CN107376182A - A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher - Google Patents
A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher Download PDFInfo
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- CN107376182A CN107376182A CN201710713854.8A CN201710713854A CN107376182A CN 107376182 A CN107376182 A CN 107376182A CN 201710713854 A CN201710713854 A CN 201710713854A CN 107376182 A CN107376182 A CN 107376182A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical products and extinguishing chemical field, more particularly to a kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher.Extinguishing chemical of the present invention is prepared using plant leaching liquor immersion, plant ash, graphene, fire retardant and water as raw material；Plant leaching liquor immersion therein is extracted to obtain by corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel.After tested, graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention has excellent flame-retarding fire-extinguishing performance, it can adapt to the fire extinguishing demand of a variety of varying environments, and extinguishing chemical of the present invention is using natural component as raw material, it is green, non-pollutant discharge, air, water quality, soil will not be caused damage during use, be advantageous to the recovery of scene of a fire ecology, will not also have a negative impact to the mankind, animal survival and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical products and extinguishing chemical field, more particularly to a kind of graphene plant composite type flame-retarding fire-extinguishing
Agent.
Background technology
At present, domestic and international wide variety of traditional extinguishing chemical, such as：Water, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, alkyl halide etc.,
In fire extinguishing procedure, all it is using properties such as the noninflammability of itself, heat absorptivity, dilution property, by heat-insulated oxygen barrier, terminates substance combustion
The effects such as chain reaction reach the purpose of fire extinguishing.In order to improve extinguishing property, traditional extinguishing chemical can further strengthen heat absorptivity, resist
The property such as burning property, film forming, diffusivity, but raising degree of the above-mentioned means to extinguishing property is often very limited, when in face of oil depot
The situation of the burned for long time such as big fire, combustion centre's temperature are up to more than 3000 DEG C, when burning liquid level temperature is more than 400 DEG C, passed
Extinguishing chemical of uniting is all helpless.
In the early 1980s, researcher has started the research of plant type composite flame-proof extinguishing chemical, research mesh at that time
Mark is directed to merely the flame-retarding fire-extinguishing of automotive oil tank, but the result of the test at initial stage is not ideal enough, until the end of the eighties, a kind of brand-new
Plant type composite flame-proof extinguishing chemical, take the lead in succeeding in developing and achieving patent of invention, Zhao Guangsheng etc. in China in " plant liquid
One kind is disclosed in composite flame-retardant agent " (CN88104118.1) by yellow wormwood artemisia, black wormwood artemisia, elm root skin, Chinese mugwort, cabbage, mabi, corn flower
It is main flame-retardant composition Deng the water extraction liquid of plant and plant ash, addition anionic, nonionic or amphoteric ion type surface
Liquid composite fire-retardant made of the additive compound such as activating agent and triethanolamine, calcium chloride, its fire-retardant flame blow-off velocity is fast, application surface
Extensively, especially suitable for fire caused by flammable liquid of putting out a fire to save life and property, grease etc..Plant type composite flame-proof extinguishing chemical is different from tradition and put out a fire
Agent, it is biochemistry and physicochemical properties using its constituent, changes the ignition quality of combustible substance, make it
It is changed into flame retardancy or noninflammability from inflammability, so as to reach the purpose of fire extinguishing, in practice it has proved that, its flame-retarding fire-extinguishing effect is more managed
Think.In addition, compared with chemical, plant extinguishing chemical will not cause substantially to damage to environment such as air, water quality, soil, have
Beneficial to the recovery of scene of a fire ecology, will not also have a negative impact to the mankind, animal survival and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
In order to further improve the extinguishing property of plant type composite flame-proof extinguishing chemical, expand its scope of application, we are upper
On the basis of stating existing plant type extinguishing chemical, extinguishing chemical formula components have been carried out with extensive screening and substantial amounts of contrast test.
It was found that after adding a certain amount of graphene in putting out a fire agent prescription to plant type, its extinguishing property is obviously improved.
Graphene is a kind of cellular flat film formed by carbon atom with sp2 hybrid forms, is a kind of only one layer
Or the quasi- two-dimensional material of multilayer atomic thickness.Graphene is due to special with very good intensity, flexible, conductive, heat conduction, optics
Property, it is widely applied in fields such as physics, material, electronic information, computer, Aero-Space.In extinguishing chemical field, also have
Researcher attempts to prepare extinguishing chemical using graphene and make some progress, such as a kind of application for a patent for invention " graphene
Superfine material extinguishing chemical " (CN201610768182.6) discloses a kind of graphene extinguishing chemical, be using water as carrier, with the addition of through
Modified graphene, surfactant, antifreeze, fire retardant, thickener, preservative is crossed to be made.
