CN107357998A - A kind of computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value - Google Patents
A kind of computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value, this method is by obtaining the raceway groove longitudinal river slope J, mud-rock flow flow depth H, mud-rock flow channel width B of earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area；The parameter obtained is brought into and determines earthquake region debris flow and landslips αqPad value calculation formula in, the mud-rock flow predicted flow rate pad value of Debris Flow Deposition process can be obtained.This method is applied to the flux depression value prediction during the Debris Flow Deposition of earthquake region, compared with prior art, the present invention is based on tight theory deduction, attenuation of the earthquake region debris flow and landslips in accumulation area can more accurately be obtained, design for the drainage groove prevention and cure project of earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area provides foundation, it can meet prevention of geological disaster needs with simply, efficiently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to debris flow control works to design applied technical field, more particularly to a kind of Debris Flow Deposition area flow
The computational methods of pad value.
Background technology
Due to being come down after macroseism in basin, bulk materials increase severely, and cause state of debris flow disasters to be remarkably reinforced.Violent earthquake acts on
So that the geological environment of earthquake territory is more fragile, the geological disaster such as mud-rock flow is more frequent, and damaging range is bigger.And mud-rock flow heap
Product area is mountain area human lives, the important place of production, and the main region that Debris flow inundation causes disaster.After mudstone outlet slot
The maximum magnitude that may be accumulated directly determines the risk range of debris fans.Because the raceway groove of debris flow gully accumulation area is indulged
Smaller than dropping, channel width is big so that mud-rock flow deposits in accumulation zone position.And debris flow gully accumulation area is also debris flow drainage
The main distributing position of guide groove prevention and cure project.Under the effect of accumulation area drainage groove prevention and cure project, the flow depth and flow velocity of mud-rock flow are reduced,
And then reducing debris flow and landslips, i.e., debris flow drainage groove not only reduces the impulsive force of debris flow body, and causes mud-rock flow
Flow velocity, unit weight and flow etc. decay.Therefore, meizoseismal area mud-rock flow is mud-rock flow in decay characteristics such as the flows of accumulation area
The emphasis parameter of drainage groove design.
The traffic characteristic of mud-rock flow is mainly related to its flow velocity, mud-rock flow sectional area, the flow rate attenuation condition of mud-rock flow with
The flow depth of mud-rock flow, raceway groove longitudinal river slope are related to raceway groove roughness coefficien.For example, the small hilllock sword debris flow gully calamity of big raceway groove longitudinal river slope
In " 9.8 " of 2009, " 9.5 " of 2011 and " 1.21 " of 2016 geology Disaster Event occurs for evil o'clock, serious stifled
Disconnected highway, repeatedly blocks remote river.
The flow of mud-rock flow reflects the kinetic energy condition of mud-rock flow fluid, and debris flow drainage groove main function is energy dissipating and let out
Flood, so as to reduce the flow of mud-rock flow, and then reduce degree of danger of the mud-rock flow to accumulation area；Existing Debris Flow Deposition area disappears
Mainly it can be obtained by laboratory experiment, its emphasis point is to study mud-rock flow kinetic energy change feature, and its attenuation model is complicated, is related to
Parameter is numerous, cause based on the flux depression model of the mudstone energy of flow Debris Flow Deposition area drainage groove design use by
Limitation, it is impossible to efficiently, be easily generalized to designing unit and production unit.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value
Computational methods, solve the raceway groove longitudinal river slope and channel width and the relation of debris flow and landslips of meizoseismal area debris flow gully accumulation area, structure
The debris flow and landslips forecast model based on mud-rock flow raceway groove cross section parameter is built, and carries out example utilization, is debris flow drainage groove
The design discharge of engineering provides new method, suitable for the needs of debris flow Practical Project.
