CN107320507A - 一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺。该工艺在凌霄花药材采收后，净选、淋洗，并趁鲜压榨，滤取药汁。药渣再加水搅拌，过滤压榨。所得药汁合并后减压浓缩，冷冻干燥，收集冻干产物，经粉碎后真空包装。此法制备的凌霄花粉末饮片，最大限度地同时保留了药材中的极性和非极性有效成分。饮片利于储运，方便调剂，质量可控，疗效可靠，对保障中医药临床疗效具有重要的意义。本法的推广实施，将有显著的社会意义和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药材加工领域，尤其涉及中药凌霄花饮片的加工工艺。
背景技术
中药凌霄花为紫薇科植物凌霄Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K.Schum. 或美洲凌霄Campsis radicans (L.)Seem.的干燥花。本品具有行血祛瘀，凉血祛风的作用。主要用于经闭，产后乳肿，风疹发红，皮肤瘙痒，痤疮等的治疗。
常用的凌霄花饮片的加工方式为：夏、秋二季花盛开时采摘，干燥，再打包储运。此类饮片，体积庞大，卫生学指标差，容易污染和霉变，质量很难保证，不利于配方调剂和确保其临床疗效，甚至给患者带来隐性的危害。
目前，市场上也有凌霄花药材经过提取后制成的颗粒饮片销售。颗粒饮片的制备过程，提取不仅耗时耗能，而且因常用大量的水做溶媒，药材中的非极性有效成分很难被提取出来。此外，由于提取用的凌霄花药材也是干燥并经过长时间储藏的，因此，有效成分的损失也是很大的。为了确保凌霄花药材的临床有效、质量稳定，一种新型的凌霄花饮片亟待开发。
发明内容
本发明公布了 “一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片及的制备工艺”。本工艺可以最大限度的保留凌霄花药材中的极性和非极性有效成分，避免药材在现有的饮片加工和储运过程中引起的有效成分的丢失和药材品质的下降，减少药材受霉菌等的污染，对确保凌霄花饮片的质量稳定和临床安全有效具有重要的意义。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
在凌霄花采收后，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得凌霄花药汁。将得到的凌霄花药汁于40~75℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.25的浸膏，并将此浸膏于-20~-80℃冰箱中冻结6~24小时，再冷冻干燥，压力为0.06~0.09MPa，温度为-15~-40℃，冷冻时间为12~48小时，收集冻干物后,经粉碎，过筛，包装即可。
在产品包装袋的标签上，印刷上品名、药用部位、种植地、饮片生产商、生产日期、主要成分含量、性味归经、功能主治、用法用量、毒副作用及禁忌证等信息。袋内附上凌霄花的薄层鉴别图谱和/或高效液相特征图谱，作为产品的“身份证”。此外，在产品的包装袋上，印有二维码，通过扫描可以链接获取产品的原植物照片、药材照片、饮片照片、性状及显微鉴别特征等信息。
本发明的有益之处在于：
新鲜采集的凌霄花药材，净选洗涤后直接压榨、过滤、减压浓缩、冷冻干燥，所得到的粉末饮片，可以最大限度地保留药材中的有效成分。 这种饮片体积较之于传统饮片体积大大地减小，真空包装，使得饮片质量更加稳定，利于储运和临床调剂，具有十分显著的社会意义和经济意义。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将新鲜采集的凌霄花药材，洗净，切成1cm的段，加入药材重量0.5倍量的水，搅拌15分钟，趁鲜压榨取汁。所得药渣加3倍量的自来水，搅拌20min，板框压滤机压榨取汁。剩下的药渣再用压榨机压榨取汁。将上述3次药汁合并，用100目筛网过滤。滤液减压浓缩，温度设定为65℃。在浓缩所得浸膏相对密度为1.15时，将浸膏于-80℃冰箱中冻结6小时。取出东结物，冷冻干燥，压力为0.09Mpa，温度为-20℃，干燥24小时。取出冻干物，低温粉碎，过80目筛，水分含量不高于12%，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即可。
实施例2
将新鲜采集的凌霄花药材，洗净，切成2cm的段，加入药材重量1倍量的水，搅拌30分钟，趁鲜压榨取汁。所得药渣加5倍量的自来水，搅拌30min，板框压滤机压榨取汁。剩下的药渣再用压榨机压榨取汁。将上述3次药汁合并，用80目筛网过滤。滤液减压浓缩，温度设定为70℃。在浓缩所得浸膏相对密度为1.10时，将浸膏于-80℃冰箱中冻结8小时。取出东结物，冷冻干燥，压力为0.08Mpa，温度为-40℃，干燥48小时。取出冻干物，低温粉碎，过60目筛，水分含量不高于12%，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即可。
以上实施例，仅为说明本项发明的技术思想，不能凭此限定本发明的保护范围 凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护的范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：在凌霄花采收后，洗净，切成1~2cm的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得凌霄花药汁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种凌霄花鲜榨冷冻干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：将得到的凌霄花药汁于40~75℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.25的浸膏，并将此浸膏于-20~-80℃冰箱中冻结6~24小时，再冷冻干燥，压力为0.06~0.09MPa，温度为-15~-40℃，冷冻时间为12~48小时，收集冻干物后,经粉碎，过筛，包装即可。
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