CN107332320B - Percutaneous wireless charging system and method with charging current self-adaptive adjusting function - Google Patents
Percutaneous wireless charging system and method with charging current self-adaptive adjusting function Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/378—Electrical supply
- A61N1/3787—Electrical supply from an external energy source
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/38—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for producing shock effects
- A61N1/39—Heart defibrillators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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Abstract
The invention relates to a percutaneous wireless charging system with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises an external charger arranged outside a human body and an internal implantation device arranged inside the human body, and is characterized in that the external charger comprises a charging transmitting coil, and the internal implantation device comprises a wireless charging receiving coil, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a detection control unit, a charging current control resistance network and a charging control switch tube; the detection control unit detects the voltage passing through the rectification filter circuit, and then controls the resistance value of the charging current control resistor and the switching degree of the charging control switch tube to control the size of the charging current. According to the scheme of the invention, on the premise of ensuring the temperature rise of the implant device within a safe range, the charging current is adaptively adjusted according to the difference of the energy received by the energy receiving coil at different alignment positions and charging distances, so that the received energy is maximally utilized to charge the battery, the charging process is stable, and the response of the adjusting process is fast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to medical instruments, in particular to a percutaneous wireless charging system with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function.
Background
Implantable medical devices are various, such as implantable cardiac pacemakers, cerebral pacemakers, nerve stimulators, muscle stimulators, electrocardiographs, and the like, and at present, the implantable medical devices all need a battery or a charging system to realize normal operation of the devices.
In current percutaneous wireless charging applications, metal titanium is commonly used as a housing for an active implantable device to enclose internal electronic circuitry, batteries, and the like. Metal casing, inside metal parts etc. can lead to implanting the device to have the problem of generating heat because eddy current effect when wireless charging, to this problem, most patent schemes and products on the market at present aim at monitoring implant device temperature and adjust external emission power size, and this kind of scheme is because heat-conduction's reason, and the reaction is slower, and is inefficient, has strict demand to the relative position and the distance of in vitro and internal and external device moreover. Meanwhile, the method for adjusting the in vitro emission parameters according to the parameters of the implanted device faces the problem of long response time of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of complex control strategy, slow response speed regulation and/or strict position requirements of devices inside and outside a human body of a percutaneous wireless charging system, the invention provides a percutaneous wireless charging system with a charging current self-adaptive regulation function, which comprises an external charger arranged outside the human body and an internal implantation device arranged inside the human body, and is characterized in that the external charger comprises a charging transmitting coil, and the internal implantation device comprises a wireless charging receiving coil, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a detection control unit, a charging current control resistor and a charging control switch tube; the detection control unit detects the voltage passing through the rectification filter circuit, and then controls the resistance value of the charging current control resistor and the switching degree of the charging control switch tube to control the size of the charging current.
Further, the charging current control resistor is a resistor network, the detection control unit comprises a microcontroller and a resistor network control unit, a detection end of the microcontroller is used for detecting the amplitude of the rectified voltage and sending a command to the resistor network control unit after operation, and the resistor network control unit selects a required resistance value in the resistor network according to the command.
Furthermore, the detection control unit further comprises a charging management chip, and the charging management chip controls the switching degree of the charging control switch tube according to the resistance value of the resistance network so as to control the magnitude of the charging current.
Furthermore, a filter capacitor and a voltage stabilizing circuit are connected to the rear of the rectifying and filtering circuit.
Furthermore, the charging transmitting coil transmits an electromagnetic field with fixed frequency and power, and different charging currents are controlled in the body according to the energy received by the charging receiving coil.
Further, the charging receiving coil is an air coil or a coil containing a high-permeability magnetic core or a coil with a surface coated with a high-permeability magnetic thin film.
Further, the charging receiving coil and the resonance capacitor are connected in parallel or in series to form a parallel or series resonance circuit.
