CN107356514A - A kind of method for the coefficient of viscosity for determining Cyanophyta microcystis - Google Patents
A kind of method for the coefficient of viscosity for determining Cyanophyta microcystis Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356514A CN107356514A CN201710495165.4A CN201710495165A CN107356514A CN 107356514 A CN107356514 A CN 107356514A CN 201710495165 A CN201710495165 A CN 201710495165A CN 107356514 A CN107356514 A CN 107356514A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000192701 Microcystis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241001012508 Carpiodes cyprinus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005422 algal bloom Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/12—Coulter-counters
-
- G01N15/131—
-
- G01N15/01—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N2015/1006—Investigating individual particles for cytology
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for determining the Cyanophyta microcystis coefficient of viscosity, comprise the following steps：(1) water sample containing Cyanophyta Microcystis aeruginosa is collected, obtains the unicellular and initial total concentration C of cell colony0Divide rate φ with original bulk volume；(2) water sample is put into the interval of internal and external tube of the rotary Couette device of outer barrel, adjusts outer barrel rotating speed so that caused laminar shear rate G is 5s‑1~50s‑1Between any one definite value；The relation of the G and rotating speed isWherein N is outer barrel rotating speed, and R is inner cylinder radius, R2For outer barrel radius；Rotational time scope is 20min~60min；(3) after rotation stops, the unicellular and total concentration C of cell colony is obtainedt；(4) coefficient of viscosity α on Cyanophyta microcystis surface is calculated, it is describedWherein t is rotational time.This method is simple to operate, and equipment cost is low, the frustule coefficient of viscosity drawn by the assay method, can form outburst for further investigation blue-green alga bloom and provide technological means.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cyanophyta micro-capsule algal bloom field, is determined in particular to one kind using Couette device
The method of the coefficient of viscosity of microcystis.
Background technology
China's various water bodies algal bloom problem is serious at present, especially Cyanophyta microcystis waterbloom.China is multiple large-scale
The serious Cyanophyta microcystis kutz wawter bloom occurred in lake (such as Taihu Lake, Chaohu, Dian Chi) causes to water environment and Drinking Water Problem
Very serious adverse effect.For harm caused by microcystis waterbloom, research blue-green alga bloom Forming Mechanism is for controlling blue-green algae
Wawter bloom produces, and it is significant to reduce its harm.The mechanism that Microcystis aeruginosa colony is formed at present is also not very clear, to indoor training
Foster Cells of Blue-green Algae is difficult that mechanism in groups is also indefinite, therefore for this problem, it is necessary to which one kind can directly determine frustule
The viscosity on surface, be advantageous to further investigate blue-green algae colony Forming Mechanism.On the coefficient of viscosity of liquid, research and patent are non-at present
Chang Duo, such as using falling ball method, capillary tube method, laser diffractometry measure coefficient of viscosity, and on determining cell granulations thing
Viscosity method it is seldom, mainly cell morphology is imaged using AFM (AFM), recycles probe and list
Between individual cell mutual power effect, with this come judge cell surface viscosity (measurement and research of cell surface viscous force, it is old
It is red, acoustic technique, 2013.), and atomic force microscopy mirror device costliness is, it is necessary to operation skill.
The content of the invention：
To solve the above problems, the present invention devises a kind of method that can directly determine the frustule coefficient of viscosity, by this
Method can be directly acquainted with the sticky size of Cyanophyta microcystis, and one kind is provided for further investigation blue-green algae colony Forming Mechanism
Technological means.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method for the coefficient of viscosity for determining Cyanophyta microcystis, bag
Include following steps：
(1) water sample containing Cyanophyta Microcystis aeruginosa is collected, obtains the unicellular and initial total concentration C of cell colony0With it is first
Begin overall integration rate φ；
(2) step (1) described water sample is put into the gap of inner/outer tube of the rotary Couette device of outer barrel, adjusts outer barrel
Rotating speed so that caused laminar shear rate G is 5s-1~50s-1Between any one definite value；The relation of the G and rotating speed
ForWherein N is outer barrel rotating speed, and R is inner cylinder radius, R2For outer barrel radius；Rotational time is 20min~60min；
(3) after rotation stops, the unicellular and total concentration C of cell colony is obtainedt；
(4) coefficient of viscosity α on Cyanophyta microcystis surface is calculated, it is describedWherein G is step (2)
Described shearing rate, φ are that original bulk volume divides rate, and t is rotational time.
