CN107008459B - A kind of catalyst and its preparation method and application for chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning - Google Patents
A kind of catalyst and its preparation method and application for chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning Download PDFInfo
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- CN107008459B CN107008459B CN201710174632.3A CN201710174632A CN107008459B CN 107008459 B CN107008459 B CN 107008459B CN 201710174632 A CN201710174632 A CN 201710174632A CN 107008459 B CN107008459 B CN 107008459B
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- catalyst
- transition metal
- chlorinated organics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/053—Sulfates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of catalyst for chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning, it is the transition metal oxide of sulfuric acid modification, the transition metal oxide is zirconium oxide, titanium oxide or iron oxide, sulfuric acid is present in transition metal oxide surface in the form of bidentate sulfate, and the mass fraction of element sulphur is 0.5~3wt%.The invention also discloses the preparation method of the catalyst and its applications in chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning.The catalyst of transition metal oxide of sulfuric acid modification of the invention not only catalytic activity with higher, it can be catalyzed the combustion oxidation that chlorinated organics include aliphatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine and the aromatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine at a lower temperature, primary combustion product is carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and chlorine, there is no the chloro-product of secondary pollution to be formed, and preparation is simple, and at low cost, the service life is long, it is adapted to the processing of complex industrial exhaust gas, the application prospect with industrial waste gas processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic compound catalytic combustion technology fields, are related specifically to a kind of for chlorinated organics low temperature
It is catalyzed catalyst of burning and preparation method thereof and the application in chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning.
Background technique
Chlorinated organics mainly include aromatic hydrocarbon chloride (such as chlorobenzene, dichloro-benzenes) and non-aromatic hydro carbons chloride, such as two
Chloromethanes (DCM), chloroform (CHCl3), dichloroethanes (DCE) and trichloro ethylene (TCE) etc..Chlorinated organics can be to environment and people
The health of class causes serious harm, the influence of lasting accumulation property can be caused to biosystem, and it is smelly to destroy atmosphere
Oxygen layer.Having 12 to be classified as the first persistent organic pollutant in united nations environment project international treaties is all chlorine-containing organic
Close object.In 41 kinds of hazardous VOCs that American National Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) delimited, there are 32 kinds to also belong to chlorinated organics.
Chlorinated organics are wide as obtaining in Chemical Manufacture there are commonly solvent, organic synthesis raw material and semi-finished product
General application, such as the intermediate of thermal conductivity liquid, extinguishing chemical and chemical products and the by-product of power industry and chloro oxidant
Wood pulp float white, chlorine industry oxygen chlorine method prepares the industries such as vinyl chloride process, process hides, washing, pharmacy.Due to above-mentioned generation
The process of chloride is involved in the basic industries of national economy, and the discharge of a large amount of chlorinated organics is inevitable, therefore, mesh
Before do not have and eliminate a possibility that polluting caused by chlorinated organics from source, post-processing is approach and the side of unique feasible
Method.
In recent years, more and more extensive concern is received for the comprehensive treatment of chlorinated organics.Production by Catalytic Combustion Process is mesh
The effective way of preceding most industrial industrialization prospect, has the characteristics that low energy consumption, reactor is small, moreover it is possible to realize the complete of harmful substance
It totally disappeared except and do not cause secondary pollution.And it realizes the key of this purpose and is the performance and design of catalyst.Existing research
The result shows that there are prices is relatively expensive for noble metal catalyst, chlorination activity is high (and easily to be formed and endangers bigger more chlorine pairs
Product), be easy fluorine poisoning, high temperature active component be lost etc. deactivation prob so that the practical application of noble metal catalyst by
Limitation.So the catalyst research for chlorinated organics catalysis burning is concentrated mainly on transition metal oxide and with molecule
On solid acid catalyst based on sieve, such as MnO2、Co3O4、CrO2、CeO2With the molecular sieves such as H-MOR, H-BEA, H-X, H-Y and
SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2And ZrO2Etc. common carriers.Representative patent has JP 2002219364, JP 2001286729, JP
10085559A2, US 4031149, US 58116628, US 4561969, US 4169862, US 7052663 etc..
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high and low cost of catalytic activity, service life it is long be used for chlorinated organics low temperature
It is catalyzed the catalyst of burning.
The catalyst is the transition metal oxide of sulfuric acid modification, wherein the transition metal oxide is oxidation
Zirconium, titanium oxide or iron oxide, sulfuric acid are present in transition metal oxide surface, the quality of element sulphur in the form of bidentate sulfate
Score be 0.5~3wt%, preferably 0.5~1.5%.
The catalyst belongs to solid oxidation species super acidic catalyst, and wherein transition metal oxide preferably aoxidizes
Iron.
