CN107362820A - It is a kind of to be used to be catalyzed catalyst of chlorinated organics burning and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be used to be catalyzed catalyst of chlorinated organics burning and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107362820A CN107362820A CN201710701507.3A CN201710701507A CN107362820A CN 107362820 A CN107362820 A CN 107362820A CN 201710701507 A CN201710701507 A CN 201710701507A CN 107362820 A CN107362820 A CN 107362820A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of catalyst for being catalyzed chlorinated organics burning and preparation method thereof, takes full advantage of CeO2It is acid and because of Ce4+/Ce3+Reversible transformation and there is good storage put oxygen performance and oxygen mobility, while using high-specific surface area and with the g C of abundant mesoporous passage3N4CeO is changed as carrier2Exposure crystal face, further increase oxygen mobility, and then further increase catalytic performance so that chloride volatile organic matter can be converted into H by catalyst of the present invention long-term and stably in air ambient2O、CO2And HCl.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be used to be catalyzed urging for chlorinated organics burning the present invention relates to chlorine contained exhaust gas processing technology field
Agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Volatile organic matter (VOCs) is that one kind has higher vapor pressure, is present in sky in vapour form at normal temperatures and pressures
A kind of volatile organic matter in gas, by the difference of its chemical constitution, main component is:Alkanes, organic chloride, freon
Series, organic ketone, amine, alcohol, ether and oil hydrocarbon compound etc..Wherein chloride volatile organic matter (CVOCs) obtains many researchs
The concern of person, it is larger mainly due to its harm of health to people, and also part CVOCs can also destroy atmospheric ozone layer, lead
Cause photochemical fog and air acidification etc..But these materials are due to there is the inertness of preferable dissolubility and reaction,
So that this kind of compound is widely used in chemical production.In addition, in recent years, the haze that constantly frequency increases shows
As, allow people more recognize environmental problem it is severe with it is critical.Therefore, the processing of organic exhaust gas turns into a necessity with administering
And the problem of urgent.At present, catalytic oxidation is because with initiation temperature is low, energy consumption is low and and almost non-secondary pollution etc. is excellent
Point, it is considered to be most efficient energy-saving and economically viable method, be increasingly subject to the concern of people.
Combustion method refers under the participation of active oxygen species and lower temperature conditions, can be incited somebody to action in suitable Jue agents
CVOCs deep oxidations are degraded to CO2、H2O and HCl method,
Its course of reaction is as follows:
Advantage compared to other treatment technologies , Onlyization combustion methods is mainly reflected in:Initiation temperature is low, and energy consumption is small;Remove
Rate is high, and secondary pollution is small;The scope of application is wider, selects suitable Jueization to carve, can almost handle all CVOCs.In Jueization
In combustion process, it is the key that efficient degradation is reacted to select suitable catalyst, is broadly divided into noble metal catalyst and your non-gold
The class of metal catalyst two.Noble metal Jue agents (such as loading ruthenium, palladium, platinum, gold) have high activity, generation HCl selectively high excellent
Point, but the shortcomings of expensive and catalyst is easily poisoned be present.In addition, non-Gui Jin Shu Only agent (such as molecular sieve, transition metal
Oxide and rare earth metal composite oxide etc.) change has higher reactivity, and has cheap, anti-poisoning etc. excellent
Point.
Patent CN103962134A discloses a kind of method that chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons burning eliminates, and is with cerium oxide nano-rod, receives
Rice cube and nanometer regular octahedron be carrier-supported precious metal ruthenium as catalyst, and pass through dilute alkaline soln absorbing reaction tail
Gas.This method catalytic activity is high, and reaction non-secondary pollution thing produces, but catalyst cost is high, it is difficult to industrial applications.Patent
CN10389425A discloses a kind of catalyst for the burning of more chlorination aromatic hydrocarbons, and it is that Fe, Ni, Cr, Bi or Mn adulterate four oxygen
Change three cobalts.The catalyst activity is high, and anti-chlorine poisoning capability is strong, but fragile structure, the waste gas that can not be applied under high-speed
Processing.Patent CN103962127A disclose it is a kind of for chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons burning catalyst, its be Sr, Ce, Mg, Al, Fe,
The LaMnO of the perovskite structure of Co, Ni, Cu doping3.The catalyst preparation is simple, and cost is cheap, and heat endurance is good, but is catalyzed
Limited activity.
Catalyst provided by the invention has that preparation technology is simple, cheap, catalytic activity is high, anti-chlorine poisoning capability
By force, the advantages that long lifespan., can be in air ambient, long-term and stably by chloride volatile organic matter using the catalyst
It is converted into H2O、CO2And HCl, and technology path is convenient and practical, can be widely applied to the improvement of the chloride organic exhaust gas of industry.
