CN106076113A - A kind of method of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas - Google Patents
A kind of method of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, the method, with nanotube confinement active component catalyst as catalyst, is 45~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h‑1Under conditions of reaction within 0.5~1500 hour, carry out organic gas catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction, organic gas is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water;The method utilizes the pore passage structure of nanotube self and receives micro-space, prepare in the active component processing the catalyst of organic gas is implanted to nanotube pore passage structure and there is high activity, the nanotube confinement active component catalyst this confinement type catalyst of high stability is used for oxidative degradation organic gas, can be at a lower temperature by organic gas Quick Oxidation carbon dioxide and water, organic gas clearance be up to more than 95% and catalyst activity high, active lifetime is long, solve reaction temperature height present in prior art, catalyst activity and stablize poor, the problem that the catalyst activity constituent element life-span is short.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to administer organic pollutant field, be specifically related to the side of a kind of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas
Method.
Background technology:
It is known that the discharge of petrochemical industry, fuel combustion and vehicle exhaust in air, indoor environment is built and decorates
Organic harmful gas that material evaporates all drastically influence the health of human body, and air pollutants are mainly volatile organic matter
(VOCs), its kind up to kind more than 200, is also the key factor of PM2.5 harm.When in air, VOCs reaches finite concentration,
People will feel the symptoms such as headache, dizzy, weak, vision goes wrong, if Long Term Contact, these symptoms will be aggravated, very
To can carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis.VOCs harm great to human body, is likened to " the stealthy killer " of human health by society,
Under this background, its improvement is extremely the most urgent.
The VOCs treatment of high concentration mainly uses flame combustion method and Production by Catalytic Combustion Process at present.Flame combustion method is suitable for
In processing high concentration, the imflammable gas of little tolerance, reclaim heat energy by heat exchanger, reduced ignition temperature, purify effect
Rate is of a relatively high, can realize burning completely.But when VOCs concentration is relatively low, people's auxiliary fuel need to be added, to maintain normal burning
Temperature, thus increase operating cost.In addition its equipment is perishable, easily forms secondary pollution;And Production by Catalytic Combustion Process is in catalysis
Under the effect of agent, make the Hydrocarbon in organic exhaust gas rapid oxidation Cheng Shui and carbon dioxide at a certain temperature, due to combustion
Burning temperature significantly reduces, thus reduces burning fee use, but catalyst easy-sintering and poisoning so that the method input cost is relative
Higher.
Summary of the invention:
The method that it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, the method utilizes nanotube self
Pore passage structure and receive micro-space, make in the active component processing the catalyst of organic gas is implanted to nanotube pore passage structure
Standby go out have high activity, high stability nanotube confinement active component catalyst this confinement type catalyst for oxidative degradation
Organic gas, it is possible at a lower temperature by organic gas Quick Oxidation carbon dioxide and water, organic gas clearance is up to
More than 95% and catalyst activity high, active lifetime is long, solves reaction temperature present in prior art high, catalyst activity
With stablize problem poor, that the catalyst activity constituent element life-span is short.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The method of a kind of low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, the method is with nanotube confinement active component catalyst for catalysis
Agent, is 40~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of reaction within 0.5~1500 hour, carry out organic gas
Catalyzing oxidizing degrading reacts, and organic gas is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water;Organic gas is 1:300 with the mol ratio of oxidant
~100000;Described organic gas one or two in benzene,toluene,xylene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, methane, ethylene, butane
More than Zhong;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Described nanotube confinement active component catalyst, will process the catalyst of organic gas
Active component be implanted in nanotube pore passage structure, described active component selected from noble metal, metal-oxide, noble metal with gold
Belonging to one or more mixing in oxide, described noble metal is selected from one or more in Pt, Pd, Au or Ru;
Metal-oxide is selected from CuO, Cu2O、CeO2、Co3O4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、MnO2, one or more in NiO;Described receive
Mitron in titania nanotube, silicon/titanium composite nano tube, zinc oxide nano mitron, the CNT a kind of or
Two or more.
