CN107365159B - 一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法 - Google Patents
一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,具体如下:1)在棒身原有的铝碳材质中加入占总重量百分比为0.3‑1%的氧化锆纤维、0.5‑2%的沥青粉,0.5‑2%的炭黑,将原有的金属铝重量百分比含量降低到1.5%以下,极限颗粒增加到3mm以上,提高棒身材质在高温使用时的韧性;2)将棒头的材质优化成尖晶石‑氧化锆‑碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:合理增加骨料极限颗粒尺寸及比例,提高骨料及细粉的档次,采用复合碳源,增加纤维材料,有效改善棒身耐侵蚀性,提高了棒身材质在高温使用时的强度及韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及炼钢厂中间包冶炼纯净钢用功能性耐火材料,尤其涉及一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法。
背景技术
在国内钢铁产能日益过剩的今天,调整品种结构冶炼精品钢是目前国内钢厂首选经营战略。最常见的汽车板、电工钢、军工钢等超低碳钢,由于钢厂对脱碳、脱氧等工艺的严格控制,对耐火材料的损毁加剧,普通的耐火材料很难满足这种苛刻的要求。
整体塞棒是用于控制或开闭中间包至结晶器之间钢流的装置,是极重要的功能性耐火材料(见图1)。
其棒身部位要抵抗中间包中高温钢水的冲刷、侵蚀之外,其渣线部位还要遭受高碱度中包覆盖剂及钢渣的侵蚀,其棒头部位既要遭受高速流动钢水的冲刷,又要抵抗由于频繁调节塞棒升降而产生的与中间包上水口机械撞击。
总结目前用于冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的损毁情况,其主要缺陷基本有两方面:一是棒头部位抗侵蚀性能不能满足要求,融损太快,造成棒头外形改变而不能控制钢水流动(见图2);二是棒身部位高温使用时弹性模量较低,体现在棒身韧性较差,刚性大,一旦操作时碰撞,容易折断,无法控制钢水流动(见图3)。上述两种损毁均会造成大的生产事故。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,通过优化整体塞棒的工艺配比方案,增强棒身的韧性及高温抗折强度,提高棒头的耐侵蚀性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,具体如下:
1)在棒身原有的铝碳材质中加入占总重量百分比为0.3-1%的氧化锆纤维、0.5-2%的沥青粉,0.5-2%的炭黑,将原有的金属铝重量百分比含量降低到1.5%以下,极限颗粒增加到3mm以上,提高棒身材质在高温使用时的韧性;
2)将棒头的材质优化成尖晶石-氧化锆-碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性。
所述棒身是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:6目98白刚玉5-12%、36目98白刚玉10-20%、80目致密刚玉10-15%、180目致密刚玉粉15-25%、895目鳞片石墨正10-15%、198目鳞片石墨负10-15%、200目76电熔尖晶石0-15%、200目98碳化硅粉0-5%、5微米活性氧化铝微粉0-8%、200目99金属铝粉0-1.5%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、炭黑0.5-2%、沥青粉0.5-2%、氧化锆纤维0.3-1%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%。
所述棒身泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒身原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目致密刚玉粉、200目76电熔尖晶石、200目98碳化硅粉、5微米活性氧化铝微粉、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、沥青粉、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的6目98白刚玉、36目98白刚玉、80目致密刚玉投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,再加入炭黑、氧化锆纤维,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,三次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入895目鳞片石墨正、198目鳞片石墨负,四次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)中得到的预混粉,及余下的10%-20%的180目致密刚玉粉,五次混合5-15分钟,最后出料即可。
所述沥青粉为高温树脂粉,炭黑为N330炭黑。
所述棒头是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:3-1mm氧化锆0-12%、1-0mm氧化锆20-50%、180目氧化锆粉5-25%、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石0-12%、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石20-50%、180目76电熔尖晶石5-25%、899目鳞片石墨正10-20%、200目99金属铝粉0-3%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、高温树脂粉0-2%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%。
所述棒头泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒头原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目氧化锆粉、5%的180目76电熔尖晶石、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、高温树脂粉、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的3-1mm氧化锆、1-0mm氧化锆、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入899目鳞片石墨正,三次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)得到的预混粉,及余下的0-20%的180目氧化锆粉、0-20%的180目76电熔尖晶石,四次混合5-15分钟,最后出料即可。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1)本发明的冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒,与现有普通的中间包用整体塞棒相比,由于向棒身原有的铝碳材质中,引入0.3-1%的氧化锆纤维,0.5-2%的进口沥青粉,0.5-2%的炭黑,将原有的金属铝含量降低到1.5%以下,极限颗粒增加到3mm以上,合理增加骨料极限颗粒尺寸及比例,提高骨料及细粉的档次,采用复合碳源,增加纤维材料,有效改善棒身耐侵蚀性,提高了棒身材质在高温使用时的强度及韧性。
