CN107372342A - A kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process - Google Patents
A kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107372342A CN107372342A CN201710764913.4A CN201710764913A CN107372342A CN 107372342 A CN107372342 A CN 107372342A CN 201710764913 A CN201710764913 A CN 201710764913A CN 107372342 A CN107372342 A CN 107372342A
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- SQFDQLBYJKFDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K merbromin Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=12C=C(Br)C(=O)C=C2OC=2C([Hg]O)=C([O-])C(Br)=CC=2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O SQFDQLBYJKFDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process, including the prevention of disease and the treatment of disease；Wherein, the prevention of the disease, on the one hand using the feed being made up of fish, shrimp, vitamin B1, chicken and mycotoxin；On the other hand temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown disinfection unit are included using flowing water circulation system, the flowing water circulation system；The treatment of the disease, on the one hand by pond differentiated control, the sick giant salamander and the healthy giant salamander are positioned over different breeding area, carry out differentiated control；On the other hand medicine is added in the culture zone of the sick giant salamander to be treated.The prevention and controls reduce the consumption of water, reduce cost of labor, improve the prevention effect of disease, and the survival rate of the giant salamander uprises, and improves the product quality of the giant salamander and the economic benefit of doll's fish culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture industry technical field, the disease prevention and cure side in more particularly to a kind of giant salamander breeding process
Method.
Background technology
Giant salamander scientific name was just multiplied and lived in Zhangjiajie before 300,015,000 years, had Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, its ancestors
The title of " travelling living fossil ", giant salamander are amphibians existing maximum and most precious in the world.The giant salamander is country two
Class protects aqua-marine life, and " giant salamander " is one kind that the bodily form is maximum in amphibian, total length up to 1 meter and more than, body weight
Most heavy surpasses hundred jin, among the giant salamander inhabits the streams in mountain area, solution cavity, and water quality is limpid, silt content is little, current are rapid
It is anxious, and to have in the cave of recirculation water and live, extremely strict is required to ecological environment, excellent ecological environment is described as by expert
" indicator ".
The edibility of the giant salamander is very high, the giant salamander pure white fresh and tender, the delicious fertilizer of meat flavour of meat and it is oiliness, containing abundant
Nutritive value, there are a variety of specific uses such as promote longevity, strengthen immune function of human body, anti-cancer is healthy and strong, be high-grade nourishing health care
Treasure.By for " living person's ginseng " in water, after long-term consumption can health-physical fitness, immunity of building up health, to angiocardiopathy, poor
Blood and tumour have certain booster action, according to《Compendium of Materia Medica》Record, have and improve a poor appetite, mend to overflow and treat void, dark hair beauty, to poor
The diseases such as blood, cholera, dysentery, malaria and epilepsy have certain curative effect, and its skin, oil are treatment bullet wound, knife wound, burn, scald and various
The first-class medicine of wound.
In recent years, the cultivation of the giant salamander is widely paid attention to, and easily sick in doll's fish culture, causes the giant salamander
Survival rate is low.At present, water is frequently changed for the disease prevention and cure of the artificial feeding giant salamander, generally use cleaning blowdown.This method is to water
Consumption it is big, not environmentally, and preventive effect unobvious.For abdominal distension disease, using kanamycins intramuscular injection or gentamicin, chlorine
Mycin, neomycin are treated；For Disease of skin fester, controlled using sterilization and oral Ciprofloxacin and multivitamin
Treat；For red plum pinta, applied using mercurochrome and put giant salamander disease sites on the skin and treated with aureomycin injection intramuscular injection salamander body.It is existing
In technology, the preventing and treating of disease is carried out also by feed extra-nutrition, patent CN104799005A discloses a kind of giant salamander
Feed, the feed include FSPC, cottonseed cake, meat meal tankage, wheat bran, rice bran, vegetable oil, vitamin, amino acid, production of sperm
Dissipate, mold toxin sorbent, calcium dihydrogen phosphate.The addition of mold toxin sorbent, strengthen animal immune, improve resistance, subtract
The generation to induce an illness less, accelerate doll's fish speed of growth；Reduce the enteritis incidence of disease in breeding process.The first technology of this method
On the basis of, preventive effect is added, but only prevented and treated from feed angle, method is too single, and prevention effect is bad.Can
See in the prior art, the prevention for disease in giant salamander breeding process is big to the consumption of water, and needs to consume substantial amounts of people
Power material resources, the problems such as environment is unfriendly, cost accounting is high, prevention effect unobvious be present.
