CN107318758A - 一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,它包含以下步骤:采用单笼饲养的方法,每笼养2—4只种母鸡,采用人工授精的方式公鸡须单笼饲养,且公鸡和种母鸡分开饲养;鸡舍温湿度控制;光照和喂料时间的调整:光照时间为10—14小时;体重的监测和控制;采用种母鸡专用饲料和公鸡饲料分别喂养种母鸡和公鸡,并给种母鸡和公鸡喂食黄粉虫和人工养殖的无污染蛆,并定期给种母鸡和公鸡的饲料中添加复合菌剂。本发明采用科学合理的管理方法、结合科学配比的饲料进行笼养,使得种鸡体型大、肉质好、抗病率高、受精率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及种鸡饲养方法技术领域,具体涉及一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法。
背景技术
拉伯高脚鸡是小凉山地区特有的优良土鸡品种,因其脚高而得名。研究表明,拉伯高脚鸡无论从其外观还是遗传基因等方面,都是十分罕有的优良鸡种。可到了2012年,全县的拉伯高脚鸡存栏数已不足1万只。
为挽救和保护拉伯高脚鸡这一优质品种,并使之成为一项能够带动农户增收的高原特色产业进行开发,宁蒗县畜牧局指派高级畜牧师,到宁蒗高原绿色食品开发有限公司开展畜禽技术指导,帮助企业建立了拉伯高脚鸡保护扩繁场,并多次邀请省、市畜牧专家,对拉伯高脚鸡成功进行了遗传基因鉴定。不久前,拉伯高脚鸡成功列入云南省畜禽遗传资源名录。通过宁蒗县部分养殖大户的努力,拉伯高脚鸡——这一源自丽江市宁蒗县的高原特色农产品已远销北京、广州等城市,不仅在市场上呈现出供不应求的良好发展态势,也切实成为助力该县山区群众脱贫致富的一项好产业。
拉伯高脚鸡生活于海拔2400-2600的高原,一直用于放养,放养后形成种鸡受精率低,品种纯度不高,生长周期长,病多的缺陷。为了克服这些问题,人们开始尝试种鸡笼养的方法,但种鸡笼养后造成种鸡脂肪过多,受精率产蛋率低下的问题。另外,目前使用的饲料,多以豆粕、米糠为主,辅以抗生素、激素等添加剂,降低了高脚鸡的抵抗力和鸡肉品质。因此,急需研究出一种科学合理的种鸡笼养方法,提高拉伯高脚鸡的生产率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种采用科学合理的管理方法、结合科学配比的饲料进行笼养,使得种鸡体型大、肉质好、抗病率高、受精率高的拉伯高脚鸡种鸡笼养方法。
为了解决背景技术所存在的问题,本发明是采用以下技术方案:一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,它包含以下步骤:
(1). 采用单笼饲养的方法,每笼养2—4只种母鸡,养殖密度低有助于种鸡散热;采用人工授精的方式,繁殖期人工授精公鸡须单笼饲养,一笼仅养一只,避免两只或群养由于应激影响精液品质;且公鸡和种母鸡分开饲养;
(2).鸡舍温湿度控制:成年公鸡在20—25℃环境下,可产生理想的精液品质,温度高于30℃以上,会导致暂时抑制精子产生;而温度低于5℃时,公鸡性活动降低;因此,在鸡舍中安装纵向通风—水帘降温系统,当鸡舍温度达到25-28℃时,启动纵向通风—水帘降温系统;鸡舍湿度在育维期湿度要求较高,一般在65%—70%,从第2周开始调节为55%—60%;
(3). 光照和喂料时间的调整:在下午13:00—18:00时天气最热的时间段,暂时撤除部分或全部进出风口的遮光物,以便增大鸡舍内的通风量和风速,将喂料时间提前到早上最凉快的时候进行,以减少吃料后的热增耗对种鸡的影响;光照时间为10—14小时;
(4).体重的监测和控制:控制种母鸡的生长速度,使鸡群保持每周增重90—110克的生长速度;每周抽测5%—10%的鸡数,抽测体重低于标准体重的适当增加喂料量,反之则适当减少饲喂量;应每月检查公鸡的体重一次,凡体重降低在100克以上的公鸡,应暂停采精和延长采精间隔,并另行饲养;
