CN107342113A - A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant - Google Patents
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant Download PDFInfo
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- CN107342113A CN107342113A CN201710600246.6A CN201710600246A CN107342113A CN 107342113 A CN107342113 A CN 107342113A CN 201710600246 A CN201710600246 A CN 201710600246A CN 107342113 A CN107342113 A CN 107342113A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/04—Concretes; Other hydraulic hardening materials
- G21F1/042—Concretes combined with other materials dispersed in the carrier
- G21F1/047—Concretes combined with other materials dispersed in the carrier with metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including inorganic coagulation material, function of shielding component, function of shielding component is hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component, any one in gamma rays screening component or the combination more than or equal to two or more components, the technical program is with inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component is main component, long-term use of temperature is up to 230 DEG C, to fast neutron, intermediate neutron, thermal neutron etc. is respectively provided with higher shield effectiveness, improve the temperature in use of neutron shielding material, it is a strong supplement of neutron shielding material species, improve the flexibility of reactor shielding system design, the radiation aging and heat ageing that are faced in solving the problems, such as traditional organic shielding material under arms and the problem of can be used without neutron shielding material in high temperature environments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation protection and nuclear safety technical field, applied to isotope neutron source, nuclear reactor isotonic
The resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material in protection field, in particular to a kind of high temperature resistant of radioactive source or the compound radioactive source of neutron gamma.
Background technology
Isotope neutron source with can discharge neutron ray during reactor use, typically select by the protection of neutron ray
Take hydrogen content high, the big material shields in neutron absorption cross-section, conventional neutron shielding material is polyethylene, boron polyethylene, lead boron
Polyethylene, concrete material, boron aluminium, boron steel etc..Polyethylene, boron polyethylene, lead-boron polythene hydrogen content are high, neutron shield effect
It is good, but its softening temperature is relatively low, and maximum operation (service) temperature is no more than 80 DEG C, and concrete material is respectively provided with one to neutron and gamma rays
Fixed shield effectiveness, but its shield effectiveness is relatively low.The materials'use temperature such as boron cast steel, boron stainless steel, boron aluminium are higher, to thermal neutron
Good absorbing effect, but without moderation of neutrons component in material, it is poor to intermediate neutron and fast neutron screening ability, and for most of screens
Cover for engineering, intermediate neutron is the difficult point of shielding with fast neutron, and needs the object of key protection.Newly developed epoxy
Resin base shielding material maximum operation (service) temperature is no more than 160 DEG C.《Development of 300℃heat resistant
boron-loaded resin for neutron shielding》Described neutron shielding material heat resisting temperature is up to 300
DEG C, but have NH still in the laboratory development stage, and when material is heated to 200 DEG C3、CO2、H2The gases such as O are released, and are existed hot old
Change problem, its long-term use of temperature are still treated further to test.
Organic shielding material is under high temperature and radiation environment in use, inevitably facing radiation aging and heat ageing
Problem.With the increase of active time, high polymer material can be decomposed constantly, molecular chain rupture, and mechanical strength declines, and eventually loses
Go intensity and can not use.The shielding design of naval reactor proposes higher to the temperature in use of neutron shielding material at present
It is required that as the first layer neutron shielding material temperature in use after reactor grade metal heat-insulation layer is up to more than 200 DEG C, at present without material
It can use.
Based on this, study and develop a kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant of design.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of high temperature resistant neutron shielding material of resistance to irradiation is provided, with inorganic coagulation material, shielding
Function ingredients are key component, and long-term use of temperature can reach 230 DEG C, hydrogen content>0.05g/cm3, solve the organic screen of tradition
The radiation aging faced in covering material under arms and heat ageing problem and it can use in high temperature environments without neutron shielding material
The problem of.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including inorganic coagulation material, function of shielding component, function of shielding group
Be divided into hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component, gamma rays screening component any one or more than or equal to two or more components
Combination.
Using inorganic coagulation material as main component in the technical program, there is cementation, moderation of neutrons to act on.Inorganic glue
Gel material can be specially aluminate cement, and the hydrated product crystal water content after aluminate cement aquation is high, and dehydration temperaturre is high, power
Learn that intensity is high, and moderation of neutrons effect is good, can be bonded together with other materials not with cement reaction, and with higher strong
Degree.Inorganic coagulation material described in the technical program can also be portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, binder materials waterglass,
Binder materials lime, gelatinization material gypsum etc..