Therefore, the disease prevention and cure in a kind of giant salamander breeding process are provided based on above-mentioned prior art, the present invention
Method, the prevention and controls are carried out the prevention of disease by feed management, flowing water circulation system, entered by differentiated control and medicine
Row treatment, the consumption of water is reduced, reduces cost of labor, improves the prevention effect of disease, the survival rate of the giant salamander uprises, and improves
The product quality of the giant salamander and the economic benefit of doll's fish culture.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process,
The prevention and controls improve disease resistance by the feed containing several mineral materials；Ensure that the giant salamander gives birth to by flowing water circulation system
The health of long environment, the incidence of disease of the giant salamander is reduced, and by the recycling of water, solve water content consumption in tradition cultivation
Greatly, the problem of causing not environmentally；And treated by differentiated control and medicine, reduce transmission of disease, ensure doll
The therapeutic effect of fish.The prevention and controls are environment-friendly, cost of labor is low and prevention effect is good.This method considers to carry out from many aspects
Preventing and treating, the survival rate of the giant salamander is improved, improve the economic benefit of doll's fish culture.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process, it is characterised in that the disease prevention and cure method
The treatment of prevention and disease including disease；Wherein, the prevention of the disease, on the one hand use by fish, shrimp, vitamin B1, chicken
The feed of meat and mannitol composition；On the other hand temperature control is included using flowing water circulation system, the flowing water circulation system
Unit processed, water speed control unit and blowdown disinfection unit；The treatment of the disease, on the one hand pass through pond differentiated control, pond
Centre is provided with multiple dividing plates, and dividing plate goes out the water surface with pond water entering surface, pond respectively and tank floor is seamlessly connected, and is formed multiple
Culture zone, the sick giant salamander and the healthy giant salamander are positioned over different breeding area, carry out differentiated control；On the other hand in sick baby
Medicine is added in the culture zone of baby fish to be treated.
Various fish and shrimp all have abundant protein, can be as the main feed of the giant salamander, the protein that fish contain
Compare more, and also contain more minerals and vitamins, be a kind of more rich feedstuff of nutrition.But many fish
Particularly contain Thiaminase in the gill and internal organ of freshwater fish, the vitamin B1 that it can be destroyed in feed and giant salamander body.
Long-term consumption fish easily cause thiamine deficiency in giant salamander body.Therefore, vitamin B1 is added in feed, compensate for
The defects of edible fishes, ensure that giant salamander nutrient is comprehensive, enhance resistance of the giant salamander to disease.Mycotoxin is mould
Secondary pollutant is metabolized, the mycotoxin for being currently known pollution feed there are about kind more than 100, predominantly Penicillium, Eurotium and sickle
A variety of mycotoxins that knife Pseudomonas is produced.Mycotoxin can suppress animal immune, resistance be reduced, so as to induce other diseases.
Mycotoxin can also be remained in livestock products, indirect hazard human health, therefore mannitol is added in feed of the present invention as mould
Verticillium toxin adsorbent.The resistance of the giant salamander is improved, reduces the induction of disease.Chicken protein content is high in feed, amino
Acid is more comprehensive, particularly necessary amino acid ratio balance, therefore its biological value is higher, digestion of the giant salamander to chicken
Rate is also higher.The feed that the present invention uses not only meets the nutrition intake demand of giant salamander growth, while improves doll
The resistance of fish, effectively prophylactic generation.
The clean fearness of giant salamander happiness is dirty, very strict to local environment water quality requirement.The wild giant salamander is typically being inhabited in nature
Vegetation is good, environmental nonpollution, the less deep mountain valleys small stream korneforos set foot in of the mankind.The present invention is had using flowing water circulation system
Temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown disinfection unit, by controlling water temperature, give the optimal temperature of giant salamander growth
Degree；By controlling water speed, metabolin and waste material are washed away into discharge bay.Because bait rots, water quality deterioration, giant salamander abdominal distension can be induced
Disease, individual is caused to be bubbled through the water column, action is dull, does not ingest, and eyes become muddy, abdominal distention., can will be remaining by improving water speed
Bait and its metabolite wash away the induction possibility for totally, reducing disease.Once it was found that there is the sick giant salamander, then divided
Level management, another culture zone that the sick giant salamander is placed individually are raised, can pointedly treated, and avoid disease strong
Infected between the health giant salamander, effectively control transmission of disease to expand.For example, for abdominal distension disease, shallow water can be put in culture zone, allowed
Its belly can bottom, in order to avoid consume too many physical efficiency, for seed, because digestive function does not cause by force this disease, stop eating 1-2 days.It is right
In the giant salamander of saprolegniasis, then malachite green, soaking therapy are added in breeding pool.Pointedly treat, make the giant salamander extensive
Rehabilitation health.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the feed by following parts by weight component group
Into：0.05 part of 3 parts of fish, 1 part of shrimp, 0.05 part of vitamin B1,2 parts of chicken and mannitol.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the bottom of the pond water entering surface and the bottom for going out the water surface
End is in different horizontal planes so that 12 ° of the gradient is formed between tank floor and horizontal plane.Form the pond of the gradient, current
Closer to wild environment, the adaptability of the giant salamander is improved, and by the gradient, metabolite and remaining bait, can pass through water
Stream is washed away to delivery port, is focused on, and reduces manpower, and not only the prevention giant salamander is sick, can also improve the economy of cultivation
Benefit.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that there is one or more the bottom of the pond water entering surface
There are one or more delivery ports water inlet, the bottom that the pond goes out the water surface.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the water inlet in the flowing water circulation system and pond
Connected with delivery port.