However, because application of the graphene in extinguishing chemical field is still in the exploratory stage, furthermore, it is contemplated that plant type is compound
The limitation of the particularity of fire retardant extinguisher constituent and itself production technology, at present, there is not yet graphene is used to produce
The correlative study of plant type composite flame-proof extinguishing chemical and report, also emerge without similar product.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide it is a kind of using water and natural plants as primary raw material, using materials such as graphenes as made of auxiliary agent
Multi-functional, the compound fire retardant extinguisher of multi-purpose plant, environmental protection is realized while highly effective flame-retardant fire extinguishing function is played
Target.
The present invention, by contrast test repeatedly, have developed a kind of effect and show on the basis of extensive retrieval, screening
Write, the graphene plant composite type flame-retarding fire-extinguishing agent prescription that security is good.This formula is using water, plant and plant ash to be main former
Material；Also include following auxiliary agent：Synergist (graphene, coconut shell flour), fire retardant (aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, poly phosphorus
Sour ammonium, Firebrake ZB, antimony oxide etc.).
The flame-retarding fire-extinguishing mechanism of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention is as follows：
1. change the ignition quality of material
Due to containing a certain amount of flame retardant activity thing in graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher constituent of the present invention
Matter, these materials itself have the ability of very strong change substance combustion property, when these materials contact with combustible substance phase body
When, strong compatibility phase body infiltration can be produced to combustible substance phase body rapidly and synchronously carries out phase body emulsification rapidly, and is being oozed
Thoroughly, while emulsification, by the molten ignition quality for being contained in the phase body being emulsified, thus changing original matter of flame retardant activity material,
It is converted into fire retardant, non-combustible matter by inflammable, combustible, reach the purpose for fundamentally changing substance combustion property, so as to
Force fire end；
2. absorbing and cooling temperature
Water is the Main Ingredients and Appearance of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention, and water can absorb big when evaporating and gasifying
The heat of amount, rapid spatial expansion, when vapor occupy more than the 30% of combustion space volume or vapor be cooled to comburant
When below the burning-point of matter, burning voluntarily stops；
3. dilution is fire-retardant
Graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention itself is not only anti-flammability material, and be highly soluble in water,
Therefore for water miscible inflammable, combustible, it can also play dilution, fire-retardant double action simultaneously, when extinguishing chemical supply is strong
Degree makes the combustible concentration of combustible substance or combustion intensity drops to when maintaining below combustion limits value, and flame can self-extinguish；
4. conjunctiva is closed
Because active material and conjunctiva material contained in graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention are to temperature
Sensitiveness is very strong, and easy film coalescence, and can be in the condition of combustible substance species, ignition temperature and material interface tension variation
Under, form different conjunctivas (such as：Vacuolar membrane, glued membrane, burnt film, composite membrane etc.) be covered on combustible substance surface, play oxygen barrier every
Heat effect, so as to enclose flammable vapour, burning heat transfer is cut off, finally forced burning to stop.
Graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention, it is characterised in that it is made up of the raw material of following weight parts
's：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26-30, plant ash 10-12, graphene 3.5-4.5, fire retardant 6-8, surplus are water；
Wherein, the plant leaching liquor immersion is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Corn stigma 20-30, rag 8-10, Chinese yam 15-20, elm bark 10-15, pomelo peel 10-15；
The plant leaching liquor immersion is made by following steps：
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, water is measured in 10-12 times of addition after crushing, leaching
Bubble boiling 2 hours after 2 hours, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, mistake into filter residue again
Filter, merging filtrate obtain plant leaching liquor immersion.
Preferably, the parts by weight of above-mentioned each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, fire retardant 6, surplus are water.
Preferably, the parts by weight of above-mentioned each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 28, plant ash 11, graphene 4.0, fire retardant 7, surplus are water.
Preferably, the parts by weight of above-mentioned each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, fire retardant 8, surplus are water.
Further, the raw material of the graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, which is made, also includes following weight parts：
Coconut shell flour 3.0-3.5.
Preferably, the graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, fire retardant 6, coconut shell flour 3.0, surplus are water.
