CN107340153B - Soil structure nondestructive sampling device and method convenient for three-dimensional scanning - Google Patents
Soil structure nondestructive sampling device and method convenient for three-dimensional scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN107340153B CN107340153B CN201710800711.0A CN201710800711A CN107340153B CN 107340153 B CN107340153 B CN 107340153B CN 201710800711 A CN201710800711 A CN 201710800711A CN 107340153 B CN107340153 B CN 107340153B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil structure nondestructive sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning, which comprises a positioning rack, a lifting driving mechanism, a guide rod, a positioning chuck, a clasping mechanism, an elastic sheath and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, wherein the tail end of the guide rod is mutually connected with a cross beam of the positioning rack through the lifting driving mechanism, the front end of the guide rod is mutually connected with the front end surface of the positioning chuck, the lower end surface of the positioning chuck is provided with positioning grooves, the clasping mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the positioning grooves, and the upper end surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is embedded in the positioning chuck. The invention greatly improves the working efficiency of soil sample sampling operation on one hand, and greatly improves the precision of soil sample detection on the other hand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil body structure nondestructive sampling device and a sampling method convenient for three-dimensional scanning, and belongs to the technical field of soil body sampling equipment.
Background
In the field of the current research on the three-dimensional structure of the soil body, the soil body sample collection operation is often needed to be carried out in the field according to the needs of the research operation, then the collected soil body sample is subjected to three-dimensional scanning research, when the soil body sample collection operation is carried out, due to the lack of professional and effective sample collection equipment, a sampling worker is often needed to manually insert sampling equipment into the soil body for sample collection operation, although the requirement for use can be met to a certain degree, on one hand, the working efficiency of the sampling operation is low, the labor intensity is high, the sampling and taking operation difficulty of the sampling equipment is high, and the stability of the operation driving force of the sampling equipment is poor during sampling, the structure of the soil body sample in the sampling equipment is easily damaged, so that the quality of the soil body sample of the sampling operation is seriously influenced, and the precision of the later scanning operation of the soil body sample is seriously influenced, on the other hand, the sampling devices used are often metal devices, which causes serious interference to the three-dimensional scanning device when soil samples are detected in the later period, so that the soil samples need to be taken out of the sampling devices and then the soil samples can be scanned and detected in the three-dimensional manner, but the soil samples are easily damaged during the process of dismantling the metal sampling devices, which affects the precision of the detection operation and is not beneficial to the storage and reuse of the soil samples, aiming at the problem, the prior device for soil sampling operation by using the drilling device is developed, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the soil sampling operation and reduce the labor intensity of the sampling operation, but often causes serious damage to the soil sample structure during the drilling sampling process, thereby causing the soil samples to fail to effectively meet the needs of research operation, therefore, in order to solve the problem, a brand new soil sample sampling device needs to be developed urgently to meet the requirement of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a soil structure lossless sampling device and a sampling method which are convenient for three-dimensional scanning.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a soil structure nondestructive sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning comprises a positioning rack, a lifting driving mechanism, a guide rod, a positioning chuck, a clasping mechanism, an elastic sheath tube and a hard high polymer sampling cylinder, wherein the positioning rack is of a frame structure, the tail end of the guide rod is connected with the positioning rack through the lifting driving mechanism and is horizontally and vertically distributed, the front end of the guide rod is connected with the front end surface of the positioning chuck and is coaxially distributed, a positioning groove with a cross section of 2086620866is arranged on the lower end surface of the positioning chuck, the positioning groove and the positioning chuck are coaxially distributed, an air hole is arranged at the bottom of the positioning groove, the clasping mechanism is embedded in the positioning groove and is uniformly distributed on the side wall of the positioning groove, the elastic sheath tube and the hard high polymer sampling cylinder are of circular tube structures, and the elastic sheath tube is coated outside the hard high polymer sampling cylinder and is coaxially distributed, the upper end surfaces of the elastic protecting sleeve and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder are embedded in a positioning chuck and are respectively connected with the positioning chuck through a clasping mechanism, the air holes are communicated with the upper end surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, a soil breaking blade is arranged at the front end of the elastic protecting sleeve, a cutting blade is arranged at the lower end surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the cross sections of the soil breaking blade and the cutting blade are of inverted right-angled trapezoid structures, the width of the cutting blade is 1/3-1/5 of the wall thickness of the lower end surface side of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the side surface of the cutting blade is positioned on the outer surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder and forms an included angle of 15-60 degrees with the axis of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the cross section of the soil breaking blade is of a closed annular structure, the front end surface of the soil breaking blade abuts against the tail end of the cutting blade, and the side surface of the soil breaking blade forms an included angle of 15-60 degrees with the axis of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the broken soil blade terminal surface establish the spread groove to through spread groove cladding elasticity protecting pipe front end surface, just broken soil blade terminal diameter ratio elasticity protecting pipe preceding terminal surface diameter at least 5 millimeters big.
