maelstrom volume gas is serious to ask on alloy melt surface
Topic；The switching smoother 10 can also be lifted, and position is adjusted flexibly, can when there is more SiC particulate on alloy melt surface
So that switching smoother 10 to be pressed down, SiC particulate is forced into melt and be evenly distributed.
As preferable technical scheme, a switching generally hollow cuboid, the surrounding of smoother 10 is rounded down,
Inside porous current equalizer 8.Wherein the upper position of the heart for square-shaped hopper shape (be used for receive SiC particulate), under it
Portion is through-hole structure.Square-shaped hopper structure upper end open size is 0.75 times of the switching overall size of smoother 10, bottom end opening
Size is 0.35 times of the switching overall size of smoother 10.Two are arranged with the porous upper end side wall middle part of current equalizer 8
Screwed hole (fixation for being used for elevator 3), the 0.15~0.2 of its a diameter of place plane width.The end face of porous current equalizer 8 and
Bottom surface is plane.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The agitating paddle 11 carries three layers of blade, counts first layer and the 3rd thereon
Layer blade is press-down type, and intermediate layer blade is upper-turn-type, and all vane pivot radius are the porous internal diameters of current equalizer 8
0.45~0.65；The first layer blade of agitating paddle 11 is between the porous top through hole of current equalizer 8 and second layer through hole, i.e. agitating paddle
The porous position of current equalizer 8 can not open up through hole corresponding to 11 first layer blades, can so ensure SiC added from charging aperture
Grain can be compressed to the through hole of the porous bottom of current equalizer 8, and be unlikely to flow out from the through hole of porous current equalizer 8 too early, so as to
Cause SiC particulate skewness in semi solid slurry.
Device of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The lower section of the feed arrangement 7 connection bellows, upper end intake port
For the 1/6~1/4 of the internal diameter of crucible 5, inside diameter of bel is the internal diameter 1/20~1/40 of crucible 5.
Present invention also offers the method for preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites using described device, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps that：
(1), the determination of alloy melt temperature：In melting, by the temperature control of aluminum or aluminum alloy melt in alloy liquid phase
More than line in the range of 50~80 DEG C；Then alloy melt is refined, fine degenerate, and carries out processing of skimming, finally by earthenware
(temperature of alloy melt passes through temperature to aluminium alloy melt temperature control in crucible 5 more in the range of 5-25 DEG C below aluminium alloy phase line
Spend Acquisition Instrument and carry out monitoring and numerical monitor in real time), and carry out sealed thermal insulating；
(2), the preparation of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites：Porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother will be accompanied with
10 agitating paddle 11 extend into aluminum or aluminum alloy solid-liquid mixture and starts stepless speed-regulating motor 1 and is stirred, defeated to argon gas
Pipe 9 is sent to be passed through argon gas protection semi solid slurry, after 1-5min short time mixings, mixing speed is had in 200-600RPM
There is the semi solid slurry of certain viscosity and solid rate；Add afterwards after overpickling and high-temperature oxydation from feed arrangement 7 and body
Fraction 2vol-30vol.% micro-meter scale SiC particulate, because the solid phase particles of matrix alloy mutually touch with SiC particulate
Hit and rub, cleaned SiC particulate surface, improve wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix, solve biography
Unite and directly add SiC particulate to liquid alloy melt, cause that SiC particulate and matrix wetability be poor, particle is difficult to what is be evenly distributed
Problem.Further, since the strong agitation shearing of agitating paddle 11 and the suppressing action of switching smoother 10, semi solid slurry is in crucible
5 and porous current equalizer 8 in shuttling movement, dendrite in alloy substrate is broken to form more spherical solid phase particles, adds
The chance of frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate, so as to realize SiC particulate being uniformly distributed in the base, obtained after stirring
The SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites being evenly distributed；The SiC particulate between solid liquid phase is strengthened into aluminum-base composite material afterwards
Material is warming up to 700~715 DEG C, and appropriate stirring is carried out simultaneously during heating, and final cast obtains SiC particulate enhancing aluminium
Based composites.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that：In the whole whipping process of step (1) and step (2), porous equal
Argon gas is connected with inside and outside stream device 8 always, 2~2.5L/min of argon flow amount, traditional paddling process aluminium alloy melt is solved and produces oxidation
The problem of.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that：
SiC particulate used in step (2) needs to be pre-processed, and the method for pretreatment is：First use 2.5~10%
HF solution carry out pickling, then cleaned again with clear water, oxidation processes finally carried out under the conditions of 800~1200 DEG C, are held
Continuous 2~12h, and the volume fraction for adding SiC particulate is controlled in 2%vol-30%vol.
