CN107339388A - Speed changer for motor vehicle and the automotive drive train with such speed changer - Google Patents

Speed changer for motor vehicle and the automotive drive train with such speed changer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107339388A
CN107339388A CN201710274166.6A CN201710274166A CN107339388A CN 107339388 A CN107339388 A CN 107339388A CN 201710274166 A CN201710274166 A CN 201710274166A CN 107339388 A CN107339388 A CN 107339388A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
switching device
axle
speed changer
planetary gearsets
spur gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710274166.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·帕夫拉克维奇
R·库贝尔齐克
T·罗泽迈尔
B·翁塞尔德
P·齐默
S·贝克
M·维克斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of CN107339388A publication Critical patent/CN107339388A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F16H37/046—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement with an additional planetary gear train, e.g. creep gear, overdrive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/663—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with conveying rotary motion between axially spaced orbital gears, e.g. RAVIGNEAUX
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/442—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion comprising two or more sets of orbital gears arranged in a single plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/202—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2043—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of speed changer (G) for motor vehicle,Wherein,The speed changer (G) has drive shaft (GW1),Driven shaft (GW2),First spur gear group and the second spur gear group (ST1,ST2),With total of four axle (W1,W2,W3,W4) be arranged to diameter parallel in the planetary gearsets system (PS) of drive shaft (GW1),First switching device (B1),Second switching device (B2),3rd switching device (C1),4th switching device (C3) and the 5th switching device (C4) and housing (GG),Described two spur gear groups are axially arranged between the functional interface (GW1A) of the driver element outside speed changer (G) and speed changer and the plane of the planetary gearsets system,At least one switching device in each switching device is arranged to coaxial with drive shaft,And remaining switching device is arranged to and planetary gearsets system coaxial；The invention further relates to a kind of power assembly system for being used for the motor vehicle with such speed changer.

Description

Speed changer for motor vehicle and the motor vehicle power assembly with such speed changer System
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of speed changer for motor vehicle and a kind of motor vehicle power with such speed changer are total Into system.Speed changer refers in particular to multi-shifting speed variator herein, in the multi-shifting speed variator, multiple gear (i.e. two of speed changer Fixed drive ratio between axle) can preferably automatically it be switched by switching device.Switching device herein be, for example, clutch or Brake.This speed changer is mainly used in motor vehicle, to make the rotating speed of driver element and torque output in a suitable manner Characteristic adaptation is in the running resistance of vehicle.
Background technology
A kind of multiple-speed gear-box as known to the A1 of open source literature DE 101 62 884, the multiple-speed gear-box, which at least has, to be set A drive shaft and a driven shaft, two single file carrier planetary gearsets in a housing, for defining fixed input The prestage of gearratio, at least seven rotatable axles and five switching devices.Here, drive device can be same with prestage Realize axle.Drive device and slave unit can be arranged on the phase homonymy of housing, wherein, unique specifically disclosed embodiment Show that there is the arrangement of drive device and slave unit on the opposite side of housing.Such arrangement is particularly suitable for Vehicle with the power assembly system oriented parallel to travel direction.
It should be noted axle differential with driving for the vehicle with the power assembly system oriented transverse to travel direction The length as big as possible of side axle between driving wheel.Which improve bobbin movement.In addition, the because angle of bend of driving axis joint Degree is diminished with larger distance between each joint, it is possible thereby to reduce the load of driving axis joint.Therefore, axle differential is excellent Choosing can be arranged in vehicle center.Therefore, by driver element (i.e. such as internal combustion engine) and speed changer form transverse to row Sail in the complex of direction orientation advantageously, the interface between the driven shaft and axle differential of speed changer can be arranged to the greatest extent It is possibly close to vehicle center.Here, axle differential can also be the overall part of speed changer.