Total initial concentration C described in step (1)0Rate φ acquisition methods are divided to be using light microscope with original bulk volume
Calculate.
The acquisition methods of original bulk volume point rate φ described in step (1) are：Obtain first unicellular and cell colony
Total initial concentration C0With average diameter d, then according to formulaObtain original bulk volume point rate φ.
Rotational time described in step (2) is preferably 30min.
The shearing rate G of step (2) is preferably 30s-1。
C described in step (3)tAcquisition methods to be calculated using light microscope.
The Couette device of the present invention measure frustule coefficient of viscosity, including：Outer barrel, inner cylinder, synchronous pulley and with it is synchronous
The driving wheel and driven pulley of belt wheel connection, turntable, stepper motor, step-by-step controller and base；
Inner cylinder and outer barrel be all one end closing cylinder, the opening of inner cylinder and outer barrel is upward, and inner cylinder is suspended in outer barrel
Internal and coaxial with outer barrel, the section radius of inner cylinder are less than outer barrel section radius；
Projection is provided with the outside of the inner cylinder opening, the projection is fixedly connected on support top end, the support column
It is fixedly connected on base；
The step-by-step controller connects stepper motor, and the stepper motor connects the driving wheel；The driven pulley connection
Horizontally disposed turntable；The turntable is fixedly connected with the outer barrel bottom；The turntable and the outer barrel are coaxial.
Further, the section radius of inner cylinder and outer barrel difference is preferably 10mm.
In use, by stepper motor and synchronous pulley, driving outer cylinder rotates, to produce stable Couette laminar flow,
And the rotational frequency of outer cylinder is controlled by step-by-step controller.It is put between inside and outside cylinder and to be determined contains frustule solution.
Method of the present invention is low using simple, cost and Couette device easy to operate produces stable layer
Stream, adhesion theory is collided according to particulate matter, frustule is constantly collided and is assembled in stably stratified flow liquid field, by observing algae
The change in concentration of cell granulations, the coefficient of viscosity of frustule particulate matter is calculated, so as to further reach research blue-green algae colony
The purpose of Forming Mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The coefficient of viscosity of frustule can be calculated by Couette device tester, is had
Cost is cheap, easy to operate, it is easy to learn the advantages of.There is provided a kind of feasibility by force simple for research blue-green algae colony Forming Mechanism
Technological means.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the measure frustule coefficient of viscosity.
Wherein, 1,5 it is dish-shaped spiral shell, 2,13 is support column, 3 is inner cylinder, and 4 outer barrels, 6 be turntable, and 7 be synchronous pulley, and 8 are
Driven pulley, 9 be support important actor, and 10 be driving wheel, and 11 be stepper motor, and 12 be step-by-step controller.
Fig. 2 is the coefficient of viscosity measured by embodiment 1.
Embodiment：
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Couette device as shown in figure 1, including：Outer barrel (4), inner cylinder (3) and are connected synchronous pulley (7) with synchronous pulley
Driving wheel (10) and driven pulley (8), turntable (6), stepper motor (11), step-by-step controller (12) and base；
Inner cylinder (3) and outer barrel (4) be all one end closing cylinder, the opening of inner cylinder and outer barrel is upward, inner cylinder suspension
In outer barrel and coaxial with outer barrel, the section radius of inner cylinder are less than outer barrel section radius, and section radius difference is 10mm；
Projection is provided with the outside of the inner cylinder opening, the butterfly spiral shell (1) that projects through is fixedly connected on support column (2)
With support column (13) top, the support column is fixedly connected on base；
Step-by-step controller (12) the connection stepper motor (11), the stepper motor connect the driving wheel (10)；
The driven pulley (8) connects horizontally disposed turntable (6)；The turntable (6) is led to the outer barrel (4) bottom
Butterfly spiral shell (5) is crossed to be fixedly connected；The turntable and the outer barrel are coaxial.