The content of the invention
To solve technical problem, solution of the invention is:There is provided a kind of for being catalyzed urging for chlorinated organics burning
Agent, the catalyst are with graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) it is carrier, CeO2For active component, alkali metal is auxiliary agent;Wherein,
CeO2The 20-50% of catalyst weight is accounted for, alkali metal accounts for the 0.1%~2% of catalyst weight, surplus g-C3N4;The alkali gold
Belong to for the one or more in Li, Na, K, Ru, Cs.
Complex rare-earth oxidate containing valuable metal, especially CeO2And cerium-based composite oxides have good storage put oxygen performance and oxygen flow
Property, it is highly beneficial to CVOCs deep oxidation, therefore the application in CVOCs catalysis oxidations field receives extensive concern.Research
The high CVOCs catalyst for catalytic oxidation of low with development cost but active high, selectivity and stability has urgent demand and city
, it is one of very important problem of current environment Jueization material aspect.Dilute host element exists very extensively, especially in nature
The rare earth element of the high abundances such as lanthanum, cerium, Onlyization field it is many it is important during be widely used, and play focus on
Will or irreplaceable effect.According to the literature, the surface acidity of Jue agents and the mobility of active oxygen are to influence CVOCs to urge
Change two principal elements of oxidation activity.And CeO2With certain acidity and because of Ce4+/Ce3+Reversible transformation and with good
Storage put oxygen performance and oxygen mobility.Also there are some researches show the ceria of different-shape possesses different exposure crystal faces, its table
Face chemical property differs greatly, and the crystal face of particular exposed possesses preferable oxygen mobility so that the oxidation susceptibility of catalyst obtains
Very big improvement.
Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) it is a kind of new no metal material, because it has numerous special physicochemical properties,
Potential application prospect, mesoporous g-C are shown in fields such as heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis, fuel cell and gas storages3N4Gather around
There are high-ratio surface and abundant mesopore orbit, more Adsorptions can be exposed, it is then lifted and applied in catalytic reaction etc.
The performance of aspect.
The CeO of graphite phase carbon nitride load provided by the invention2Catalyst, take full advantage of CeO2It is acid and because of Ce4+/Ce3 +Reversible transformation and there is good storage put oxygen performance and oxygen mobility, while using high-specific surface area and with abundant Jie
The g-C of hole path3N4CeO is changed as carrier2Exposure crystal face, further increase oxygen mobility, and then further improve
Catalytic performance so that catalyst of the present invention long-term and stably can turn chloride volatile organic matter in air ambient
Turn to H2O、CO2And HCl.
Invention further provides the method for preparing the catalyst for being previously used for being catalyzed chlorinated organics burning, including under
State step:
(1) a certain amount of dicyanodiamine is placed in the crucible with lid, added in Muffle furnace with 2 DEG C per minute of speed
Heat is to 530 DEG C, insulation, then drops to normal temperature with 2 DEG C of min mono- speed, obtains the cake mass of yellow, here it is obtained block
Shape g-C3N4.Obtained dispersion liquid is centrifuged at 3,000 rpm, removes the block g-C not yet peeled off3N4, obtain
89g g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.
(2) a certain amount of soluble cerium salt and a certain amount of alkali metal salt are dissolved in a certain amount of water, then to solution
It is middle to add above-mentioned g-C3N4Nanometer sheet, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes.Then mixture is transferred to autoclave
In and be heated to 130 DEG C, and keep the temperature 24 hours.Solid product, is then dried overnight, finally exists by filtering at 60 DEG C
It is calcined in air under high temperature, tabletting, is produced after sieving (40-60 mesh).
The concentration and impregnation ratio of each solution are controlled in preparation process, makes the CeO of the alkali metals modified of gained2/g-C3N4
Catalyst possesses following characteristics:CeO2The 20-30% of catalyst weight is accounted for, alkali metal accounts for the 0.1%~2% of catalyst weight,
Surplus is g-C3N4.In the present invention, the soluble cerium salt metal salt refers to nitrate, acetate, chlorate, the carbon of metallic cerium
Hydrochlorate, sulfate or oxalates are one or more of.In the present invention, high-temperature roasting described in step (2) refers at 400~600 DEG C
It is calcined 2~5h.