In addition, compact structure is should be noted for the vehicle with the power assembly system oriented transverse to travel direction Make, because the complex being made up of driver element and speed changer will be generally arranged between each longeron of car body, the longeron is along Y Direction is arranged in driving wheel.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be further improve it is known in the prior art be used for apply with transverse to traveling side Speed changer into the vehicle of the power assembly system of orientation, wherein focusing on the compact structural form of speed changer.
The purpose is realized by the feature of claim 1.Favourable structural form by dependent claims, specification with And accompanying drawing is drawn.
Therefore, the speed changer with drive shaft, driven shaft, the first spur gear group and the second spur gear group, with altogether four The planetary gearsets system of individual axle, five switching devices and housing.Here, the planetary gearsets system is arranged to diameter parallel In drive shaft and coaxial with driven shaft.Described two spur gear groups are axially arranged on speed changer and the driving outside speed changer Between the plane of the functional interface of unit and the planetary gearsets system.The functional interface is configured to the rotation of driver element Transhipment is dynamic to be delivered on speed changer, and can for example be configured to flange or gear shaping portion.Interface can construct on the driving shaft or With in the attachable connecting shaft of drive shaft.Interface can also be for example constructed on the fluid torque-converter as initiating element." OK The plane of star gear train system " be interpreted as herein with the rotary shaft of planetary gearsets system it is at a right angle and and planetary gearsets The intersecting each plane of the element of system.
First spur gear group is arranged to the tooth diameter that the spur gear that drive shaft is coaxial has than the second spur gear group The tooth diameter for being arranged to the spur gear coaxial with drive shaft is small.
Four axles of planetary gearsets system are referred to as first axle, the second axle, the 3rd axle and the 4th axle, wherein, it is each described The order of first, second, third, fourth axle of the rotating speed of axle by name linearly raises, reduces or identical.In other words, The rotating speed of one axle is less than or equal to the rotating speed of the second axle.The rotating speed of second axle is less than or equal to the rotating speed of the 3rd axle again.3rd axle turns Speed is less than or equal to the rotating speed of the 4th axle.The order is also reversible so that rotating speed of the 4th axle with minimum, and turn of first axle Speed is more than or equal to the rotating speed of the 4th axle.Here, linear relationship all the time be present between the rotating speed of all four axles.Here, this four The rotating speed of one or more of individual axle axle can also be negative value also or value 0.Therefore, rotating speed order can be related to rotating speed all the time The value rather than its absolute value that have symbol.If two axles in this four axles interconnect, four axles have identical Rotating speed.Therefore, the outstanding advantages of planetary gearsets system first consist in its kinematics, and do not lie in its construction.Such row Star gear train system is made up of dual couple of two single planetary gear groups.Example to this be so-called Ravigneaux-Satz or Simpson-Satz.
Here, driven shaft and the 3rd axle for pressing rotating speed order are permanently connected.It is suitable by rotating speed by closing the first switching device Second axle of sequence can be fixed into non-rotary.By closing the second switching device, can be fixed into not by the first axle of rotating speed order Rotation.By closing the 3rd switching device, can be produced in drive shaft and by between the 4th axle of rotating speed order by second just The effect connection of gear train guiding.By closing the 4th switching device, in drive shaft and by can between the first axle of rotating speed order The effect guided by the first spur gear group is produced to connect.By closing the 5th switching device, in drive shaft and rotating speed order is pressed The second axle between can produce by the second spur gear group guide effect connect.
According to the present invention, at least one switching device in this five switching devices be arranged to it is coaxial with drive shaft, wherein, Remaining switching device is arranged to and planetary gearsets system coaxial.Tie the axial direction that speed changer can be optimized by such distribution Structure length.
It is particularly preferred that the second switching device and/or the 4th switching device be arranged to it is coaxial with drive shaft.By such Arrangement, the construction particularly compact in the axial direction of speed changer is possible.
3rd switching device and/or the 5th switching device are arranged to and planetary gearsets system coaxial and axially disposed The construction short vertically of speed changer is equally beneficial between the second spur gear group and planetary gearsets system.