SiC particulate is added to switching smoother 10 using feed arrangement 7, charging rate is controlled in 80~400g/min, SiC
Particle be stirred 11 circumferential a small range of oar caused by weak whirlpool be rolled into alloy melt, both ensure that alloy melt not due to
Maelstrom and producing volume gas and can makes SiC particulate be rolled into alloy melt, solve it is traditional it is direct by SiC particulate spread to
Bath surface and by Maelstrom be rolled into alloy melt so as to produce volume gas, oxidation the problems such as.
Pushed and the multilayer hinged joint agitating paddle 11 of upper-turn-type using a kind of collection, its shear ability is strong, and can melt alloy
Body carries out radially and longitudinal flow, solving traditional agitating paddle only with pushing or upper-turn-type blade porous current equalizer 8 is inside and outside
Alloy melt is caused only to carry out convection current in radial direction, SiC particulate has the problem of reuniting.
The method of the invention, it is characterised in that：Strengthen aluminium in the SiC particulate that step (2) is ultimately between solid liquid phase
Based composites are warming up to 700~715 DEG C, are stirred during heating, mixing speed control 200RPM~
600RPM。
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
Using apparatus structure of the present invention is ingenious in design, easy to operate, automaticity is high, stability is good, can efficiently,
Stably prepare SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
The method of the invention realizes gas shield in preparation process, reduces air-breathing and the surface of the process melt
Oxidation, reduces the content of gas and oxide-film in melt, avoids in melt particle agglomeration caused by gas-absorbing particulate,
Improve the quality and performance of Composite Melt.
The method of the invention effectively can make SiC particulate be evenly distributed, and alloy melt will not be made to produce big whirlpool
And volume gas problem occurs, the composite SiC particulate of preparation is evenly distributed, significantly improve Composite Melt quality and
Performance.
To mixing plant without any particular/special requirement, convention stir Casting Equipment can meet to require the present invention, have investment
Less, the advantages of production efficiency is high, automation or man-machine integration production are easily realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is device overall structure front schematic view that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention overall structure side schematic view.
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention A-A cross-sectional views.
Fig. 4 is apparatus of the present invention B-B cross-sectional views.
Fig. 5 is device operating diagram that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Fig. 6 is porous current equalizer structural representation a.
Fig. 7 is porous current equalizer structural representation b.
Fig. 8 is porous current equalizer structural representation c.
Fig. 9 is switching smoother structural representation.
Figure 10 is switching smoother sectional view.
Figure 11 is the microscopic structure signal of the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared using apparatus of the present invention and method
Figure.
Reference：1st, motor with stepless speed regulation, 2, connect base, 3, elevator, 4, crucible cover, 5, crucible, 6, resistance
Stove, 7, feed arrangement, 8, porous current equalizer, 9, argon delivery lines, 10, switching smoother, 11, agitating paddle, 81, tunger tube access
Mouthful, 82, feed pipe access port, 83, square groove, 84, through hole.
