CN107365604A - 环保节能高级‑20号柴油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

环保节能高级‑20号柴油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107365604A
CN107365604A CN201710743208.6A CN201710743208A CN107365604A CN 107365604 A CN107365604 A CN 107365604A CN 201710743208 A CN201710743208 A CN 201710743208A CN 107365604 A CN107365604 A CN 107365604A
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韩建鹏
韩凯
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Qingdao Yongquan Petroleum Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种环保节能高级‑20号柴油及其制备方法，按照重量百分数计算，包括以下组分：‑20号柴油50～60％、植物醇10～20％、链烷烃5～15％、乙醇1～3％、煤油5～15％以及抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6％，其中，抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂由邻二硝基苯5～10wt％、烷基硝酸酯10～30wt％、松香3～8wt％、甘油4～8wt％、油酸盐5～10wt％、异辛酸钾15～30wt％以及有机溶剂20～50wt％组成。制备方法：1)按照配比称取‑20号柴油、植物醇、链烷烃、乙醇与煤油，然后依次均匀混合，得到混合物A；2)在避光条件下，按照配比将抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂加入混合物A中混合均匀即可。该柴油解决了现有燃烧后产生大量PM2.5，污染环境产生的雾霾及毒性问题。

Description

环保节能高级-20号柴油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于柴油技术领域，具体涉及一种环保节能高级-20号柴油及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国缺油少气，煤炭资源相对丰富，煤基醇醚燃料来源广，以优势醇醚资源替代或混合石油资源，是产业原材料丰富成熟、资源综合利用、有利于生态环境、市场需求广阔，有利于调整产业结构、促进经济可持续发展的项目，同时可带动能源、化工和汽车等相关行业的发展，创造新的经济增长点。
常规汽油、柴油的调合技术相对成熟，例如通过利用炼油厂的一些非标凝析油经精制处理后，辅以添加剂可调合成符合客户要求的汽、柴油；又例如石脑油利用，石脑油辛烷值低，RON只有40—60左右，以往大部分作为乙烯裂解原料，近年发展的调合技术可通过精制脱硫并与高辛烷值组分混合，加入抗爆剂可调合出汽油，虽油品不高，但可为国家节约数量可观的石油资源。
现有柴油通常在会在柴油制品中添加柴油助燃剂以提高其十六烷值。实际上，北京、上海已分别于2008年3月和2009年11月实施了国IV排放标准，车用柴油分别执行DB11/239-2004和DB31/427-2009标准，要求柴油硫含量不大于350ppm，5号、0号、-10号柴油的十六烷值不低于51，-20号柴油十六烷值不小于49，-35号柴油十六烷值不小于47，要求柴油多环芳烃质量分数不大于11％，磨痕直径不大于460μm。在柴油助燃剂的研究开发方面，国外五、六十年代研制成功了超碱性石油磺酸钙、超碱性石油磺酸钡等系列助燃剂。这些添加剂的主要目的是降低可见颗粒物的排放，减少烟度的数值，还可作为消烟剂而使用。目前，提高柴油十六烷值用的是抗磨剂，是高毒性致癌物质，生产抗磨剂的厂家，女工自己把孩子就掉了，因为呼吸有毒气体。
发明内容
本发明提出一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，该柴油解决了现有燃烧后产生大量PM2.5，污染环境产生的雾霾及毒性问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，按照重量百分数计算，包括以下组分：
-20号柴油50～60％、植物醇10～20％、链烷烃5～15％、乙醇1～3％、煤油5～15％以及抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6％，其中，抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂由邻二硝基苯5～10wt％、烷基硝酸酯10～30wt％、松香3～8wt％、甘油4～8wt％、油酸盐5～10wt％、异辛酸钾15～30wt％以及有机溶剂20～50wt％组成。
优选地，所述煤油为裂化煤油。
优选地，所述有机溶剂为苯、甲苯、石油醚或者馏程为140～390℃的石油馏份。
优选地，所述植物醇为将植物木质素在高压釜中在300℃和6MPa的压力之下催化抽滤制备得到。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种环保节能高级-20号柴油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按照配比称取-20号柴油、植物醇、链烷烃、乙醇与煤油，然后依次均匀混合，得到混合物A；
2)在避光条件下，按照配比将抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂加入混合物A中混合均匀即可。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明的-20号柴油的一方面提高了十六烷值，十六烷值大于52，另一方面其中的水和水蒸气吸收气缸和燃烧室周壁高温零件上的热量，特别是其中的炽热部位，从而使气缸内和燃烧室内的温度均匀化，消除了容易引起爆震的炽热点，从而提高了抗爆性。
2、本发明的柴油的燃油节油率达到15％以上，不用抗磨剂与MMT，减少雾霾产生，无毒对人体无害。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂，包括以下组分：
邻二硝基苯6kg、烷基硝酸酯20kg、松香5kg、甘油5kg、油酸盐6kg、异辛酸钾25kg以及甲苯33kg。
制备方法：按照配比称取上述组分并混合均匀即可。
实施例2
一种抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂，包括以下组分：
邻二硝基苯10kg、烷基硝酸酯26kg、松香3kg、甘油5kg、油酸盐8kg、异辛酸钾28kg以及甲苯20kg。
制备方法：按照配比称取上述组分并混合均匀即可。
实施例3
一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，包括以下组分：
-20号柴油56kg、植物醇14kg、链烷烃12kg、乙醇1.4kg、煤油15kg以及实施例1的抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6kg。植物醇为将植物木质素在高压釜中在300℃和6MPa的压力之下催化抽滤制备得到。
实施例4
一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，包括以下组分：
-20号柴油50kg、植物醇20kg、链烷烃15kg、乙醇2.4kg、煤油11kg以及实施例2的抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6kg。植物醇为将植物木质素在高压釜中在300℃和6MPa的压力之下催化抽滤制备得到。
实施例5
一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，包括以下组分：
-20号柴油60kg、植物醇12kg、链烷烃13kg、乙醇2.4kg、煤油11kg以及实施例1的抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6kg。植物醇为将植物木质素在高压釜中在300℃和6MPa的压力之下催化抽滤制备得到。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种环保节能高级-20号柴油，其特征在于，按照重量百分数计算，包括以下组分：
-20号柴油50～60％、植物醇10～20％、链烷烃5～15％、乙醇1～3％、煤油5～15％以及抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂1.6％，其中，抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂由邻二硝基苯5～10wt％、烷基硝酸酯10～30wt％、松香3～8wt％、甘油4～8wt％、油酸盐5～10wt％、异辛酸钾15～30wt％以及有机溶剂20～50wt％组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保节能高级-20号柴油，其特征在于，所述煤油为裂化煤油。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的环保节能高级-20号柴油，其特征在于，所述有机溶剂为苯、甲苯、石油醚或者馏程为140～390℃的石油馏份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的环保节能高级-20号柴油，其特征在于，所述植物醇为将植物木质素在高压釜中在300℃和6MPa的压力之下催化抽滤制备得到。
5.如权利要求1所述的环保节能高级-20号柴油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按照配比称取-20号柴油、植物醇、链烷烃、乙醇与煤油，然后依次均匀混合，得到混合物A；
2)在避光条件下，按照配比将抗霾环保柴油燃烧促进剂加入混合物A中混合均匀即可。
CN201710743208.6A 2017-08-25 2017-08-25 环保节能高级‑20号柴油及其制备方法 Pending CN107365604A (zh)

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CN104212503A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-17 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种柴油添加剂
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Application publication date: 20171121