Hydroxide in function of shielding component, its unit volume hydrogen content are high, and cost is low, and dehydration temperaturre is high, have compared with
Good moderation of neutrons effect, aluminium hydroxide, the magnesium hydroxide of the preferred stable chemical performance of hydroxide.
Neutron-absorbing component, for the big compound in neutron absorption cross-section or simple substance, the neutron-absorbing such as containing gadolinium or boron element
The big compound of sectional area, it can effectively absorb the neutron after slowing down.When neutron injects shielding material, first by inorganic gel
The hydrated product of material and hydroxide slowing down, then absorbed by neutron-absorbing component, there is higher neutron shield efficiency.In this
Sub- shielding material can according to the power spectrum of neutron source item adjust shielding material in the ratio of hydroxide and neutron-absorbing component, with up to
To optimal shield effectiveness, the weight and volume of shield are saved.
Gamma rays screening component is the simple substance powder or compound of either element in iron content, lead, tungsten, tantalum, depleted uranium, main to use
In gamma rays composite shielding.
The specific of shielding material described in the technical program is combined as：1) inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide are included；2) wrap
Include inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component；3) inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide, neutron-absorbing group are included
Divide, gamma rays screening component；4) inorganic coagulation material, neutron-absorbing component are included；5) inorganic coagulation material is included, neutron is inhaled
Receive component, gamma rays screening component.
Composition of the organic shielding material as shielding material is used in the prior art, and organic shielding material is in high temperature and spoke
According under environment in use, radiation aging and heat ageing problem can inevitably be faced, and with the increase of active time, high score
Sub- material constantly decomposes, molecular chain rupture, and mechanical strength declines, and finally loses intensity and can not use.Then in the technical program
Organic shielding material is replaced using inorganic coagulation material, as described above its of inorganic coagulation material of use has cementation, energy
Hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component, gamma rays screening component with addition are effectively bonded, from different inorganic gel materials
The substance reaction of material, and acted on certain moderation of neutrons, especially after inorganic coagulation material aquation, dehydration occurs in it
Temperature is high, and mechanical strength is high, then solves in the existing military service of organic shielding material, material decomposition, and mechanical strength reduces, it is impossible to
The problem of aging used.
And the function of shielding component in technical scheme of the present invention is the combination of several components, the above is to various groups
The function of dividing is described in detail, wherein using inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide, neutron absorber material as key component, the screen
Cover material temperature in use and can reach 230 DEG C, hydrogen content is more than 0.05g/cm3Bag, and the shielding of existing naval reactor is set
The requirement is unable to reach to the temperature in use of neutron shielding material in meter, even applied to after reactor grade metal heat-insulation layer
Also few temperature in use reach 200 DEG C to one layer of neutron shielding material.
Further, the inorganic coagulation material is aluminate cement.
Further, the neutron-absorbing component is the big compound in neutron absorption cross-section or simple substance.
Further, the neutron-absorbing component is the big compound in neutron absorption cross-section or simple substance.
Further, the big compound in the neutron absorption cross-section or simple substance are compound or list containing gadolinium or boron element
Matter.
Further, the neutron-absorbing component is boron carbide or gadolinium oxide or boron glass.
Neutron-absorbing component, it can effectively absorb the neutron after slowing down.As shielding material include inorganic coagulation material, in
Sub- absorbent components, hydroxide, after neutron-absorbing component absorption, higher neutron shield efficiency is made it have, and most
Good shield effectiveness, the ratio of hydroxide and neutron-absorbing component in shielding material that can be adjusted according to the power spectrum of neutron source item obtain
.Shielding material including neutron-absorbing component, inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide is the neutron shield applied to hot environment
Material, so as to solve the problems, such as can be used without neutron shielding material in existing reactor high temperature environment.
Further, the gamma rays screening component be iron content, lead, tungsten, tantalum, in depleted uranium the simple substance powder of either element or
Compound.Gamma rays screening component such as iron powder, tungsten powder, and gamma rays screening component is the gamma rays screen of high atomic
Component is covered, the component is added in shielding material, makes have neutron, gamma rays composite shielding effect in shielding material.
Further, the high temperature resistant radiation hardness inorganic mask material includes 10 parts of aluminate cement, aluminium hydrate powder 80
Part, 10 parts of boron carbide.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes inorganic coagulation material 5-50 parts, 50-95 parts of function of shielding component,
Also include water reducer.
