CN107324838A - 一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107324838A
CN107324838A CN201710615485.9A CN201710615485A CN107324838A CN 107324838 A CN107324838 A CN 107324838A CN 201710615485 A CN201710615485 A CN 201710615485A CN 107324838 A CN107324838 A CN 107324838A
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王虎
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Hefei Ming Yu High Temperature Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法,涉及耐火材料领域,高温耐火材料包括以下重量份的原料:钙长石、六铝酸钙、白刚玉、棕刚玉、钙钛矿、高岭土、气凝胶、镁铝尖晶石、纳米碳化硅、漂珠、高铝矾土和炭黑造孔剂;制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)称取原料;(2)混合并成型;(3)干燥;(4)煅烧。本发明高温耐火材料的生产工艺简单,制得的高温耐火材料具有导热系数低、在高温还原性气氛下的稳定性好、抗碱侵蚀能力、抗渣侵蚀能力好、强度高、寿命长、成本低和节能效率高的优点。

Description

一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域,具体涉及一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐火材料种类繁多,通常按耐火度高低分为普通耐火材料、高级耐火材料和特级耐火材料;按化学特性分为酸性耐火材料、中性耐火材料和碱性耐火材料。此外,还有用于特殊场合的耐火材料;目前耐火材料泛指应用于冶金、石化、水泥、陶瓷等生产设备内衬的无机非金属材料,随着耐火材料在各行各业中的广泛应用,以及需求量的不断增大,简单的生产工艺,降低成本,提高生产产量是目前该行业需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高温耐火材料及其制备方法,高温耐火材料的生产工艺简单,制得的高温耐火材料具有导热系数低、在高温还原性气氛下的稳定性好、抗碱侵蚀能力、抗渣侵蚀能力好、强度高、寿命长、成本低和节能效率高的优点。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
一种高温耐火材料,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石28-30份、六铝酸钙49-50份、白刚玉6-8份、棕刚玉6-7份、钙钛矿7-9份、高岭土5-9份、气凝胶5-7份、镁铝尖晶石7-8份、纳米碳化硅3-4份、漂珠6-9份、高铝矾土6-8份和炭黑造孔剂3-4份。
原料中添加了纳米碳化硅,纳米碳化硅具有耐高温、强度高、抗冲击性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了高岭土,高岭土具有化学稳定性好、粘结性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了漂珠,漂珠具有颗粒细、中空、质轻、强度高、耐高温、保温和耐火的优点。
原料中添加了气凝胶,气凝胶具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性好和防火的优点。
原料中添加了镁铝尖晶石,镁铝尖晶石具有抗腐蚀性好、耐高温性好和耐火性好的特点。
优选地,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石29份、六铝酸钙49.5份、白刚玉7份、棕刚玉6.5份、钙钛矿8份、高岭土7份、气凝胶6份、镁铝尖晶石7.5份、纳米碳化硅3.5份、漂珠7.5份、高铝矾土7份和炭黑造孔剂3.5份。
优选地,所述白刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥99.1wt.%,K2O和Na2O的含量≤0.3wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,磁性物的含量≤0.05wt.%,SiO2的含量≤0.04wt.%;所述白刚玉的颗粒直径为0.1-4mm,所述白刚玉的真密度≥3.5g/cm3。
优选地,所述棕刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥95wt.%,SiO2的含量≤1wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,TiO2的含量≤3.1%;所述棕刚玉的颗粒直径为4-5mm,所述棕刚玉的真密度≥3.9g/cm。
优选地,所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-5份的膨胀石墨,膨胀石墨是由天然石墨鳞片经插层、水洗、干燥、高温膨化得到的疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,膨胀石墨柔韧性好、可塑性好、抗高温性好、耐火性好、抗低温性好、抗腐蚀性好、抗辐射性好和抗老化性好的优点。
优选地,所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-6份的纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有良好的分散性、稳定性、阻燃性和耐候性。
优选地,所述纳米二氧化钛为金红石型纳米二氧化钛。
一种高温耐火材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照高温耐火材料原料的重量份数称取原料;
(2)将原料混合均匀并成型,得到高温耐火材料生坯;
(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥;
(4)对干燥后的复合高温耐火材料生坯进行煅烧,得到所述复合高温耐火材料。
优选地,所述步骤(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥的步骤为将生坯自然干燥12-20h,然后将生坯在50℃-100℃的烘干窑中进行烘干,有利于制备高品质的高温耐火材料。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明高温耐火材料的生产工艺简单,制得的高温耐火材料具有导热系数低、在高温还原性气氛下的稳定性好、抗碱侵蚀能力、抗渣侵蚀能力好、强度高、寿命长、成本低和节能效率高的优点。
2、本发明的原料中添加了纳米碳化硅,纳米碳化硅具有耐高温、强度高、抗冲击性好和耐火性好的优点。
3、本发明的原料中添加了高岭土,高岭土具有化学稳定性好、粘结性好和耐火性好的优点。
4、本发明的原料中添加了漂珠,漂珠具有颗粒细、中空、质轻、强度高、耐高温、保温和耐火的优点。
5、本发明的原料中添加了气凝胶,气凝胶具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性好和防火的优点。