The preparation method of described nanotube confinement active component catalyst is as follows: by the precursor solution containing active component
Mix with nanotube, after stirring 30min, under the conditions of vacuum-0.03~-0.1Mpa, use ultrasonic or stirring auxiliary law general
Active component is embedded in nanotube, is then placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C being dried 12 hours, is transferred in Muffle furnace at 400 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours, i.e. obtains nanotube confinement active component catalyst.
Preferably, with titania nanotube confinement Pd as catalyst, be 55~100 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~
100000h-1Under conditions of carry out the catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of organic gas ethylene, can make 80%~100% (mole point
Number) organic gas oxidation of ethylene be carbon dioxide and water.
Preferably, with silicon/titanium composite nano tube confinement MnO2For catalyst, it is 160~220 DEG C in temperature,
Air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of react, the organic gas butane oxidation that can make 70%~100% (molar fraction) is
Carbon dioxide and water.
Preferably, with titania nanotube confinement Pt-Au as catalyst, be 180~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~
100000h-1Under conditions of, the organic gas benzene of 60%~100% (molar fraction) and the mixed gas oxidation of toluene can be made
For carbon dioxide and water.
It is highly preferred that with titania nanotube confinement Pd-CeO2For catalyst, it is 140~200 DEG C in temperature, air speed
100~100000h-1Under conditions of react, can make organic gas butane oxidation is carbon dioxide and water.This catalyst is 160
After using 1000 hours at DEG C, the conversion ratio of organic gas is also up to more than 80%.
The concentration of described organic gas is 0.5ppm~1000ppm.
The present invention also protects the described nanotube confinement active component catalyst for low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, its
Being characterised by, the active component processing the catalyst of organic gas is implanted in nanotube pore passage structure by this catalyst, described
Active component mixes with one or more in metal-oxide selected from noble metal, metal-oxide, noble metal, described expensive
Metal is selected from one or more in Pt, Pd, Au or Ru;Metal-oxide is selected from CuO, Cu2O、CeO2、Co3O4、Fe2O3、
Fe3O4、MnO2, one or more in NiO;Described nanotube is selected from titania nanotube, silicon oxide nanotube, oxygen
Change in zinc nanotube, CNT a kind of;The preparation method of described nanotube confinement active component catalyst is as follows: will be containing living
Property constituent element precursor solution and nanotube mixing, stirring 30min after, under the conditions of vacuum-0.03~-0.1Mpa, adopt
With ultrasonic or stirring auxiliary law, active component is embedded in nanotube, is then placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C being dried 12 hours,
It is transferred in Muffle furnace roasting 2 hours at 400 DEG C, i.e. obtains nanotube confinement active component catalyst.
Described nanotube confinement active component catalyst, utilizes the pore passage structure of nanotube self and receives micro-space, uses
The active component processing the catalyst of organic gas is implanted in nanotube pore passage structure by vacuum aided method so that active component
The most embedded therebetween, prepare the nanotube confinement active component catalyst this confinement type with high activity, high stability
Catalyst is used for oxidative degradation organic gas, had both prevented the reunion of active component in the preparation process of catalyst, and had been also prevented from urging
Change sintering and the loss of active component in course of reaction, simultaneously because the confinement effect of nanotube is further such that active component chi
Very little reduction, reduces reaction temperature, it is possible at a lower temperature by organic gas Quick Oxidation carbon dioxide and water, organic gas
Clearance be up to more than 95% and catalyst activity high, active lifetime is long.