2)本发明的冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒,与现有普通的中间包用整体塞棒相比,由于将棒头从传统材质,首次优化成尖晶石-氧化锆-碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性。
3)本发明的冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒,经过以上措施,高温性能明显改善,在钢厂中间包的使用效果得以提升。以某钢厂1450铸机中间包整体塞棒为例,采用本发明的方法之后,平均使用寿命由8-9罐次,提高到16-18罐次。部分理化指标检测如表1(表中百分比为重量百分比):
表1:
附图说明
图1是整体塞棒工况使用示意图。
图2是棒头严重侵蚀示意图。
图3是塞棒棒身折断示意图。
图中:1-长水口、2-塞棒棒身、3-塞棒棒头、4-中包水口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明:
一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,具体如下:
1)在棒身原有的铝碳材质中加入占总重量百分比为0.3-1%的氧化锆纤维、0.5-2%的沥青粉,0.5-2%的炭黑,将原有的金属铝重量百分比含量降低到1.5%以下,极限颗粒增加到3mm以上,提高棒身材质在高温使用时的韧性;
2)将棒头的材质优化成尖晶石-氧化锆-碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性。
所述棒身是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:6目98白刚玉5-12%、36目98白刚玉10-20%、80目致密刚玉10-15%、180目致密刚玉粉15-25%、895目鳞片石墨正10-15%、198目鳞片石墨负10-15%、200目76电熔尖晶石0-15%、200目98碳化硅粉0-5%、5微米活性氧化铝微粉0-8%、200目99金属铝粉0-1.5%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、炭黑0.5-2%、沥青粉0.5-2%、氧化锆纤维0.3-1%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%。
所述棒身泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒身原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目致密刚玉粉、200目76电熔尖晶石、200目98碳化硅粉、5微米活性氧化铝微粉、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、沥青粉、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的6目98白刚玉、36目98白刚玉、80目致密刚玉投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,再加入炭黑、氧化锆纤维,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,三次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入895目鳞片石墨正、198目鳞片石墨负,四次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)中得到的预混粉,及余下的10%-20%的180目致密刚玉粉,五次混合5-15分钟,期间可根据泥料效果,换高、中、低档转速混合,最后出料即可。
混好的泥料在固定的温度、湿度下放置12-36小时,然后烘干、均化,即可成型生产。
所述棒头是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:3-1mm氧化锆0-12%、1-0mm氧化锆20-50%、180目氧化锆粉5-25%、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石0-12%、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石20-50%、180目76电熔尖晶石5-25%、899目鳞片石墨正10-20%、200目99金属铝粉0-3%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、高温树脂粉(P)0-2%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%。
所述棒头泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒头原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目氧化锆粉、5%的180目76电熔尖晶石、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、高温树脂粉(P)、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的3-1mm氧化锆、1-0mm氧化锆、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入899目鳞片石墨正,三次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)得到的预混粉,及余下的0-20%的180目氧化锆粉、0-20%的180目76电熔尖晶石,四次混合5-15分钟,期间可根据泥料效果,换高、中、低档转速混合,最后出料即可。
混好的泥料在固定的温度、湿度下放置12-36小时,然后烘干、均化,即可成型生产。
现有普通整体塞棒棒身材料一般由20-30%的石墨,60-70%的氧化铝质材料,1-4%的抗氧化物等添加剂,及6-10%的结合剂组成。
针对目前中间包冶炼超低碳钢用整体塞棒棒身普遍出现的易折断,不耐冲刷等缺陷,本发明从有效改善棒身高温韧性,提高棒身耐侵蚀作为突破口,合理增加骨料极限颗粒尺寸及比例,提高骨料及细粉的档次,采用复合碳源,增加纤维材料。
现有普通整体塞棒棒头材料一般根据不同使用条件、不同成本情况,而分为铝碳质、镁碳质、尖晶石碳质、锆碳质等。