6、本发明的原料中添加了镁铝尖晶石,镁铝尖晶石具有抗腐蚀性好、耐高温性好和耐火性好的特点。
7、本发明中所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-5份的膨胀石墨,膨胀石墨是由天然石墨鳞片经插层、水洗、干燥、高温膨化得到的疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,膨胀石墨柔韧性好、可塑性好、抗高温性好、耐火性好、抗低温性好、抗腐蚀性好、抗辐射性好和抗老化性好的优点。
8、本发明中所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-6份的纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有良好的分散性、稳定性、阻燃性和耐候性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高温耐火材料,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石29份、六铝酸钙49.5份、白刚玉7份、棕刚玉6.5份、钙钛矿8份、高岭土7份、气凝胶6份、镁铝尖晶石7.5份、纳米碳化硅3.5份、漂珠7.5份、高铝矾土7份和炭黑造孔剂3.5份。
原料中添加了纳米碳化硅,纳米碳化硅具有耐高温、强度高、抗冲击性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了高岭土,高岭土具有化学稳定性好、粘结性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了漂珠,漂珠具有颗粒细、中空、质轻、强度高、耐高温、保温和耐火的优点。
原料中添加了气凝胶,气凝胶具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性好和防火的优点。
原料中添加了镁铝尖晶石,镁铝尖晶石具有抗腐蚀性好、耐高温性好和耐火性好的特点。
白刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥99.1wt.%,K2O和Na2O的含量≤0.3wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,磁性物的含量≤0.05wt.%,SiO2的含量≤0.04wt.%;所述白刚玉的颗粒直径为0.1-4mm,所述白刚玉的真密度≥3.5g/cm3。
棕刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥95wt.%,SiO2的含量≤1wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,TiO2的含量≤3.1%;所述棕刚玉的颗粒直径为4-5mm,所述棕刚玉的真密度≥3.9g/cm。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4.5份的膨胀石墨,膨胀石墨是由天然石墨鳞片经插层、水洗、干燥、高温膨化得到的疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,膨胀石墨柔韧性好、可塑性好、抗高温性好、耐火性好、抗低温性好、抗腐蚀性好、抗辐射性好和抗老化性好的优点。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为5份的纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有良好的分散性、稳定性、阻燃性和耐候性。
纳米二氧化钛为金红石型纳米二氧化钛。
一种高温耐火材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照高温耐火材料原料的重量份数称取原料;
(2)将原料混合均匀并成型,得到高温耐火材料生坯;
(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥;
(4)对干燥后的复合高温耐火材料生坯进行煅烧,得到所述复合高温耐火材料。
步骤(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥的步骤为将生坯自然干燥12-20h,然后将生坯在50℃-100℃的烘干窑中进行烘干,有利于制备高品质的高温耐火材料。
该高温耐火材料的体积密度为1.75g/cm3,重烧线变化率为0.3%,耐压强度为145MPa,耐火度为1630℃,800℃的热导率为0.31W/m.k。
实施例2
一种高温耐火材料,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石28份、六铝酸钙49份、白刚玉6份、棕刚玉6份、钙钛矿7份、高岭土5份、气凝胶5份、镁铝尖晶石7份、纳米碳化硅3份、漂珠6份、高铝矾土6份和炭黑造孔剂3份。
原料中添加了纳米碳化硅,纳米碳化硅具有耐高温、强度高、抗冲击性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了高岭土,高岭土具有化学稳定性好、粘结性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了漂珠,漂珠具有颗粒细、中空、质轻、强度高、耐高温、保温和耐火的优点。
原料中添加了气凝胶,气凝胶具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性好和防火的优点。
原料中添加了镁铝尖晶石,镁铝尖晶石具有抗腐蚀性好、耐高温性好和耐火性好的特点。
白刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥99.1wt.%,K2O和Na2O的含量≤0.3wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,磁性物的含量≤0.05wt.%,SiO2的含量≤0.04wt.%;所述白刚玉的颗粒直径为0.1-4mm,所述白刚玉的真密度≥3.5g/cm3。
棕刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥95wt.%,SiO2的含量≤1wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,TiO2的含量≤3.1%;所述棕刚玉的颗粒直径为4-5mm,所述棕刚玉的真密度≥3.9g/cm。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4份的膨胀石墨,膨胀石墨是由天然石墨鳞片经插层、水洗、干燥、高温膨化得到的疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,膨胀石墨柔韧性好、可塑性好、抗高温性好、耐火性好、抗低温性好、抗腐蚀性好、抗辐射性好和抗老化性好的优点。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4份的纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有良好的分散性、稳定性、阻燃性和耐候性。
纳米二氧化钛为金红石型纳米二氧化钛。
一种高温耐火材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照高温耐火材料原料的重量份数称取原料;
(2)将原料混合均匀并成型,得到高温耐火材料生坯;