Flowing water circulation system is connected with pond, passes through temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown disinfection unit
The temperature of pond reclaimed water is controlled, the wastes such as the metabolite in pond and residual bait are washed into blowdown sterilization list by regulation water speed
Member, focus on waste material and sterilize, ensure the clean hygiene in pond, there is provided be adapted to the suitable environment of giant salamander growth.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the flowing water circulation system to be multiple, respectively with
The water inlet in different breeding area connects with delivery port.Water is provided to different breeding area respectively using multiple flowing water circulation systems,
The nutriment for being adapted to each culture zone giant salamander growth can be added in water, the sick giant salamander keeps apart with the healthy giant salamander, profit
In the preventing and treating of giant salamander disease.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the temperature control unit controls water temperature 15 ~
20℃.The giant salamander requires tighter to water temperature, can cause giant salamander hibernation or aestivation beyond its tolerance, during the broiling summer
With the winter of cold, it is necessary to take cooling or heat measure, it is ensured that the giant salamander has a suitable water temperature growing environment.Therefore,
The present invention controls water temperature by thermostat unit, ensures good living environment.In addition, giant salamander photophobia, therefore the present invention
Shadow shield can be added, the influence for avoiding illumination from growing the giant salamander.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the blowdown disinfection unit is provided with garbage collection
Area, cleaning daily is once.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that the flowing water circulation system reclaimed water pH value is 6.8
~7.8.
Further, described disease prevention and cure method, it is characterised in that oxygen pump is included in the flowing water circulation system,
Xiang Shuizhong is passed through oxygen.
Water quality is pure and fresh, fresh and alive, pollution-free, and dissolved oxygen amount is high, suitable environment of the pH value in neutrality for giant salamander growth, therefore this
Invention leads to oxygen to meet the needs of giant salamander is to growing environment using control current pH value and by oxygen pump.
Disease prevention and cure method in the giant salamander breeding process that the present invention uses, includes prevention and treatment of diseases, leads to
Cross the prevention that disease is carried out using the feed and flowing water circulation system that are made up of fish, shrimp, vitamin B1, chicken and mannitol；
Treated by pond differentiated control and medicine.Consider to be prevented and treated from many aspects, improve the survival rate of the giant salamander,
Improve the economic benefit of doll's fish culture.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention：
1. the disease prevention and cure method in a kind of giant salamander breeding process provided by the invention, using feed management and flowing water circulation
System carries out the prevention of disease, and disease treatment is carried out by pond differentiated control and medicine；Consider to be prevented from many aspects
Control, improve the effect of giant salamander disease prevention and cure, and reduce the waste of water resource.
2. the present invention has temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown sterilization single using flowing water circulation system
Member, by controlling water temperature, give the optimum temperature of giant salamander growth；By controlling water speed, metabolin and waste material are washed away into water outlet
Pond.And once find there is the sick giant salamander, then differentiated control is carried out, is pointedly treated, and avoids disease in health
Infected between the giant salamander, effectively control transmission of disease to expand.
3. forming 12 ° of the gradient between tank floor of the present invention and horizontal plane, the pond of the gradient is formed, current are closer wild
Raw environment, the adaptability of the giant salamander is improved, and by the gradient, metabolite and remaining bait, can be by current scour extremely
Delivery port, focused on, reduce manpower, not only the prevention giant salamander is sick, can also improve the economic benefit of cultivation.
4. present invention flowing water circulation system is connected with pond, pass through temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown
Disinfection unit controls the temperature of pond reclaimed water, and the wastes such as the metabolite in pond and residual bait are washed into row by regulation water speed
Dirty disinfection unit, focus on waste material and sterilize, ensure the clean hygiene in pond, there is provided be adapted to the optimal ring of giant salamander growth
Border.