There is advantages that the present invention utilizes the pore passage structure of nanotube self and receives micro-space, will at
The active component of catalyst of reason organic gas is prepared in being implanted to nanotube pore passage structure has high activity, high stability
Nanotube confinement active component catalyst, is used for oxidative degradation organic gas by this confinement type catalyst, it is possible at relatively low temperature
By organic gas Quick Oxidation carbon dioxide and water under degree, organic gas clearance be up to more than 95% and catalyst activity high,
Active lifetime is long, solves reaction temperature present in prior art high, catalyst activity and stablize poor, catalyst activity constituent element
The problem that life-span is short.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the process schematic representation preparing nanotube confinement active component catalyst;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst prepared in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst (Pd@TiO in embodiment 12NT) with the dioxy in comparative example 1
Change titanium nano tube supported Pd catalyst (Pd/TiO2NT) ethylene catalytic oxidation activity figure it is respectively used to;Wherein abscissa is temperature,
Vertical coordinate is conversion rate curve;
Fig. 4 is silicon/titanium composite nano tube confinement MnO in embodiment 22Catalyst (MnO2@SiTiOxNT) with right
Silicon/titanium composite nano tube load MnO in ratio 22Catalyst (MnO2/ SiTiOxNT) it is respectively used to butane catalysis oxygen
Change activity figure;Wherein abscissa is temperature, and vertical coordinate is conversion rate curve.
Detailed description of the invention:
The following is and the present invention is further illustrated rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Preparation technology sees Fig. 1, by palladium chloride solution that mass fraction percent concentration is 2wt% and nano titania
Pipe mixes, and after stirring 30min, under-0.1MPa, normal temperature condition, uses ultrasonic wave added that precious metals pd is embedded in titanium dioxide
In nanotube, it is washed out, filters and put in baking oven and to be dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, be transferred in Muffle furnace at 400 DEG C
Roasting 2 hours, i.e. obtains titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst, and its transmission electron microscope picture is as shown in Figure 2.By the dioxy of gained
Changing titanium nanotube confinement Pd catalyst and insert in reactor, the concentration of ethylene is 0.5ppm~1000ppm, ethylene and oxidant
Mol ratio is 1:300~100000;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Catalyst space velocities is 5000h-1, at 55 DEG C, stablize 2 little
Time, the instantaneous clearance of organic gas ethylene is up to more than 95%.
Comparative example 1:
Reference example 1, difference is with titania nanotube Pt-supported catalyst (Pd/TiO2NT) two are replaced
Titanium oxide nanotubes confinement Pd catalyst (Pd@TiO2NT)。
The preparation method of titania nanotube Pt-supported catalyst is to be the chlorine of 2wt% by mass fraction percent concentration
Changing palladium solution to mix with titania nanotube, stir 30min under normal temperature condition, using water bath with thermostatic control (60 DEG C) auxiliary to stir will
On precious metals pd carried titanium dioxide nanotube, it is washed out, filters and put in baking oven and to be dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, transfer
To Muffle furnace at 400 DEG C roasting 2 hours, i.e. obtain titania nanotube Pt-supported catalyst.
Fig. 3 is titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst (Pd@TiO in embodiment 12NT) with titanium dioxide in comparative example 1
Titanium nano tube supported Pd catalyst (Pd/TiO2NT) ethylene catalytic oxidation activity figure it is respectively used to;
As seen from Figure 3, titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst (Pd@TiO2NT) initial action of degrading ethylene
It is about 45 DEG C, and time more than 60 DEG C, ethylene can be by quick and complete oxidation.And the catalysis of titania nanotube load P d
Agent (Pd/TiO2NT) initial action of degrading ethylene is about 85 DEG C, and time more than 100 DEG C, ethylene can be by quick and complete oxygen
Changing, this explanation titania nanotube confinement Pd catalyst can reduce the complete oxidation temperature of ethylene, it is possible at lower temperature
Lower by organic gas Quick Oxidation carbon dioxide and water.
Embodiment 2:
The manganese nitrate solution that mass fraction percent concentration is 50wt% is mixed with silicon/titanium composite nano tube
Close, after stirring 30min, under-0.08MPa, normal temperature condition, use stirring auxiliary by transition metal oxide MnO2It is embedded in multiple
Close in nanotube, be washed out, filter and put in baking oven and be dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, be transferred in Muffle furnace at 400 DEG C
Lower roasting 2 hours, i.e. obtains silicon/titanium composite Nano confinement MnO2Catalyst.The silicon/titanium of gained is multiple
Close nanometer confinement MnO2Catalyst is inserted in reactor, and the concentration of butane is 0.5ppm~1000ppm, and butane rubs with oxidant
That ratio is 1:300~100000;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Catalyst space velocities is 2500h-1, stablize at 160 DEG C 2 hours,
The instantaneous clearance of organic gas butane is up to more than 70%.