(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥;
(4)对干燥后的复合高温耐火材料生坯进行煅烧,得到所述复合高温耐火材料。
步骤(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥的步骤为将生坯自然干燥12-20h,然后将生坯在50℃-100℃的烘干窑中进行烘干,有利于制备高品质的高温耐火材料。
该高温耐火材料的体积密度为1.79g/cm3,重烧线变化率为0.2%,耐压强度为165MPa,耐火度为1650℃,800℃的热导率为0.32W/m.k。
实施例3
一种高温耐火材料,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石30份、六铝酸钙50份、白刚玉8份、棕刚玉7份、钙钛矿9份、高岭土9份、气凝胶7份、镁铝尖晶石8份、纳米碳化硅4份、漂珠9份、高铝矾土8份和炭黑造孔剂4份。
原料中添加了纳米碳化硅,纳米碳化硅具有耐高温、强度高、抗冲击性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了高岭土,高岭土具有化学稳定性好、粘结性好和耐火性好的优点。
原料中添加了漂珠,漂珠具有颗粒细、中空、质轻、强度高、耐高温、保温和耐火的优点。
原料中添加了气凝胶,气凝胶具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性好和防火的优点。
原料中添加了镁铝尖晶石,镁铝尖晶石具有抗腐蚀性好、耐高温性好和耐火性好的特点。
白刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥99.1wt.%,K2O和Na2O的含量≤0.3wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,磁性物的含量≤0.05wt.%,SiO2的含量≤0.04wt.%;所述白刚玉的颗粒直径为0.1-4mm,所述白刚玉的真密度≥3.5g/cm3。
棕刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥95wt.%,SiO2的含量≤1wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,TiO2的含量≤3.1%;所述棕刚玉的颗粒直径为4-5mm,所述棕刚玉的真密度≥3.9g/cm。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为5份的膨胀石墨,膨胀石墨是由天然石墨鳞片经插层、水洗、干燥、高温膨化得到的疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,膨胀石墨柔韧性好、可塑性好、抗高温性好、耐火性好、抗低温性好、抗腐蚀性好、抗辐射性好和抗老化性好的优点。
高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为6份的纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有良好的分散性、稳定性、阻燃性和耐候性。
纳米二氧化钛为金红石型纳米二氧化钛。
一种高温耐火材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照高温耐火材料原料的重量份数称取原料;
(2)将原料混合均匀并成型,得到高温耐火材料生坯;
(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥;
(4)对干燥后的复合高温耐火材料生坯进行煅烧,得到所述复合高温耐火材料。
步骤(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥的步骤为将生坯自然干燥12-20h,然后将生坯在50℃-100℃的烘干窑中进行烘干,有利于制备高品质的高温耐火材料。
该高温耐火材料的体积密度为1.83g/cm3,重烧线变化率为0.1%,耐压强度为190MPa,耐火度为1670℃,800℃的热导率为0.34W/m.k。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种高温耐火材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石28-30份、六铝酸钙49-50份、白刚玉6-8份、棕刚玉6-7份、钙钛矿7-9份、高岭土5-9份、气凝胶5-7份、镁铝尖晶石7-8份、纳米碳化硅3-4份、漂珠6-9份、高铝矾土6-8份和炭黑造孔剂3-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的原料:钙长石29份、六铝酸钙49.5份、白刚玉7份、棕刚玉6.5份、钙钛矿8份、高岭土7份、气凝胶6份、镁铝尖晶石7.5份、纳米碳化硅3.5份、漂珠7.5份、高铝矾土7份和炭黑造孔剂3.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于:所述白刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥99.1wt.%,K2O和Na2O的含量≤0.3wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,磁性物的含量≤0.05wt.%,SiO2的含量≤0.04wt.%;所述白刚玉的颗粒直径为0.1-4mm,所述白刚玉的真密度≥3.5g/cm3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于:所述棕刚玉中Al2O3的含量≥95wt.%,SiO2的含量≤1wt.%,Fe2O3的含量≤0.2wt.%,TiO2的含量≤3.1%;所述棕刚玉的颗粒直径为4-5mm,所述棕刚玉的真密度≥3.9g/cm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于:所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-5份的膨胀石墨。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于:所述高温耐火材料还包括重量份数为4-6份的纳米二氧化钛。
7.根据权利要求6所述的高温耐火材料,其特征在于:所述纳米二氧化钛为金红石型纳米二氧化钛。
8.一种如权利要求1—7任意一项所述的高温耐火材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照高温耐火材料原料的重量份数称取原料;
(2)将原料混合均匀并成型,得到高温耐火材料生坯;
(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥;
(4)对干燥后的复合高温耐火材料生坯进行煅烧,得到所述复合高温耐火材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的高温耐火材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)对高温耐火材料生坯进行干燥的步骤为将生坯自然干燥12-20h,然后将生坯在50℃-100℃的烘干窑中进行烘干。
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