Embodiment
The result and implementation result of the present invention are described further with reference to example：
As Figure 1-10 shows, the device that uses of the present invention include agitating device, crucible 5, resistance furnace 6, feed arrangement 7 and
Argon delivery lines 9；
Wherein, agitating device includes motor with stepless speed regulation 1, connect base 2, elevator 3, crucible cover 4, porous current equalizer
8th, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11；
Agitating paddle 11 is connected with stepless time adjustment motor 1, and stepless time adjustment motor 1 is fixed in connect base 2；Connect bottom
Seat 2 is connected with crucible cover 4, and porous current equalizer 8 is connected with crucible cover 4 using countersunk head hex bolts, and elevator 3 passes through porous
Current equalizer 8 is connected with crucible cover 4, and porous current equalizer 8 and switching smoother 10 are hollow structure, and transfer and smoother 10 and stir
Mix oar 11 to be respectively positioned in porous current equalizer 8, the bar portion of agitating paddle 11 is through switching smoother 10；The inside of smoother 10 transfer as leakage
Bucket type structure, it is fixed on elevator 3 by bolt and nut, when smoother 10 of transferring needs to rise or fall, is only needed
Adjust the height of elevator 3；
The overall structure of the porous current equalizer 8 is a hollow cuboid, and cross section is one and is rounded down just
Square, radius of corner size is the 1/4~1/3 of the porous width of current equalizer 8, and its overall size is the 0.4~0.5 of the internal diameter of crucible 5,
And the distance of bottom and the bottom of crucible 5 is the 1/3~1/4 of whole alloy melt liquid level, end face is put down with the upper surface of crucible 5
Together.The porous upper surface of current equalizer 8 carries flange, and 1 tunger tube access port 81,1 is offered in the upper end of rectangular body sidewall and is entered
Expects pipe access port 82 and 2 square grooves 83.Three layers of through hole 84 are offered in the middle and lower part of cuboid, the quantity of every layer of through hole 84 is
8, wherein 4 through holes 84 are distributed on fillet cambered surface arc, 4 through holes 84 are distributed on circumferential four faces in addition.Through hole 84
Profile is kidney-shaped, and wherein the length of the superiors' through hole 84 is the 1/6~1/5 of whole current equalizer height, and width is the place of through hole 84
The 1/4~1/3 of plane width；The overall size of bottom two layers through hole 84 is consistent, and its length is whole current equalizer height
1/11~1/10, width is the 1/6~1/5 of the place plane width of through hole 84.
The switching smoother 10 is a hollow cuboid, and surrounding is rounded down, in porous current equalizer 8
Portion, its outer profile size are the 0.8~0.9 of the porous internal diameter of current equalizer 8.Upper position at switching smoother 10 center is square
The shape of funnel, its lower portion are through-hole structure, and the diameter of the through hole is 1.5~2 times of the gauge diameter of agitating paddle 11, square
Funnel structure upper end open size is 0.75 times of the switching overall size of smoother 10, and bottom end opening size is switching smoother 10
0.35 times of overall size.Two screwed holes, which are arranged with, in the porous upper end side wall middle part of current equalizer 8 (is used for elevator 3
Fixation), the 0.15~0.2 of its a diameter of place plane width.The end face and bottom surface of porous current equalizer 8 are plane, its bottom
Portion is concordant with alloy melt liquid level, and height is the 1/3 of the porous height of current equalizer 8.
The agitating paddle 11 carries three layers of blade, and it is press-down type to count first layer and third layer blade thereon, and intermediate layer
Blade is upper-turn-type, and all vane pivot radius are the 0.45~0.65 of the porous internal diameter of current equalizer 8；The first layer of agitating paddle 11
Blade is between the porous top through hole of current equalizer 8 and second layer through hole, i.e., porous corresponding to the first layer blade of agitating paddle 11 to flow
The position of device 8 can not open up through hole.
One end of feed arrangement 7 and argon delivery lines 9 is connected with porous current equalizer 8, and the other end is sudden and violent through crucible cover 4
Dew is in atmosphere；The lower section of feed arrangement 7 is connected by bellows with porous current equalizer 8, and upper end intake port is in crucible 5
The 1/6~1/4 of footpath, inside diameter of bel are the internal diameter 1/20~1/40 of crucible 5；
Crucible 5 is located in resistance furnace 6, and crucible cover 4 is held in the gap between crucible 5 and resistance furnace 6；
The material of the porous current equalizer 8, switching smoother 10 and agitating paddle 11 is graphite material.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is the preparation that SiC particulate strengthens ZL101A alloy composite materials：The composition of ZL101A alloy materials is
Percentage by weight Si：6.96%, Mg:0.35%, Ti:0.15%, Fe:0.1%, Ni:0.01%, Zn:0.01%, Cu:
0.01%, Mn:0.01%, Sn:0.01%, remaining is Al.The liquidus curve and solidus temperature of ZL101A alloys are respectively 615 DEG C
With 560 DEG C.
