CN107369173A - Based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method and its filtering device - Google Patents
Based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method and its filtering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107369173A CN107369173A CN201710148174.6A CN201710148174A CN107369173A CN 107369173 A CN107369173 A CN 107369173A CN 201710148174 A CN201710148174 A CN 201710148174A CN 107369173 A CN107369173 A CN 107369173A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
- G06T7/55—Depth or shape recovery from multiple images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F2111/06—Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10004—Still image; Photographic image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30196—Human being; Person
- G06T2207/30201—Face
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, and step includes：Scan data is obtained to obtain the digital model of user's face by the photograph of various faces and scanning technique；Digital model is imported in 3 d modeling software；The closely sealed part of digital model generation mouth mask based on face and its three-D space structure and chamber structure, and it is optimized and finely tuned, to ensure that the adaptation of mouth mask and face and chamber volume are optimal；With reference to the personalized designs of user, the three-dimensional digital model of mouth mask is established using modeling software；Mouth mask threedimensional model is determined, is sent in 3D printer and prints；Air filtration pieces are embedded into the closely sealed part of mouth mask；Mouth mask fixed part and the closely sealed part both sides of the edge of mouth mask are bound.The present invention provides the face contour that mouth mask can be made to adapt to individual, reduces air leakage；Mouth mask inner chamber building volume is optimal, effectively reduces gas concentration lwevel；Closely sealed part soft durometer is adjustable, can meet individual different demands.
Description
Technical field
A kind of 3D printing field of the present invention, especially a kind of air made using 3D printing technique and facial recognition techniques
Filtering device, be it is a kind of is made based on digitlization faceform, and the mouth mask that closely fastens adaptable with human facial profile
And interface arrangement.
Background technology
At present, some metropolitan haze number of days of China increase year by year, and air pollution increasingly attracts people's attention.Wear
Wear masks is that people protect the maximally effective means of air pollution such as haze, vehicle exhaust.The filter efficiency of mouth mask, i.e. mouth mask can be with
The percentage of particulate matter is filtered out, is the basic index of mouth mask performance, and the slip of mouth mask, that is, refer to the closely sealed journey of mouth mask and face
Degree, then it is a key technical index for influenceing its filter efficiency.At present, the mouth mask of in the market, although filtering material met
Filter requires, but because mouth mask and wearer's face be not closely sealed tight, air leakage is serious, causes filter efficiency low, and wears not
Comfortably.
Equally, in some specific working environments, the healthy harm of particle and dust to human body is also not in air
Hold what is ignored, for example, operation in mine/well, stone pit, large scale civil engineering etc..Also, suitable for air cleanliness requirement
High environment, the influence of human body respiration and disease to environment is avoided, such as：Aseptic operating room.
At present, the mouth mask of in the market, all it is to be produced according to uniform sizes, unified specification, it is impossible to according to unique user
Shape of face produces mouth mask, and its shape do not adapt to the different face contour of numerous users, so as to cause side gas leakage, and side gas leakage
It is a key factor for influenceing mouth mask performance.
3D printing is one kind of increases material manufacturing technology, and it is a kind of based on digital model, passes through what is successively printed
Mode constructed object.The mouth mask produced based on digitlization faceform, good with face contour adaptation, leakage rate is low, and wears
Wear comfortable.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind and is based on face face air
Filtering device 3D printing method.
Technical scheme：In order to solve the above technical problems, one kind provided by the invention is based on face face air filtering device
3D printing method, the described method comprises the following steps：
1) user voluntarily obtains the two dimensional image of frontal face and side by photographing device；
2) user voluntarily measures interpupillary distance；
3) two dimensional image and interpupillary distance are sent to cloud server；
4) facial soft tissue anatomic landmark point is marked on 2d；
5) modeling software reconstructs the rough face contour of user based on two dimensional image, anatomic landmark point and interpupillary distance；
6) algorithm is based on facial contour comparison in large database concept, enters row interpolation and optimization to the face contour in step 5)；
7) digital model in step 6) is imported in mouth mask 3 d modeling software；
8) the closely sealed part of modeling software generation mouth mask and its three-D space structure and chamber structure, and it is optimized
And fine setting, to ensure that the adaptation of mouth mask and face and chamber volume are optimal, such as the adjustment of closely sealed portion of material soft durometer,
The adjustment of closely sealed part size, the adjustment of mouth mask outward appearance；
9) personalized designs of user are combined, (multi-modeling design software is used in combination, such as using modeling software
SolidWorks, Netfabb, Meshmixer, MeshLab, ZBrush.) establish the three-dimensional digital model of mouth mask；
10) mouth mask threedimensional model is determined, is sent in 3D printer and prints；
11) air filtration pieces are embedded into the closely sealed part of mouth mask；
12) mouth mask fixed part and the closely sealed part both sides of the edge of mouth mask are bound.