Embodiment 1
The coefficient of viscosity measure of different Microcystis aeruginosa kinds
(1) by purebred Hui Shi Microcystis aeruginosas (FACHB-908), wawter bloom Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-1028), microcystic aeruginosa
(FACHB-912) culture 35 days is carried out in illumination box using BG11 nutrient solutions.Intensity of illumination is 39 μm of olm-2·s-1, Light To Dark Ratio 12h:12h, temperature are 25 DEG C of constant temperature.Obtain the water sample containing above-mentioned Microcystis aeruginosa.Every 4 to 5 days, in disinfecting action
It is sampled before platform, is counted using light microscope, calculate the size of frustule, obtains cell and the initial concentration of colony
C0With diameter d.Cell and the volume fraction φ of colony are calculated afterwards.Pass through formulaCalculate cell and colony
Volume fraction.
(2) above-mentioned water sample is respectively put into corresponding Couette device interval of internal and external tube, adjusted by step-by-step controller
Outer barrel rotating speed so that caused laminar shear rate G is 30s-1, the G passes through formulaIt is determined that wherein N is
Outer barrel rotating speed, R are inner cylinder radius, R2For outer barrel radius；Carry out rotation 30min.
(3) after plant running 30min, the measure that light microscope means carry out cell and colony's number is reused, its
In per Single Cyanobacterial colony be calculated as 1, obtain the total concentration C of the algae particulate matter (including cell and colony) after operation half an hourt。
(4) coefficient of viscosity α of above-mentioned microcystis is calculated.It is describedWherein G is described in step (2)
Shearing rate, φ are that original bulk volume divides rate, and t is rotational time.The present embodiment is by being calculated the cells of different Microcystis aeruginosa kinds
The coefficient of viscosity, as a result as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2
The coefficient of viscosity measure of the microcystic aeruginosa of different N concentration processing
(1) purebred microcystic aeruginosa (FACHB-1214) is cultivated using BG11 nutrient solutions.BG-11 culture mediums are with nitre
Sour sodium (NaNO3) nitrogen source is used as, the initial nitrogen concentration in being tested with control.3 treatment groups of this Setup Experiments, wherein 1 processing
Group is control group (BG11 nutrient solutions, wherein nitrogen concentration are 247mg/L).Other 2 treatment groups are respectively that (BG11 is cultivated nitrogen-free group
Liquid, wherein nitrogen concentration are 0mg/L), low nitrogen group (BG11 nutrient solutions, wherein nitrogen concentration are 2.47mg/L).Culture is taken out after 11 days
Nutrient solution containing microcystic aeruginosa.Counted using light microscope, calculate the size of frustule, obtain control group algae
Grain thing concentration is 1.13 × 105Individual/mL, diameter are：15.28 μm, nitrogen-free group algae particle concentration is 1.88 × 105Individual/
ML, diameter are：19.35 μm, low nitrogen group algae particle concentration is 1.17 × 105Individual/mL, diameter are：16.25μm.
According to above-mentioned diameter and concentration, pass through formulaCalculate the initial total concentration C of each group0With volume fraction φ.
(2) nutrient solution containing Cells of Blue-green Algae is respectively put into corresponding Couette device interval of internal and external tube, passes through step
Enter controller adjustment outer barrel rotating speed so that caused laminar shear rate G is 30s-1, the G passes through formula
It is determined that wherein N is outer barrel rotating speed, R is inner cylinder radius, R2For outer barrel radius；Carry out rotation 30min.
(3) after plant running 30min, the measure that light microscope means carry out cell and colony's number is reused, its
Middle Single Cyanobacterial colony is calculated as 1.Wherein control group algae particle concentration is 1.21 × 105Individual/mL, nitrogen-free group algae particulate matter are dense
Spend for 1.67 × 105Individual/mL, low nitrogen group algae particle concentration are 8.37 × 104Individual/mL.
