CN107349318B - Blood fat reducing pericarpium trichosanthis compound and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Blood fat reducing pericarpium trichosanthis compound and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107349318B
CN107349318B CN201710604800.8A CN201710604800A CN107349318B CN 107349318 B CN107349318 B CN 107349318B CN 201710604800 A CN201710604800 A CN 201710604800A CN 107349318 B CN107349318 B CN 107349318B
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allium macrostemon
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王伯初
杨丽
季庆治
侯宗坤
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Yancheng Teachers University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a blood fat reducing trichosanthes bark compound, which comprises trichosanthes bark extract and allium macrostemon extract as effective components, wherein the proportion of the trichosanthes bark extract to the allium macrostemon extract is 1:7.83-1: 3.58. The combination of the snakegourd peel extract, the allium macrostemon extract and the snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon extract can improve the blood fat metabolism of hyperlipidemic mice, and the snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon extract groups with different proportions have better effect of regulating blood fat than the snakegourd peel extract or the allium macrostemon extract which is used alone. The synergistic effect of the active ingredients in the trichosanthes bark and the allium macrostemon is demonstrated, the blood fat can be better regulated, and meanwhile, the compound has remarkable antioxidant activity and has a repairing function on the liver and the initiative.

Description

Blood fat reducing pericarpium trichosanthis compound and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, and particularly relates to a blood fat reducing compound with a snakegourd peel extract and an allium macrostemon extract as main components.
Background
In modern society, with the change of life style, environment and other factors, the disease spectrum of human beings is greatly changed from the past, cardiovascular diseases become one of the main chronic diseases which harm human health, hyperlipidemia aggravates metabolic disturbance and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and hyperlipidemia and complications thereof are considered as one of important social problems. Hyperlipidemia is a lifelong condition of dyslipidemia. Blood lipids can be stabilized between normal values by drug treatment, but are not cured. If the drug treatment is stopped, the blood fat concentration will be increased again. Western medicines have obvious lipid regulating effect, but clinical observation shows that the traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of easy rebound after use and difficult maintenance of curative effect, and has side effects of causing liver function damage and the like, so people are afraid of psychology. Therefore, there is a need to develop a functional food for reducing blood lipid with high efficiency and safety.
The pericarpium trichosanthis is the pericarp of bilateral Trichosanthes kirilowii (Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms) or the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim of the Cucurbitaceae family, and contains amino acids, flavonoids, triterpenes (Liu jin na, Wen Chun Xiu, Liu Ming, and the like), the research on the chemical components and the pharmacological activity of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim progresses [ J ]. the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, 2013,36(5): 843-8), and the extract or the injection thereof has the functions of dilating arterioles, resisting platelet aggregation, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and relieving chest distress (from Chen Xin Xiu, jin has Yu, Tangguang, newly-compiled pharmacology [ M ].17 edition, Beijing: the human health publisher, 2011.) and has certain treatment effect on cardiovascular diseases. The active components of the allium macrostemon for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis mainly comprise saponin and adenosine compounds (from the generation of Yao, Chenhaifeng, Wanglili. research on active substances of the traditional Chinese medicine allium macrostemon for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis [ C ]: the third world, the Chinese-Western medicine combination society, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 2007). The trichosanthes bark-allium macrostemon composition has important significance for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, and has safety and no toxic and side effects (from Zhouyi, 37154;, Asterina pectinifera, Weimeiling, and the like, long-term toxicity test of trichosanthes longum dropping pills [ J ]. Chinese Hospital pharmaceutical journal, 2015,35(13):1172-1179.)
The snakegourd peel extract and the allium macrostemon extract are compounded, so that the blood fat level is more remarkably reduced through multiple target spots, and the compound has remarkable antioxidant activity.
The pericarpium Trichosanthis and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi wine decoction is prepared by referring to the "Gua Lou Xiebai wine decoction" from Zhang Zhongjing jin Kui Yao L ü e, and combining the regulation mechanism and compatibility principle of natural medicines for reducing blood lipid. The two natural medicines (extracts) are combined according to a certain proportion to develop the compound preparation of snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon for reducing blood fat, and the active ingredients in the extracts achieve the optimal blood fat reducing effect through multiple targets.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medicine or food, and the medicine or food contains the blood fat reducing composition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a blood fat reducing pericarpium trichosanthis compound comprises pericarpium trichosanthis extract and allium macrostemon extract as effective components.