The catalyst can be prepared by the precipitation method and/or infusion process, and the presoma of transition metal oxide can be selected
Ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, nitre may be selected in sulfate, carbonate or nitrate of transition metal etc., such as the presoma of iron oxide
One of sour iron, iron chloride.The presoma of sulfuric acid may come from sulfate (such as ferrous sulfate or ferric sulfate) precipitating,
Remaining oxysulfide in roasting process is also possible to the sulfuric acid using traditional infusion process load.
The preparation method of catalyst described in one kind provided by the invention is the precipitation method, specifically includes step: by transition gold
Belong to sulfate to be dissolved in the water, ammonia spirit is slowly added dropwise and adjusts pH value to 9~10, the hydroxide for forming transition metal is heavy
It forms sediment, stirs the preferred 2h of 1~3h, then the still aging preferred 8h of 6~10h filters, Washing of Filter Cake, drying, roasting are obtained sulfuric acid
The transition metal oxide of modification.
In the precipitation method, transition metal sulfate is the presoma of transition metal oxide, and the presoma of sulfuric acid comes
From the oxysulfide remaining in precipitating, roasting process in sulfate.
The preparation method of catalyst described in another kind provided by the invention is infusion process, specifically includes step: using sulphur
The hydroxide of acid solution or ammonium sulfate impregnated transition metal, drying, roasting obtain the transition gold of sulfuric acid modification after standing
Belong to oxide.Wherein the hydroxide of transition metal can be in the above-mentioned precipitation method before the roasting as made from transition metal sulfate
Hydroxide, be also possible to the precipitating for using the precipitation method to obtain by nitrate or chloride.
Preferably, drying temperature is 110~120 DEG C, preferably 110 DEG C in the above-mentioned precipitation method and infusion process.Maturing temperature is
350~650 DEG C, preferably 450~550 DEG C, more preferable 500 DEG C.
Calcination atmosphere is nitrogen or air, preferably air.
The present invention also aims to application of the open catalyst in chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning.
The application is specially a kind of method of chlorinated organics low-temperature catalytic burning, the burning condition of this method are as follows:
Catalyst is the catalyst, and reaction pressure is the preferred 0.1MPa of 0.1~0.5MPa, and the concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbon is 1
~10000ppm, oxygen concentration be 5~20vol%, reaction temperature be 150~500 DEG C preferably 300 DEG C, air speed be 1000~
100000/ hour.
The chlorinated organics can be monochloro methane, methylene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethanes, vinyl chloride, trichlorine
The chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene are also possible to other chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, dichloro-benzenes.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the catalyst of transition metal oxide of sulfuric acid modification of the invention is not only with higher
Catalytic activity can be catalyzed the combustion oxidation that chlorinated organics include aliphatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine and the aromatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine at a lower temperature, main
Wanting combustion product is carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and chlorine, and the chloro-product of secondary pollution is not formed, and preparation is simple, at
This is low, and the service life is long, is adapted to the processing of complex industrial exhaust gas, the application prospect with industrial waste gas processing.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.It should be understood that following embodiment is merely to illustrate this
Invention is not for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
8.0g ferric sulfate is dissolved in 200mL deionized water, is slowly added dropwise ammonia spirit, adjusts solution ph to 9~10,
It is vigorously stirred 2h, is filtered after being stored at room temperature ageing 8h, then be washed with deionized to filtrate and be in neutrality, filter cake is placed in baking oven
110 DEG C are dried overnight, and obtain orange FeOOH (confirming through XRD).Finally FeOOH is put into Muffle furnace, in air atmosphere
500 DEG C of roasting 4h, obtain Fe2O3- III catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and plasma emission spectroscopy show Fe2O3-III
Containing the S of 0.49wt% in catalyst, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) shows that S species are bidentate bridge-type sulphate form.
Embodiment 2
11.12g green vitriol is dissolved in 200mL deionized water, ammonia spirit is slowly added dropwise, adjusts pH value of solution
Value is vigorously stirred 2h, filters after being stored at room temperature ageing 8h, then be washed with deionized to filtrate and be in neutrality, filter cake is put to 9~10
It sets in baking oven and is dried overnight for 110 DEG C, obtain yellowish orange FeOOH (confirming through XRD).Finally FeOOH is put into Muffle furnace, in sky
The lower 500 DEG C of roastings 4h of gas atmosphere, obtains Fe2O3- II catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and plasma emission spectroscopy show
Fe2O3Containing the S of 1.15wt% in-II catalyst, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) shows that S species are that bidentate boils together sulphate form.