Preferably, the first switching device be arranged to planetary gearsets system coaxial, wherein, the planetary gearsets system edge It is axially disposed between one of the first switching device and two spur gear groups.The arrangement is also beneficial to speed changer vertically Short construction.
According to a kind of possible form of implementation, planetary gearsets system is with two respectively with the first element, one The planetary gearsets of individual second element and a third element.Here, the first element of the first planetary gearsets is suitable by rotating speed The part of the first axle of sequence.Here, the third element of the second planetary gearsets is the composition by the second axle of rotating speed order Part.Second element of the first planetary gearsets and the second element of the second planetary gearsets are connected to each other and are suitable by rotating speed The part of 3rd axle of sequence.First element of the third element of the first planetary gearsets and the second planetary gearsets connects each other Connect and be the part by the 4th axle of rotating speed order.First element is preferably all the time by the sun of corresponding planetary gearsets Wheel is formed.If one of planetary gearsets are configured to negative ratio gear group, the second element is preferably by its planet framework Into, and third element is made up of its gear ring.If one of planetary gearsets are configured to positive drive than gear train, second Element is preferably made up of its gear ring, and third element is made up of its planet carrier.
Preferably, the first planetary gearsets and the second planetary gearsets are respectively configured to negative ratio gear group, wherein, the Two planetary gearsets are arranged radially in outside the first planetary gearsets.It is particularly due to the first element of the second planetary gearsets Permanently connected between the third element of the first planetary gearsets, such arrangement is advantageous to structure compact vertically Make.
Preferably, the first switching device and/or the 3rd switching device are configured to the sealed switching device of shape.Shape is sealed to cut Element is changed to connect by sealed establish of shape in closure state, and outstanding advantages are than force closure switching device in open mode Lower towing loss.Lost by low towing in open mode, the efficiency of speed changer improves.According to a kind of reality of replacement Mode is applied, the first switching device and/or the 3rd switching device can be structured as the friction switching device of force closure, friction switching The friction plate of element only has the rubbing surface without liner.In other words, rub switching device each friction plate plate-shaped base body Without the friction facing on friction plate.However, it is possible to rub to the indivedual of such friction switching device or all The rubbing surface of piece is heat-treated, such as is nitrogenized.Such friction switching device is designed for high compressive load per unit area, and Therefore it can be configured to that there is small rubbing surface and a small amount of friction plate.Thus, the towing loss of such switching device exists It can be reduced in open mode.
Six gears can be realized between drive shaft and driven shaft by closing this five switching devices in couples by selectivity. First gear is obtained by closing the first switching device and the 3rd switching device.Second gear is by closing the second switching device And the 3rd switching device obtain.Third gear position is obtained by closing the 4th switching device and the 3rd switching device.Fourth gear Position is obtained by closing the 5th switching device and the 3rd switching device.Fifth gear position is by closing the 4th switching device and the Five switching devices obtain.6th gear is obtained by closing the second switching device and the 5th switching device.Reverse gear and pass through closure First switching device and the 4th switching device obtain.
Preferably, the speed changer, which has, includes the motor of non-rotary stator and rotatable rotor, wherein, the rotor and Drive shaft permanent action connects or can switchably acted on connection.Here, permanently connected or changeable connection can construct It is indirectly connected with to be directly connected to or being configured to.When being configured to be indirectly connected with, rotor is by fixed drive ratio, for example by additional Planetary gearsets for good and all or be switchably connected in drive shaft, wherein, an element of the planetary gearsets is fixed into It is non-rotary.Such as the sun gear of the planetary gearsets be for good and all fixed into it is non-rotary, its planet carrier with driving axis connection simultaneously And the rotor of its gear ring and motor connects so that the rotating speed of the rotor increases compared with drive shaft speed.It can be expanded by motor The function of speed changer is opened up, so as to which the speed changer is suitable for the power assembly system of motor vehicle driven by mixed power.Rotor is connected to driving Allow on axle when driving motor vehicle driven by mixed power by motor using the gear of whole.