The ratio of the raw materials of the snakegourd peel and the allium macrostemon is 1:7.83-1: 3.58.
The ratio of the quercetin in the snakegourd peel extract to the adenosine in the allium macrostemon extract is 1:8-1: 4. Wherein the content of total flavone in the pericarpium Trichosanthis extract is 5-6mg/g, the content of total polyphenol is 7-8mg/g, the content of total saponin is 7-8mg/g, the content of quercetin is 0.1-0.2mg/g, the content of adenosine is 0.07-0.08mg/g, and the content of total amino acid is 62-63 mg/g; the Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract contains total flavone 2-3mg/g, total polyphenol 3-4mg/g, total saponin 19-20mg/g, adenosine 0.1-0.2mg/g, and total amino acids 26-27 mg/g.
A preparation method of a blood fat reducing pericarpium trichosanthis compound comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing dry powder of snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon respectively and placing the dry powder into different reflux bottles;
step two, respectively adding 60% ethanol with 10 times volume of the mixture, refluxing, filtering and collecting filtrate;
step three, adding 60% ethanol with the volume 10 times that of the residue obtained in the step two, refluxing, filtering, and collecting and combining filtrate;
step four, removing ethanol and water from the product obtained in the step three by using a rotary evaporator, adding a certain volume of pure water, and uniformly mixing to prepare the crude drug with the concentration of 2.1 g/mL.
The reflux time in the second step and the third step is 2 hours.
The blood fat reducing trichosanthes bark compound has antioxidant activity and double-layer blood fat reducing effect.
The antioxidant activity of the blood fat reducing trichosanthes bark compound has the following effects: obviously increase the SOD and GSH-PX activity of serum and liver tissues and reduce the MDA content of the serum and the liver tissues.
The blood fat reducing trichosanthes bark compound has the blood fat reducing effect as follows: obviously reduce the TC, TG and LDL-C levels of serum.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the combination of the snakegourd peel extract, the allium macrostemon extract and the snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon extract can improve the blood fat metabolism of hyperlipidemic mice, and the snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon extract groups with different proportions have better effect of regulating blood fat than the snakegourd peel extract or the allium macrostemon extract which is used alone. The synergistic effect of the active ingredients in the trichosanthes bark and the allium macrostemon is demonstrated, the blood fat can be better regulated, and meanwhile, the compound has remarkable antioxidant activity and has a repairing function on the liver and the initiative.
Detailed Description
Example 1 preparation of a combination
Mixing pericarpium Trichosanthis extract and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract at different mass ratios listed in Table 1, adding a certain volume of pure water, mixing, and making into compound preparation with concentration of 2.1g/mL (crude drug volume).
TABLE 1 Compound composition
Raw material ratio of trichosanthes bark to allium macrostemon
Trichosanthes peel extract&Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract 4 groups 1:7.83
Trichosanthes peel extract&Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract 5 groups 1:3.58
Example 2 antioxidant and hypolipidemic Activity experiments
Laboratory animal
C57BL/6 mice, male, weighing about 20g, 3-5w weeks old, clean grade, were housed in the SPF grade animal house at the animal center of the salt city institute of health and occupational technology, provided by shanghai slaike laboratory animals ltd, certification No.: SCXK (Shanghai 2012-0002)
Mouse feed
The basic feed (the feed is prepared according to GB14924.3-2001 (compound feed for mice and rats of experimental animals)), and the high-fat feed is prepared according to the CFDA standard. In order to prevent the feed from being oxidized, fresh feed was prepared every week and stored in a refrigerator at-20 ℃.
Experimental materials and instruments
Bezafibrate tablet Jiangsu Tianshilibei pharmaceutical Co Ltd (national drug standard: H20010013), a peroxide dismutase (SOD) kit, a Malondialdehyde (MDA) kit and a glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) kit are purchased from Nanjing institute of construction. Eclipse E100 microscope japan nico.
Experimental procedure
The divided administration was carried out in accordance with Table 2, the food intake and the water intake were the same, and the administration was carried out once a day by intragastric administration, and the dosage of the intragastric solution in the groups P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 and P7 was 0.2mL/10g/day [43] (corresponding to 42g/kg/day of crude drug). Blood was collected 75days later and serum was isolated for future use.