Embodiment 3
1.5mL 0.02g/mL sulfuric acid solution is taken, is impregnated on the dry orange FeOOH powder of 3g in embodiment 1, room temperature is quiet
It sets 6h, places in baking oven and be dried overnight for 110 DEG C, then 500 DEG C of roasting 4h under air atmosphere in Muffle furnace, finally obtain SO4 2-/
Fe2O3Catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and plasma emission spectroscopy show SO4 2-/Fe2O3Containing 1.42wt%'s in catalyst
S, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) show that S species are bidentate bridge-type sulphate form.
Comparative example 1
Using ammonium sulfate, as the commercially available iron oxide of maceration extract dipping, (average grain diameter 30nm, crystal structure are more advised
Whole, surface defect is less), subsequent processing is identical as 3 method of embodiment, obtains SO4 2-/Fe2O3- N catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and
Plasma emission spectroscopy shows SO4 2-/Fe2O3Containing the S of 1.17wt% in-N catalyst, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) is aobvious
Show that S species are monodentate sulphate form.
Comparative example 2
The hydration zirconium oxychloride of 17.17g six is dissolved in 200mL deionized water, ammonia spirit is slowly added dropwise, adjusts pH value of solution
Value is vigorously stirred 2h, filters after being stored at room temperature ageing 8h, then be washed with deionized to filtrate and be in neutrality, filter cake is put to 9~10
It sets in baking oven and is dried overnight for 110 DEG C, obtain white precipitate zirconium hydroxide Zr (OH)4.Finally sediment is put into Muffle furnace,
The lower 500 DEG C of roastings 4h of air atmosphere, obtains ZrO2Catalyst.
Embodiment 4
Using sulfuric acid solution as the zirconium hydroxide Zr (OH) before being roasted in maceration extract dipping comparative example 24, by embodiment 3
Method carries out subsequent processing, obtains SO4 2-/ZrO2Catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and plasma emission spectroscopy show
SO4 2-/ZrO2Containing the S of 1.11wt% in catalyst, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) shows that S species are bidentate bridge-type sulfate shape
Formula.
Comparative example 3
9.60g titanium sulfate is dissolved in 200mL deionized water, is slowly added dropwise ammonia spirit, adjust solution ph to 9~
10, it is vigorously stirred 2h, is filtered after being stored at room temperature ageing 8h, then be washed with deionized to filtrate and be in neutrality, filter cake places baking oven
Interior 110 DEG C are dried overnight, and obtain white titanium hydroxide Ti (OH)4.Finally by Ti (OH)4It is put into Muffle furnace, in air atmosphere
500 DEG C of roasting 4h, obtain TiO2Catalyst.
Embodiment 5
Using sulfuric acid solution as the titanium hydroxide Ti (OH) before being roasted in maceration extract dipping comparative example 34, by embodiment 3
Method carries out subsequent processing, obtains SO4 2-/TiO2Catalyst.Photoelectron spectroscopy and plasma emission spectroscopy show
SO4 2-/TiO2Containing the S of 1.14wt% in catalyst, infrared spectrum (KBr tabletting) shows that S species are bidentate bridge-type sulfate shape
Formula.
Embodiment 6
Carry out the low-temperature catalytic burning test of methylene chloride respectively using the catalyst of Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~3,
All combustion tests normal pressure in fixed-bed micro-reactor (internal diameter 4mm) carries out.The dosage of catalyst is 200mg.Have containing chlorine
Machine object enters vaporizing chamber using micro-injection pump injection, and enters after vaporizing chamber is vaporized, and is then mixed with dry air
Reactor, gas flow are controlled with mass flowmenter, total gas flow rate 100mL/min.Concentration dichloromethane is
750ppm, oxygen concentration 10.5vol%, remaining is nitrogen.The relationship of methylene chloride conversion ratio and reaction temperature is shown in Table 1, table
Middle T10、T50、T90It respectively indicates conversion ratio and reaches required reaction temperature when 10%, 50%, 90%.On 5 catalyst of embodiment
Reaction product be mainly monochloro methane, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide;Reaction on the catalyst of other embodiments and comparative example produces
If owner's hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide and chlorine.As can be seen from Table 1, the Fe of sulfuric acid modification2O3-III、Fe2O3-II、SO4 2-/
Fe2O3And SO4 2-/TiO2Catalyst shows higher catalytic activity, T50At 250 DEG C hereinafter, and for CO/CO2Have compared with
High selectivity does not cause the chloro by-product of secondary pollution to generate.