Above-mentioned steps 5) specifically include following steps：
5.1) by interpupillary distance as scale, the two-dimensional coordinate of each anatomic landmark point in front is calculated respectively；
5.4) interpupillary distance is calculated into each anatomic landmark point two-dimensional coordinate in side respectively as scale；
5.5) each coordinate points based on front and side, by two of one-to-one anatomic landmark point in front and side
Dimension coordinate is mapped to three-dimensional.
Above-mentioned steps 6) comprise the following steps：
6.1) using each anatomic landmark point obtained in step 5) as characteristic point, by its D coordinates value in large database concept
In contrasted, filter out immediate face contour；
6.2) based on the similar face contour of step 6.1), sat with reference to the real anatomic landmark point of user in step 5
Information is marked, interpolation and optimization are carried out to face contour first, a kind of feature is used to the immediate face contour in step 6.1
Point extraction algorithm extracts characteristic point subset, and in the subsets, the matching relationship of corresponding points pair is established with anatomic landmark point；So
Afterwards, using these, matching double points have established rigid body transformational relation, so as to finally obtain the registration result of complete or collected works, and then pin
To each characteristic point, merged using clustering algorithm.
Said extracted algorithm includes but is not limited to Scale invariant features transform matching algorithm or accelerates robust features algorithm.
Above-mentioned clustering algorithm includes but is not limited to k-means clustering algorithms, hierarchical clustering algorithm, SOM clustering algorithms, FCM
Clustering algorithm.
Face face air filtering device prepared by the above method, including filtration fraction and closely sealed part；The filter house
Point provided with hole and the frenulum that is located on edge, the closely sealed part edge provided be engaged with frenulum fixed hook with
And a mouth mask fixed part symmetrically is being respectively equipped with hook both sides, the filtration fraction and closely sealed part pass through frenulum and extension
Hook is mutually fixed
Beneficial effect：The present invention has advantages below in terms of existing technologies：
It is provided by the invention to be based on face face air filtering device and its 3D printing method, it is simple and convenient, and with compared with
High precision, mouth mask can be made to adapt to the face contour of each individual, reduce air leakage；Mouth mask inner chamber building volume is optimal, has
Effect reduces gas concentration lwevel；Closely sealed part soft durometer is adjustable, can meet individual different demands, comfortable wearing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is mouth mask filtration fraction.
Fig. 2 is the closely sealed part of mouth mask.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of mouth mask.
Fig. 4 wears mouth mask front elevation for face.
Fig. 5 is 3D printing mouth mask implementing procedure figure.
Fig. 6 models implementing procedure figure for digitlization faceform.
Fig. 7 is facial soft tissue Three-dimension Reconstruction Model and index point schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 protection effect test device schematic diagrames
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of mouth mask, including filtration fraction 1 and closely sealed part 2；The filtration fraction 1 is provided with hole
Gap 3 and the frenulum 5 being located on edge, the closely sealed edge of part 2 be provided be engaged with frenulum 5 fixed hook 6 and
Symmetrical hook is respectively equipped with a mouth mask fixed part 4 on 6 both sides, and the filtration fraction 1 and closely sealed part 2 pass through the He of frenulum 5
To link up with 6 phases to fix, and printed by 3D printer, mouth mask filtration fraction is filtered using 3M filtrating chip to air, and
The hole for leaving certain area is breathed with improving.Mouth mask fixed part is connected to mouth mask both sides by frenulum, and is to hang over ear
Afterwards.
To improve the feature of mouth mask and improving the wearing experience of user, the present invention solves skill used by its technical problem
Art scheme is：
1. based on the facial mathematical model obtained, Three-dimensional Design Software is recycled, mouth mask model is redesigned
And adjustment, until being fitted like a glove with mask.