The technical scheme implementation of the technology of the present invention：A kind of computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value, its
It is characterised by：Earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area feature is applied to the volume forecasting of earthquake region mud-rock flow, passes through accumulation area orographic condition
Caused mud-rock flow channel width, flow depth change are worth to the flux depression value during Debris Flow Deposition, and it is specific to calculate
Method is as follows：
A. by obtaining the parameter of earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area upstream and downstream raceway groove, the position of debris flow gully accumulation area 1 is determined
With the raceway groove longitudinal river slope J of 2 positions1And J2(‰), wherein the position of accumulation area 1 is identical with the longitudinal river slope of 2 positions, i.e. J1=J2, accumulation
The position of area 1 and the channel width B of 2 positions1And B2(m), the design flow depth H of the position of accumulation area 1 and 2 positions1And H2(m)；
B. the flow α of earthquake region mud-rock flow is determined by below equationqPad value, unit m3/s。
In formula：q1For the flow (m of the opening position of accumulation area 13/ s), q2For the flow (m of the opening position of accumulation area 23/ s), J1For heap
The raceway groove longitudinal river slope (‰) of the product position of area 1, J2For the raceway groove longitudinal river slope (‰) of the position of accumulation area 2, B1For 1, Debris Flow Deposition area
Put the channel width (m) of place's raceway groove, B2For the channel width (m) of the opening position of Debris Flow Deposition area 2, H1For the stream of the position of accumulation area 1
Deep (m), H2For the flow depth (m) of the position of accumulation area 2, n1For the roughness coefficien of the opening position of accumulation area 1, n2For the opening position of accumulation area 2
The roughness coefficien n of roughness coefficien, wherein Debris Flow Deposition area1=n2；Determined by step A.
The computational methods of flux depression value in Debris Flow Deposition area of the present invention, the earthquake region determined in its described step B
Debris flow and landslips αqPad value formula be applied to earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area debris flow and landslips pad value predict, will decay
The minimum debris flow and landslips value that debris flow and landslips value afterwards designs as earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area drainage groove.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention breaks through the limitation of Conventional wisdom, from debris flow gully
The many-sides such as the raceway groove longitudinal river slope of accumulation area, mud-rock flow channel width are started with, and construct the mudstone based on mud-rock flow raceway groove parameter
Flow changes in flow rate computation model.First, in terms of mud-rock flow raceway groove flow depth, the flow depth quantitative response in Debris Flow Deposition area is utilized
Earthquake region mud-rock flow is in accumulation area changes in flow rate feature；Secondly, the channel width change based on Wenchuan earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area is special
Sign, using the channel width in Debris Flow Deposition area reflect Wenchuan earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area debris flow and landslips and raceway groove it is cross-section
Correlation between face.Computational theory of the present invention is perfect, and result of calculation meets mud-rock flow field investigation, can be earthquake region mud-rock flow
The drainage groove prevention and cure project design parameter of ditch accumulation area provides technical support, effectively prevent because debris flow and landslips design load is low
Caused debris flow drainage groove prevention and cure project fails satisfaction and is actually needed, and in turn results in asking for debris flow control works failure
Topic.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
Technology is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and do not have to
Invented in limiting.
A kind of computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value, its main thought are：Earthquake region debris flow gully is accumulated
Area's feature is applied to the volume forecasting of earthquake region mud-rock flow, passes through the mud-rock flow raceway groove caused by debris flow gully accumulation area orographic condition
Change is worth to the flux depression value during Debris Flow Deposition.It is preferred that mud-rock flow stream is obtained according to debris flow and landslips decay definition
Amount decay value calculating method；Pass through the investigation of earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area and the measurement of mud-rock flow raceway groove characteristic parameter etc. again
Means determine mud-rock flow flow depth, fall of channel, raceway groove longitudinal river slope, raceway groove roughness coefficien；Bring parameters obtained into earthquake region mud-rock flow
In flux depression value computation model, debris flow and landslips decay predicted value is obtained.