The catalytic combustion properties of methylene chloride in 1 different catalysts of table
Embodiment 7
According to the method for embodiment 6, testing example 1 and 2 catalyst of embodiment respectively to dichloroethanes, trichloro ethylene,
The relationship of the catalytic combustion activity of chlorobenzene, dichloro-benzenes, benzene, conversion ratio and reaction temperature is as shown in table 2.As shown in Table 2, sulfuric acid is repaired
The Fe of decorations2O3Catalyst has higher activity to different chlorinated hydrocarbons, and especially for dichloroethanes, Examples 1 and 2 are urged
The T of agent90Only 317 and 253 DEG C.Product analysis show the further chloro-product of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon compound 10ppm with
Under;There is no chlorinations for dichloroethanes, trichloro ethylene, show the SO of sulfuric acid modification4 2-/Fe2O3Catalyst is with higher
Activity, selectivity and broad spectrum activity.
2 catalyst Fe of table2O3The catalytic combustion properties of the upper chlorinated organics of-III
Embodiment 8
1500ppm vapor is added in reaction atmosphere, other reaction conditions are same as Example 6, have rated embodiment 1
Methylene chloride catalytic combustion activity, the relationship of reaction-ure conversion-age and reaction temperature are shown in Table in moist reaction gas with 2 catalyst
3.As shown in Table 3, the Fe of sulfuric acid modification2O3Catalyst shows good moisture-proof, T50It is below 300 DEG C.Product analysis table
Bright primary product is carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride, and no chlorine and chlorinated hydrocarbon secondary pollution by-product are formed.
Under 3 aqueous conditions of table in different catalysts methylene chloride catalytic combustion properties
Embodiment 9
Reaction temperature is set to 300 DEG C, other reaction conditions are same as Example 6, have rated 2 catalyst of embodiment two
Stability in chloromethanes catalyst combustion reaction, the results showed that in 12 hours, the conversion ratio of methylene chloride be maintained at 90% with
On, it lasts a long time.Product analysis shows that primary product is carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and chlorine, and the chloro of not secondary pollution produces
Object is formed, and completely burned tail gas is vented after being absorbed using dilute alkaline soln.
To sum up the burn results of embodiment 6~9 show that the transition metal oxide of sulfuric acid modification of the invention not only has
Higher catalytic activity can be catalyzed the burning oxygen that chlorinated organics include aliphatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine and the aromatic hydrocarbon containing chlorine at a lower temperature
Change, primary combustion product is carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and chlorine, and the chloro-product of secondary pollution is not formed, and prepares letter
Single, at low cost, the service life is long, is adapted to the processing of complex industrial exhaust gas, the application prospect with industrial waste gas processing.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of low-temperature catalytic burning chlorinated organics, condition is: used catalyst is the transition gold of sulfuric acid modification
Belong to oxide, sulfuric acid is present in the transition metal oxide surface, the mass fraction of element sulphur in the form of bidentate sulfate
For 0.5wt%~3wt%;
The temperature of burning chlorinated organics is 150 DEG C~500 DEG C, pressure is 0.1MPa~0.5MPa, the concentration of chlorinated organics
For 1ppm~10,000ppm, oxygen concentration is 5vol%~20vol%, air speed 1,000/ hour~100,000/ hour;
Wherein, the transition metal oxide be zirconium oxide, titanium oxide or iron oxide, the chlorinated organics be methylene chloride,
Dichloroethanes, trichloro ethylene, chlorobenzene or dichloro-benzenes;
Used catalyst is made by the preparation method included the following steps:
Transition metal sulfate is dissolved in the water, it is 9~10 that ammonia spirit, which is slowly added dropwise, and adjusts pH value, stirs 1h~3h, quiet
Ageing 6h~10h is set, filtering, filter cake is successively washed, dry and obtains object after roasting.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein the transition metal oxide is zirconium oxide or oxidation
Titanium, the chlorinated organics are methylene chloride.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein drying temperature is 110 DEG C~120 DEG C, and maturing temperature is
350 DEG C~650 DEG C.
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CN107442102A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 杭州更蓝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of catalyst for chlorinated organics catalysis burning and preparation method thereof |
CN107552013A (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2018-01-09 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of preparation and its application of bagasse cellulose matrix chemistry carbon sequestration post |
CN109261144B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2021-08-31 | 烟台百川汇通科技有限公司 | Catalyst for chlorine-containing organic waste gas treatment process |
CN110756160B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-07-26 | 北京泷涛环境科技有限公司 | Modified molecular sieve, preparation method, material and using method |
CN112717955A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method and application of surface sulfur modified iron oxide nanodisk |
CN113117699A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-16 | 福州大学 | Sulfate radical modified iridium-based methane combustion catalyst, and preparation and application thereof |
CN114029057A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-02-11 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method of catalyst for catalytic purification of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds |
CN114768836A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江师范大学 | Catalyst for catalytic oxidation of dichloromethane and preparation method thereof |
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