It is further preferred that the graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, fire retardant 8, coconut shell flour 3.5, surplus are water.
Further, the fire retardant being made in the raw material of above-mentioned graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher is hydroxide
One or more of compositions in aluminium, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, Firebrake ZB, antimony oxide.
Further, the invention further relates to above-mentioned graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher to prepare following extinguishment products
In application：Ointment, gel, foaming agent, dry powder doses, solution.
In addition, present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
(1) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(2) plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with above-mentioned plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene and fire retardant, fully mix
Ultrasound 30 minutes afterwards, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
After tested, graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention has excellent flame-retarding fire-extinguishing performance, Neng Goushi
The fire extinguishing demand of a variety of varying environments is answered, and extinguishing chemical of the present invention uses natural component as raw material, green, contamination-free
Discharge, will not cause damage during use to air, water quality, soil, be advantageous to the recovery of scene of a fire ecology, also will not be to people
Class, animal survival and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery have a negative impact.And extinguishing chemical prescription of the present invention is simple, cost is cheap, production
Simple process is easy, is especially suitable for the current market demand.
Brief description of the drawings
Blowout fire-retarding device figure in Fig. 1 application blowout fire fighting tests.
Embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also pass through specific realities different in addition
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints with application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under the spirit of the present invention.
Before the specific embodiment of the invention is further described, it should be appreciated that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
State specific specific embodiment；It is also understood that the term used in the embodiment of the present invention is specific specific in order to describe
Embodiment, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
When embodiment provides number range, it should be appreciated that except non-invention is otherwise noted, two ends of each number range
Any one numerical value can be selected between point and two end points.Unless otherwise defined, in the present invention all technologies for using and
Scientific terminology is identical with the meaning that those skilled in the art of the present technique are generally understood that.Except used in embodiment specific method, equipment,
Outside material, according to grasp of the those skilled in the art to prior art and the record of the present invention, it can also use and this
Any method, equipment and the material of the similar or equivalent prior art of method, equipment described in inventive embodiments, material come real
The existing present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, aluminium hydroxide 6, surplus are water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) plant material of following weight parts is weighed：
Corn stigma 20, rag 8, Chinese yam 15, elm bark 10, pomelo peel 10；
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, 12 times of amount water, immersion 2 are added after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene and aluminium hydroxide, it is fully mixed
Ultrasound 30 minutes after even, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
Embodiment 2
A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, aluminium hydroxide 4, magnesium hydroxide 4, surplus are water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) plant material of following weight parts is weighed：
Corn stigma 30, rag 10, Chinese yam 20, elm bark 15, pomelo peel 15；
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, 10 times of amount water, immersion 2 are added after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene, aluminium hydroxide and hydroxide
Magnesium, ultrasound 30 minutes after fully mixing, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
Embodiment 3
A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, aluminium hydroxide 6, coconut shell flour 3.0, surplus are water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) plant material of following weight parts is weighed：
Corn stigma 20, rag 8, Chinese yam 15, elm bark 10, pomelo peel 10；
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, 12 times of amount water, immersion 2 are added after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene, aluminium hydroxide and coconut husk
Powder, ultrasound 30 minutes after fully mixing, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
Embodiment 4
A kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, aluminium hydroxide 4, magnesium hydroxide 4, coconut shell flour 3.5, surplus are
Water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) plant material of following weight parts is weighed：
Corn stigma 30, rag 10, Chinese yam 20, elm bark 15, pomelo peel 15；
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, 10 times of amount water, immersion 2 are added after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene, aluminium hydroxide, hydroxide
Magnesium and coconut shell flour, ultrasound 30 minutes after fully mixing, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
Comparative example 1
A kind of plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, aluminium hydroxide 4, magnesium hydroxide 4, surplus are water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) plant material of following weight parts is weighed：
Corn stigma 30, rag 10, Chinese yam 20, elm bark 15, pomelo peel 15；
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, 10 times of amount water, immersion 2 are added after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decocting 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby,
Filter residue is repeated into extraction 1 time under the same terms, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with plant ash leaching liquor, then adds aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, fully
Ultrasound 30 minutes after mixing, gained filtrate is plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
Comparative example 2
A kind of plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 100, dodecyl polyoxyethylene sodium sulphate 50, triethanolamine 1, natrium nitrosum 10, the nitrogen of benzo three
Azoles 4, hexamethylenetetramine 0.3, calcium chloride 15, surplus are water.