Furthermore, the lifting driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic cylinder lifting driving mechanism, a pneumatic cylinder lifting driving mechanism, a linear motor, a lead screw lifting driving mechanism and a worm and gear lifting driving mechanism.
Furthermore, the guide rod comprises a guide sleeve, a drive shaft and a push disc, the guide sleeve is of a hollow tubular structure, the drive shaft is embedded in the guide sleeve and is in sliding connection with the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve and the drive shaft are coaxially distributed, the front ends of the guide sleeve and the drive shaft are respectively and mutually connected with a lifting drive mechanism, the push disc is of a disc-shaped structure and is positioned outside the guide sleeve and is mutually connected with the tail end of the drive shaft, the push disc is embedded in the hard high polymer sampling cylinder and is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the hard high polymer sampling cylinder, the push disc is respectively and coaxially distributed with the drive shaft and the hard high polymer sampling cylinder, a guide hole is arranged at the position of the positioning chuck corresponding to the drive shaft and is in sliding connection with the positioning chuck through the guide hole,
furthermore, the clasping mechanism is any one of a clamping hub, a positioning pin, a thread and a clamping buckle.
Furthermore, the length of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder is 20-110 cm, and the inner surface of the sampling cylinder is a smooth surface.
Furthermore, a plurality of spherical protrusions are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the elastic sheath and are in sliding connection with the outer surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder through the spherical protrusions, the area of the contact surface between the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder and the spherical protrusions is 1/10-1/4 of the area of the outer surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, and an isolation gap with the width of 1-3 mm is arranged between the inner surface of the elastic sheath and the outer surface of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder.
A sampling method of a soil structure nondestructive sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning comprises the following steps:
firstly, positioning equipment, namely firstly determining a soil sample sampling point, then positioning a positioning rack around the soil sample sampling point according to the position of the sampling point, then connecting a guide rod with a positioning chuck, and then connecting the guide rod with the positioning rack through a lifting driving mechanism to enable the axis of the guide rod to be vertically intersected with the circle center of the soil sample sampling point, and then assembling an elastic protective sleeve and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder and then installing the assembled elastic protective sleeve and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder on the positioning chuck;
secondly, sampling the soil body, after the first step of operation is completed, driving a guide rod through a lifting driving mechanism, driving an elastic sheath pipe and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to descend along the axis at a constant speed by the guide rod until the elastic sheath pipe and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder reach the sampling depth position, then firstly lifting the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder along the axial direction by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer, and then stopping lifting until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod, thereby completing the soil body sampling operation;
thirdly, sealing the sample, namely after the second step of operation is completed, firstly plugging the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder by a sealing plug, then taking the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder off a positioning chuck, and plugging by the sealing plug to complete the sealing of the sample for later use;
and fourthly, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is reused, after the soil sample is detected, sealing plugs at two ends of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder are opened, the front end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is connected with the positioning chuck, the lifting driving mechanism drives the driving shaft of the guide rod to move downwards, the driving shaft drives the push disc to move at a constant speed from the top end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to the tail end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder along the axis of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, so that the soil sample in the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is discharged, the lifting driving mechanism drives the driving rod to move upwards after the soil sample is discharged, the push disc is reset and returns to the top position of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is cleaned, and the aim of soil sampling operation is fulfilled.