According to a kind of particularly preferred form of implementation, rotor is connected with following spur gear or can be connected, the spur gear With a spur gear of one of described two spur gear groups directly or by one or more idler gears or by among one Axle, a spur gear particularly preferably with the second spur gear group act on connection.Therefore, motor can be simply set to axis Parallel to drive shaft, the construction particularly compact in the axial direction thus, it is possible to realize speed changer.It can be changed by the connection of idler gear The acoustics of kind engagement.
This speed changer can have torsional vibration damper, and the torsional vibration damper is designed for torsional vibration damper and preferably It is arranged in the effect connection between two sections of drive shaft.Towards just so as caused by the driver element outside speed changer The twisting vibration of gear train can be by vibration damping.
In principle, initiating element (such as fluid torque-converter or friction clutch) can be connected to speed change in the known manner Device upstream.Such initiating element can also be the overall part of speed changer.Initiating element is in speed changer motor vehicle Starting process can be realized when in power assembly system in the following way, i.e. can realize between internal combustion engine and driven shaft Slipping state.Preferably, but such initiating element is constructed within speed changer in the following way, i.e. the first switching member Part is configured to the switching device that rubs.Run by the skidding of the first switching device, can be achieved in the first gear and in reversing gear Dynamic process.Therefore single initiating element can be saved.If the first switching device is configured to the sealed switching device of shape, or should Switching device does not allow to adjust slipping state exactly, then can be on startup along direction of advance by the 3rd switching device Starting process and be to realize slipping state along the starting process of reverse direction by the 4th switching device, the 3rd switching member Part or the 4th switching device can be configured to suitable force closure switching device for this.
This speed changer can be the part of automotive drive train.Power assembly system is gone back in addition to speed changer Including internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine is connected or can be connected and the drive shaft turnable elastic with speed changer by torsional vibration damper. One can be set to separate clutch between drive shaft and internal combustion engine, the separation clutch can be the part of speed changer. The driven shaft of speed changer is connected with differential mechanism in driving effect, the wheel effect connection of the differential mechanism and motor vehicle.If become Fast utensil has motor, then power assembly system can realize the multiple drive modes of motor vehicle.It is motor-driven in electric running operation Car is driven by the motor of speed changer.In with internal combustion engine operation, motor vehicle is driven by internal combustion engine.In combination drive operation, machine Motor-car not only drove by internal combustion engine but also by the motor of speed changer.
" permanently connected " refers to existing connection all the time between two elements.So permanently connected element is all the time with its turn Identical correlation rotation between speed.Switching device not can be set between the two elements permanently connected.Therefore, forever Connection is different from changeable connection.The connection that can not forever rotate against refers to that existing connection all the time is simultaneously between two elements And therefore the element of its connection has identical rotating speed all the time.
Term " closure switching device " is interpreted as following process in terms of gear is formed, in this process so manipulation switching Element so that the switching device transmits the torque of high numerical value in the ending of closing process.The sealed switching device of shape is in " closed form Do not allow speed discrepancy under state ", and wish in the switching device of force closure under " closure state " or be not intended to switch Less speed discrepancy is formed between element half.
Brief description of the drawings
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described in detail.Wherein：
Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic diagram of the speed changer of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the speed diagram of the speed changer；And
Fig. 3 shows the power assembly system of motor vehicle.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a kind of speed changer G of embodiment according to present invention schematic diagram.Speed changer G has a driving Axle GW1, a driven shaft GW2, a planet for including an a first planetary gearsets P1 and second planetary gearsets P2 Gear train system PS, a first spur gear group ST1 and a second spur gear group ST2.Planetary gearsets system PS with from Moving axis GW2 is coaxial, and the driven shaft is arranged to diameter parallel in drive shaft GW1.In addition, speed changer G has one first switching member Part B1, a second switching device B2, a 3rd switching device C1, a 4th switching device C3 and one the 5th switching Element C4.Spur gear group ST1, ST2 is designed for connecting the axle system of two diameter parallels.
