CN107331468A - 一种电力电缆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种电力电缆,包括有电缆主体和间隔夹,所述间隔夹卡持在电缆主体上,所述间隔夹包括有两片隔离片,所述两片隔离片之间采用螺栓连接,所述间隔夹与电缆主体之间设置有套筒,所述电缆主体设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层、铠装层、阻燃层、绝缘屏蔽层、绝缘层、导体屏蔽层和导体,所述绝缘层内部设置有一条以上的加强筋;该电力电缆设计简单、安全性高、强度高和防变形。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电力电缆。
背景技术
电力电缆是一种用于传输和分配电能的电缆,在通信、民用等各行各业有着广泛的应用,一般市场上销售的电力电缆绝缘材料采用普通PVC,外部强度性能差,当承载大电流、高电压的工作时,外部绝缘层容易发生变形,甚至击穿,绝缘性能受到影响,长时间工作后可能影响电力传输效果,甚至发生安全事故,特别是电缆一般都埋于土中,在道路整修或重新施工时极易遭受挖掘机等机械外力的破坏或老鼠等地下动物的破坏。
在输送电行业,输电电缆应用广泛,目前,电力电缆具有绝缘性能和一定的抗腐蚀能力,能够有效避免相间短路及接地事故,在配电网中已被广泛应用。现有的电力电缆一般采用芯线外面包覆绝缘层的结构,长时间使用绝缘层易发生老化,导致电缆的绝缘性能降低,发生漏电、短路等现象,安全性能差,电缆的使用寿命短的问题。
众所周知,电缆隧道、电缆沟、电缆夹层、电缆竖井等是电力电缆十分密集区域,电缆相互叠加挤压在一起,由于电力电缆的载流量与电缆运行的环境温度有很大的影响,电缆在高负荷大的电流运行工况下会发热,所以叠加挤压在一起的时温度往往会较高,这不但极大影响了电力电缆的载流量,同时也存在电缆发生火灾的隐患,严重影响了电力电缆安全稳定运行;另外,对一些年久锈蚀脱落绝缘保护层的电缆由于其交叉叠压在一起,也无法进行停电整改。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种设计简单、安全性高、强度高和防变形的电力电缆。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种电力电缆,包括有电缆主体和间隔夹,所述间隔夹卡持在电缆主体上,所述间隔夹包括有两片隔离片,所述两片隔离片之间采用螺栓连接,所述间隔夹与电缆主体之间设置有套筒,所述电缆主体设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层、铠装层、阻燃层、绝缘屏蔽层、绝缘层、导体屏蔽层和导体,所述绝缘层内部设置有一条以上的加强筋,所述铠装层由按重量份数配比的铬20-22份、铜20-24份、桃胶18-20份、碳酸钙22-24份、正丁醇16-18份、二甲苯12-14份、呋喃树脂20-22份、碳酸氢镁10-14份、二苯醚12-16份、聚苯乙烯10-14份、丁烯酸甲酯16-18份、乙酸甲酯16-20份、正戊醇12-14份、二氧化硅18-20份和硫酸钙16-18份制成。
进一步的,所述外保护层与铠装层之间设置有荧光层,当电缆磨损严重时,夜晚会看见荧光,可以及时修复电缆,提高安全性。
进一步的,所述外保护层表面设置有刻度,方便计算电缆的长度。
进一步的,所述外保护层表面涂有防水膜,防止电缆受到雨水的腐蚀。
进一步的,所述绝缘层与绝缘屏蔽层为一体化设置,使电缆的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
进一步的,所述套筒内环表面设置有防滑纹,提高了套筒与外保护层的摩擦力,使套筒更加稳固地卡持在电缆主体上。
进一步的,所述套筒与间隔夹为一体化设置,使间隔夹的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
铠装层的制造方法,包括有以下步骤:
1)取碳酸钙22-24份送入气流粉碎机中,制成粒径为200nm-300nm的颗粒;
2)向步骤1)中添加桃胶18-20份,送入加热器中加热至600-800℃,持续2-3小时,备用;
3)取正丁醇16-18份、二甲苯12-14份和呋喃树脂20-22份送入高速搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,再送入反应釜中,温度由80℃逐渐升至120℃,升温速率为5℃/min,到达120℃时保温1小时,备用;
4)取碳酸氢镁10-14份、二苯醚12-16份和聚苯乙烯10-14份送入搅拌机中搅拌均匀,送入加热器中,温度升至60-80℃,持续20-30min,备用;
5)将步骤2)、步骤3)和步骤4)中制得的原料混合,送入80-100℃的反应釜中,持续1-2小时,备用;