The soil sampling device has the advantages of simple structure, flexible and convenient use and high operation automation degree, effectively improves the flexibility and reliability of soil sample sampling operation on one hand, greatly improves the working efficiency of the soil sample sampling operation, and effectively reduces the labor intensity of the soil sampling operation; on the other hand, the protective capability of the soil sample in the soil sampling process can be effectively improved, so that the defect that the soil structure is damaged due to the soil sampling operation of the traditional sampling equipment is effectively overcome, and the detection precision of the soil sample is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a sampling method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, a soil structure nondestructive sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning comprises a positioning frame 1, a lifting driving mechanism 2, a guide rod 3, a positioning chuck 4, a clasping mechanism 5, an elastic sheath tube 6 and a hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7, wherein the positioning frame 1 is of a frame structure, the tail end of the guide rod 3 is connected with the positioning frame 1 through the lifting driving mechanism 2 and is horizontally and vertically distributed, the front end of the guide rod 3 is connected with the front end surface of the positioning chuck 4 and is coaxially distributed, the lower end surface of the positioning chuck 4 is provided with a positioning groove 8 with a cross section in a shape of '2086666', the positioning groove 8 and the positioning chuck 4 are coaxially distributed, the bottom of the positioning groove 8 is provided with an air vent 9, the clasping mechanism 5 is embedded in the positioning groove 8 and is uniformly distributed on the side wall of the positioning groove 8, and the elastic sheath tube 6 and the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7 are of circular tube structures, the elastic protecting sleeve 6 is coated outside the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 7 and is coaxially distributed, the upper end surface is embedded in the positioning chuck 4 and is respectively connected with the positioning chuck 4 through the clasping mechanism 5, the air vent 9 is communicated with the upper end surface of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8, the front end of the elastic protecting sleeve 6 is provided with a ground breaking blade 10, the lower end surface of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8 is provided with a cutting blade 11, the cross sections of the ground breaking blade 10 and the cutting blade 11 are of inverted right-angled trapezoidal structures, wherein the width of the cutting blade 11 is 1/3-1/5 of the wall thickness of the lower end surface side of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8, the side surface of the cutting blade 11 is positioned on the outer surface of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8 and forms an included angle of 15-60 degrees with the axis of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8, the cross section of the ground breaking blade 10 is of a closed annular structure, and the front end surface of the ground breaking blade is abutted against the tail end of the cutting blade 11, the side surface of the soil breaking blade and the axis of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cylinder 8 form an included angle of 15-60 degrees, the tail end face of the soil breaking blade 10 is provided with a connecting groove 12, the outer surface of the front end of the elastic protecting sleeve 6 is coated by the connecting groove 12, and the diameter of the tail end of the soil breaking blade 10 is at least 5 mm larger than that of the front end face of the elastic protecting sleeve 6.
In this embodiment, the lifting driving mechanism 2 is any one of a hydraulic cylinder lifting driving mechanism, a pneumatic cylinder lifting driving mechanism, a linear motor, a lead screw lifting driving mechanism, and a worm and gear lifting driving mechanism.
In this embodiment, the guide rod 3 includes a guide sleeve 31, a drive shaft 32, a push disc 33, the guide sleeve 31 is a hollow tubular structure, the drive shaft 32 is embedded in the guide sleeve 31 and slidably connected with the guide sleeve 31, the guide sleeve 31 and the drive shaft 32 are coaxially distributed, the front ends of the guide sleeve 31 and the drive shaft 32 are respectively and mutually connected with the lifting drive mechanism 2, the push disc 33 is a disc-shaped structure and is positioned outside the guide sleeve 31 and is mutually connected with the tail end of the drive shaft 32, the push disc 33 is embedded in the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 6 and is slidably connected with the inner surface of the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 6, the push disc 33 is respectively and coaxially distributed with the drive shaft 32 and the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 6, and the position of the positioning chuck 4 corresponding to the drive shaft 32 is provided with a guide hole 10 and is slidably connected with the positioning chuck 4 through the guide hole 10.
In this embodiment, the clasping mechanism 5 is any one of a clamping hub, a positioning pin, a thread and a clamping buckle.
In this embodiment, the length of the hard high molecular polymer sampling cartridge 7 is 20-110 cm, and the inner surface thereof is a smooth surface.
In this embodiment, a plurality of spherical protrusions 13 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the elastic sheath 6, and are in sliding connection with the outer surface of the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7 through the spherical protrusions 13, the area of the contact surface between the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7 and the spherical protrusions 13 is 1/10-1/4 of the area of the outer surface of the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7, and an isolation gap 14 with the width of 1-3 mm is arranged between the inner surface of the elastic sheath 6 and the outer surface of the hard high polymer sampling cylinder 7.