Two planetary gearsets P1, P2 doubly mutually couple, that is, pass through the first planetary gearsets P1 gear ring and second The connection of planetary gearsets P2 sun gear and the connection between each planet carrier shaft of two planetary gearsets P1, P2.By Dual in described two planetary gearsets P1, P2 is coupled, and planetary gearsets system PS has four axles altogether, and this four axles are pressed The order of its rotating speed order is referred to as first axle W1, the second axle W2, the 3rd axle W3, the 4th axle W4.Here, the first planetary gearsets P1 sun gear is the part by the first axle W1 of rotating speed order.Second planetary gearsets P2 gear ring is by rotating speed order The second axle W2 part.The planet carrier shaft of interconnection is the part by the 3rd axle W3 of rotating speed order.Second Planetary gearsets P2 sun gear and the first planetary gearsets P1 connected gear ring are the 4th axles by rotating speed order W4 part.It is permanently connected by the 3rd axle W3 and driven shaft GW2 of rotating speed order.Planetary gearsets system PS construction should It is considered merely as exemplary, and can also be replaced by other dual planetary gearsets for coupling.Example to this is so-called drawing Prestige moves gear train or so-called Simpson-Satz.
It by closing the first switching device B1, can be fixed into by the second axle W2 of rotating speed order non-rotary, its mode is Axle W2 is connected with speed changer G non-rotary component.Non-rotary component can for example pass through speed changer G housing GG structures Into.By closing the second switching device B2, the first spur gear group ST1 spur gear coaxial with drive shaft GW1, which is fixed into, not to be revolved Turn.Here, the spur gear is embodied as free gear relative to drive shaft GW1.By by the second switching device B2 by this just Gear is fixed into non-rotary, and the first spur gear group ST1 is fixed to non-rotary, is thus connected with the first spur gear group Equally it is fixed to by the first axle W1 of rotating speed order non-rotary.By close the 3rd switching device C1, drive shaft GW1 with Connected by being produced between the 4th axle W4 of rotating speed order by the effect of the second spur gear group ST2 guiding.Cut by closure the 4th Element C3 is changed, in drive shaft GW1 and by the work produced between the first axle W1 of rotating speed order by the first spur gear group ST1 guiding With connection.By closing the 5th switching device C4, produced in drive shaft GW1 and by between the second axle W2 of rotating speed order by the The effect connection of two spur gear group ST2 guiding.First switching device B1 is arranged to and example coaxial with planetary gearsets system PS Such as realized as dental inlay switching device.Second switching device B2 and the 4th switching device C3 is arranged to coaxial simultaneously with drive shaft GW1 And exemplarily it is configured to the switching device of force closure.3rd switching device C1 and the 5th switching device C4 are arranged to and planet tooth Wheel set system PS is coaxially and schematically as the switching device realization of force closure.
Speed changer G has interface GW1A in end vertically, and the interface is used as and the driver element outside speed changer Functional interface.Driver element outside speed changer may, for example, be motor or internal combustion engine.Driven shaft GW2 has spur gear teeth portion GW2A, the spur gear teeth portion form the interface with unshowned axle differential.Between axle differential and driven shaft GW2 Additional jackshaft can be provided with, described two spur gear groups ST1, ST2 are axially arranged on interface GW1A and planetary gear Between system system PS plane.Driven shaft teeth portion GW2A and interface GW1A is arranged on the region of speed changer G same axial end portion In.