(5).采用种母鸡专用饲料和公鸡饲料分别喂养种母鸡和公鸡,并给种母鸡和公鸡喂食黄粉虫和人工养殖的无污染蛆,并定期给种母鸡和公鸡的饲料中添加复合菌剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进;所述的种母鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉40-60%、豆粕10-20%、黄豆粉5-15%、红小豆粉5-15%、丝瓜粉2-5%、大黄粉0.1-0.5%、板蓝根粉0.1-0.5%、甘草粉0.1-1.0%、桑叶粉3-8%、虾粉2-5%、鱼粉1-5%、食盐0.1-0.5%、微量元素预混料3-8%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径2-5mm。
作为本发明的进一步改进;所述的公鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉45-70%、豆粕20-30%、大麦粉5-15%、鱼粉1-5%、贝壳粉4-10%、海藻粉3-8%、黄芪粉0.1-1.0%、大青叶粉0.5-1.5%、蒲公英粉0.5-1.5%、食盐0.1-0.5%、微量元素预混料3-8%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径2-5mm。
作为本发明的进一步改进;所述的复合菌剂采用EM原液。
采用上述技术方案后,本发明具有以下有益效果:
采用科学合理的管理和喂养方式,结合笼养方法,采用配比科学的饲料,且种母鸡和公鸡采用不同的饲料,饲料蛋白含量高,有利于提高种母鸡的受精率和产蛋率,提高公鸡的精子量和活力,且鸡的肉质好,抗病率高。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施方式,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本具体实施方式采用以下技术方案:一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,它包含以下步骤:
(1). 采用单笼饲养的方法,每笼养2只种母鸡,养殖密度低有助于种鸡散热;采用人工授精的方式,繁殖期人工授精公鸡须单笼饲养,一笼仅养一只,避免两只或群养由于应激影响精液品质;且公鸡和种母鸡分开饲养;
(2).鸡舍温湿度控制:成年公鸡在20—25℃环境下,可产生理想的精液品质,温度高于30℃以上,会导致暂时抑制精子产生;而温度低于5℃时,公鸡性活动降低;因此,在鸡舍中安装纵向通风—水帘降温系统,当鸡舍温度达到25-28℃时,启动纵向通风—水帘降温系统;鸡舍湿度在育维期湿度要求较高,一般在65%—70%,从第2周开始调节为55%一60%;
(3). 光照和喂料时间的调整:在下午13:00—18:00时天气最热的时间段,暂时撤除部分或全部进出风口的遮光物,以便增大鸡舍内的通风量和风速,将喂料时间提前到早上最凉快的时候进行,以减少吃料后的热增耗对种鸡的影响;光照时间为10—14小时;
(4).体重的监测和控制:控制种母鸡的生长速度,使鸡群保持每周增重90—110克的生长速度;每周抽测5%—10%的鸡数,抽测体重低于标准体重的适当增加喂料量,反之则适当减少饲喂量;应每月检查公鸡的体重一次,凡体重降低在100克以上的公鸡,应暂停采精和延长采精间隔,并另行饲养;
(5).采用种母鸡专用饲料和公鸡饲料分别喂养种母鸡和公鸡,并给种母鸡和公鸡喂食黄粉虫和人工养殖的无污染蛆,并定期给种母鸡和公鸡的饲料中添加复合菌剂。
所述的种母鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉50%、豆粕15%、黄豆粉10%、红小豆粉8%、丝瓜粉3%、大黄粉0.2%、板蓝根粉0.2%、甘草粉0.3%、桑叶粉5%、虾粉3%、鱼粉1%、食盐0.3%、微量元素预混料4%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径3mm。
所述的公鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉50%、豆粕20%、大麦粉8%、鱼粉4%、贝壳粉8%、海藻粉3%、黄芪粉0.4%、大青叶粉0.8%、蒲公英粉0.5%、食盐0.3%、微量元素预混料5%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径4mm。
所述的复合菌剂采用EM原液。
本发明有利于提高种母鸡的受精率和产蛋率,提高公鸡的精子量和活力,且鸡的肉质好,抗病率高。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (6)