5. the present invention provides water to different breeding area respectively using multiple flowing water circulation systems, it can add and be adapted in water
The nutriment of each culture zone giant salamander growth, the sick giant salamander keeps apart with the healthy giant salamander, beneficial to the anti-of giant salamander disease
Control.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the pool construction schematic diagram of the present invention；
In figure, pond 1, pond water entering surface 2, pond goes out the water surface 3, tank floor 4, water inlet 5, delivery port 6, circulating water
The circulatory system 7, first partition 11, second partition 12, water inlet connecting tube 51, water outlet connecting tube 61.
Embodiment
To make technical scheme and main points clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further detailed
Description.
The following examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, therefore is only used as example, and can not
Limited the scope of the invention with this.
It should be noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical term or scientific terminology used in this application should be this hair
The ordinary meaning that bright one of ordinary skill in the art are understood.
Disease prevention and cure method in embodiment giant salamander breeding process
Build a giant salamander breeding pool 1, pond 1 include pond water entering surface 2, pond go out the water surface 3, tank floor 4, first every
Plate 11 and second partition 12.The bottom of pond water entering surface 2 is in different horizontal planes from going out the bottom of the water surface 3 so that pool bottom
12 ° of the gradient is formed between face 4 and horizontal plane.There are 7 water inlets 5 bottom of pond water entering surface 2, and pond goes out the bottom of the water surface 3
There are 7 delivery ports 6, the flowing water circulation system 7 passes through connecting tube of intaking, water outlet the connecting tube water inlet 5 with pond respectively
Connected with delivery port 6.Flowing water circulation system 7 is connected with pond 1, passes through temperature control unit, water speed control unit and blowdown
It is 15 ~ 20 DEG C that disinfection unit, which controls the temperature of pond reclaimed water, and flowing water circulation system reclaimed water pH value is 7.2.The giant salamander is placed
In in culture zone, feeding within every two days once by 3 parts of fish, 1 part of shrimp, 0.05 part of vitamin B1,2 parts of chicken and mannitol 0.05
The feed of part composition, water speed twice is tuned up daily the wastes such as the metabolite in pond and residual bait are washed into blowdown sterilization
Unit, waste material is focused on once a day and is sterilized, ensures the clean hygiene in pond.Pass through in the water of flowing water circulation system
Oxygen pump leads to oxygen.It was found that during the sick giant salamander, the sick giant salamander is isolated with the healthy giant salamander, is positioned over different breeding area,
Carry out differentiated control.It is connected by flowing water circulation system with different breeding area water inlet and delivery port, adjusts different current
Wolf and water velocity.For abdominal distension disease, shallow water can be put in culture zone, allow its belly can bottom, it is right in order to avoid consume too many physical efficiency
In seed, because digestive function does not cause by force this disease, stop eating 1-2 days.For the giant salamander of saprolegniasis, then in breeding pool
Add malachite green, soaking therapy.Pointedly treat, the giant salamander is got well.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme, it all should cover among the claim of the present invention and the scope of specification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of disease prevention and cure method in giant salamander breeding process, it is characterised in that the disease prevention and cure method includes disease
Prevention and disease treatment；Wherein, the prevention of the disease, on the one hand use by fish, shrimp, vitamin B1, chicken and sweet dew
The feed of alcohol composition；On the other hand temperature control unit, water are included using flowing water circulation system, the flowing water circulation system
Fast control unit and blowdown disinfection unit；The treatment of the disease, on the one hand by pond differentiated control, it is provided among pond
Multiple dividing plates, dividing plate goes out the water surface with pond water entering surface, pond respectively and tank floor is seamlessly connected, and forms multiple culture zones, will
The sick giant salamander and the healthy giant salamander are positioned over different breeding area, carry out differentiated control；On the other hand supporting in the sick giant salamander
Addition medicine in area is grown to be treated.
2. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the feed by following parts by weight component
Composition：0.05 part of 3 parts of fish, 1 part of shrimp, 0.05 part of vitamin B1,2 parts of chicken and mannitol.
3. described disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of the pond water entering surface with
The bottom for going out the water surface is in different horizontal planes so that 12 ° of the gradient is formed between tank floor and horizontal plane.
4. described disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of the pond water entering surface has
There are one or more delivery ports one or more water inlets, the bottom that the pond goes out the water surface.
5. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flowing water circulation system and pond are entered
The mouth of a river connects with delivery port.
6. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flowing water circulation system is multiple, is divided
It is not connected with the water inlet and delivery port in different breeding area.
7. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature control unit controls water temperature
15~20℃。
8. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blowdown disinfection unit is provided with waste material receipts
Ji Qu, cleaning daily is once.
9. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described flowing water circulation system reclaimed water pH value be
6.8~7.8.
10. disease prevention and cure method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include oxygen in the flowing water circulation system
Air pump, oxygen is passed through into water.
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| CN116076406A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-09 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 | Multistage control system and control method for white spot disease of rare and special fishes cultivated artificially |
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