The invention also discloses a percutaneous wireless charging method with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the external charger establishes communication with the internal implantation device;
s2: the external charger charges the electromagnetic field of transmitting coil transmission fixed frequency and power, the implantation device in vivo controls different charging currents according to the energy magnitude that the receiving coil of charging receives;
s3: if the in-vivo implanted device is fully charged, sending a full charge signal to the in-vitro charger, turning off the in-vivo implanted device, otherwise, performing step S2;
s4: the extracorporeal charger is turned off.
Further, before step S1, there is a step S0: both the extracorporeal charger and the intracorporeal implant device are initialized.
Further, step S2 further includes the steps of:
s21: detecting an implant device with a support model, if the implant device with the support model is detected, performing step S22, otherwise, adding 1 to the failure frequency, and continuing to step S1, wherein the failure frequency is not more than 5;
s22: the charging transmitting coil transmits energy, and the power is fixed to be P;
s23: sampling a filtering voltage;
s24: and adjusting the resistance value of the charging current control resistor according to the sampling filtering voltage to control the charging current.
According to the scheme of the invention, on the premise of ensuring that the temperature rise of the implant device is within a safe range, the charging current is adaptively adjusted according to the difference of the energy received by the energy receiving coil at different alignment positions and charging distances, so that the received energy is maximally utilized to charge the battery, the charging process is stable, and the response of the adjusting process is fast.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the inventive solution.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and its implementation method.
As shown in fig. 1, the charging device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a charging transmitting coil, a charging receiving coil, a rectifying circuit, a detection control unit, a charging current control resistor, and a charging control switching tube. The detection control unit detects the voltage passing through the rectification filter unit, and then controls the resistance value of the charging current control resistor and the switching degree of the charging control switch tube to control the size of the charging current. Wherein the transmitting coil is located outside the body and the other elements are located inside the body. The charging receiving coil can adopt an air core coil or a coil containing a magnetic core with high magnetic conductivity, or is combined with a magnetic film with high magnetic conductivity to reduce the electromagnetic interference of a charging electromagnetic field to a circuit in a body; the charging receiving coil can be connected in parallel or in series to match with a resonant capacitor to form a parallel resonance or series resonance loop so as to improve the coupling efficiency, and then rectification filtering output is carried out; the rectification filter circuit can adopt a full-bridge synchronous rectification technology to improve the rectification efficiency; the voltage stabilizing circuit can select LDO voltage stabilization, charge pump voltage doubling or DC/DC voltage stabilizer.
Preferably, the detection control unit comprises a microcontroller, a resistance network control unit and a charging management chip.
Preferably, a filter circuit (such as a filter capacitor) and a voltage stabilizing circuit can be connected behind the rectifying circuit.
The charging transmitting coil is used for transmitting electromagnetic waves, and the charging receiving coil is used for inducing the electromagnetic waves to generate current. The rear part of the charging receiving coil is sequentially connected with a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit and is used for rectifying, filtering and stabilizing current. The voltage output by the voltage stabilizing circuit is applied to the charging current control resistor and is connected with the rechargeable battery and the internal load circuit through the charging control switch tube.
The detection end of the microcontroller is connected between the filter circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit and used for detecting the amplitude of the filtered voltage. The command output end is connected with the resistance network control unit and used for sending commands to the resistance network control unit. And the resistance network control unit selects a required resistance value in the resistance network according to the command.
The charging management chip controls the switching degree of the charging control switch tube according to the resistance value of the resistance network so as to control the magnitude of the charging current. And further, the filtering voltage is controlled to be close to a fixed voltage value, so that the received energy is used for charging the rechargeable battery as much as possible.
The external transmitting unit transmits an electromagnetic field with fixed frequency and power, and the internal charging unit controls different charging currents according to the energy received by the charging receiving coil.
The relationship between the eddy current loss and the temperature rise of the metal medium of the implant device and the intensity of the charging electromagnetic field can be measured by experiments, so that the maximum electromagnetic field intensity (namely the transmitting power) of the implant device in a safe temperature rise range can be given. On the basis, the frequency and the power of a transmitting electromagnetic field are fixed by the external transmitting unit, and different charging currents are controlled in the body according to the energy received by the charging receiving coil.