针对目前中间包冶炼超低碳钢用整体塞棒棒头普遍出现的不耐侵蚀,不耐冲刷等缺陷,本发明从优化棒头材质,有效改善棒头高温强度,提高棒头耐侵蚀作为突破口,合理增加骨料极限颗粒尺寸及比例。最终,将棒头材质优化成尖晶石-氧化锆-碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性。
下面以某钢厂1450铸机中间包整体塞棒为例,具体说明本发明:冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的新生产方法。
某钢厂1450铸机,自2006年正式投入生产使用以来,已有10多年,钢种由最初的普通钢种,扩展到现在的以低碳钢、超低碳钢、船板、硅钢为主的精品钢种,尤其是超低碳钢冶炼要求中间包整体塞棒,要从原来的8-9罐次,提高到16罐次以上。前期其他厂家陆续开展试验,不是塞棒棒身折断,就是棒头不耐冲刷,达不到钢厂要求。
我公司采用本发明的方法将1450铸机中间包整体塞棒做了如下改进,实施例配方见表2、表3:
表2:
表3:
实施效果:
按以上方案实施之后,中间包整体塞棒使用中棒身折断、棒头不耐侵蚀现象改善极为明显,改进前后使用寿命初步统计见表4:
从表4中可以看出,通过种种措施,实现了改善中间包整体塞棒的棒身及棒头性能,使中间包整体塞棒的使用寿命明显提高的目标,最终满足了中间包冶炼超低碳钢的长浇次要求,这样一方面很好地满足了钢厂冶炼的要求,也为耐火材料生产厂家创造了可观的效益,同时也减少了资源占用和消耗,绿色环保。
Claims (4)
1.一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,其特征在于,具体如下:
1)棒身极限颗粒增加到3mm以上,提高棒身材质在高温使用时的韧性;
所述棒身是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:6目98白刚玉5-12%、36目98白刚玉10-20%、80目致密刚玉10-15%、180目致密刚玉粉15-25%、895目鳞片石墨正10-15%、198目鳞片石墨负10-15%、200目76电熔尖晶石0-15%、200目98碳化硅粉0-5%、5微米活性氧化铝微粉0-8%、200目99金属铝粉0-1.5%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、炭黑0.5-2%、沥青粉0.5-2%、氧化锆纤维0.3-1%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%;
2)将棒头的材质优化成尖晶石-氧化锆-碳材质,既保证棒头的抗侵蚀性,又保证其高温体积稳定性和整体性;
所述棒头是由下列重量百分比的原料制备而成:3-1mm氧化锆0-12%、1-0mm氧化锆20-50%、180目氧化锆粉5-25%、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石0-12%、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石20-50%、180目76电熔尖晶石5-25%、899目鳞片石墨正10-20%、200目99金属铝粉0-3%、金属硅微粉0-3%、325目碳化硼0-2%、325目硼化钙0-1%、高温树脂粉0-2%、固体树脂粉0-2%、液体树脂6-10%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,其特征在于,所述棒身泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒身原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目致密刚玉粉、200目76电熔尖晶石、200目98碳化硅粉、5微米活性氧化铝微粉、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、沥青粉、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的6目98白刚玉、36目98白刚玉、80目致密刚玉投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,再加入炭黑、氧化锆纤维,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,三次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入895目鳞片石墨正、198目鳞片石墨负,四次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)中得到的预混粉,及余下的10%-20%的180目致密刚玉粉,五次混合5-15分钟,最后出料即可。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,其特征在于,所述沥青粉为高温树脂粉,炭黑为N330炭黑。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种冶炼超低碳钢中间包用长浇次整体塞棒的生产方法,其特征在于,所述棒头泥料的生产方法包括如下步骤:
1)按所述棒头原料的成分、粒度、重量百分比进行称量配料,公差小于0.02公斤,封闭备用;
2)将称量好的5%的180目氧化锆粉、5%的180目76电熔尖晶石、200目99金属铝粉、金属硅微粉、325目碳化硼、325目硼化钙、高温树脂粉、固体树脂粉,预先用锥形双螺旋混合机混合25-30分钟,作为预混粉待用;
3)将称量好的3-1mm氧化锆、1-0mm氧化锆、3-1mm 76电熔尖晶石、1-0mm 76电熔尖晶石投入到可调速的造粒机中,一次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入液体树脂,二次高速混合2-6分钟,然后加入899目鳞片石墨正,三次高速混合2-6分钟,最后加入步骤2)得到的预混粉,及余下的0-20%的180目氧化锆粉、0-20%的180目76电熔尖晶石,四次混合5-15分钟,最后出料即可。
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CN1446651A (zh) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-08 | 淄博北工新特耐火材料有限公司 | 复合整体塞棒 |
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CN104402462A (zh) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-03-11 | 瑞泰科技股份有限公司 | 一种用于高炉渣生产矿棉控流的塞棒及其工艺 |
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CN1446651A (zh) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-08 | 淄博北工新特耐火材料有限公司 | 复合整体塞棒 |
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