Specific calculating process is as follows：
First, according to the discharge relation of Debris Flow Deposition area upstream and downstream, analysis is because the change of accumulation area channel width causes
Debris flow and landslips decay characteristics.Assuming that the flow of the opening position of accumulation area upstream 1 is q1, the flow at accumulation area downstream 2 is q2,
Flux depression formula between Debris Flow Deposition area 1 to 2 is expressed as：
In formula, αqDeclined coefficient along its speed flowed to for mud-rock flow, q1For in the flow (m of 1 position3/ s), q2For at 2
Put the flow (m at place3/s)。
Then, it is expressed as according to the flow rate calculation formula of mud-rock flow fluid, mud-rock flow in the flow q formula of accumulation area：
Q=vA ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (2)
In formula, A is mudstone cross-sectional area (m at an arbitrary position2), v is the flow velocity (m/s) of accumulation area any position.
Then, it is expressed as according to debris flow velocity calculation formula, flow velocity v formula of the mud-rock flow in accumulation area optional position：
In formula, n is the raceway groove roughness coefficien of Debris Flow Deposition area optional position, and mudstone is obtained by debris flow specification
Stream makes rate coefficient, and H is the mud-rock flow flow depth (m/s) of Debris Flow Deposition area optional position, and J is Debris Flow Deposition area optional position
Raceway groove longitudinal river slope ‰；
According to the relation of debris flow velocity and mud-rock flow flow depth, the raceway groove roughness coefficien value in Debris Flow Deposition area is fixation
Value, the flux depression value formula for obtaining Debris Flow Deposition area are expressed as：
In formula, H1For the flow depth (m) of the opening position of Debris Flow Deposition area 1, H2For the flow depth of the opening position of Debris Flow Deposition area 2
(m), B1For the channel width (m) of the position of Debris Flow Deposition area 1, B2For the channel width (m) of the position of Debris Flow Deposition area 2, n1For
The roughness coefficien of the opening position of accumulation area 1, n2For the roughness system of the roughness coefficien of the opening position of accumulation area 2, wherein Debris Flow Deposition area
Number n1=n2。
Wherein, the earthquake region debris flow and landslips α that the formula (4) determinesqPad value formula be applied to earthquake region debris flow gully
The debris flow and landslips pad value prediction of accumulation area, using the debris flow and landslips value after decay as earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area drainage groove
The minimum debris flow and landslips value of design, so as to effectively prevent because the debris flow drainage caused by debris flow and landslips design load is low is led
Groove prevention and cure project fails satisfaction and is actually needed, and in turn results in the problem of debris flow control works fail.
It is below the specific embodiment of the present invention：
Embodiment one：
Shimian County Hui Long townshiies Shi Long villages stone dragon group bear family's Watershed form is in sector, drainage area 5.5km2.In basin most
High point absolute elevation 2990m, exit or entrance of a clitch absolute elevation 1185m, relative relief about 1805m, overall physical features are that northeast is high, and southwest is low.
Cheuch is deep, and hypsography is larger.Bear man ditch cheuch length 4.05km, cheuch average gradient drop 376 ‰.4 days 17 July in 2013
During when 5 days 7, heavy rain is fallen over a large area in Shimian County within the border, and violent bottom tearing scouring is caused to bear man ditch upstream, is formed large-scale
Mud-stone flow disaster." 7.04 " bear man gully mud-rock flow once goes out solids quality about 5.5 × 104m3, wherein 4.3 × 104m3Solid
Material alluvial bamboo stick used as a toy horse river course, causes bamboo stick used as a toy horse river course to block, and about 1.2 × 104m3Materials of debris flow is crossed bamboo stick used as a toy horse river and impacted to Ji Xin electricity
Power company lodging building, cause the damage of lodging building.
For effectively preventing and mud-rock flow is administered, prevents bamboo stick used as a toy horse river is blocked from threatening downstream security, according to bear man ditch mud
The features such as rock glacier accumulation area are effectively predicted that circular and step are as follows：
A. according to the field investigation of bear man gully mud-rock flow accumulation area and mud-rock flow raceway groove parameter testing, it is determined that bear man ditch ditch
The average mud depth 11m of mouth, mud-rock flow raceway groove longitudinal river slope 140.5 ‰, roughness coefficien 12, channel width 18.2m；Debris fans
The average mud depth 7.1m in middle part, debris flow gully raceway groove longitudinal river slope 140.5 ‰, roughness coefficien 12, channel width 25m.