The invention also provides a percutaneous wireless charging method with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function, which is applied to the system and specifically comprises the following steps:
s0: the external charger and the internal implantation device are initialized, the initialization process mainly comprises the steps that the external charger is powered on, a communication request is initiated after the program self-checking equipment state is qualified, and the internal charging control function is started after the internal implantation device and the external charger establish communication.
S1: the external charger establishes communication with the internal implanted device, wherein the communication is wireless communication and mainly comprises conventional near field NFC communication, radio frequency communication and Bluetooth communication.
S2: the external charger charges the electromagnetic field of transmitting coil transmission fixed frequency and power, and the implantation device in vivo controls different charging currents according to the energy size that the receiving coil of charging received.
The step S2 further includes the steps of:
s21: detecting an implant device with a support model, if the implant device with the support model is detected, performing step S22, otherwise, adding 1 to the failure frequency, and continuing to step S1, wherein the failure frequency is not more than 5;
s22: the charging transmitting coil transmits energy, and the power is fixed to be P; the fixed transmitting power of the external charging transmitting coil is unchanged, when the internal charging receiving coil is different in alignment, the received energy can be different, the difference is reflected that the amplitude of the filtering voltage after internal rectification is different, and when the amplitude of the filtering voltage is high, the received energy is more.
S23, sampling the filtered voltage Vo by the microcontroller, calculating alpha Vo-Vref, Vref is the desired filtered voltage reference value, α is the deviation of the sampled filtered voltage Vo and the reference voltage Vref,
s24: adjusting the resistance value of the resistor network according to the sampling filtering voltage Vo; Δ R ═ f (α), f is a PID control algorithm commonly used in the industry, and the specific control parameters, the proportional part P, the integral part I, and the derivative part D, are adjusted according to the response of the actual system.
The filtering voltage amplitude is fed back to the microcontroller unit in vivo, compared with the reference voltage, and after arithmetic operation of the microcontroller unit, a command is output to the resistance network control unit to control the resistance network (or replace with a digital potentiometer) to select a required resistance value. The resistance value is used as an induction (Sense) resistor of the control circuit, the control circuit collects the voltage drop on the induction (Sense) resistor to judge the current of the charging loop, and if the charging current is larger than the set value, the conduction degree of the switch tube is reduced to reduce the charging current until the current reaches the set value. The charge management chip (commercial IC) controls the magnitude of the charging current by controlling the degree of switching of the charge control switching tube according to the resistance value.
Finally, the filter voltage is controlled to be around a fixed voltage value to maximize the amount of energy received to charge the rechargeable battery.
S3: if the in-vivo implanted device is fully charged, sending a full charge signal to the in-vitro charger, turning off the in-vivo implanted device, otherwise, performing step S2;
s4: the extracorporeal charger is turned off. When the external charger receives the full-charge signal sent by the internal implantation device, the external charger is closed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A percutaneous wireless charging system with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function comprises an external charger arranged outside a human body and an internal implantation device arranged inside the human body, and is characterized in that the external charger comprises a charging transmitting coil, and the internal implantation device comprises a wireless charging receiving coil, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a detection control unit, a charging current control resistor and a charging control switch tube; the detection control unit detects the voltage passing through the rectification filter circuit, controls the resistance value of the charging current control resistor by sampling the deviation value of the filter voltage and the reference voltage, controls the switching degree of the charging control switch tube according to the resistance value to control the size of the charging current, and further controls the filter voltage to be at a fixed value.
2. The wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging current control resistor is a resistor network, the detection control unit comprises a microcontroller and a resistor network control unit, a detection end of the microcontroller is used for detecting the amplitude of the rectified voltage and sending a command to the resistor network control unit after operation, and the resistor network control unit selects a required resistance value in the resistor network according to the command.