1.一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,它包含以下步骤:
采用单笼饲养的方法,每笼养2—4只种母鸡,养殖密度低有助于种鸡散热;采用人工授精的方式,繁殖期人工授精公鸡须单笼饲养,一笼仅养一只,避免两只或群养由于应激影响精液品质;且公鸡和种母鸡分开饲养;
(2).鸡舍温湿度控制:成年公鸡在20—25℃环境下,可产生理想的精液品质,温度高于30℃以上,会导致暂时抑制精子产生;而温度低于5℃时,公鸡性活动降低;因此,在鸡舍中安装纵向通风—水帘降温系统,当鸡舍温度达到25-28℃时,启动纵向通风—水帘降温系统;鸡舍湿度在育维期湿度要求较高,一般在65%—70%,从第2周开始调节为55%—60%;
光照和喂料时间的调整:在下午13:00—18:00时天气最热的时间段,暂时撤除部分或全部进出风口的遮光物,以便增大鸡舍内的通风量和风速,将喂料时间提前到早上最凉快的时候进行,以减少吃料后的热增耗对种鸡的影响;光照时间为10—14小时;
(4).体重的监测和控制:控制种母鸡的生长速度,使鸡群保持每周增重90—110克的生长速度;每周抽测5%—10%的鸡数,抽测体重低于标准体重的适当增加喂料量,反之则适当减少饲喂量;应每月检查公鸡的体重一次,凡体重降低在100克以上的公鸡,应暂停采精和延长采精间隔,并另行饲养;
(5).采用种母鸡专用饲料和公鸡饲料分别喂养种母鸡和公鸡,并给种母鸡和公鸡喂食黄粉虫和人工养殖的无污染蛆,并定期给种母鸡和公鸡的饲料中添加复合菌剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,所述的种母鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉40-60%、豆粕10-20%、黄豆粉5-15%、红小豆粉5-15%、丝瓜粉2-5%、大黄粉0.1-0.5%、板蓝根粉0.1-0.5%、甘草粉0.1-1.0%、桑叶粉3-8%、虾粉2-5%、鱼粉1-5%、食盐0.1-0.5%、微量元素预混料3-8%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径2-5mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,所述的公鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉45-70%、豆粕20-30%、大麦粉5-15%、鱼粉1-5%、贝壳粉4-10%、海藻粉3-8%、黄芪粉0.1-1.0%、大青叶粉0.5-1.5%、蒲公英粉0.5-1.5%、食盐0.1-0.5%、微量元素预混料3-8%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径2-5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,所述的复合菌剂采用EM原液。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,所述的种母鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉50%、豆粕15%、黄豆粉10%、红小豆粉8%、丝瓜粉3%、大黄粉0.2%、板蓝根粉0.2%、甘草粉0.3%、桑叶粉5%、虾粉3%、鱼粉1%、食盐0.3%、微量元素预混料4%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径3mm。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种拉伯高脚鸡笼养方法,其特征在于,所述的公鸡专用饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成:玉米粉50%、豆粕20%、大麦粉8%、鱼粉4%、贝壳粉8%、海藻粉3%、黄芪粉0.4%、大青叶粉0.8%、蒲公英粉0.5%、食盐0.3%、微量元素预混料5%,将上述原料混合造粒,粒径4mm。
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