Firstly, blood sample collection: blood is collected after 75days of medication, serum is collected after centrifugation at 3000rpm at low temperature, and the serum is stored at 80 ℃ below zero and is used for blood biochemical detection. The blood biochemical detection indexes are as follows: triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C).
Measurement of in vivo antioxidant index: detecting the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the content of malondialdehyde by serum and liver tissues. Referring to the instruction provided by the establishment research, the reagent adopts an hydroxylamine method to determine the activity of SOD, GSH-Px and the content of MDA.
Thirdly, collecting according to samples: after the anesthetized mouse is perfused by normal saline, taking the heart and blood vessels (from the aortic arch to the common renal and iliac arteries), flushing with normal saline, horizontally cutting the blood vessels of the aorta with the length of 1cm at the lower edge of the aortic arch, and soaking the aorta in 4% paraformaldehyde for fixation; heart tissue is embedded in OCT and stored at-80 deg.C for further use; after stripping the liver, heart and kidney of the mouse, the contaminated blood was washed away with physiological saline, then blotted with filter paper, weighed, and the liver was fixed by soaking in 4% paraformaldehyde.
Fourthly, pathological observation: the fixed samples of liver and heart outflow tracts were subjected to paraffin embedding and HE staining.
TABLE 2 grouping and administration
Grouping Dosage form
Control group Conventional feed
High fat group High-fat feed
High fat and normal saline Same volume
High fat and bezafibrate tablet 117mg/kg/d
High fat + P1 Trichosanthes peel extract
High fat + P2 Allium macrostemon extract
High fat + P3 Snakegourd peel&Raw material of longstamen onion bulb 1:1.50
High fat + P4 Snakegourd peel&Raw material of longstamen onion bulb 1:7.83
High fat + P5 Snakegourd peel&Raw material of longstamen onion bulb 1:3.58
High fat + P6 Snakegourd peel&Raw material of allium macrostemon 2.10:1
High fat + P7 Snakegourd peel&Bulbus Allii Macrostemi raw material 7.69:1
(1) Results
Firstly, modeling index determination
As shown in table 3, after the model group was fed with the high-fat diet for 4 weeks, the serum triglyceride was increased, the serum total cholesterol and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were increased, and the differences were significant, and the establishment of the model was determined.
TABLE 3 mouse index Change after modeling
Figure BDA0001358408480000061
(in comparison with conventional feed, denotes P <0.01)
② influence on blood fat of mice
From table 4, it can be seen that the compatibility of different compounds of trichosanthes bark extract, allium macrostemon extract and trichosanthes bark and allium macrostemon extract all have the function of regulating the blood fat of the experimental hyperlipidaemia mouse, and the function of the compound compatibility preparation of trichosanthes and allium macrostemon extract is better than that of the trichosanthes bark extract or allium macrostemon extract which is singly used from the aspect of blood fat indexes.
TABLE 4 Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim extract, Allium macrostemon extract and Compound group for blood lipid of mouseThe effect (n-10,
Figure BDA0001358408480000071
)mmol/L
Figure BDA0001358408480000072
(note: a is P >0.05, b is 0.05> P.gtoreq.0.01, c is P <0.01)
Influence on antioxidation in mice
TABLE 5 SOD activity, GSH-PX activity and MDA content in serum and tissue of each group of mice
Figure BDA0001358408480000073
Figure BDA0001358408480000081
(note: a is p >0.05, b is 0.05> p.gtoreq.0.01, c is p <0.01)
The SOD in serum and tissue samples of different groups is shown in table 5, and the physiological saline has no significant difference with the high-fat group, which indicates that the SOD is not affected by gastric lavage. SOD in the serum of mice in the high-fat group is lower than that in the conventional feed group, but has no significant difference. Compared with the pericarpium trichosanthis extract group P1 and the allium macrostemon extract group P2, the SOD of the pericarpium trichosanthis and allium macrostemon extract compound group except the P3 group is reduced, and the SOD of the pericarpium trichosanthis and allium macrostemon extract compound group is increased, wherein the SOD of the P4 group, the P5 group, the P6 group and the SOD of the P7 group are respectively increased by 1.75%, 6.56%, 5.52% and 12.87%. The SOD value of the P7 group is the highest, and is significantly different from that of the high-fat group, and the SOD is increased by 13.20%.