2. the hole that mouth mask filtration fraction devises certain area is breathed with improving.
It 3. the closely sealed part of mouth mask uses medical material, can both ensure its adaptation, there is bio-compatibility again.
4. the closely sealed part of mouth mask, can be according to user's face bone structure and facial muscles, the distribution of fat, to closely sealed part
The soft durometer of material is adjusted, to improve the adaptation of mouth mask and comfortableness.
5. being based on facial mathematical model, mouth mask inner cavity chamber volume is optimized using database and optimized algorithm, obtained
The chamber volume of human body respiration is best suitable for, effectively to reduce the gas concentration lwevel in chamber.
It is above-mentioned to comprise the following steps that：
1. user voluntarily obtains the two dimensional image of frontal face and side by photographing device；
2. user voluntarily measures interpupillary distance；
3. two dimensional image and interpupillary distance are sent to cloud server；
4. facial soft tissue anatomic landmark point is marked on 2d；
5. modeling software reconstructs the rough face contour of user based on two dimensional image, anatomic landmark point and interpupillary distance；
5.1) by interpupillary distance as scale, the two-dimensional coordinate of each anatomic landmark point in front is calculated respectively；
5.2) interpupillary distance is calculated into each anatomic landmark point two-dimensional coordinate in side respectively as scale；
5.3) each coordinate points based on front and side, by two of one-to-one anatomic landmark point in front and side
Dimension coordinate is mapped to three-dimensional.
Compared 6. algorithm is based on facial contour in large database concept, row interpolation and optimization are entered to the face contour in step 5；
6.1) using each anatomic landmark point obtained in step 5 as characteristic point, by its D coordinates value in large database concept
In contrasted, filter out immediate face contour；
6.2) based on the similar face contour of step 6.1), sat with reference to the real anatomic landmark point of user in step 5
Information is marked, interpolation and optimization are carried out to face contour first, a kind of feature is used to the immediate face contour in step 6.1
Point extraction algorithm extracts characteristic point subset, and in the subsets, the matching relationship of corresponding points pair is established with anatomic landmark point；So
Afterwards, using these, matching double points have established rigid body transformational relation, so as to finally obtain the registration result of complete or collected works, and then pin
To each characteristic point, merged using clustering algorithm.Extraction algorithm includes but is not limited to Scale invariant features transform matching and calculated
Method accelerates robust features algorithm.Clustering algorithm includes but is not limited to k-means clustering algorithms, hierarchical clustering algorithm, and SOM gathers
Class algorithm, FCM clustering algorithms.
7. the digital model in step 6 is imported in mouth mask 3 d modeling software；
8. closely sealed part and its three-D space structure and the chamber structure of modeling software generation mouth mask, and it is optimized
And fine setting, to ensure that the adaptation of mouth mask and face and chamber volume are optimal；
9. combining the personalized designs of user, the three-dimensional digital model of mouth mask is established using modeling software；
10. determining mouth mask threedimensional model, it is sent in 3D printer and prints；
11. air filtration pieces are embedded into the closely sealed part of mouth mask；
12. mouth mask fixed part and the closely sealed part both sides of the edge of mouth mask are bound.
Compared to commercially available common mouth mask, the mouth mask that the present embodiment provides effectively raises the filtration rate of mouth mask.Specific ginseng
See test report and test data, such as Fig. 6, this report comes from Beijing City Inst. of Labour Safety Science.
1. test philosophy is as follows：
Finite concentration and the aerosol particle of particle diameter distribution are occurred by aerosol generator, passed through with regulation gas flow
Mouth mask, front and rear particle concentration is filtered by mouth mask using appropriate particulate matter detection means detection.By calculating aerosol
Protection effect of the mouth mask to particulate matter is evaluated by the percentage of particle concentration decrement after mouth mask.In the test, I
The aerosol particle chosen be 0.3 μm oil droplet.
2. sample size and packet
Sample is divided into two groups, is experimental group and control group.Wherein, the mouth mask of three kinds of unlike materials is included in experimental group, i.e.,
3M mouth masks, common mouth mask and gauze, three kinds of mouth masks are connected with the closely sealed part of mouth mask of the present invention, and it is enterprising to be worn on head mould
Row is tested, and has 5 unprocessed samples in every kind of mouth mask, test and record result for 5 times.Control group also includes three kinds of differences
The mouth mask of material, i.e. 3M mouth masks, common mouth mask and gauze, there are 5 unprocessed samples in every kind of mouth mask, worn using the mouth mask
In directly being tested on head mould and record result.