As shown in fig. 2, a sampling method of a soil structure nondestructive sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning includes the following steps:
firstly, positioning equipment, namely determining a soil sample sampling point, positioning a positioning rack around the soil sample sampling point according to the position of the sampling point, connecting a guide rod with a positioning chuck, and then connecting a lifting driving mechanism with the positioning rack to ensure that the axis of the guide rod is vertically intersected with the circle center of the soil sample sampling point, and then assembling an elastic protective sleeve and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder and then installing the assembled elastic protective sleeve and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder on the positioning chuck;
secondly, sampling the soil body, after the first step of operation is completed, driving a guide rod through a lifting driving mechanism, driving an elastic sheath pipe and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to descend along the axis at a constant speed by the guide rod until the elastic sheath pipe and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder reach the sampling depth position, then firstly lifting the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder along the axial direction by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer, and then stopping lifting until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod, thereby completing the soil body sampling operation;
thirdly, sealing the sample, namely after the second step of operation is completed, firstly plugging the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder by a sealing plug, then taking the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder off a positioning chuck, and plugging by the sealing plug to complete the sealing of the sample for later use;
and fourthly, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is reused, after the soil sample is detected, sealing plugs at two ends of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder are opened, the front end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is connected with the positioning chuck, the lifting driving mechanism drives the driving shaft of the guide rod to move downwards, the driving shaft drives the push disc to move from the top end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to the tail end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder at a constant speed along the axis of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, so that the soil sample in the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is discharged, the lifting driving mechanism drives the guide rod to move upwards after the soil sample is discharged, the push disc is reset and returns to the top position of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is cleaned, and the aim of soil sampling operation is fulfilled.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A soil structure lossless sampling method convenient for three-dimensional scanning is characterized in that: the sampling method of the soil mass structure lossless sampling device convenient for three-dimensional scanning comprises the following steps:
firstly, positioning equipment, namely firstly determining a soil sample sampling point, then positioning a positioning rack around the soil sample sampling point according to the position of the sampling point, then connecting a guide rod with a positioning chuck, and then connecting the guide rod with the positioning rack through a lifting driving mechanism to enable the axis of the guide rod to be vertically intersected with the circle center of the soil sample sampling point, and then assembling an elastic protective sleeve and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder and then installing the assembled elastic protective sleeve and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder on the positioning chuck;
secondly, sampling the soil body, after the first step of operation is completed, driving a guide rod through a lifting driving mechanism, driving an elastic sheath pipe and a hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to descend along the axis at a constant speed by the guide rod until the elastic sheath pipe and the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder reach the sampling depth position, then firstly lifting the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder along the axial direction by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer, and then stopping lifting until the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is at least 3 mm higher than the soil body layer by the lifting driving mechanism through the guide rod, thereby completing the soil body sampling operation;
thirdly, sealing the sample, namely after the second step of operation is finished, firstly plugging the lower end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder by a sealing plug, then taking down the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder from the positioning chuck, and plugging by the sealing plug to finish the sealing of the sample for later use;
and fourthly, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is reused, after the soil sample is detected, sealing plugs at two ends of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder are opened, the front end face of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is connected with the positioning chuck, the lifting driving mechanism drives the driving shaft of the guide rod to move downwards, the driving shaft drives the push disc to move at a constant speed from the top end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder to the tail end of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder along the axis of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, so that the soil sample in the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is discharged, the lifting driving mechanism drives the driving rod to move upwards after the soil sample is discharged, the push disc is reset and returns to the top position of the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder, the hard high-molecular polymer sampling cylinder is cleaned, and the aim of soil sampling operation is fulfilled.
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| CN201710800711.0A CN107340153B (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2017-09-07 | Soil structure nondestructive sampling device and method convenient for three-dimensional scanning |
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| CN108827690A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-16 | 史华林 | A kind of agricultural planting uses device with Soil K+adsorption |
| CN110441085A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 中南大学 | Ground sampler suitable for ground detection |
| CN110595827B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-11-06 | 明光市众建市政工程有限公司 | Ground soil property classification detection sampling device before building engineering construction |
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| KR101394171B1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-05-14 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Sample gather apparatus and method of borehole |
| CN205562197U (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 马叶情 | Geology sample boring probe |
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| KR101394171B1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-05-14 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Sample gather apparatus and method of borehole |
| CN205562197U (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 马叶情 | Geology sample boring probe |
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| 车载液压振动式土壤采集装置研究;张凯等;《南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版)》(第04期);全文 * |
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