The SOD in the liver tissue of the mice in the high-fat group is low in the conventional feed group, and has significant difference. The SOD values of other groups are higher than those of a high-fat group, except for a P3 group, the SOD values of a bezafibrate group are increased by 7.52 percent, a P1 group is increased by 5.26 percent, a P2 group is increased by 7.52 percent, a P3 group is increased by 2.26 percent, a P4 group is increased by 27.82 percent, a P5 group is increased by 18.05 percent, a P6 group is increased by 8.27 percent, a P7 group is increased by 12.78 percent, and the SOD values of a trichosanthes peel and allium macrostemon extract compound group are higher than those of a trichosanthes peel extract group P1 and an allium macrostemon extract group P2, wherein the SOD value of the P4 group is the highest.
ii GSH-PX in serum and tissue samples of different groups is shown in Table 5, and the difference between physiological saline and high fat group is not significant, which indicates that the gavage has no influence on GSH-PX. GSH-PX in the serum of mice in the high-fat group is lower than that in the conventional feed group, but has no significant difference. Compared with a high-fat group, the bezafibrate group, the P1 group, the P2 group, the P3 group, the P4 group, the P5 group, the P6 group and the P7 group are respectively increased by 50.92%, 10.93%, 9.20%, 39.89%, 91.41%, 117.18%, 19.63% and 23.31%, wherein the P5 group is obviously different from the high-fat group. The GSH-PX value of the pericarpium Trichosanthis and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract compound group is higher than that of the pericarpium Trichosanthis extract group P1 and that of the Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract group P2, wherein the GSH-PX of the P5 group is the highest.
GSH-PX in liver tissues of mice in the high-fat group is lower than that of the conventional feed group, and has significant difference. Compared with a high-fat group, the bezafibrate group, the P1 group, the P2 group, the P3 group, the P4 group, the P5 group, the P6 group and the P7 group are respectively increased by 36.81%, 1.49%, 24.04%, 28.70%, 14.07%, 33.64% and 7.74%, wherein the bezafibrate group, the P2 group, the P3 group, the P4 group and the P6 group have significant differences from the high-fat group. The GSH-PX values of the pericarpium Trichosanthis and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract compound groups P3 and P6 are higher than those of pericarpium Trichosanthis extract group P1 and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract group P2, wherein GSH-PX in P6 group is highest but lower than that of bezafibrate group.
iii the MDA in serum and tissue samples of different groups is shown in Table 5, and the physiological saline has no significant difference with the high-fat group, which indicates that the gavage has no influence on the MDA. MDA in the serum of mice in the high-fat group is higher than that in the conventional feed group, and significant difference exists. Compared with the high fat group, the bezafibrate group, the P1 group, the P2 group, the P4 group, the P5 group, the P6 group and the P7 group were decreased by 38.52%, 9.02%, 7.38%, 17.21%, 24.59%, 18.03%, 27.04%, and the P3 group was increased by 13.11%, respectively. The bezafibrate group, the P4 group, the P5 group and the P7 group have significant differences from the high fat group. The MDA values of the P4, P5, P6 and P7 groups of the trichosanthes bark and allium macrostemon extract compound group are all lower than those of the P1 and the P2 groups of the trichosanthes bark extract and allium macrostemon extract, wherein the MDA of the P7 group is lowest, and the MDA of the P5 group is next. MDA in the tissues of mice in the high-fat group was lower than that in the conventional diet group, MDA in the other groups except P6 group was lower than that in the high-fat group, and others were higher than that in the high-fat group, which may be related to impurities in the tissues. The P6 group decreased by 33.98%.