6)取丁烯酸甲酯16-18份、乙酸甲酯16-20份、正戊醇12-14份、二氧化硅18-20份和硫酸钙16-18份送入搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,备用;
7)取铬20-22份和铜20-24份,送入熔融炉中,温度升至1000-1200℃,持续1-2小时,再添加步骤5)和步骤6)制得的材料,温度升至1300-1400℃,持续1小时,制得熔融物;
8)将上述熔融物注入模中浇注养护12小时脱模,再常温养护五天,即可制得铠装层。
本发明的有益效果是:该电力电缆设计简单,通过设置有间隔夹,操作简单,提高了输电安全性;通过设置有铠装层,提高了电缆的强度和防变形能力;通过在绝缘层里设置有一条以上的加强筋,进一步提高了电缆的强度和防变形能力;阻燃层的设置能防止电缆起火燃烧,提高了电缆的安全性。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种电力电缆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
参照图1所示,一种电力电缆,包括有电缆主体2和间隔夹1,所述间隔夹1卡持在电缆主体2上,所述间隔夹1包括有两片隔离片3,所述两片隔离片3之间采用螺栓4连接,所述间隔夹1与电缆主体2之间设置有套筒5,所述电缆主体2设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层6、铠装层7、阻燃层8、绝缘屏蔽层9、绝缘层10、导体屏蔽层13和导体12,所述绝缘层10内部设置有一条以上的加强筋11,所述铠装层7由按重量份数配比的铬20份、铜24份、桃胶20份、碳酸钙24份、正丁醇18份、二甲苯14份、呋喃树脂22份、碳酸氢镁14份、二苯醚16份、聚苯乙烯14份、丁烯酸甲酯18份、乙酸甲酯20份、正戊醇14份、二氧化硅20份和硫酸钙18份制成。
所述外保护层6与铠装层7之间设置有荧光层(未图示),当电缆磨损严重时,夜晚会看见荧光,可以及时修复电缆,提高安全性。
所述外保护层6表面设置有刻度(未图示),方便计算电缆的长度。
所述外保护层6表面涂有防水膜(未图示),防止电缆受到雨水的腐蚀。
所述绝缘层10与绝缘屏蔽层9为一体化设置,使电缆的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
所述套筒5内环表面设置有防滑纹(未图示),提高了套筒5与外保护层6的摩擦力,使套筒5更加稳固地卡持在电缆主体上。
所述套筒5与间隔夹1为一体化设置,使间隔夹1的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
铠装层7的制造方法,包括有以下步骤:
1)取碳酸钙24份送入气流粉碎机中,制成粒径为200nm-300nm的颗粒;
2)向步骤1)中添加桃胶20份,送入加热器中加热至600-800℃,持续2-3小时,备用;
3)取正丁醇18份、二甲苯14份和呋喃树脂22份送入高速搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,再送入反应釜中,温度由80℃逐渐升至120℃,升温速率为5℃/min,到达120℃时保温1小时,备用;
4)取碳酸氢镁14份、二苯醚16份和聚苯乙烯14份送入搅拌机中搅拌均匀,送入加热器中,温度升至60-80℃,持续20-30min,备用;
5)将步骤2)、步骤3)和步骤4)中制得的原料混合,送入80-100℃的反应釜中,持续1-2小时,备用;
6)取丁烯酸甲酯18份、乙酸甲酯20份、正戊醇14份、二氧化硅20份和硫酸钙18份送入搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,备用;
7)取铬20份和铜24份,送入熔融炉中,温度升至1000-1200℃,持续1-2小时,再添加步骤5)和步骤6)制得的材料,温度升至1300-1400℃,持续1小时,制得熔融物;
8)将上述熔融物注入模中浇注养护12小时脱模,再常温养护五天,即可制得铠装层7。
实施例二
参照图1所示,一种电力电缆,包括有电缆主体2和间隔夹1,所述间隔夹1卡持在电缆主体2上,所述间隔夹1包括有两片隔离片3,所述两片隔离片3之间采用螺栓4连接,所述间隔夹1与电缆主体2之间设置有套筒5,所述电缆主体2设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层6、铠装层7、阻燃层8、绝缘屏蔽层9、绝缘层10、导体屏蔽层13和导体12,所述绝缘层10内部设置有一条以上的加强筋11,所述铠装层7由按重量份数配比的铬21份、铜22份、桃胶19份、碳酸钙23份、正丁醇17份、二甲苯13份、呋喃树脂21份、碳酸氢镁12份、二苯醚14份、聚苯乙烯12份、丁烯酸甲酯17份、乙酸甲酯18份、正戊醇13份、二氧化硅19份和硫酸钙17份制成。
所述外保护层6与铠装层7之间设置有荧光层(未图示),当电缆磨损严重时,夜晚会看见荧光,可以及时修复电缆,提高安全性。
所述外保护层6表面设置有刻度(未图示),方便计算电缆的长度。