Described two spur gear groups ST1, ST2 have gearratio different from each other.Here, the first spur gear group ST1's sets Be set to tooth diameter that the spur gear coaxial with drive shaft GW1 have than the second spur gear group ST2 be arranged to it is same with drive shaft GW1 The tooth diameter of the spur gear of axle is small.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary speed diagram of planetary gearsets PS (being constructed with it unrelated).In the speed diagram, along vertical Direction shows planetary gearsets system PS four axles W1, W2, W3, W4 rotating speed.The distance between four axles W1, W2, W3, W4 Produced by the dead axle transmission ratio (Standgetriebe ü bersetzung) of described two planetary gearsets P1, P2.The figure is only For what is illustrated and be not drawn to.Belonging to the rotating ratio of a certain particular job point can be connected by straight line.In addition, in this turn Switching device B1, B2, C1, C3, C4 and its configuration relation with four axle W1 to W4, and thus possible gear are shown in fast figure Position is formed.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the power assembly system of motor vehicle.Internal combustion engine VKM by one separation clutch K0 and with change Fast device G drive shaft GW1 connections, wherein, motor EM and drive shaft GW1 is connected.This is considered merely as exemplary.Speed changer G, which can also be constructed, does not have motor EM.One or more torsions can also be provided between clutch K0 and internal combustion engine TS is separated Shock absorber.Power assembly system can also include fluid torque-converter, and the fluid torque-converter preferably may be provided separation clutch Between K0 and the first spur gear group ST1.Such torque-converters can also include a bridging clutch.Those skilled in the art are by root Arrangement and the locus of each element of power assembly system are freely configured according to the boundary condition of outside.Driven shaft GW2 is connected by spur gear teeth portion GW2A with differential mechanism AG, and the power being present on driven shaft GW2 can pass through the differential mechanism It is distributed on the unshowned driving wheel of motor vehicle.
Reference
G speed changers
GG housings
GW1 drive shafts
GW2 driven shafts
GW1A interfaces
GW2A spur gear teeth portion
ST1 the first spur gear groups
ST2 the second spur gear groups
W1 first axles
The axles of W2 second
The axles of W3 the 3rd
The axles of W4 the 4th
PS planetary gearsets systems
The planetary gearsets of P1 first
The planetary gearsets of P2 second
The switching devices of B1 first
The switching devices of B2 second
The switching devices of C1 the 3rd
The switching devices of C3 the 4th
The switching devices of C4 the 5th
VKM internal combustion engines
EM motors
AG differential mechanisms
TS torsional vibration dampers
T0 separates clutch

Claims (10)

1. for the speed changer (G) of motor vehicle, wherein, the speed changer (G) has drive shaft (GW1), driven shaft (GW2), first Spur gear group and the second spur gear group (ST1, ST2), have total of four axle (W1, W2, W3, W4) be arranged to diameter parallel in Planetary gearsets system (PS), the first switching device (B1), the second switching device (B2), the 3rd switching member of drive shaft (GW1) Part (C1), the 4th switching device (C3) and the 5th switching device (C4) and housing (GG),
--- the tooth diameter ratio for being arranged to the spur gear coaxial with drive shaft (GW1) and having of the first spur gear group (ST1) The tooth diameter for being arranged to the spur gear coaxial with drive shaft (GW1) of the second spur gear group (ST2) is small,
--- four axles of the planetary gearsets system (PS) are referred to as first axle (W1), second by the order of its rotating speed order Axle (W2), the 3rd axle (W3), the 4th axle (W4),
--- the driven shaft (GW2) and the 3rd axle (W3) for pressing rotating speed order are permanently connected,
--- by closing first switching device (B1), can be fixed into by the second axle (W2) of rotating speed order it is non-rotary,
--- by closing second switching device (B2), can be fixed into by the first axle (W1) of rotating speed order it is non-rotary,
--- by closing the 4th switching device (C3), drive shaft (GW1) with by rotating speed order first axle (W1) it Between can produce by the first spur gear group (ST1) guide effect connect,
--- by closing the 5th switching device (C4), drive shaft (GW1) with by rotating speed order the second axle (W2) it Between can produce by the second spur gear group (ST2) guide effect connect,
--- by closing the 3rd switching device (C1), drive shaft (GW1) with by rotating speed order the 4th axle (W4) it Between can produce by the second spur gear group (ST2) guide effect connect,
--- and described two spur gear groups (ST1, ST2) are axially arranged on speed changer (G) and the driving outside speed changer Between the functional interface (GW1A) of unit and the plane of the planetary gearsets system (PS),
Characterized in that, at least one switching device in each switching device (B1, B2, C1, C3, C4) is arranged to and driven Axle (GW1) coaxially, wherein, remaining switching device is arranged to coaxial with planetary gearsets system (PS).