Detailed process is as follows：
1), 30Kg ZL101A alloys are melted in crucible 5, when the aluminium alloy melt temperature in crucible 5 reaches 680 DEG C
During left and right, alterant is added, argon gas is added after the completion of rotten and is refined (addition is the 0.5% of aluminium alloy gross weight),
Argon gas is pressed into aluminum alloy melt bottom with bell jar and gently swung, and ZL101A light-alloys liquid is thoroughly seethed with excitement.Until in bell jar
There is no bubble to be emerged, clean with skimming ladle scarfing cinder, and the aluminium alloy temperature in crucible 5 finally is down into 600 DEG C；
2) agitating paddle 11 for, being accompanied with porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother 10 extend into ZL101A alloy pulps
In, when agitating paddle 11 is soaked in semi solid slurry completely, start stepless speed-regulating motor 1, and argon is passed through to argon delivery lines 9
Gas shielded semi solid slurry.Semisolid ZL101A alloy pulps are after 3min stirrings, mixing speed 400RPM, slurry
Viscosity decreases, mobility enhancing.Dendrite in semi solid slurry is stirred oar 11 and porous current equalizer 8 is sheared, collides and break
More solid phase particles are formed after broken, in semi solid slurry.Then by advance by pretreatment, SiC of the volume fraction 20%
Particle adds from feed arrangement 7, is flowed into by the gravity of itself in switching smoother 10, and under drop down onto agitating paddle 11 radially
The semi solid slurry surface of small range.The SiC on semi solid slurry surface is by caused weak turbulent flow or whirlpool near agitating paddle 11
Whirlpool, it is rolled into semi-solid alloy slurry.Due to the stirring shear action of agitating paddle 11, semi solid slurry is in crucible 5 and porous
Larger convection current is produced in current equalizer 8, the solid phase particles of matrix alloy are mutually collided and rubbed with SiC particulate, to SiC particulate table
Face is cleaned, and improves wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix.Meanwhile due to dendrite in whipping process
It is broken to form more solid phase particles, the chance of frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate is enhanced, so as to realize SiC
Grain being uniformly distributed in the base.After being stirred by 30min, SiC particulate quickly divides in whole semi-solid aluminium alloy size
Cloth is uniform, the final SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A Al alloy composites for obtaining excellent performance.If added to semi solid aluminum closes
The SiC on Gold conductor surface can not be fully immersed into matrix, can be declined switching smoother 10 by elevator 3, be caused to close
Golden semi solid slurry is compressed and sheared, and pressure makes SiC enter in semi solid slurry, and it is fully evenly distributed.Most
The SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A Al alloy composites between solid liquid phase temperature are warming up to 715 DEG C afterwards, in the process of heating
In be continuously agitated composite, prevent SiC particulate from settling, mixing speed control is finally poured in 200RPM~600RPM
Note obtains SiC particulate enhancing ZL101A Al alloy composites.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the preparation that SiC particulate strengthens ZL114A alloy composite materials：The composition of ZL114A alloy materials is
Percentage by weight Si：7.01%, Mg:0.55%, Ti:0.15%, Fe:0.08%, Ni:0.01%, Zn:0.01%, Cu:
0.01%, Mn:0.01%, Sn:0.01%, remaining is Al.The liquidus curve and solidus temperature of ZL101A alloys are respectively 615 DEG C
With 560 DEG C.