所述外保护层6表面涂有防水膜(未图示),防止电缆受到雨水的腐蚀。
所述绝缘层10与绝缘屏蔽层9为一体化设置,使电缆的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
所述套筒5内环表面设置有防滑纹(未图示),提高了套筒5与外保护层6的摩擦力,使套筒5更加稳固地卡持在电缆主体上。
所述套筒5与间隔夹1为一体化设置,使间隔夹1的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
铠装层7的制造方法,包括有以下步骤:
1)取碳酸钙23份送入气流粉碎机中,制成粒径为200nm-300nm的颗粒;
2)向步骤1)中添加桃胶19份,送入加热器中加热至600-800℃,持续2-3小时,备用;
3)取正丁醇17份、二甲苯13份和呋喃树脂21份送入高速搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,再送入反应釜中,温度由80℃逐渐升至120℃,升温速率为5℃/min,到达120℃时保温1小时,备用;
4)取碳酸氢镁12份、二苯醚14份和聚苯乙烯12份送入搅拌机中搅拌均匀,送入加热器中,温度升至60-80℃,持续20-30min,备用;
5)将步骤2)、步骤3)和步骤4)中制得的原料混合,送入80-100℃的反应釜中,持续1-2小时,备用;
6)取丁烯酸甲酯17份、乙酸甲酯18份、正戊醇13份、二氧化硅19份和硫酸钙17份送入搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,备用;
7)取铬21份和铜22份,送入熔融炉中,温度升至1000-1200℃,持续1-2小时,再添加步骤5)和步骤6)制得的材料,温度升至1300-1400℃,持续1小时,制得熔融物;
8)将上述熔融物注入模中浇注养护12小时脱模,再常温养护五天,即可制得铠装层7。
实施例三
参照图1所示,一种电力电缆,包括有电缆主体2和间隔夹1,所述间隔夹1卡持在电缆主体2上,所述间隔夹1包括有两片隔离片3,所述两片隔离片3之间采用螺栓4连接,所述间隔夹1与电缆主体2之间设置有套筒5,所述电缆主体2设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层6、铠装层7、阻燃层8、绝缘屏蔽层9、绝缘层10、导体屏蔽层13和导体12,所述绝缘层10内部设置有一条以上的加强筋11,所述铠装层7由按重量份数配比的铬22份、铜20份、桃胶18份、碳酸钙22份、正丁醇16份、二甲苯12份、呋喃树脂20份、碳酸氢镁10份、二苯醚12份、聚苯乙烯10份、丁烯酸甲酯16份、乙酸甲酯16份、正戊醇12份、二氧化硅18份和硫酸钙16份制成。
所述外保护层6与铠装层7之间设置有荧光层(未图示),当电缆磨损严重时,夜晚会看见荧光,可以及时修复电缆,提高安全性。
所述外保护层6表面设置有刻度(未图示),方便计算电缆的长度。
所述外保护层6表面涂有防水膜(未图示),防止电缆受到雨水的腐蚀。
所述绝缘层10与绝缘屏蔽层9为一体化设置,使电缆的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
所述套筒5内环表面设置有防滑纹(未图示),提高了套筒5与外保护层6的摩擦力,使套筒5更加稳固地卡持在电缆主体上。
所述套筒5与间隔夹1为一体化设置,使间隔夹1的结构更加紧凑和稳固。
铠装层7的制造方法,包括有以下步骤:
1)取碳酸钙22份送入气流粉碎机中,制成粒径为200nm-300nm的颗粒;
2)向步骤1)中添加桃胶18份,送入加热器中加热至600-800℃,持续2-3小时,备用;
3)取正丁醇16份、二甲苯12份和呋喃树脂20份送入高速搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,再送入反应釜中,温度由80℃逐渐升至120℃,升温速率为5℃/min,到达120℃时保温1小时,备用;
4)取碳酸氢镁10份、二苯醚12份和聚苯乙烯10份送入搅拌机中搅拌均匀,送入加热器中,温度升至60-80℃,持续20-30min,备用;
5)将步骤2)、步骤3)和步骤4)中制得的原料混合,送入80-100℃的反应釜中,持续1-2小时,备用;
6)取丁烯酸甲酯16份、乙酸甲酯16份、正戊醇12份、二氧化硅18份和硫酸钙16份送入搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,备用;
7)取铬22份和铜20份,送入熔融炉中,温度升至1000-1200℃,持续1-2小时,再添加步骤5)和步骤6)制得的材料,温度升至1300-1400℃,持续1小时,制得熔融物;
8)将上述熔融物注入模中浇注养护12小时脱模,再常温养护五天,即可制得铠装层7。
实验例
选用本发明的电力电缆和普通的电力电缆,分为实验组和普通组,观察两组电力电缆使用六个月后的状况。
对比结果见下表:
由此可见,本发明的电力电缆强度高、防变形能力强和安全度高,与普通的电力电缆相比,性能上有显著提升。
本发明的有益效果是:该电力电缆设计简单,通过设置有间隔夹,操作简单,提高了输电安全性;通过设置有铠装层,提高了电缆的强度和防变形能力;通过在绝缘层里设置有一条以上的加强筋,进一步提高了电缆的强度和防变形能力;阻燃层的设置能防止电缆起火燃烧,提高了电缆的安全性。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种电力电缆,其特征在于:包括有电缆主体和间隔夹,所述间隔夹卡持在电缆主体上,所述间隔夹包括有两片隔离片,所述两片隔离片之间采用螺栓连接,所述间隔夹与电缆主体之间设置有套筒,所述电缆主体设置有七层,由外到内分别是外保护层、铠装层、阻燃层、绝缘屏蔽层、绝缘层、导体屏蔽层和导体,所述绝缘层内部设置有一条以上的加强筋,所述铠装层由按重量份数配比的铬20份、铜24份、桃胶20份、碳酸钙24份、正丁醇18份、二甲苯14份、呋喃树脂22份、碳酸氢镁14份、二苯醚16份、聚苯乙烯14份、丁烯酸甲酯18份、乙酸甲酯20份、正戊醇14份、二氧化硅20份和硫酸钙18份制成,所述铠装层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)取碳酸钙24份送入气流粉碎机中,制成粒径为200nm-300nm的颗粒;
2)向步骤1)中添加桃胶20份,送入加热器中加热至600-800℃,持续2-3小时,备用;
3)取正丁醇18份、二甲苯14份和呋喃树脂22份送入高速搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,再送入反应釜中,温度由80℃逐渐升至120℃,升温速率为5℃/min,到达120℃时保温1小时,备用;
4)取碳酸氢镁14份、二苯醚16份和聚苯乙烯14份送入搅拌机中搅拌均匀,送入加热器中,温度升至60-80℃,持续20-30min,备用;
5)将步骤2)、步骤3)和步骤4)中制得的原料混合,送入80-100℃的反应釜中,持续1-2小时,备用;
6)取丁烯酸甲酯18份、乙酸甲酯20份、正戊醇14份、二氧化硅20份和硫酸钙18份送入搅拌机中,搅拌均匀,备用;
7)取铬20份和铜24份,送入熔融炉中,温度升至1000-1200℃,持续1-2小时,再添加步骤5)和步骤6)制得的材料,温度升至1300-1400℃,持续1小时,制得熔融物;
8)将上述熔融物注入模中浇注养护12小时脱模,再常温养护五天,即可制得铠装层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述外保护层与铠装层之间设置有荧光层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述外保护层表面设置有刻度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述外保护层表面涂有防水膜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述绝缘层与绝缘屏蔽层为一体化设置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述套筒内环表面设置有防滑纹。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电力电缆,其特征在于:所述套筒与间隔夹为一体化设置。
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CN101633766A (zh) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-01-27 | 上海凯波特种电缆料厂有限公司 | 超高压电缆护套用环保型阻燃半导电pvc护套料 |
CN201853530U (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-06-01 | 安徽华通电缆集团有限公司 | 一种耐火电力电缆 |
CN104676120A (zh) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-03 | 国家电网公司 | 电力电缆间隔夹 |
CN105304195A (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-03 | 李聪 | 一种耐用安全电缆 |
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CN105976901A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
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