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) raw material of following weight parts is weighed：
Yellow wormwood artemisia 10, black wormwood artemisia 10, folium artemisiae argyi 10, elm root skin 5, plant ash 40, Tween-80 20, water 400；
By yellow wormwood artemisia, black wormwood artemisia, folium artemisiae argyi, elm root skin dry, crush after mixed with plant ash, Tween-80 and water, soak at room temperature 2
After hour, boiling 2 hours, cold filtration, filtrate is plant leaching liquor immersion；
(2) to 20 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 2 hours, decoct 2 hours, cold filtration, filtrate is
Plant ash leaching liquor；
(3) above-mentioned plant leaching liquor immersion is put into stirring container, is warming up to 40 DEG C, sequentially adds 12 under agitation
Alkyl polyoxyethylene sodium sulphate, BTA, natrium nitrosum, calcium chloride, triethanolamine, hexamethylenetetramine, feed intake completion
After continue stirring 1 hour, it is well mixed to obtain composite flame-retardant agent；
(4) above-mentioned composite flame-retardant agent is diluted according to 8% concentration with above-mentioned plant ash leaching liquor and obtains plant
Compound fire retardant extinguisher.
Flame-retarding fire-extinguishing is tested
1. application blowout fire fighting test
Experiment rescue object：Blowout suppression modeling experiment is carried out so that Kuwait produces 5000t crude oil oil wells daily as an example.
This experiment use blowout flame-retarding fire-extinguishing device as shown in Figure 1, by pressure-resistant oil tank 1, petroleum pipeline 2, fire-retardant mixing
Device 3, blowout pipe 4, fire retardant extinguisher basin 5, woven hose 6, air compressor 7, appendix 8, oil-supplying switch 9, feed flow switch 10
Form.
Experimental method：First quantitative fuel oil is injected in the pressure-resistant oil tank 1 in underground, then the injection of fire retardant extinguisher mixed liquor is fire-retardant
In foamite storage tank 5, then start air compressor 7, air pressure is reached specification requirement, meet experimental physics parameter through check
After (being shown in Table 1), oil-supplying switch 9 is opened, lights fuel oil rapidly, after normal blowout fired state to be achieved, opened feed flow immediately and open
Close 10 and carry out blowout fire extinguishing, while timing determines, extinguishing effect is as shown in table 2.
The experimental physics parameter of table 1
The extinguishing effect parameter of table 2
| Mixed liquor classification | Muzzle velocity (M/s) | Attack time (s) |
| Embodiment 1 | 19.75 | 12 |
| Embodiment 2 | 19.87 | 11 |
| Embodiment 3 | 19.82 | 9 |
| Embodiment 4 | 19.77 | 8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 19.84 | 19 |
| Comparative example 2 | 19.80 | 17 |
In order to further verify flame retardant effect (modification power), it is (modified to light landing thing 30 seconds with 200mm fireballs
Fluid), each embodiment group landing thing does not burn, thus proves that the combustibles lose inflammability completely, is changed into incombustible.And
Comparative example group still has a small amount of landing thing that resume combustion occurs, and illustrates modification of the comparative example group mixed liquor to fuel oil not fully, fire-retardant effect
Fruit is poor.
2. application marine fire-extinguishing is tested
Experiment rescue object：Combined extinguishing experiment is carried out by taking watercraft engine room as an example.
This experiment is carried out in the fixed fire extinguishing system of Denmark's Ai Sibiya fire-fighting schools metallographictest room, by high-pressure oil pump,
Fuel tank, high-pressure oil pipe, atomizer, food tray, oil groove, blindage oil sump etc. form combustion system, by supply-water pump, Water supply switch valve, water supply
Band, feed pipe, shower nozzle, foamite storage tank, extinguishing chemical switch, proportioner etc. form fire extinguishing system, and with experiments supporting
It is overall that main frame, slave, barrier, liquid overflow pipe etc. form a complete experiment.
Experimental method：First fire retardant extinguisher is quantified in injection foamite storage tank, then kerosene is injected separately into fuel tank, oil
In groove, blindage oil sump, finally by quantitative heptane injection food tray, after check meets experimental physics parameter (being shown in Table 3), start
High-pressure oil pump when atomizer sprays in mist, lights each portion's fuel oil, makes its all burning simultaneously, through 60 to operating pressure
Second prespark period, while Water supply switch valve and extinguishing chemical switch are opened, and meanwhile the time used in timing fire extinguishing, extinguishing effect such as table 4
It is shown.