Detailed process is as follows：
1), 50Kg ZL114A alloys are melted in crucible 5, when the aluminium alloy melt temperature in crucible 5 reaches 690 DEG C
During left and right, alterant is added, argon gas is added after the completion of rotten and is refined (addition is the 0.5% of aluminium alloy gross weight),
Argon gas is pressed into aluminum alloy melt bottom with bell jar and gently swung, and ZL101A light-alloys liquid is thoroughly seethed with excitement.Until in bell jar
There is no bubble to be emerged, clean with skimming ladle scarfing cinder, and the aluminium alloy temperature in crucible 5 finally is down into 595 DEG C；
2) agitating paddle 11 for, being accompanied with porous current equalizer 8 and intermediate transit smoother 10 extend into ZL101A alloy pulps
In, when agitating paddle 11 is soaked in semi solid slurry completely, start stepless speed-regulating motor 1, and argon is passed through to argon delivery lines 9
Gas shielded semi solid slurry.Semisolid ZL114A alloy pulps are after 5min stirrings, and mixing speed control is in 500RPM, slurry
The viscosity of material decreases, mobility enhancing.Dendrite in semi solid slurry is stirred oar 11 and porous current equalizer 8 is sheared, touched
Crash through it is broken after, more solid phase particles are formed in semi solid slurry.Then by advance by pretreatment, volume fraction 15%
SiC particulate adds from feed arrangement 7, by the gravity of itself flow into switching smoother 10 in, and under drop down onto agitating paddle 11
The semi solid slurry surface of radial direction small range.The SiC on semi solid slurry surface by agitating paddle nearby caused by it is weak turbulent flow or
Whirlpool, it is rolled into semi-solid alloy slurry.Due to the stirring shear action of agitating paddle 11, semi solid slurry is in crucible 5 and more
Larger convection current is produced in hole current equalizer 8, the solid phase particles of matrix alloy are mutually collided and rubbed with SiC particulate, to SiC particulate
Surface is cleaned, and improves wetability and interface cohesion between SiC particulate and matrix.Meanwhile due to branch in whipping process
The brilliant broken chance for forming more solid phase particles, enhancing frictional impact between matrix and SiC particulate, so as to realize SiC
Particle being uniformly distributed in the base.After being stirred by 30min, SiC particulate is quick in whole semi-solid aluminium alloy size
It is evenly distributed, the final SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A Al alloy composites for obtaining excellent performance.If added to semi solid aluminum
The SiC on alloy pulp surface can not be fully immersed into matrix, can be declined switching smoother 10 by elevator 3, be caused
Alloy semi-solid slurry is compressed and sheared, and pressure makes SiC enter in semi solid slurry, and it is fully evenly distributed.
The SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A Al alloy composites between solid liquid phase temperature are finally warming up to 710 DEG C, in the mistake of heating
Composite is continuously agitated in journey, prevents SiC particulate from settling, mixing speed control is in 200RPM~600RPM, finally
Cast obtains SiC particulate enhancing ZL114A Al alloy composites.
Although oneself lists and illustrates preferred embodiment example in detail here, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that can be not
Various structural adjustments and control parameter collocation are carried out in the case of departing from marrow of the present invention, these contents are considered to be within right
It is required that within the scope of the present invention limited.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. device that is high-quality, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that：Described device includes Agitating device, crucible (5), resistance furnace (6), feed arrangement (7) and argon delivery lines (9)；Wherein, agitating device include motor with stepless speed regulation (1), connect base (2), elevator (3), crucible cover (4), it is porous Flow device (8), switching smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11)；Agitating paddle (11) is connected with stepless time adjustment motor (1), and stepless time adjustment motor (1) is fixed in connect base (2)；Even Connect base (2), porous current equalizer (8) is connected with crucible cover (4) respectively, elevator (3) passes through porous current equalizer (8) and crucible cover (4) it is connected, porous current equalizer (8) and switching smoother (10) are hollow structure, and transfer smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11) it is respectively positioned in porous current equalizer (8)；Internal smoother (10) of transferring is funnel structure, and the bar portion of agitating paddle (11) runs through Switching smoother (10), switching smoother (10) is fixed on elevator (3), and is lifted using elevator (3)；One end of feed arrangement (7) and argon delivery lines (9) is connected with porous current equalizer (8), and the other end passes through crucible cover (4) expose in atmosphere；Crucible (5) is located in resistance furnace (6), and crucible cover (4) is held in the gap between crucible (5) and resistance furnace (6).