(4) coefficient of viscosity α of above-mentioned Cells of Blue-green Algae is calculated.It is describedWherein G is cutting described in step (2)
Rate is cut, φ is that original bulk volume divides rate, and t is rotational time, the concentration C of cell and colony after rotary drum half an hourt。
This example is by being calculated the Microcystis aeruginosa Strains coefficients of viscosity of different nitrogen nutrition salt treatment, as a result such as table 1
It is shown.
Table 1
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment 3 differs only in embodiment 1, and the shearing rate that laminar flow is controlled in step (2) is 5s-1, during rotation
Between be 20min.Remaining step is identical.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment 4 differs only in embodiment 1, and the shearing rate that laminar flow is controlled in step (2) is 10s-1, during rotation
Between be 60min.Remaining step is identical.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment 5 differs only in embodiment 1, and the shearing rate that laminar flow is controlled in step (2) is 40s-1, during rotation
Between be 50min.Remaining step is identical.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment 6 differs only in embodiment 1, and the shearing rate that laminar flow is controlled in step (2) is 50s-1, during rotation
Between be 30min.Remaining step is identical.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of departing from the principle and objective of the present invention a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The scope of invention is limited by claim and its equivalent.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. method for the coefficient of viscosity for determining Cyanophyta microcystis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) water sample containing Cyanophyta Microcystis aeruginosa is collected, obtains the unicellular and initial total concentration C of cell colony0With initial totality Integration rate φ；(2) step (1) described water sample is put into the gap of inner/outer tube of the rotary Couette device of outer barrel, adjustment outer barrel turns Speed so that caused laminar shear rate G is 5s-1~50s-1Between any one definite value；The relation of the G and rotating speed isWherein N is outer barrel rotating speed, and R is inner cylinder radius, R2For outer barrel radius；Rotational time is 20min~60min；(3) after rotation stops, the unicellular and total concentration C of cell colony is obtainedt；(4) coefficient of viscosity α on Cyanophyta microcystis surface is calculated, it is describedWherein G is that step (2) is described Shearing rate, φ be original bulk volume divide rate, t is rotational time.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the initial total concentration C described in step (1)0And original bulk volume Point rate φ acquisition methods is calculate using light microscope.
- 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the original bulk volume described in step (1) divides rate φ acquisition Method is：Unicellular and cell colony total initial concentration C is obtained first0With average diameter d, then according to formulaObtain original bulk volume point rate φ.
- 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the rotational time described in step (2) is preferably 30min.
- 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the shearing rate G of step (2) is preferably 30s-1。
- 6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the C described in step (3)tAcquisition methods to be shown using optics Micro mirror calculates.
- A kind of 7. Couette device for any methods describeds of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that including：Outer barrel, inner cylinder, Synchronous pulley and the driving wheel and driven pulley being connected with synchronous pulley, turntable, stepper motor, step-by-step controller and base；Inner cylinder and outer barrel be all one end closing cylinder, the opening of inner cylinder and outer barrel is upward, and inner cylinder is suspended in outer barrel And it is coaxial with outer barrel, the section radius of inner cylinder are less than outer barrel section radius；Projection is provided with the outside of the inner cylinder opening, the projection is fixedly connected on support top end, and the support column is fixed It is connected on base；The step-by-step controller connects stepper motor, and the stepper motor connects the driving wheel；The driven pulley connection is horizontal The turntable of setting；The turntable is fixedly connected with the outer barrel bottom；The turntable and the outer barrel are coaxial.
- 8. Couette device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the section radius difference of inner cylinder and outer barrel is preferably 10mm。
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| CN201710495165.4A CN107356514B (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | Method for measuring viscosity coefficient of microcystis cells of cyanophyta |
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| CN201710495165.4A CN107356514B (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | Method for measuring viscosity coefficient of microcystis cells of cyanophyta |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109030343A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of bulk solid material frictional behavior test fixture and sample packing method |
| CN108627431B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-01-29 | 东北大学 | Particle annular couette shear flow experiment device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109030343A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of bulk solid material frictional behavior test fixture and sample packing method |
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| CN107356514B (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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