The experimental physics parameter of table 3
The extinguishing effect parameter of table 4
3. toxicity test
To ensure personal safety of the fire fighter in fire fighting and rescue, toxicity test is carried out to extinguishing chemical.
Experimental standard：GB 15193.3-2014 national food safety standard acute oral toxicity tests.
Experiment condition：
A) animal：Kunming mouse, body weight 18-22g, each 20 of male and female, random packet.
B) extinguishing chemical dosage choice：Be divided into four groups, respectively 2150,4640,10000,21500mg/kg.
C) sample treatment：Using distilled water diluting, reach concentration needed for each group.
Experimental method：HornShi methods, gavage amount are observed seven days after mouse stomach per 10g body weight 0.2ml, do not occur death
And other poisoning symptoms.
Experiment conclusion：Mouse median lethal dose (LD50) it is more than 10000mg/kg, belong to actual innocuous substance.
Graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention is can be seen that by above-mentioned experiment to have the characteristics that：
1. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention is by implementing affine, infiltration, emulsification, modified to oil product,
Can fundamentally change burning thing property, it is changed into incombustible from inflammable combustible, so as to reach the mesh of fire extinguishing
, its extinguishing effect is very notable.
2. fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention can also with absorbing and cooling temperature, conjunctiva, heat-insulated, oxygen barrier and closing fuel gas, prevention
The effect that combustion gas evacuator body is propagated, the above-mentioned mutually coordinated effect of performance, shows good Combined extinguishing efficiency.
3. green plants of the constitutive material system from the Nature of fire retardant extinguisher of the present invention, therefore to human body and rescue pair
As and rescue condition will not cause secondary pollution, environmental-protecting performance is remarkable.
The preferred embodiments of the disclosure and embodiment are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to
The above-described embodiment and examples, in those skilled in the art's possessed knowledge, the present invention can also not departed from
Various changes can be made on the premise of design.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher, it is characterised in that it is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26-30, plant ash 10-12, graphene 3.5-4.5, fire retardant 6-8, surplus are water；
Wherein, the plant leaching liquor immersion is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
Corn stigma 20-30, rag 8-10, Chinese yam 15-20, elm bark 10-15, pomelo peel 10-15；
The plant leaching liquor immersion is made by following steps：
Corn stigma, rag, Chinese yam, elm bark and pomelo peel are mixed, dried, water, immersion 2 are measured in 10-12 times of addition after crushing
Boiling 2 hours after hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, then adds 10 times of amount water into filter residue again, ultrasonic extraction 1 hour, filters,
Merging filtrate obtains plant leaching liquor immersion.
2. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parts by weight of each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, fire retardant 6, surplus are water.
3. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parts by weight of each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 28, plant ash 11, graphene 4.0, fire retardant 7, surplus are water.
4. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parts by weight of each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, fire retardant 8, surplus are water.
5. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, the graphene plant composite type resistance is made
Firing the raw material of extinguishing chemical also includes following weight parts：Coconut shell flour 3.0-3.5.
6. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 5, wherein the parts by weight of each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 26, plant ash 10, graphene 3.5, fire retardant 6, coconut shell flour 3.0, surplus are water.
7. graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 5, wherein the parts by weight of each raw material are：
Plant leaching liquor immersion 30, plant ash 12, graphene 4.5, fire retardant 8, coconut shell flour 3.5, surplus are water.
8. the graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as described in claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that：
The fire retardant be aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, Firebrake ZB, one kind in antimony oxide or
Several compositions.
9. the graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as described in claim any one of 1-7 is in following extinguishment products are prepared
Application：Ointment, gel, foaming agent, dry powder doses, solution.
10. the preparation method of graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
(1) to 15 times of amount water of addition in plant ash are dried, after soaking 1 hour, decoct 1 hour, filtering, filtrate is standby, identical
Under the conditions of by filter residue repeat extraction 1 time, merging filtrate obtains plant ash leaching liquor；
(2) plant leaching liquor immersion is mixed with above-mentioned plant ash leaching liquor, then adds graphene and fire retardant, surpassed after fully mixing
Sound 30 minutes, gained filtrate is graphene plant composite type fire retardant extinguisher after filtering.
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