Compared with the prior art compared with what the present invention had has the technical effect that:(1) preparation technology of the present invention is simple, compares surface
Product is big, and cost is low, is adapted to large-scale production.(2) CeO of graphite phase carbon nitride load provided by the invention2Catalyst, fully profit
With CeO2It is acid and because of Ce4+/Ce3+Reversible transformation and there is good storage put oxygen performance and oxygen mobility, while using high
Specific surface area and g-C3N4 with abundant mesoporous passage changes CeO as carrier2Exposure crystal face, further increase
Oxygen mobility, and then further increase catalytic performance so that catalyst of the present invention can be in air ambient, long-time stable
Chloride volatile organic matter is converted into H by ground2O、CO2And HCl.(3) it is active material that the present invention, which have chosen cheap cerium oxide,
Material, using high-specific surface area and the g-C3N4 with abundant mesoporous passage is as carrier, improves catalyst activity and life-span.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment
Only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
【Embodiment 1】
(1) a certain amount of dicyanodiamine is placed in the crucible with lid, with 2 DEG C per minute of speed in Muffle furnace
530 DEG C are heated to, is incubated 4h, then normal temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C of min mono- speed, obtains the cake mass of yellow, here it is obtained
Block g-C3N4.Peeled off by ultrasound and prepare g-C3N4 nanometer sheets.For example, the g-C by 50g3N4It is placed in 100mL ultra-pure water
In, ultrasonic 24h.Obtained dispersion liquid is centrifuged at 3,000 rpm, the block g-C3N4 not yet peeled off is removed, obtains
To g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.
(2) 11.6g cerous nitrates and 0.24g sodium chloride are dissolved in 100mL water, then to addition 20g g-C in solution3N4
Nanometer sheet, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes.Then mixture is transferred in autoclave and is heated to 130
DEG C, and keep the temperature 24 hours.Solid product, is then dried overnight, finally at high temperature in air by filtering at 60 DEG C
Roasting, tabletting, 23g Na-CeO are obtained after sieving (40-60 mesh)2/ g-C3N4 catalyst, wherein CeO2Quality accounts for catalyst
The proportion that 30%, Na account for catalyst is 0.4%.
【Embodiment 2】
(1) a certain amount of dicyanodiamine is placed in the crucible with lid, with 2 DEG C per minute of speed in Muffle furnace
530 DEG C are heated to, is incubated 4h, then normal temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C of min mono- speed, obtains the cake mass of yellow, here it is obtained
Block g-C3N4.Peeled off by ultrasound and prepare g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.For example, the g-C by 50g3N4It is placed in 100mL ultra-pure water
In, ultrasonic 24h.Obtained dispersion liquid is centrifuged at 3,000 rpm, removes the block g-C not yet peeled off3N4, obtain
g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.
(2) 11.6g cerous nitrates and 0.35g potassium chloride are dissolved in 100mL water, then to addition 20g g-C in solution3N4
Nanometer sheet, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes.Then mixture is transferred in autoclave and is heated to 130
DEG C, and keep the temperature 24 hours.Solid product, is then dried overnight, finally at high temperature in air by filtering at 60 DEG C
Roasting, tabletting, 23g K-CeO are obtained after sieving (40-60 mesh)2/g-C3N4Catalyst, wherein CeO2Quality accounts for catalyst
The proportion that 30%, K account for catalyst is 0.4%.
【Embodiment 3】
(1) a certain amount of dicyanodiamine is placed in the crucible with lid, with 2 DEG C per minute of speed in Muffle furnace
530 DEG C are heated to, is incubated 4h, then normal temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C of min mono- speed, obtains the cake mass of yellow, here it is obtained
Block g-C3N4.Peeled off by ultrasound and prepare g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.For example, the g-C by 50g3N4It is placed in 100mL ultra-pure water
In, ultrasonic 24h.Obtained dispersion liquid is centrifuged at 3,000 rpm, removes the block g-C not yet peeled off3N4, obtain
g-C3N4Nanometer sheet.
(2) 11.6g cerous nitrates and 0.67g cesium chlorides are dissolved in 100mL water, then to addition 20g g-C in solution3N4
Nanometer sheet, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes.Then mixture is transferred in autoclave and is heated to 130
DEG C, and keep the temperature 24 hours.Solid product, is then dried overnight, finally at high temperature in air by filtering at 60 DEG C
Roasting, tabletting, 23gNa-CeO is obtained after sieving (40-60 mesh)2/g-C3N4Catalyst, wherein CeO2Quality accounts for catalyst
The proportion that 30%, CS account for catalyst is 0.7%.