3. sample pretreatment
Pre-processing device：
A) moisture-heat test-box technical performance should meet GB/T10586 requirement；
B) high-temperature test chamber technical performance should meet GB/T11158 requirement；
C) low-temperature test chamber technical performance deals with the requirement for closing GB/T10589.
Preprocess method：
Sample is taken out from original packing, sequentially handled by following conditions：
A) (24 ± 1) h is placed under (38 ± 2.5) DEG C and (85 ± 5) % relative humidity conditions；
B) (24 ± 1) h is placed under (70 ± 3) DEG C dry environment；
C) in (- 30 ± 3), DEG C environment places (24 ± 1) h.
Before each step is carried out, sample temperature should be made to recover at least 4h after room temperature, then carry out follow-up test.It is preprocessed
Sample should be placed in airtight container afterwards, and is detected in 10h.
4. test condition
Test environment temperature is (25 ± 5) DEG C, and relative humidity is (30 ± 10) %.
5. protection effect test device
Protection effect test device schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 6, wherein, test storehouse 11；, sample 12；Head mould corrugated hose 13；
Suck gas sampler 14, environmental gas sampling pipe 15；Aerosol concentration monitoring device 16；Respiration simulator 17.
Test storehouse：Possess compared with large observation window can closed bin, size should be easy to testing staff to operate.Tested media is from storehouse
Top be uniformly sent into, test terminate after, by storehouse bottom opening discharge.
Tested media：Corn oil particulate matter, the concentration of the useful space is (20~30) mg/m in test storehouse3, tested
Change in concentration not should be greater than 10% in journey.The aerodynamic size distribution of particulate matter should be (0.02~2) μm, mass median footpath
About 0.3 μm.
Aerosol concentration monitoring device：Gas sampling flow：(1~2) L/min, sample frequency >=1 beat/min, dynamic model
Enclose for (0.001~100) mg/m3, precision 1%.Suction gas sampler should be adopted as close to nostril position, surrounding air
Sample pipe position is not more than 3cm away from mouth mask snout.
Test head mould：What is chosen in the test is the head mould shown in Fig. 2.
Respiration simulator：Sinusoidal air-flow, 20 times/min of respiratory rate, respiratory flow (30 ± 1) L/min.
6. test process
A. test device is checked, confirms that device is in normal operating conditions.
B. mouth mask is worn on the head mould of appropriate size securely according to manufacturer's operation instruction, opens respiration simulator
With aerosol concentration monitoring device.After registration is stable, record enters the gas endoparticle thing of head mould by head mould corrugated hose
Concentration (the i.e. background concentration C of mouth mask endoparticle thing0)。
C. respiration simulator is closed, tested media is imported in test storehouse, passes through ring using aerosol concentration monitoring device
The concentration of tested media in the air sampling tube monitoring storehouse of border, reaches in test storehouse after the concentration of the useful space, opening breathing after it
Simulator.
D. using tested media concentration C in aerosol concentration monitoring device record storehouse1, and sucked by head mould corrugated hose
Tested media concentration C in gas2。
E. continue 1h, monitor C in whole test process1And C2Numerical value, calculate the protection effect of the sample.
7. protection effect calculates
Protection effect is calculated by formula 1：
P=(C1-C2+C0)/C1× 100%
Formula 1
In formula：
C1--- tested media concentration in storehouse, mg/m are tested in experimentation3；
C2--- tested media concentration in gas, mg/m are sucked by head mould corrugated hose in experimentation3；
C0--- tested mask endoparticle thing background concentration, mg/m3。
When being tested, C should be monitored simultaneously1And C2Numerical value, and calculate the protection effect of each sampling instant sample,
The protection effect of the sample is used as using the minimum value of the protection effect obtained in whole test process.