B. each parameter step A determined substitutes into lower formula,
C. calculated by formula and obtain the debris flow and landslips decay in accumulation area deposition process of bear man ditch " 7.04 " mud-rock flow
It is worth for 33.8%.
Embodiment two：
Mill ditch is located at Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province Yang Dian villages, belongs to Virgin Forest left bank tributary, and mill Watershed landform is overall
Upper to belong to the deep low mountain of structural erosion and middle mountain region shape, generally landform is steep in basin, landform condition development high up in the air, depth of cut
The characteristics of larger, in profoundly cutting " V " type paddy.Mill Watershed area is 7.4km2, basin longitudinal length is 4.8km, in basin
Water system is distributed in dendroid, and peak is located at basin east northeast side ridge position, elevation 3208m, and minimum point is located at the mill ditch exit or entrance of a clitch,
Elevation 1173m, relative relief 2035m, the average longitudinal river slope 434 ‰ in tap drain road.
For effectively preventing and mud-rock flow is administered, prevents Ming River is blocked from threatening downstream security, according to mud-rock flow raceway groove
And the feature such as drainage groove design is effectively predicted that circular and step are as follows：
A. according to the field investigation of mill gully mud-rock flow accumulation area and mud-rock flow raceway groove parameter testing, it is determined that bear man ditch ditch
Average mud depth 5.7m, mud-rock flow raceway groove longitudinal river slope 194 ‰, roughness coefficien 13, the channel width 18.6m of mouth；Debris fans
The average mud depth 4.3m in middle part, mud-rock flow raceway groove longitudinal river slope 194 ‰, roughness coefficien 13, channel width 26.7m.
B. each parameter step A determined substitutes into lower formula,
C. calculating acquisition mill gully mud-rock flow debris flow and landslips pad value in accumulation area deposition process by formula is
10.3%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. computational methods of Debris Flow Deposition area flux depression value, it is characterised in that：By earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area feature Applied to the volume forecasting of earthquake region mud-rock flow, mud-rock flow heap is worth to by the mud-rock flow channel width of accumulation area, flow depth change Flux depression value during product, its circular are as follows：A. by obtaining the parameter of earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area upstream and downstream raceway groove, the position of debris flow gully accumulation area 1 and 2 are determined The raceway groove longitudinal river slope J put1And J2(‰), wherein the position of accumulation area 1 is identical with the longitudinal river slope of 2 positions, i.e. J1=J2, accumulation area 1 Put the channel width B with 2 positions1And B2(m), the design flow depth H of the position of accumulation area 1 and 2 positions1And H2(m)；B. the flow α of earthquake region mud-rock flow is determined by below equationqPad value, unit m3/s；<mrow> <msub> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>J</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>J</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>5</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mn>5</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>In formula：q1For the flow (m of the opening position of accumulation area 13/ s), q2For the flow (m of the opening position of accumulation area 23/ s), J1For accumulation area The raceway groove longitudinal river slope (‰) of 1 position, J2For the raceway groove longitudinal river slope (‰) of the position of accumulation area 2, B1For the opening position of Debris Flow Deposition area 1 The channel width (m) of raceway groove, B2For the channel width (m) of the opening position of Debris Flow Deposition area 2, H1For the flow depth of the position of accumulation area 1 (m), H2For the flow depth (m) of the position of accumulation area 2, n1For the roughness coefficien of the opening position of accumulation area 1, n2For the rough of the opening position of accumulation area 2 The roughness coefficien n of rate coefficient, wherein Debris Flow Deposition area1=n2；Determined by step A.
- 2. the computational methods of flux depression value in Debris Flow Deposition area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step The earthquake region debris flow and landslips α determined in BqPad value formula be applied to earthquake region debris flow gully accumulation area debris flow and landslips decay Value prediction, the minimum debris flow and landslips that the debris flow and landslips value after decay is designed as earthquake region Debris Flow Deposition area drainage groove Value.
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| CN112735098A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Post-earthquake ice lake burst early warning method and device and storage medium |
| CN112735098B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Post-earthquake ice lake burst early warning method and device and storage medium |
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