【Comparative example 1】
First, 11.6g cerous nitrates and 0.24g sodium chloride are dissolved in 100mL water, then to addition 20g nanometers in solution
Titanium oxide, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes.Then mixture is transferred in autoclave and is heated to 130
DEG C, and keep the temperature 24 hours.Solid product, is then dried overnight, finally at high temperature in air by filtering at 60 DEG C
Roasting, tabletting, 23g Na-CeO are obtained after sieving (40-60 mesh)2/TiO2Catalyst, wherein CeO2Quality accounts for catalyst
The proportion that 30%, Na account for catalyst is 0.35%.
【Embodiment 4】
Catalyst in this example 1~7 is loaded in fixed-bed reactor, combustion is used as using dichloromethane, chloroform and chlorobenzene
The evaluation pollutant of reaction is burnt, have the burning of chloride machine waste gas to evaluate.Catalyst is put into the quartz ampoule that internal diameter is 35mm and entered
Row test, catalyst length 50mm, volatility chlorinated organics concentration 2000ppm, air speed 10000h-1, it is as a result as shown in the table.
The chloride organic exhaust gas conversion ratio at a temperature of differential responses of table 1
The catalyst reaches more than 95% in 300 DEG C of catalytic efficiencies to chlorinated organics, and 350 DEG C reach 100%, and
It can keep stable by catalyst activity in the range of 300~350 DEG C, illustrate that catalyst activity has higher stability, be adapted to
The processing of the chloride organic exhaust gas of industry.
Described above has fully disclosed the embodiment of the present invention.It is pointed out that it is familiar with the field
Scope of the technical staff to any change that the embodiment of the present invention is done all without departing from claims of the present invention.
Correspondingly, the scope of claim of the invention is also not limited only to previous embodiment.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of catalyst for being used to be catalyzed chlorinated organics burning, it is characterised in that the catalyst is with graphite phase carbon nitride
(g-C3N4) it is carrier, CeO2For active component, alkali metal is auxiliary agent;Wherein, CeO2Account for the 20-50% of catalyst weight, alkali gold
Category accounts for the 0.1%~2% of catalyst weight, surplus g-C3N4。
2. catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that alkali metal described in the catalyst be Li, Na, K, Ru,
One or more in Cs.
3. a kind of method for preparing the catalyst for being used to be catalyzed chlorinated organics burning described in claim any one of 1-2, including
Following step:
(1) dicyanodiamine is placed in the crucible with lid, 530 DEG C is heated to 2 DEG C per minute of speed in Muffle furnace,
Insulation, then normal temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C of min mono- speed, the cake mass of yellow is obtained, here it is obtained block g-C3N4;
By g-C3N4It is placed in ultra-pure water, ultrasonic 24h, obtained dispersion liquid is centrifuged at 3,000 rpm, is removed still
Unstripped block g-C3N4, obtain g-C3N4Nanometer sheet;
(2) a certain amount of soluble cerium salt and a certain amount of alkali metal salt are dissolved in a certain amount of water, added then in solution
Enter above-mentioned g-C3N4Nanometer sheet, and the mixture is kept whisking 30 minutes, then mixture is transferred in autoclave simultaneously
130 DEG C are heated to, and keeps the temperature 24 hours, filters, is then dried overnight solid product at 60 DEG C, finally in high temperature
It is calcined in lower air, tabletting, is produced after crossing 40-60 mesh sieves.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that concentration and the leaching of each solution are controlled in preparation process
Stain ratio, make the CeO of the alkali metals modified of gained2/g-C3N4Catalyst possesses following characteristics:CeO2Account for the 20- of catalyst weight
30%, alkali metal accounts for the 0.1%~2% of catalyst weight, surplus g-C3N4。
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the soluble cerium salt metal salt refers to metallic cerium
Nitrate, acetate, chlorate, carbonate, sulfate or oxalates are one or more of.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that high-temperature roasting described in step (2) refers to 400~
600 DEG C of 2~5h of roasting.
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CN107511160A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-26 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | A kind of MOX/g C3N4@SiO2The preparation method and applications of catalyst |
CN108727158A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 杨彩花 | A method of catalysis acetic acid hydrogenation ethyl alcohol |
CN110090650A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-06 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of cobaltosic oxide catalyst that ruthenium strontium promotes altogether and products thereof and and application |
CN110694666A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-17 | 江汉大学 | C3N4@CeO2Supported low-content gold catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
CN113181951A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 南京工程学院 | Preparation of carbon nitride modified copper-loaded cerium-zirconium solid solution catalyst and application of carbon nitride modified copper-loaded cerium-zirconium solid solution catalyst in catalytic oxidation of toluene |
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CN113181951A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 南京工程学院 | Preparation of carbon nitride modified copper-loaded cerium-zirconium solid solution catalyst and application of carbon nitride modified copper-loaded cerium-zirconium solid solution catalyst in catalytic oxidation of toluene |
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