2. speed changer (G) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second switching device (B2) and/or described Four switching devices (C3) are arranged to coaxial with drive shaft (GW1).
3. speed changer (G) according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the 3rd switching device (C1) and/or institute The 5th switching device (C4) is stated to be arranged to coaxial with planetary gearsets system (PS) and be axially arranged on planetary gear system Unite (PS) between the second spur gear group (ST2).
4. the speed changer (G) according to one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that first switching device (B1) is set Into with planetary gearsets system (PS) coaxially, wherein, the planetary gearsets system (PS) is axially arranged on the first switching device (B1) between one of described two spur gear groups (ST1, ST2).
5. the speed changer (G) according to one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that planetary gearsets system (PS) bag Two planetary gearsets (P1, P2) respectively with first element, second element and a third element are included, its In, the first element of first planetary gearsets (P1) is by the part of the first axle (W1) of rotating speed order described The third element of two planetary gearsets (P2) is by the part of the second axle (W2) of rotating speed order, described two planetary gears Second element of group (P1, P2) interconnects and is by the part of the 3rd axle (W3) of rotating speed order and described first First element of the third element of planetary gearsets (P1) and second planetary gearsets (P2) interconnects and is by rotating speed The part of 4th axle (W4) of order.
6. speed changer (G) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that second planetary gearsets (P2) radially set Put outside first planetary gearsets (P1).
7. the speed changer (G) according to one of the claims, it is characterised in that first switching device (B1) and/ Or the 3rd switching device (C1) is configured to the sealed switching device of shape or is configured to the friction switching device of force closure, this rubs The friction plate for wiping switching device only has the rubbing surface without liner.
8. the speed changer (G) according to one of the claims, it is characterised in that the speed changer (G) has including not revolving The stator and the motor (EM) of rotatable rotor turned, wherein, the rotor and drive shaft (GW1) are permanently connected or can be changeable Ground connects, and the permanently connected or changeable connecting structure between rotor and drive shaft (GW1) be connected to be direct or It is configured to indirectly connect in the case of setting fixed drive ratio in centre.
9. speed changer (G) according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the rotor be connected with following spur gear or It can connect, the spur gear is directly, by one or more idler gears or pass through a jackshaft and described two spur gears The spur gear effect connection of one of group (ST1, ST2).
10. for the power assembly system of motor vehicle, wherein, the power assembly system has internal combustion engine (VKM), wanted according to right Ask the speed changer (G) described in one of 1 to 9 and the differential mechanism (AG) being connected with vehicle wheels, the driving of the speed changer (G) Axle (GW1) is rotated by torsional vibration damper (TS) directly or through separation clutch (K0) with the internal combustion engine (VKM) Flexibly connect, and the driven shaft (GW2) of the speed changer (G) is connected with the differential mechanism (AG) in driving effect.
CN201710274166.6A 2016-04-29 2017-04-25 Speed changer for motor vehicle and the automotive drive train with such speed changer Pending CN107339388A (en)

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DE102016207445.8A DE102016207445A1 (en) 2016-04-29 2016-04-29 Transmission for a motor vehicle, and drive train for a motor vehicle with such a transmission
DE102016207445.8 2016-04-29

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DE102018001508B3 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-05-29 Daimler Ag Electric drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle

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CA2212922A1 (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-02-28 Dong Hoon Park Gear train for a four-speed automatic transmission used in vehicles
DE19737418A1 (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-05 Hyundai Motor Co Ltd Back gear for four-speed automatic transmission of vehicles
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CN104094019A (en) * 2012-02-06 2014-10-08 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 Multi-ratio transmission
CN104822969A (en) * 2012-11-21 2015-08-05 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 9-speed planetary gearbox
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Application publication date: 20171110