Its test is as shown in the table, as can be seen from the table
Closely sealed portion's mouth mask that the present embodiment provides, for being combined with 3M, common mouth mask, its protection effect greatly increases.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：It the described method comprises the following steps：
1) user voluntarily obtains the two dimensional image of frontal face and side by photographing device；
2) user voluntarily measures interpupillary distance；
3) two dimensional image and interpupillary distance surveyed in step 1) and step 2) are sent to cloud server；
4) facial soft tissue anatomic landmark point is marked on 2d；
5) modeling software reconstructs the rough face contour of user based on two dimensional image, anatomic landmark point and interpupillary distance；
6) algorithm is based on facial contour comparison in large database concept, enters row interpolation and optimization to the face contour in step 5), obtains
Digital model after optimization；
7) digital model in step 6) is imported in mouth mask 3 d modeling software；
8) modeling software generation mouth mask closely sealed part and its three-D space structure and chamber structure, and it is optimized with it is micro-
Adjust；
9) personalized designs of user are combined, the three-dimensional digital model of mouth mask is established using modeling software；
10) mouth mask threedimensional model is determined, is sent in 3D printer and prints；
11) air filtration pieces are embedded into the closely sealed part of mouth mask；
12) mouth mask fixed part and the closely sealed part both sides of the edge of mouth mask are bound.
2. according to claim 1 be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：The step
It is rapid 5) to specifically include following steps：
5.1) by interpupillary distance as scale, the two-dimensional coordinate of each anatomic landmark point in front is calculated respectively；
5.2) interpupillary distance is calculated into each anatomic landmark point two-dimensional coordinate in side respectively as scale；
5.3) each coordinate points based on front and side, the two dimension of one-to-one anatomic landmark point in front and side is sat
Mark is mapped to three-dimensional.
3. according to claim 1 be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：The step
It is rapid 6) to comprise the following steps：
6.1) using each anatomic landmark point obtained in step 5) as characteristic point, its D coordinates value is entered in large database concept
Row contrast, filters out immediate face contour；
6.2) based on the similar face contour of step 6.1), with reference to the real anatomic landmark point coordinates letter of user in step 5)
Breath, interpolation and optimization are carried out to face contour.
4. according to claim 3 be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：The step
It is rapid 6.2) in interpolation and optimization the step of be：First, a kind of characteristic point is used to the immediate face contour in step 6.1)
Extraction algorithm extracts characteristic point subset, and in the subsets, the matching relationship of corresponding points pair is established with anatomic landmark point；So
Afterwards, using these, matching double points have established rigid body transformational relation, so as to finally obtain the registration result of complete or collected works, finally, then pin
To each characteristic point, merged using clustering algorithm.
5. according to claim 4 be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：It is described to carry
Take algorithm to include Scale invariant features transform matching algorithm or accelerate robust features algorithm.
6. according to claim 4 be based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：It is described poly-
Class algorithm includes k-means clustering algorithms, hierarchical clustering algorithm, SOM clustering algorithms, one kind in FCM clustering algorithms.
It is 7. a kind of based on any one people made based on face face air filtering device 3D printing method of claim 1~6
Face portion air filtering device, it is characterised in that：Including filtration fraction and closely sealed part；The filtration fraction be provided with hole with
And the frenulum on edge is located at, the closely sealed part edge is provided with and fixed hook is engaged with frenulum and is symmetrically being linked up with
A mouth mask fixed part, the filtration fraction and closely sealed part is respectively equipped with both sides mutually to fix with hook by frenulum.
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| CN111080403A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 首都儿科研究所 | Customized child breathing mask based on facial contour and preparation method thereof |
| CN111296924A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-19 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | 3D printing manufacturing method of high-ventilation anti-virus anti-haze closed mask |
| CN111317210A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-23 | 潘菲 | Face support for preventing damage caused by wearing mask and eyeshade and manufacturing method |
| CN111361155A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-03 | 上海牙典软件科技有限公司 | 3D printing model generation method and device of protection device |
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| CN111516267A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 上海巧良三维科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing customized mask for individual or animal |
| CN111569296A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 东莞理工学院 | Preparation method of personalized 3D printing protective mask |
| CN111567945A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 东莞理工学院 | Preparation method of personalized 3D printing mask support |
| CN112465961A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-03-09 | 河南艺德雅整形美容咨询有限公司 | Facial balancing |
| CN114091131A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-02-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Optimal scheme decision system for cloth mask support design based on cloud platform |
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