Comparative example 2:
Reference example 2, difference is, loads MnO with silicon/titanium composite nano tube2Catalyst (MnO2/
SiTiOxNT) silicon/titanium composite Nano confinement MnO is replaced2Catalyst (MnO2@SiTiOxNT)。
Silicon/titanium composite nano tube load MnO2Catalyst (MnO2/ SiTiOxNT) preparation method with reference to contrast
Example 1, difference is, is combined with silicon/titanium with the manganese nitrate solution that mass fraction percent concentration is 50wt%
Nanotube mixes.
Fig. 4 is silicon/titanium composite Nano confinement MnO in embodiment 22Catalyst (MnO2@SiTiOxNT) and contrast
Silicon/titanium composite nano tube load MnO in example 22Catalyst (MnO2/ SiTiOxNT) it is respectively used to catalyzed butane oxidation
Activity figure;As seen from Figure 4, MnO2The initial action of@SiTiOxNT catalyst degradation ethylene is about 130 DEG C, and
When 160 DEG C, the instantaneous conversion rate of butane is more than 70%.And MnO2The initial action of/SiTiOxNT catalyst degradation butane is
About 160 DEG C, when 200 DEG C, the instantaneous conversion rate of butane just reaches 70%, and silicon/titanium composite nano tube confinement is described
MnO2Catalyst can reduce the oxidizing temperature of butane, it is possible at a lower temperature by organic gas butane Quick Oxidation titanium dioxide
Carbon and water.
Embodiment 3:
Mass fraction percent concentration is respectively the platinum acid chloride solution of 2wt% and 1wt% chlorauric acid solution and titanium dioxide
Titanium nanotube mixes, and after stirring 30min, under-0.1MPa, normal temperature condition, uses stirring auxiliary by precious metals pt and Au ion
It is embedded in nanotube, is washed out, filter and put in baking oven and to be dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, be transferred in Muffle furnace
Roasting 2 hours at 400 DEG C, i.e. obtain titania nanotube confinement Pt-Au catalyst.By gained titania nanotube confinement
Pt-Au catalyst is inserted in reactor, and the concentration of toluene and dimethylbenzene mixing is 0.5ppm~1000ppm, toluene and dimethylbenzene
Mixed gas is 1:300~100000 with the mol ratio of oxidant;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Catalyst space velocities is 1000h-1, to stablize at 180 DEG C 2 hours, the instantaneous clearance of organic gas toluene and dimethylbenzene gaseous mixture is up to more than 60%.
Embodiment 4:
Mass fraction percent concentration is respectively the palladium chloride solution of 2wt% and 5wt% cerous nitrate solution and titanium dioxide
Titanium nanotube mixes, and after stirring 30min, under-0.1MPa, normal temperature condition, uses ultrasonic wave added by transition metal oxide
CeO2It is embedded in nanotube with precious metals pd, is washed out, filter and put in baking oven and to be dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, transfer
To Muffle furnace at 400 DEG C roasting 2 hours, i.e. obtain titania nanotube confinement Pd-CeO2Catalyst.By gained dioxy
Change titanium nanotube confinement Pd-CeO2Catalyst is inserted in reactor, and the concentration of butane is 0.5ppm~1000ppm, butane gas
It is 1:300~100000 with the mol ratio of oxidant;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Catalyst space velocities is 2000h-1, at 140 DEG C
Under stablize 2 hours, the instantaneous clearance of organic gas butane mixture gase is up to more than 80%.This catalyst uses at 160 DEG C
After 1000 hours, the conversion ratio of organic gas is also up to more than 80%.