Fourthly, pathological observation results of liver and aorta
According to the observation of a liver histopathology microscope (20X) of a hyperlipidemic mouse, the liver and liver lobule structures of a hyperlipidemic mouse are less clear, the mouse has moderate to severe hepatocellular steatosis, different-sized fat bubbles appear in cytoplasm, the volumes of hepatocytes become large and round, cell nuclei are squeezed to one side, the shape is changed, hepatic sinuses are obviously narrowed or disappeared, the staining of hepatocytes is shallower than that of normal cells, the cytoplasm is lightly stained, most of acini shows punctiform or focal necrosis, medium and mild inflammatory cell infiltration is carried out in a convergent area, no obvious hepatic fibrosis is found, cholesterol crystallization appears near the central veins of most hepatic lobules, the liver tissue structure of a conventional feed mouse is stable, hepatic cords are radially arranged around the central veins, the outline of the hepatic lobules is clear, the hepatic cells show polygons, the cell boundaries are clear, and the nucleus is round, intermediate to the cell, abundant cytoplasm; the bezafibrate mouse has a complete liver cell structure, the degeneration of a cell water sample disappears, bubbles are reduced, and the liver cell is deeply colored; the livers of the mice in the P1-P7 groups are slightly improved, wherein the best group is P4, and the next group is P5.
The hyperlipidemia mice have the advantages that blood vessel pathological microscope (40X) observes that the blood vessel intima of the hyperlipidemia mice thickens and rises, part of endothelial cells decline, the space under the endothelium becomes larger, the intima has edema phenomenon and has foam infiltration cells, smooth muscle cells transfer to the subcutaneous part of the endothelium, the media membrane becomes thicker obviously, the smooth muscle cells increase and are irregularly perpendicular to the intima and then turn to the intima, the tissue morphology changes, the blood vessel of the mice fed by the conventional feed is clear, the intima is smooth, the structure of the endothelial cells is stable, lipid and inflammatory cells do not infiltrate under the endothelium, the structures of the media and the adventitia are clear, the media layer consists of elastic fiber membranes, a plurality of prismatic nucleus smooth muscle cells and a few fiber components exist among the elastic fiber membranes, the adventitia is thinner, and no fat cells appear; the bezafibrate group has the advantages that the vascular structure state is improved and repaired, the layers are clear, the intima is smooth, and the endothelial cell morphology is continuous and intact; the P1-P7 groups all improved.

Claims (4)

1. A hypolipidemic agent, which is characterized in that: the medicine is composed of effective components of snakegourd peel extract and allium macrostemon extract; the pericarpium trichosanthis extract and the allium macrostemon extract in the medicine are identified by IR fingerprint spectra, wherein the peak ranges of the pericarpium trichosanthis extract spectra are as follows: 533.80-3415.61 cm-1(ii) a The peak range of the spectrum of the allium macrostemon extract is as follows: 597.55-3489.77 cm-1(ii) a The ratio of the raw materials of the snakegourd peel and the allium macrostemon is 1:7.83-1: 3.58; the ratio of the quercetin in the trichosanthes bark extract to the adenosine in the allium macrostemon extract is 1:8-1: 4; wherein the content of total flavone in the pericarpium Trichosanthis extract is 5-6mg/g, the content of total polyphenol is 7-8mg/g, the content of total saponin is 7-8mg/g, the content of quercetin is 0.1-0.2mg/g, the content of adenosine is 0.07-0.08mg/g, and the content of total amino acid is 62-63 mg/g; the content of total flavone in the allium macrostemon extract is 2-3mg/g, the content of total polyphenol is 3-4mg/g, the content of total saponin is 19-20mg/g, the content of adenosine is 0.1-0.2mg/g, and the content of total amino acid is 26-27 mg/g; wherein the pericarpium Trichosanthis extract and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi extract are obtained by extracting with 60% ethanol.
2. A process for producing a blood lipid lowering agent according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, weighing dry powder of snakegourd peel and allium macrostemon respectively and placing the dry powder into different reflux bottles;
step two, respectively adding 60% ethanol with 10 times volume of the mixture, refluxing, filtering and collecting filtrate;
step three, adding 60% ethanol with the volume 10 times that of the residue obtained in the step two, refluxing, filtering, and collecting and combining filtrate; step four, removing ethanol and water from the product obtained in the step three by using a rotary evaporator, adding a certain volume of pure water, and uniformly mixing to prepare the crude drug with the concentration of 2.1 g/mL.
3. The process for preparing a hypolipidemic agent according to claim 2, wherein the reflux time in step two is 2 hours.
4. The method for preparing a blood lipid lowering drug according to claim 2, wherein the reflux time in step three is 2 hours.
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Citations (4)

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