Further, the water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer, and water reducer addition is inorganic mask material gross mass
0-1%.The main function of water reducer is the addition that water is reduced in casting process, improves stream of the material in casting and constructing
Dynamic property, while reduce density and intensity that porosity improves shielding material.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes 20 parts of aluminate cement, 70 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, polycarboxylic acids diminishing
1 part of agent, 9 parts of boron carbide.
Further, the hydroxide is any one in aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes 10 parts of aluminate cement, 80 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, boron carbide 10
Part.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes 5 parts of aluminate cement, 20 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer 0.3
Part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of iron powder.Wherein water reducer includes but is not limited to polycarboxylate water-reducer.Polycarboxylate water-reducer is one kind
High-performance water reducing agent, it is a kind of cement dispersants during cement concrete uses.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes 30 parts of aluminate cement, 60 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, 1 part of water reducer,
9 parts of gadolinium oxide.
Further, the inorganic mask material includes 10 parts of aluminate cement, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, water reducer 0.3
Part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of tantalum powder.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and advantages：
(1) the resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant of the present invention, with inorganic coagulation material, hydroxide, neutron
Absorbent components are main component, and long-term use of temperature is up to 230 DEG C, relative to the polyethylene, boron polyethylene, lead boron used at present
8080 DEG C of the maximum operation (service) temperature of polyethylene, 160 DEG C of epoxy resin composite shielding material maximum operation (service) temperature, improve its softening temperature
Degree.
(2) the resistance to irradiation neutron-absorbing component hydrogen content of high temperature resistant described in the technical program is more than 0.05g/cm3, in fast
Son, intermediate neutron, thermal neutron etc. are respectively provided with higher shield effectiveness, improve the temperature in use of neutron shielding material, are neutrons
The strong supplement of one of shielding material species, improves the flexibility of reactor shielding system design, solves the organic screen of tradition
The radiation aging and heat ageing problem that are faced in covering material under arms and it can use in high temperature environments without neutron shielding material
The problem of.
(3) the function of shielding component of the inorganic mask material described in the technical program, hydrogen-oxygen can be adjusted according to neutron source item
The ratio of compound and neutron-absorbing component, optimal shield effectiveness is reached, gamma rays can be also added into shielding material
Screening component, make shielding material that there is neutron and gamma rays composite shielding effect.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is made
Further to describe in detail, exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, are not intended as to this
The restriction of invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 90 parts of aluminium hydrate powder.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 80 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, boron glass
10 parts.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 20 parts of aluminate cement, 70 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer
1 part, 9 parts of boron carbide.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 30 parts of aluminate cement, 60 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer
1 part, 9 parts of gadolinium oxide.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 5 parts of aluminate cement, 20 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer
0.3 part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of iron powder.
Embodiment 6：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, water reducer
0.3 part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of tungsten powder.
Embodiment 7：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, water reducer
0.3 part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of tantalum powder.
Embodiment 8：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, water reducer
0.3 part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of lead powder.
Embodiment 9：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 10 parts of aluminate cement, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder, water reducer
0.3 part, 1 part of boron carbide, 73.7 parts of depleted uranium powder.
Aluminate cement wherein in embodiment 1-9 can equivalent substitution be portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, gelling
Material waterglass, binder materials lime, gelatinization material gypsum.
Water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer wherein described in embodiment 3-9, is a kind of high-performance water reducing agent, for application
Cement dispersants in cement concrete, and its material for being known to the skilled person.
Comparative example 1：
Conventional neutron shielding material：Polyethylene, boron polyethylene, lead-boron polythene, concrete material, boron aluminium, boron steel；
Lead-boron polythene：Including lead 80%, boron carbide 1.5%, polyethylene 18.5%, it is calculated in mass percent；
Comparative example 2：
Epoxy resin-matrix shielding material：Including boron carbide 1.5%, aluminium hydroxide：40%th, epoxy resin 58.5%, with matter
Measure percentage meter；
Comparative example 3：
Organic shielding material：Boron aluminium, including boron carbide：15%, aluminium 85%, it is calculated in mass percent.
Comparative example 4：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 2 parts of aluminate cement, 88 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer 1
Part, 9 parts of boron glass.
Difference with embodiment 3 is：Aluminate cement is less than 5 parts, and the strength of materials is low, it is impossible to is molded.
Comparative example 5：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 98 parts of aluminate cement, 0.5 part of aluminium hydrate powder, diminishing
1 part of agent, 0.5 part of boron glass.
Difference with embodiment 3 is：Aluminate cement is more than 95 parts.
Comparative example 6：
A kind of resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, including 73 parts of aluminate cement, 20 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, water reducer
2 parts, 5 parts of boron glass.