3. The wireless charging system of claim 2, wherein the detection control unit further comprises a charging management chip, and the charging management chip controls the switching degree of the charging control switch tube according to the resistance value of the resistor network to control the magnitude of the charging current.
4. The wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein a filter capacitor and a voltage regulator circuit are connected behind the rectifying and filtering circuit.
5. The wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging transmitter coil transmits an electromagnetic field of fixed frequency and power, and the charging current is controlled differently in the body according to the amount of energy received by the charging receiver coil.
6. The wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging receiving coil is an air coil or a coil containing a high-permeability magnetic core or a coil whose surface is coated with a high-permeability magnetic thin film.
7. The wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging receiving coil is connected in parallel or in series with a resonant capacitor to form a parallel or series resonant circuit.
8. A percutaneous wireless charging method with a charging current self-adaptive adjusting function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the extracorporeal charger establishes communication with the intracorporeal implant device and goes to S2;
s2: the external charger is provided with a charging transmitting coil to transmit an electromagnetic field with fixed frequency and power, the internal implantation device receives energy through a charging receiving coil, a rectifying and filtering circuit is used for obtaining filtering voltage, the resistance value of a charging current control resistor is controlled by sampling the deviation value of the filtering voltage and reference voltage, the switching degree of a charging control switch tube is controlled according to the resistance value to control the size of the charging current, and then the filtering voltage is controlled at a fixed value;
s3: sending a full electric signal to the external charger, turning off the internal implantation device and going to step S4;
s4: the extracorporeal charger is turned off.
9. The transcutaneous wireless charging method of claim 8, wherein before step S1, there is a step S0 of: both the extracorporeal charger and the intracorporeal implant device are initialized.
10. The transcutaneous wireless charging method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step S2 further comprises the steps of:
s21: judging whether the implant device supporting the model is detected, if the implant device supporting the model is detected, turning to the step S22, otherwise, adding 1 to the failure times; if the failure times are not larger than a certain value, go to step S1, otherwise go to step S4;
s22: the charging transmitting coil transmits energy, the power is fixed to be P, and the step S23 is carried out;
s23: sampling the filtered voltage, and turning to step S24;
s24: adjusting the resistance value of the charging current control resistor according to the sampling filtering voltage to control the charging current, and turning to step S25;
s25, judging whether the body implantation device is fully charged, if so, going to step S3, otherwise, going to step S22.
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| CN109950941B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-11-10 | 清华大学 | Charging method of implanted equipment and wireless energy transmission device |
| CN109143029B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for automatic traversal test of active implantable medical instrument |
| CN109638444B (en) | 2019-01-03 | 2024-02-02 | 西交利物浦大学 | Annular antenna applied to wireless charging of implantable cardiac pacemaker |
| CN109921494B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-04-27 | 北京品驰医疗设备有限公司 | Implanted medical device and charging control method thereof |
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| CN101917070A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-12-15 | 罗倩倩 | Embedded medical power supply circuit |
| CN102157989A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-08-17 | 东南大学 | Closed loop wireless energy supply system for implantable medical electronic device |
| CN103595144A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Implantable left-ventricle auxiliary system in wireless electric energy transmission |
| CN103748763A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-04-23 | 爱飞纽医疗机械贸易有限公司 | Implantable medical device and power controlling method thereof |
| CN204706961U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-14 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device and element of rail toy car |
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| US9209634B2 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-12-08 | Greatbatch Ltd. | Method of improving battery recharge efficiency by statistical analysis |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101917070A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-12-15 | 罗倩倩 | Embedded medical power supply circuit |
| CN102157989A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-08-17 | 东南大学 | Closed loop wireless energy supply system for implantable medical electronic device |
| CN103748763A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-04-23 | 爱飞纽医疗机械贸易有限公司 | Implantable medical device and power controlling method thereof |
| CN103595144A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Implantable left-ventricle auxiliary system in wireless electric energy transmission |
| CN204706961U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-14 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device and element of rail toy car |
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