- 2. according to device high-quality described in claim 1, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that： The material of the porous current equalizer (8), switching smoother (10) and agitating paddle (11) is graphite material.
- 3. according to device high-quality described in claim 1, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that： The overall size of the porous current equalizer (8) is the 0.4~0.5 of crucible (5) internal diameter, and its upper and lower part offers through hole, And the distance of bottom and crucible (5) bottom is the 1/3~1/4 of whole alloy melt liquid level, end face and crucible (5) upper surface Concordantly.
- 4. according to device high-quality described in claim 1, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that： The outer profile size of the switching smoother (10) is the 0.8~0.9 of porous current equalizer (8) internal diameter；In switching smoother (10) Between be provided with through hole, the diameter of the through hole is 1.5~2 times of the gauge diameter of agitating paddle (11)；Its bottom and alloy melt liquid level Concordantly, height is the 1/3 of porous current equalizer (8) height.
- 5. according to device high-quality described in claim 1, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that： The agitating paddle (11) carries three layers of blade, and it is press-down type to count first layer and third layer blade thereon, and intermediate layer blade is Upper-turn-type, all vane pivot radius are the 0.45~0.65 of porous current equalizer (8) internal diameter；The first layer leaf of agitating paddle (11) Piece is between porous current equalizer (8) top through hole and second layer through hole, i.e., porous equal corresponding to agitating paddle (11) first layer blade Stream device (8) position can not open up through hole.
- 6. according to device high-quality described in claim 1, efficiently preparing SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that： Connection bellows below the feed arrangement (7), upper end intake port are the 1/6~1/4 of crucible (5) internal diameter, in bellows Footpath is crucible (5) internal diameter 1/20~1/40.
- A kind of 7. method that SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared using claim 1 described device, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps that：(1), the determination of alloy melt temperature：In melting, by the temperature control of aluminum or aluminum alloy melt aluminium alloy phase line with In the range of upper 50~80 DEG C；Then alloy melt is refined, fine degenerate, and carries out processing of skimming, finally by crucible (5) In aluminium alloy melt temperature control below aluminium alloy phase line in the range of 5-25 DEG C, and carry out sealed thermal insulating；(2), the preparation of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites：Porous current equalizer (8) and intermediate transit smoother will be accompanied with (10) agitating paddle (11) extend into aluminum or aluminum alloy solid-liquid mixture and starts stepless speed-regulating motor (1) and is stirred, to Argon delivery lines (9) are passed through argon gas protection semi solid slurry, and after 1-5min short time mixings, mixing speed is in 200- 600RPM, obtain the semi solid slurry with certain viscosity and solid rate；Added afterwards from feed arrangement (7) through overpickling and height After temperature oxidation and volume fraction is in 2vol-30vol.% micro-meter scale SiC particulate, and the SiC being evenly distributed is obtained after stirring Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material；The SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites between solid liquid phase are warming up to 700 afterwards~ 715 DEG C, appropriate stirring is carried out simultaneously during heating, final cast obtains SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
- 8. according to the method that SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared described in claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (1) And in the whole whipping process of step (2), argon gas, 2~2.5L/ of argon flow amount are connected with always inside and outside porous current equalizer (8) min。
- 9. according to the method that SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared described in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step (2) Used SiC particulate needs to be pre-processed, and the method for pretreatment is：Pickling first is carried out using 2.5~10% HF solution, Then cleaned again with clear water, oxidation processes are finally carried out under the conditions of 800~1200 DEG C, continue 2~12h, and add SiC The volume fraction control of particle is controlled in 80~400g/min in 2%vol-30%vol, charging rate.
- 10. according to the method that SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared described in claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (2) the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites being ultimately between solid liquid phase are warming up to 700~715 DEG C, during heating It is stirred, mixing speed is controlled in 200RPM~600RPM.
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