Embodiment 5:
The palladium chloride solution that mass fraction percent concentration is 1wt% is mixed with CNT, after stirring 30min ,-
0.1MPa, under normal temperature condition, uses ultrasonic wave added to be embedded in CNT by precious metals pd, is washed out, filters and put into
Baking oven is dried 12 hours at 60 DEG C, is transferred in Muffle furnace roasting 2 hours at 400 DEG C, i.e. obtains CNT confinement
Pd catalyst.Inserting in reactor by the CNT confinement Pd catalyst confinement catalyst of gained, the concentration of ethylene is
0.5ppm~1000ppm, ethylene is 1:300~100000 with the mol ratio of oxidant;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Catalyst
Air speed is 5000h-1, to stablize at 55 DEG C 2 hours, the instantaneous clearance of organic gas ethylene is up to more than 90%.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that the method is urged with nanotube confinement active component
Agent is catalyst, is 45~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of react and carry out for 0.5~1500 hour
The catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of organic gas, is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water by organic gas;Organic gas rubs with oxidant
That ratio is 1:300~100000;Described organic gas is in benzene,toluene,xylene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, methane, ethylene, butane
One or more;Oxidant is air or oxygen;Described nanotube confinement active component catalyst, will process organic gas
The active component of the catalyst of body is implanted in nanotube pore passage structure, described active component selected from noble metal, metal-oxide,
Noble metal mixes with one or more in metal-oxide, described noble metal one in Pt, Pd, Au or Ru or
Two or more;Metal-oxide is selected from CuO, Cu2O、CeO2、Co3O4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、MnO2, in NiO one or both with
On;Described nanotube is selected from titania nanotube, silicon/titanium composite nano tube, zinc oxide nano mitron, CNT
Middle one.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that described nanotube confinement
The preparation method of active component catalyst is as follows: by containing active component precursor solution and nanotube mixing, stirring
After 30min, under the conditions of vacuum-0.03~-0.1Mpa, use ultrasonic or stirring auxiliary law active component is embedded in nanometer
Guan Zhong, is then placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C being dried 12 hours, is transferred in Muffle furnace roasting 2 hours at 400 DEG C, is received
Mitron confinement active component catalyst.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 and 2 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that with titanium dioxide
Nanotube confinement Pd is catalyst, is 55~100 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of reaction carry out organic
The catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of gaseous ethylene.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 and 2 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that with silicon oxide/oxygen
Change titanium composite nano tube confinement MnO2For catalyst, it is 160~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of anti-
The catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of organic gas butane should be carried out.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 and 2 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that with titanium dioxide
Nanotube confinement Pt-Au is catalyst, is 180~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of reaction carry out
The catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of the mixed gas of organic gas benzene and toluene.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 and 2 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that with titanium dioxide
Nanotube confinement Pd-CeO2For catalyst, it is 140~220 DEG C in temperature, air speed 100~100000h-1Under conditions of react into
The catalyzing oxidizing degrading reaction of row organic gas butane.
The method of low-temperature oxidation the most according to claim 1 and 2 degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that described organic gas
The concentration of body is 0.5ppm~1000ppm.
8. the nanotube confinement active component catalyst for low-temperature oxidation degraded organic gas, it is characterised in that this is urged
The active component processing the catalyst of organic gas is implanted in nanotube pore passage structure by agent, and described active component is selected from expensive
Metal, metal-oxide, noble metal mix with one or more in metal-oxide, described noble metal selected from Pt, Pd,
One or more in Au or Ru;Metal-oxide is selected from CuO, Cu2O、CeO2、Co3O4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、MnO2、NiO
In one or more;Described nanotube is selected from titania nanotube, silicon/titanium composite nano tube, oxidation
One in zinc nanotube, CNT;The preparation method of described nanotube confinement active component catalyst is as follows: will contain active
Constituent element precursor solution and nanotube mixing, stirring 30min after, under the conditions of vacuum-0.03~-0.1Mpa, use
Active component is embedded in nanotube by ultrasonic or stirring auxiliary law, is then placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C being dried 12 hours, turns
Move in Muffle furnace roasting 2 hours at 400 DEG C, obtain nanotube confinement active component catalyst.
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Cited By (14)
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