Difference with embodiment 3 is：Function of shielding component is less than 50 parts.
The performance indications that shielding material described in embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-7 has are as shown in table 1 below：
From data in table 1,
Embodiment 1-9 is respectively provided with maximum operation (service) temperature, has the ability of shielding neutron ray or/and gamma rays, well
Moderation of neutrons effect.
Embodiment 1-9 reaches relative to the organic shielding material described in comparative example 1-2 with maximum operation (service) temperature
Advantage；
Organic shielding material of the embodiment 1-9 described in relative to comparative example 3, reaching maximum operation (service) temperature process
In heat ageing problem is not present.
Embodiment 3 reduces aluminate cement number relative to comparative example 4 in comparative example 4, then highest uses temperature
Degree reduces, and shield effectiveness reduces, and shielding material mechanical strength reduces.
Embodiment 3 increases aluminate cement number relative to for embodiment 5 in comparative example 5, then highest uses temperature
Spend same as Example 3, shield effectiveness reduction.
Embodiment 3 reduces function of shielding component relative to comparative example 6, comparative example 5, and remaining component is constant, most
Operation at high temperature is constant, and shield effectiveness reduces.
Aluminate cement component 5-50 parts, 50-95 parts of function of shielding component are high temperature resistant radiation hardness i.e. in embodiment 1-9
The best proportion of inorganic mask material, wherein component such as aluminate cement component, function of shielding component not in this range, not
Can have maximum operation (service) temperature, shield effectiveness highest advantage simultaneously.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant, it is characterised in that：Including inorganic coagulation material, function of shielding component, Function of shielding component be hydroxide, neutron-absorbing component, in gamma rays screening component any one or more than or equal to two The combination of kind above component.
- A kind of 2. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inorganic gel Material is aluminate cement.
- A kind of 3. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The neutron-absorbing Component is the big compound in neutron absorption cross-section or simple substance.
- A kind of 4. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The neutron-absorbing The big compound in section or simple substance are compound or simple substance containing gadolinium or boron element.
- A kind of 5. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The neutron-absorbing Component is boron carbide or gadolinium oxide or boron glass.
- A kind of 6. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gamma rays Screening component is the simple substance powder or compound of either element in iron content, lead, tungsten, tantalum, depleted uranium.
- A kind of 7. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Including aluminic acid salt solution 10 parts of mud, 80 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, 10 parts of boron carbide.
- A kind of 8. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The shielding material Including inorganic coagulation material 5-50 parts, 50-95 parts of function of shielding component, in addition to water reducer.
- A kind of 9. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The water reducer is Polycarboxylate water-reducer, water reducer addition are 0-the 1% of inorganic mask material gross mass.
- A kind of 10. resistance to irradiation inorganic mask material of high temperature resistant according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Including aluminate 20 parts of cement, 70 parts of aluminium hydrate powder, 1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, 9 parts of boron carbide.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN108101431A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of neutron shield special concrete of amorphous fiber enhancing and preparation method thereof |
| CN108218432A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽应流久源核能新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of radiation shielded components boron carbide agglomerate |
| CN109300557A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-01 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The complex function metallic insulation of shielding material is filled out in a kind of unilateral side |
| CN111933322A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-temperature-resistant neutron shielding assembly and preparation method thereof |
| CN111943612A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Irradiation-resistant high-temperature-resistant fast neutron shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112159170A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Ionizing radiation shielding material for intermediate energy proton accelerator |
| CN112863721A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Uranium-based neutron gamma composite shielding material |
| CN112908505A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-temperature-resistant organic shielding material |
| CN113539535A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-22 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Neutron shield and method of making same |
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| CN113539535B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2024-04-19 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Neutron shield and method of manufacturing the same |
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| CN108101431A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of neutron shield special concrete of amorphous fiber enhancing and preparation method thereof |
| CN108218432A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽应流久源核能新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of radiation shielded components boron carbide agglomerate |
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| CN111943612A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Irradiation-resistant high-temperature-resistant fast neutron shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112159170A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Ionizing radiation shielding material for intermediate energy proton accelerator |
| CN112159170B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-08-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Ionizing radiation shielding material for intermediate energy proton accelerator |
| CN112863721A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Uranium-based neutron gamma composite shielding material |
| CN112908505A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-temperature-resistant organic shielding material |
| CN113539535A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-22 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Neutron shield and method of making same |
| CN113539535B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2024-04-19 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Neutron shield and method of manufacturing the same |
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